Update nix lock and make nix package follow the current version (#1164)

This is better ergonomic, as `std::string_view` is lightweight and accept more conversion than `const std::string&`.

Co-authored-by: ArthurSonzogni <sonzogniarthur@gmail.com>

.bazelignore

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+bazel/test/

.bazelrc

@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
+common --enable_bzlmod
+common --enable_workspace
+
 build --features=layering_check
 build --enable_bzlmod
 
 build --enable_platform_specific_config
 build:linux --cxxopt=-std=c++20
 build:macos --cxxopt=-std=c++20
-build:windows --cxxopt=-std:c++20
+build:windows --cxxopt=/std:c++20

.clang-format

@@ -2,3 +2,6 @@
 # http://clang.llvm.org/docs/ClangFormatStyleOptions.html
 BasedOnStyle: Chromium
 Standard: Cpp11
+
+InsertBraces: true
+InsertNewlineAtEOF: true

.github/copilot-instructions.md

@@ -0,0 +1,212 @@
+# FTXUI - Functional Terminal (X) User Interface
+
+FTXUI is a cross-platform C++ library for terminal-based user interfaces with a functional programming approach, inspired by React.
+
+**ALWAYS reference these instructions first and fallback to search or bash commands only when you encounter unexpected information that does not match the information here.**
+
+## Working Effectively
+
+### Build System Setup and Commands
+- Bootstrap and build the repository:
+  ```bash
+  # Basic build (library only) - fast
+  cmake -S . -B build -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release
+  cmake --build build --parallel $(nproc)
+  # Build time: ~30 seconds. NEVER CANCEL. Set timeout to 120+ seconds.
+  
+  # Build with examples  
+  cmake -S . -B build -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DFTXUI_BUILD_EXAMPLES=ON
+  cmake --build build --parallel $(nproc)
+  # Build time: ~70 seconds. NEVER CANCEL. Set timeout to 180+ seconds.
+  
+  # Build with examples and tests
+  cmake -S . -B build -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DFTXUI_BUILD_EXAMPLES=ON -DFTXUI_BUILD_TESTS=ON
+  cmake --build build --parallel $(nproc)
+  # Build time: ~113 seconds (includes GoogleTest download). NEVER CANCEL. Set timeout to 300+ seconds.
+  ```
+
+- Alternative build with Ninja (faster):
+  ```bash
+  cmake -S . -B build -G Ninja -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DFTXUI_BUILD_EXAMPLES=ON
+  ninja -C build
+  # Build time: ~62 seconds. NEVER CANCEL. Set timeout to 180+ seconds.
+  ```
+
+- Run unit tests:
+  ```bash
+  # Configure with tests enabled first, then:
+  cd build && ctest --output-on-failure
+  # Test time: ~4 seconds (302 tests). NEVER CANCEL. Set timeout to 60+ seconds.
+  ```
+
+### Bazel Support
+- FTXUI also supports Bazel build system
+- **WARNING**: Bazel may fail due to network connectivity issues in sandboxed environments
+- If Bazel is available:
+  ```bash
+  bazel build //...  # Build everything
+  bazel test //...   # Run tests
+  ```
+
+## Validation
+
+### Manual Testing After Changes
+- **ALWAYS manually validate changes by building and running examples after making code modifications**
+- Run example applications to verify functionality:
+  ```bash
+  # Build an example first
+  cmake --build build --target ftxui_example_border
+  
+  # Run examples (they are interactive, use timeout to terminate)
+  timeout 2s build/examples/dom/ftxui_example_border
+  timeout 2s build/examples/dom/ftxui_example_color_gallery
+  timeout 2s build/examples/component/ftxui_example_button
+  ```
+- Examples should produce visual terminal output with borders, colors, and UI components
+- **CRITICAL**: Always run at least one DOM example and one Component example to verify both modules work
+
+### Code Quality and Formatting
+- Always run formatting before committing:
+  ```bash
+  ./tools/format.sh
+  # Format time: ~7 seconds. NEVER CANCEL. Set timeout to 60+ seconds.
+  ```
+- The format script adds license headers and runs clang-format on all source files
+- **Required**: Run formatting or the CI (.github/workflows/build.yaml) will fail
+
+### Build Validation Requirements
+- ALWAYS build with both `-DFTXUI_BUILD_EXAMPLES=ON` and `-DFTXUI_BUILD_TESTS=ON` when making changes
+- Run the complete test suite with `ctest --output-on-failure`
+- All 302 tests must pass
+- **Scenario Testing**: Run at least these validation scenarios:
+  1. Build library only (basic validation)
+  2. Build with examples and run 2-3 different examples
+  3. Build with tests and run complete test suite
+  4. Run formatting tool to ensure code style compliance
+
+## Project Structure
+
+### Key Directories
+```
+/home/runner/work/FTXUI/FTXUI/
+├── include/ftxui/           # Public header files
+│   ├── component/           # Interactive component headers
+│   ├── dom/                 # DOM element headers  
+│   ├── screen/              # Screen and rendering headers
+│   └── util/                # Utility headers
+├── src/ftxui/               # Implementation files
+│   ├── component/           # Interactive components (buttons, menus, etc.)
+│   ├── dom/                 # DOM elements (layout, styling, text)
+│   ├── screen/              # Screen rendering and terminal handling
+│   └── util/                # Utilities
+├── examples/                # Example applications
+│   ├── component/           # Interactive component examples
+│   └── dom/                 # DOM element examples
+├── cmake/                   # CMake configuration files
+├── tools/                   # Development tools (formatting, etc.)
+└── .github/workflows/       # CI/CD configuration
+```
+
+### Core Library Modules
+FTXUI is organized into three main modules that depend on each other:
+```
+┌component──┐  (Interactive UI components)
+│┌dom──────┐│  (Layout and styling elements)  
+││┌screen─┐││  (Terminal rendering and input)
+└┴┴───────┴┴┘
+```
+
+1. **screen**: Low-level terminal handling, colors, pixels, input
+2. **dom**: Layout elements (hbox, vbox, text, borders, etc.)
+3. **component**: Interactive components (buttons, menus, input fields)
+
+### CMake Build Options
+| Option                            | Description                      | Default |
+|-----------------------------------|----------------------------------|---------|
+| FTXUI_BUILD_EXAMPLES              | Build example applications       | OFF     |
+| FTXUI_BUILD_DOCS                  | Build documentation             | OFF     |  
+| FTXUI_BUILD_TESTS                 | Build and enable tests          | OFF     |
+| FTXUI_BUILD_MODULES               | Build C++20 modules             | OFF     |
+| FTXUI_ENABLE_INSTALL              | Generate install targets        | ON      |
+| FTXUI_MICROSOFT_TERMINAL_FALLBACK | Windows terminal compatibility  | ON/OFF  |
+
+## Common Tasks
+
+### Building Examples
+```bash
+# Build specific examples
+cmake --build build --target ftxui_example_border
+cmake --build build --target ftxui_example_button
+cmake --build build --target ftxui_example_menu
+
+# List all available examples
+find build -name "ftxui_example_*" -type f
+```
+
+### Running Tests
+```bash
+# Run all tests
+cd build && ctest
+
+# Run tests with verbose output
+cd build && ctest --verbose
+
+# Run specific test pattern
+cd build && ctest -R "Button" --verbose
+```
+
+### Working with Source Code
+- **Component Development**: Modify files in `src/ftxui/component/` for interactive elements
+- **DOM Development**: Modify files in `src/ftxui/dom/` for layout and styling
+- **Screen Development**: Modify files in `src/ftxui/screen/` for terminal rendering
+- **Adding Examples**: Add new `.cpp` files in `examples/component/` or `examples/dom/`
+- **Header Files**: Public APIs are in `include/ftxui/[module]/`
+
+### Integration Patterns
+When adding FTXUI to a project, use CMake FetchContent (recommended):
+```cmake
+include(FetchContent)
+FetchContent_Declare(ftxui
+  GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/ArthurSonzogni/ftxui
+  GIT_TAG v6.1.9
+)
+FetchContent_MakeAvailable(ftxui)
+
+target_link_libraries(your_target PRIVATE
+    ftxui::component  # For interactive components
+    ftxui::dom        # For layout elements  
+    ftxui::screen     # For basic rendering
+)
+```
+
+## Troubleshooting
+
+### Build Issues
+- If CMake configuration fails, ensure C++20 support: `cmake --version` (need 3.12+)
+- If Ninja build fails, fall back to Make: `cmake -S . -B build` (without `-G Ninja`)
+- If tests fail to build, GoogleTest download might have failed - check network connectivity
+- Build artifacts are in `build/` directory - delete with `rm -rf build` to clean
+
+### Example Issues  
+- Examples are interactive terminal applications - use `timeout` to terminate them
+- If examples don't display correctly, terminal might not support colors/Unicode
+- Examples require terminal size of at least 80x24 for proper display
+
+### Formatting Issues
+- Format script requires clang-format to be installed
+- If format script fails, check that source files are not read-only
+- Format script modifies files in-place - commit changes afterwards
+
+## Critical Reminders
+
+- **NEVER CANCEL long-running builds** - they may take 2-3 minutes
+- **ALWAYS run the formatting tool** before committing changes  
+- **ALWAYS build and test examples** when making component/dom changes
+- **SET APPROPRIATE TIMEOUTS**: 300+ seconds for builds, 60+ seconds for tests
+- **BUILD TIMING EXPECTATIONS**:
+  - Basic library: ~30 seconds
+  - With examples: ~70 seconds  
+  - With examples + tests: ~113 seconds (first time, includes GoogleTest download)
+  - Subsequent builds: ~60-70 seconds
+  - Tests execution: ~4 seconds
+  - Formatting: ~7 seconds

.github/workflows/build.yaml

@@ -56,6 +56,13 @@ jobs:
           CXX: ${{ matrix.cxx }}
         run: bazel test --test_output=all ...
 
+      - name: "Bazel Smoke test"
+        env:
+          CC: ${{ matrix.cc }}
+          CXX: ${{ matrix.cxx }}
+        run: bazel build //... --enable_bzlmod --override_module=ftxui=../..
+        working-directory: bazel/test
+
   test_cmake:
     name: "CMake, ${{ matrix.compiler }}, ${{ matrix.os }}"
     strategy:

.github/workflows/documentation.yaml

@@ -12,6 +12,10 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - name: "Checkout repository"
         uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0   # Need full history.
+          fetch-tags: true # Need tags.
+
 
       - name: "Install cmake"
         uses: lukka/get-cmake@latest
@@ -30,7 +34,12 @@ jobs:
           sudo apt-get install graphviz;
 
       - name: "Build documentation"
+        run: |
+          python3 ./tools/build_multiversion_doc.py
+
+      - name: "Build examples"
         run: >
+          mkdir -p multiversion_docs/main/examples;
           mkdir build;
           cd build;
           emcmake cmake ..
@@ -41,8 +50,7 @@ jobs:
           -DFTXUI_BUILD_TESTS_FUZZER=OFF
           -DFTXUI_ENABLE_INSTALL=OFF
           -DFTXUI_DEV_WARNINGS=OFF;
-          cmake --build . --target doc;
-          cmake --build . ;
+          cmake --build .;
           rsync -amv
           --include='*/'
           --include='*.html'
@@ -52,13 +60,13 @@ jobs:
           --include='*.wasm'
           --exclude='*'
           examples
-          doc/doxygen/html;
+          ../multiversion_docs/
 
       - name: "Deploy"
         uses: peaceiris/actions-gh-pages@v3
         with:
           github_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-          publish_dir: build/doc/doxygen/html/
+          publish_dir: multiversion_docs
           enable_jekyll: false
           allow_empty_commit: false
           force_orphan: true

.gitignore

@@ -24,10 +24,12 @@ out/
 !BUILD.bazel
 !MODULE.bazel
 !.bazelrc
+!.bazelignore
 
 # .github directory:
 !.github/**/*.yaml
 !.github/**/*.yml
+!.github/**/*.md
 
 # cmake directory:
 !cmake/**/*.in
@@ -36,6 +38,10 @@ out/
 # bazel directory:
 !bazel/**/*.bzl
 !.bcr/*
+!bazel/test/*.bazel
+!bazel/test/*.bazelrc
+!bazel/test/*.cpp
+!bazel/test/*.md
 
 # doc directory:
 !doc/**/Doxyfile.in
@@ -44,6 +50,7 @@ out/
 !doc/**/*.html
 !doc/**/*.xml
 !doc/**/*.md
+!doc/*.md
 
 # examples directory:
 !examples/**/*.cpp
@@ -69,4 +76,6 @@ out/
 
 # tools directory:
 !tools/**/*.sh
+!tools/**/*.py
 !tools/**/*.cpp
+build/

BUILD.bazel

@@ -13,16 +13,18 @@ load("@rules_cc//cc:defs.bzl", "cc_binary", "cc_library", "cc_test")
 load(":bazel/ftxui.bzl", "ftxui_cc_library")
 load(":bazel/ftxui.bzl", "generate_examples")
 load(":bazel/ftxui.bzl", "windows_copts")
-load(":bazel/ftxui.bzl", "pthread_linkopts")
 
 # A meta target depending on all of the ftxui submodules.
-# Note that component depends on dom and screen, so ftxui is just an alias for 
-# component.
+# Note that component depends on dom and screen, so ftxui re-exports all headers.
 # ┌component──┐
 # │┌dom──────┐│
 # ││┌screen─┐││
 # └┴┴───────┴┴┘
-alias(name = "ftxui", actual = ":component")
+ftxui_cc_library(
+    name = "ftxui",
+    hdrs = glob(["include/ftxui/**/*.hpp"]),
+    deps = [":component"],
+)
 
 # @ftxui:screen is a module that provides a screen buffer and color management
 # for terminal applications. A screen is a 2D array of cells, each cell can
@@ -159,6 +161,12 @@ ftxui_cc_library(
         "src/ftxui/component/resizable_split.cpp",
         "src/ftxui/component/screen_interactive.cpp",
         "src/ftxui/component/slider.cpp",
+        "src/ftxui/component/task.cpp",
+        "src/ftxui/component/task_internal.hpp",
+        "src/ftxui/component/task_queue.cpp",
+        "src/ftxui/component/task_queue.hpp",
+        "src/ftxui/component/task_runner.cpp",
+        "src/ftxui/component/task_runner.hpp",
         "src/ftxui/component/terminal_input_parser.cpp",
         "src/ftxui/component/terminal_input_parser.hpp",
         "src/ftxui/component/util.cpp",
@@ -170,6 +178,9 @@ ftxui_cc_library(
         # Private header from ftxui:screen.
         "src/ftxui/screen/string_internal.hpp",
         "src/ftxui/screen/util.hpp",
+
+        # Private header.
+        "include/ftxui/util/warn_windows_macro.hpp",
     ],
     hdrs = [
         "include/ftxui/component/animation.hpp",
@@ -184,7 +195,6 @@ ftxui_cc_library(
         "include/ftxui/component/screen_interactive.hpp",
         "include/ftxui/component/task.hpp",
     ],
-    linkopts = pthread_linkopts(),
     deps = [
         ":dom",
         ":screen",
@@ -207,7 +217,6 @@ cc_test(
         "src/ftxui/component/menu_test.cpp",
         "src/ftxui/component/modal_test.cpp",
         "src/ftxui/component/radiobox_test.cpp",
-        "src/ftxui/component/receiver_test.cpp",
         "src/ftxui/component/resizable_split_test.cpp",
         "src/ftxui/component/slider_test.cpp",
         "src/ftxui/component/terminal_input_parser_test.cpp",

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -24,7 +24,34 @@ Next
   import ftxui.util;
   ```
   Thanks @mikomikotaishi for PR #1015.
+- Remove dependency on 'pthread'.
+- Bugfix: Bazel target @ftxui is now visible. Thanks @dskkato in #1157.
 
+### General
+- Breaking. Move to `std::string_view` instead of `const std::string&` where
+  applicable. This yields better interoperability with string literals and
+  avoids unnecessary copies. Thanks @mikomikotaishi for PR #1154
+
+### Component
+- Feature: POSIX Piped Input Handling.
+  - Allows FTXUI applications to read data from stdin (when piped) while still receiving keyboard input from the terminal.
+  - Enabled by default.
+  - Can be disabled using `ScreenInteractive::HandlePipedInput(false)`.
+  - Only available on Linux and macOS.
+  Thanks @HarryPehkonen for PR #1094.
+- Fix ScreenInteractive::FixedSize screen stomps on the preceding terminal
+  output. Thanks @zozowell in #1064.
+- Fix vertical `ftxui::Slider`. The "up" key was previously decreasing the
+  value. Thanks @its-pablo in #1093 for reporting the issue.
+- Fix Windows UTF-16 key input handling. Emoji and other code points outside the
+  Basic Multilingual Plane (BMP) are now correctly processed. Thanks @739C1AE2
+  in #1160 for fixing the issue.
+
+### Dom
+- Fix integer overflow in `ComputeShrinkHard`. Thanks @its-pablo in #1137 for
+  reporting and fixing the issue.
+- Add specialization for `vbox/hbox/dbox` to allow a container of Element as
+  as input. Thanks @nbusser in #1117.
 
 6.1.9 (2025-05-07)
 ------------

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -144,26 +144,20 @@ add_library(component
   src/ftxui/component/resizable_split.cpp
   src/ftxui/component/screen_interactive.cpp
   src/ftxui/component/slider.cpp
+  src/ftxui/component/task.cpp
+  src/ftxui/component/task_internal.hpp
+  src/ftxui/component/task_queue.cpp
+  src/ftxui/component/task_queue.hpp
+  src/ftxui/component/task_runner.cpp
+  src/ftxui/component/task_runner.hpp
   src/ftxui/component/terminal_input_parser.cpp
   src/ftxui/component/terminal_input_parser.hpp
   src/ftxui/component/util.cpp
   src/ftxui/component/window.cpp
 )
 
-target_link_libraries(dom
-  PUBLIC screen
-)
-
-target_link_libraries(component
-  PUBLIC dom
-)
-
-if (NOT EMSCRIPTEN)
-  find_package(Threads)
-  target_link_libraries(component
-    PUBLIC Threads::Threads
-  )
-endif()
+target_link_libraries(dom PUBLIC screen)
+target_link_libraries(component PUBLIC dom)
 
 include(cmake/ftxui_set_options.cmake)
 ftxui_set_options(screen)
@@ -184,8 +178,8 @@ include(cmake/ftxui_install.cmake)
 include(cmake/ftxui_package.cmake)
 include(cmake/ftxui_modules.cmake)
 
-add_subdirectory(doc)
 add_subdirectory(examples)
+add_subdirectory(doc)
 
 # You can generate ./examples_modules/ by running
 # ./tools/generate_examples_modules.sh

README.md

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+
 <p align="center">
   <img src="https://github.com/ArthurSonzogni/FTXUI/assets/4759106/6925b6da-0a7e-49d9-883c-c890e1f36007" alt="Demo image"></img>
   <br/>
@@ -18,10 +19,16 @@
   <br/>
   <a href="https://arthursonzogni.github.io/FTXUI/">Documentation</a> ·
   <a href="https://github.com/ArthurSonzogni/FTXUI/issues">Report a Bug</a> ·
-  <a href="https://arthursonzogni.github.io/FTXUI/examples.html">Examples</a> .
+  <a href="https://arthursonzogni.github.io/FTXUI/examples/">Examples</a> .
   <a href="https://github.com/ArthurSonzogni/FTXUI/issues">Request Feature</a> ·
   <a href="https://github.com/ArthurSonzogni/FTXUI/pulls">Send a Pull Request</a>
   
+  <br/>
+  <a href="https://github.com/ArthurSonzogni/">English</a> |
+  <a href="https://github.com/ArthurSonzogni/ftxui-translations/tree/zh-CH">中文翻译</a> |
+  <a href="https://github.com/ArthurSonzogni/ftxui-translations/tree/zh-CH">繁體中文</a> |
+  <a href="https://github.com/ArthurSonzogni/ftxui-translations/tree/ja">日本語</a>
+
 </p>
 
 # FTXUI
@@ -362,6 +369,9 @@ Feel free to add your projects here:
 - [FTB - tertminal file browser](https://github.com/Cyxuan0311/FTB)
 - [openJuice](https://github.com/mikomikotaishi/openJuice)
 - [SHOOT!](https://github.com/ShingZhanho/ENGG1340-Project-25Spring)
+- [VerifySN (Fast Hash Tool)](https://github.com/d06i/verifySN)
+- [tic-tac-toe](https://github.com/birland/tic-tac-toe)
+- [typing-speed-test](https://github.com/ymcx/typing-speed-test)
 
 ### [cpp-best-practices/game_jam](https://github.com/cpp-best-practices/game_jam)
 
@@ -378,6 +388,8 @@ Several games using the FTXUI have been made during the Game Jam:
 - [smoothlife](https://github.com/cpp-best-practices/game_jam/blob/main/Jam1_April_2022/smoothlife.md)
 - [Consu](https://github.com/cpp-best-practices/game_jam/blob/main/Jam1_April_2022/consu.md)
 
+
+
 ## Build using CMake
 
 It is **highly** recommended to use CMake FetchContent to depend on FTXUI so you may specify which commit you would like to depend on.
@@ -413,9 +425,13 @@ cc_binary(
     name = "your_target",
     srcs = ["your_source.cc"],
     deps = [
-        "@ftxui//:ftxui_component",
-        "@ftxui//:ftxui_dom",
-        "@ftxui//:ftxui_screen",
+        # Choose submodules
+        "@ftxui//:component",
+        "@ftxui//:dom",
+        "@ftxui//:screen",
+        
+        # Or use the single ftxui target (includes all modules)
+        # "@ftxui//:ftxui",
     ],
 )
 ```

bazel/ftxui.bzl

@@ -43,16 +43,6 @@ def windows_copts():
         "//conditions:default": [],
     })
 
-def pthread_linkopts():
-    return select({
-        # With MSVC, threading is already built-in (you don't need -pthread.
-        "@rules_cc//cc/compiler:msvc-cl": [],
-        "@rules_cc//cc/compiler:clang-cl": [],
-        "@rules_cc//cc/compiler:clang": ["-pthread"],
-        "@rules_cc//cc/compiler:gcc": ["-pthread"],
-        "//conditions:default": ["-pthread"],
-    })
-
 def ftxui_cc_library(
         name,
         srcs = [],

bazel/test/.bazelrc

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../.bazelrc

bazel/test/BUILD.bazel

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Arthur Sonzogni. All rights reserved.
+# Use of this source code is governed by the MIT license that can be found in
+# the LICENSE file.
+
+# Test using individual submodules
+cc_binary(
+    name = "smoke",
+    srcs = ["smoke.cpp"],
+    deps = [
+        "@ftxui//:component",
+        "@ftxui//:dom",
+        "@ftxui//:screen",
+    ],
+)
+
+# Test using the single ftxui target
+cc_binary(
+    name = "smoke_single_dependency",
+    srcs = ["smoke.cpp"],
+    deps = [
+        "@ftxui",
+    ],
+)

bazel/test/MODULE.bazel

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Arthur Sonzogni. All rights reserved.
+# Use of this source code is governed by the MIT license that can be found in
+# the LICENSE file.
+module(
+    name = "ftxui_integration_test",
+    version = "0.0.1",
+)
+
+bazel_dep(name = "ftxui", version = "6.1.9")

bazel/test/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+# FTXUI Bazel Integration Test
+
+This directory contains integration tests to verify that FTXUI can be properly consumed as an external dependency using Bazel with Bzlmod.
+
+## Purpose
+
+These tests ensure that:
+- FTXUI's public API is correctly exposed to external projects
+- Both single-target (`@ftxui//:ftxui`) and submodule-based dependencies work correctly
+- Headers are properly re-exported and accessible from downstream projects
+
+## Build Instructions
+
+To build all targets:
+
+```bash
+bazel build //... --enable_bzlmod --override_module=ftxui=../..
+```
+
+To build individual targets:
+
+```bash
+# Test using individual submodules
+bazel build //:smoke --enable_bzlmod --override_module=ftxui=../..
+
+# Test using the single ftxui target
+bazel build //:smoke_single_dependency --enable_bzlmod --override_module=ftxui=../..
+```
+
+## Run the Examples
+
+```bash
+# Run the submodules version
+./bazel-bin/smoke
+
+# Run the single-target version
+./bazel-bin/smoke_single_dependency
+```

bazel/test/WORKSPACE.bazel

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Arthur Sonzogni. All rights reserved.
+# Use of this source code is governed by the MIT license that can be found in
+# the LICENSE file.
+workspace(name = "ftxui_smoke_test")

bazel/test/smoke.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// Copyright 2025 Arthur Sonzogni. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by the MIT license that can be found in
+// the LICENSE file.
+#include <ftxui/dom/elements.hpp>
+#include <ftxui/screen/screen.hpp>
+#include <ftxui/component/component.hpp>
+#include <ftxui/component/screen_interactive.hpp>
+
+int main() {
+  using namespace ftxui;
+  auto screen = ScreenInteractive::TerminalOutput();
+  auto component = Button("Quit", screen.ExitLoopClosure());
+  screen.Loop(component);
+  return 0;
+}
+

cmake/ftxui_find_google_test.cmake

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ include(FetchContent)
 
 FetchContent_Declare(googletest
   GIT_REPOSITORY "https://github.com/google/googletest"
-  GIT_TAG        23ef29555ef4789f555f1ba8c51b4c52975f0907
+  GIT_TAG        52eb8108c5bdec04579160ae17225d66034bd723 # v1.17.0
   GIT_PROGRESS   TRUE
 )
 

cmake/ftxui_install.cmake

@@ -11,6 +11,9 @@ include(CMakePackageConfigHelpers)
 install(
   TARGETS screen dom component
   EXPORT ftxui-targets
+  ARCHIVE DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}"
+  LIBRARY DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}"
+  RUNTIME DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR}"
   )
 
 install(

cmake/ftxui_modules.cmake

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ add_library(ftxui-modules)
 
 target_sources(ftxui-modules
   PUBLIC FILE_SET CXX_MODULES FILES
+  src/ftxui/ftxui.cppm
   src/ftxui/component.cppm
   src/ftxui/component/animation.cppm
   src/ftxui/component/captured_mouse.cppm

cmake/ftxui_set_options.cmake

@@ -101,6 +101,5 @@ endfunction()
 
 if (EMSCRIPTEN)
   string(APPEND CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS " -s USE_PTHREADS")
-  string(APPEND CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS " -s ASYNCIFY")
   string(APPEND CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS " -s PROXY_TO_PTHREAD")
 endif()

cmake/ftxui_test.cmake

@@ -19,11 +19,10 @@ add_executable(ftxui-tests
   src/ftxui/component/menu_test.cpp
   src/ftxui/component/modal_test.cpp
   src/ftxui/component/radiobox_test.cpp
-  src/ftxui/util/ref_test.cpp
-  src/ftxui/component/receiver_test.cpp
   src/ftxui/component/resizable_split_test.cpp
   src/ftxui/component/screen_interactive_test.cpp
   src/ftxui/component/slider_test.cpp
+  src/ftxui/component/task_test.cpp
   src/ftxui/component/terminal_input_parser_test.cpp
   src/ftxui/component/toggle_test.cpp
   src/ftxui/dom/blink_test.cpp
@@ -51,6 +50,7 @@ add_executable(ftxui-tests
   src/ftxui/dom/vbox_test.cpp
   src/ftxui/screen/color_test.cpp
   src/ftxui/screen/string_test.cpp
+  src/ftxui/util/ref_test.cpp
 )
 
 target_link_libraries(ftxui-tests

doc/cpp20-modules.md

@@ -4,27 +4,16 @@
 > [!WARNING]
 > This feature is still in development, and the API may change in future releases.
 > Your contribution is needed to help us improve the compatibility and usability
-> of C++20 modules in FTXUI. If you encounter any issues or have suggestions,
+> of C++ modules in FTXUI. If you encounter any issues or have suggestions,
 > please open an issue.
 
 FTXUI experimentally supports
 [C++20 modules](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/modules) to reduce
-compilation times and improve code organization. Each header has a
-corresponding module.
+compilation times and improve code organization. Each part of the library has a
+corresponding module, split into partitions per each header.
 
-**Example with CMake and Ninja**
-
-
-```cpp
-import ftxui;
-
-int main() {
-  auto screen = ftxui::ScreenInteractive::TerminalOutput();
-  auto button = ftxui::Button("Click me", screen.QuitClosure());
-  screen.Loop(button);
-  return 0;
-}
-```
+Use the FTXUI_BUILD_MODULES option to build the FTXUI project itself to provide C++20 modules,
+for example with CMake and Ninja:
 
 ```sh
 cmake \
@@ -34,11 +23,48 @@ cmake \
 
 ninja
 ```
+
 > [!NOTE]
-> To use modules, you need a C++20 compatible compiler, CMake version 3.20 or
+> To use modules, you need a C++≥20 compatible compiler, CMake version 3.20 or
 > higher, and use a compatible generator like Ninja. Note that Makefile
 > generators **do not support modules**.
 
+Then, in your own code you can consume the modules and code as normal:
+
+```cpp
+import ftxui;
+
+using ftxui::Button;
+using ftxui::ScreenInteractive;
+
+int main() {
+  auto screen = ScreenInteractive::TerminalOutput();
+  auto button = Button("Click me", screen.QuitClosure());
+  screen.Loop(button);
+  return 0;
+}
+```
+
+Note, the `ftxui` convenience module which simply pulls together all the modules:
+
+```cpp
+export import ftxui.component;
+export import ftxui.dom;
+export import ftxui.screen;
+export import ftxui.util;
+```
+You can instead import only the module(s) you need if desired.
+
+To properly find and link the modules with CMake, use `target_link_libraries` to get the right
+compiler, linker, etc. flags.
+
+```cmake
+target_link_libraries(my_executable
+    #...whatever...
+    PRIVATE ftxui::modules
+)
+```
+
 ### Module list
 
 The modules directly reference the corresponding header, or a group of related
@@ -47,38 +73,6 @@ are available:
 
 - `ftxui`
     - `ftxui.component`
-      - `ftxui.component.Animation`
-      - `ftxui.component.CapturedMouse`
-      - `ftxui.component.Component`
-      - `ftxui.component.ComponentBase`
-      - `ftxui.component.ComponentOptions`
-      - `ftxui.component.Event`
-      - `ftxui.component.Loop`
-      - `ftxui.component.Mouse`
-      - `ftxui.component.Receiver`
-      - `ftxui.component.ScreenInteractive`
-      - `ftxui.component.Task`
-- `ftxui.dom`
-    - `ftxui.dom.Canvas`
-    - `ftxui.dom.Deprecated`
-    - `ftxui.dom.Direction`
-    - `ftxui.dom.Elements`
-    - `ftxui.dom.FlexboxConfig`
-    - `ftxui.dom.LinearGradient`
-    - `ftxui.dom.Node`
-    - `ftxui.dom.Requirement`
-    - `ftxui.dom.Selection`
-    - `ftxui.dom.Table`
-- `ftxui.screen`
-    - `ftxui.screen.Box`
-    - `ftxui.screen.Color`
-    - `ftxui.screen.ColorInfo`
-    - `ftxui.screen.Deprecated`
-    - `ftxui.screen.Image`
-    - `ftxui.screen.Pixel`
-    - `ftxui.screen.Screen`
-    - `ftxui.screen.String`
-    - `ftxui.screen.Terminal`
-- `ftxui.util`
-    - `ftxui.util.AutoReset`
-    - `ftxui.util.Ref`
+    - `ftxui.dom`
+    - `ftxui.screen`
+    - `ftxui.util`

doc/footer.html

@@ -2,16 +2,9 @@
 <!-- start footer part -->
 <!--BEGIN GENERATE_TREEVIEW-->
 <div id="nav-path" class="navpath"><!-- id is needed for treeview function! -->
-  <ul>
-    $navpath
-    <li class="footer">$generatedby <a href="https://www.doxygen.org/index.html"><img class="footer" src="$relpath^doxygen.svg" width="104" height="31" alt="doxygen"/></a> $doxygenversion </li>
-  </ul>
 </div>
 <!--END GENERATE_TREEVIEW-->
 <!--BEGIN !GENERATE_TREEVIEW-->
-<hr class="footer"/><address class="footer"><small>
-$generatedby&#160;<a href="https://www.doxygen.org/index.html"><img class="footer" src="$relpath^doxygen.svg" width="104" height="31" alt="doxygen"/></a> $doxygenversion
-</small></address>
 <!--END !GENERATE_TREEVIEW-->
 </body>
 </html>

doc/header.html

@@ -92,6 +92,24 @@
 
 </script>
 <script type="module">
+  // Ignore non english pages and/or the main page.
+  const excluded_lang = [
+    "/de",
+    "/es",
+    "/fr",
+    "/it",
+    "/ja",
+    "/ja",
+    "/ko"
+    "/ru",
+    "/zh-CH",
+    "/zh-TW",
+  ]
+  if (excluded_lang.some(lang => window.location.pathname.startsWith(lang)) ||
+      window.location.pathname.endsWith("index.html")) {
+    return;
+  }
+
   // Click on the navtree, except for the main page where this is already done
   // automatically.
   let delay = 0;

doc/installation_conan.md

@@ -1,19 +1,99 @@
 @page installation_conan Conan
+@tableofcontents
 
-Unofficial recipe for FTXUI exists on Conan Center:
-<https://conan.io/center/recipes/ftxui>
+FTXUI can be easily obtained and integrated into your project using the Conan package manager.
+
+## Prerequisites
+
+First, ensure that Conan is installed on your system. If not, you can install it via pip:
+
+```powershell
+pip install conan
+```
+Conan often works in tandem with CMake, so you will need to have CMake installed as well. Once you have confirmed both Conan and CMake are installed, create a project directory, for example, `ftxui-demo`:
+
+```powershell
+mkdir C:\ftxui-demo
+cd C:\ftxui-demo
+```
+
+## Configuration
+
+After ensuring your environment is set up correctly, create a Conan configuration file `conanfile.txt`. This file is used to declare your project's dependencies. The community-maintained package for FTXUI can be found on [Conan Center](https://conan.io/center/recipes/ftxui).
 
 > [!note]
-> This is an unofficial recipe. That means it is not maintained by the FTXUI
-> team, but by the community. The package maintainers seems to actively update
-> the package to the latest version. Thanks to the maintainers for their work!
+> This is an unofficial build script. This means it is not maintained by the FTXUI
+> team but by the community. The package maintainer appears to actively update it
+> to the latest releases. Many thanks to the maintainer for their work!
 
+@todo If you are familiar with the process, please consider adding an "official" build script to Conan Center.
+This could be a GitHub Action that automatically updates Conan Center upon new releases.
 
-@todo Add instructions on how to use the conan recipe.
+```ini
+[requires]
+ftxui/6.0.2
 
-@todo Please consider adding an "official" recipe to Conan Center if know how.
-It could be a github action that will automatically update the conan center
-when a new release is made.
+[generators]
+CMakeDeps
+CMakeToolchain
+
+[layout]
+cmake_layout
+```
+
+## Install Dependencies and Build
+
+Once configured, run the following command to install FTXUI and its dependencies:
+
+```powershell
+conan install . --output-folder=build --build=missing
+```
+
+This will download and install `ftxui/6.0.2` along with all its dependencies from Conan's remote repositories.
+
+After the installation completes, you can test it by creating a `demo.cpp` file in your project directory:
+
+```cpp
+#include <ftxui/screen/screen.hpp>
+#include <ftxui/dom/elements.hpp>
+#include <iostream>
+
+int main() {
+    using namespace ftxui;
+    auto document = hbox({
+        text(" Hello "),
+        text("FTXUI ") | bold | color(Color::Red),
+        text(" world! ")
+    });
+    auto screen = Screen::Create(Dimension::Full(), Dimension::Fit(document));
+    Render(screen, document);
+    std::cout << screen.ToString() << std::endl;
+    return 0;
+}
+```
+
+If the test is successful, you can then create a `CMakeLists.txt` file in the project directory:
+
+```cmake
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.20)
+project(ftxui-demo)
+
+# Set the C++ standard
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 20)
+
+# Find the FTXUI package installed via Conan
+find_package(ftxui CONFIG REQUIRED)
+
+# Create the executable
+add_executable(demo demo.cpp)
+
+# Link the executable to the FTXUI library
+target_link_libraries(demo PRIVATE ftxui::component)
+```
+
+@todo 中国大陆在这方面的下载可能会受限制，需要一个替代的方案
+
+---
 
 <div class="section_buttons">
 

doc/installation_manual.md

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ Clone and build the project using CMake:
 ```bash
 git clone https://github.com/ArthurSonzogni/FTXUI.git
 cd FTXUI
-cmake -S . -B build -DFTXUI_ENABLE_INSTALL=ON -D
+cmake -S . -B build -D FTXUI_ENABLE_INSTALL=ON
 cmake --build build -j
 sudo cmake --install build
 ```

doc/posix_pipe.md

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+# POSIX Piped Input in FTXUI
+
+> [!WARNING]
+> This feature works only on Linux and macOS. It is not supported on
+> Windows and WebAssembly.
+
+## What is a POSIX Pipe?
+
+A POSIX pipe is a way for two separate programs to communicate. One program sends its output directly as input to another program. Think of it like a one-way tube for data.
+
+**Example:**
+
+Imagine you want to list files and then filter them interactively.
+
+- `ls`: Lists files.
+- `interactive_grep`: An FTXUI application that filters text and lets you type.
+
+You can connect them with a pipe (`|`):
+
+```bash
+ls -l | interactive_grep
+```
+
+Here's what happens:
+1. `ls -l` lists files with details.
+2. The `|` sends this list directly to `interactive_grep`.
+3. `interactive_grep` receives the list and displays it. Because it's an FTXUI app, you can then type to filter the list, even though it received initial data from `ls`.
+
+## How FTXUI Handles Piped Input
+
+Now that you understand what a POSIX pipe is, let's look at how FTXUI uses them.
+
+FTXUI lets your application read data from other programs (like from a pipe) while still allowing you to use your keyboard for interaction. This is useful for interactive command-line tools that process data.
+
+Normally, FTXUI applications receive all input from `stdin`. However, when FTXUI detects that `stdin` is connected to the output of a pipe (meaning data is being piped into your application), it automatically switches to reading interactive keyboard input from `/dev/tty`. This ensures that your application can still receive user input even while processing piped data.
+
+This feature is **turned on by default**.
+
+If your FTXUI application needs to read piped data and also respond to keyboard input, you typically don't need to do anything special:
+
+```cpp
+auto screen = ScreenInteractive::Fullscreen();
+// screen.HandlePipedInput(true); // This is enabled by default
+screen.Loop(component);
+```
+
+
+## Turning Off Piped Input
+
+If you don't need this feature, or if it conflicts with your custom input handling, you can turn it off.
+
+To disable it, call `HandlePipedInput(false)` before starting your application's main loop:
+
+```cpp
+auto screen = ScreenInteractive::Fullscreen();
+screen.HandlePipedInput(false); // Turn off piped input handling
+screen.Loop(component);
+```

examples/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -15,16 +15,14 @@ add_subdirectory(component)
 add_subdirectory(dom)
 
 if (EMSCRIPTEN)
-  string(APPEND CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS " -s ALLOW_MEMORY_GROWTH=1")
-  target_link_options(component PUBLIC "SHELL: -s ALLOW_MEMORY_GROWTH=1")
-
   get_property(EXAMPLES GLOBAL PROPERTY FTXUI::EXAMPLES)
   foreach(file
+      "index.css"
       "index.html"
       "index.mjs"
-      "index.css"
+      "run_webassembly.py"
       "sw.js"
-      "run_webassembly.py")
+  )
     configure_file(${file} ${file})
   endforeach(file)
 endif()

examples/component/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ example(radiobox)
 example(radiobox_in_frame)
 example(renderer)
 example(resizable_split)
+example(resizable_split_clamp)
 example(scrollbar)
 example(selection)
 example(slider)

examples/component/button.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,64 @@
-#include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"
-#include "ftxui/component/screen_interactive.hpp"
+// Copyright 2020 Arthur Sonzogni. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by the MIT license that can be found in
+// the LICENSE file.
+#include <memory>  // for shared_ptr, __shared_ptr_access
+#include <string>  // for operator+, to_string
 
-int main(){
-    auto screen = ftxui::ScreenInteractive::Fullscreen();
-    auto testComponent = ftxui::Renderer([](){return ftxui::text("test Component");});
-    screen.Loop(testComponent);
+#include "ftxui/component/captured_mouse.hpp"  // for ftxui
+#include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"  // for Button, Horizontal, Renderer
+#include "ftxui/component/component_base.hpp"      // for ComponentBase
+#include "ftxui/component/screen_interactive.hpp"  // for ScreenInteractive
+#include "ftxui/dom/elements.hpp"  // for separator, gauge, text, Element, operator|, vbox, border
+
+using namespace ftxui;
+
+// This is a helper function to create a button with a custom style.
+// The style is defined by a lambda function that takes an EntryState and
+// returns an Element.
+// We are using `center` to center the text inside the button, then `border` to
+// add a border around the button, and finally `flex` to make the button fill
+// the available space.
+ButtonOption Style() {
+  auto option = ButtonOption::Animated();
+  option.transform = [](const EntryState& s) {
+    auto element = text(s.label);
+    if (s.focused) {
+      element |= bold;
+    }
+    return element | center | borderEmpty | flex;
+  };
+  return option;
+}
+
+int main() {
+  int value = 50;
+
+  // clang-format off
+  auto btn_dec_01 = Button("-1", [&] { value -= 1; }, Style());
+  auto btn_inc_01 = Button("+1", [&] { value += 1; }, Style());
+  auto btn_dec_10 = Button("-10", [&] { value -= 10; }, Style());
+  auto btn_inc_10 = Button("+10", [&] { value += 10; }, Style());
+  // clang-format on
+
+  // The tree of components. This defines how to navigate using the keyboard.
+  // The selected `row` is shared to get a grid layout.
+  int row = 0;
+  auto buttons = Container::Vertical({
+      Container::Horizontal({btn_dec_01, btn_inc_01}, &row) | flex,
+      Container::Horizontal({btn_dec_10, btn_inc_10}, &row) | flex,
+  });
+
+  // Modify the way to render them on screen:
+  auto component = Renderer(buttons, [&] {
+    return vbox({
+               text("value = " + std::to_string(value)),
+               separator(),
+               buttons->Render() | flex,
+           }) |
+           flex | border;
+  });
+
+  auto screen = ScreenInteractive::FitComponent();
+  screen.Loop(component);
   return 0;
 }

examples/component/canvas_animated.cpp

@@ -133,8 +133,9 @@ int main() {
       float dy = 50.f;
       ys[x] = int(dy + 20 * cos(dx * 0.14) + 10 * sin(dx * 0.42));
     }
-    for (int x = 1; x < 99; x++)
+    for (int x = 1; x < 99; x++) {
       c.DrawPointLine(x, ys[x], x + 1, ys[x + 1]);
+    }
 
     return canvas(std::move(c));
   });

examples/component/flexbox_gallery.cpp

@@ -82,10 +82,12 @@ int main() {
                    size(WIDTH, EQUAL, dimx) | size(HEIGHT, EQUAL, dimy) |
                    bgcolor(Color::HSV(index * 25, 255, 255)) |
                    color(Color::Black);
-    if (element_xflex_grow)
+    if (element_xflex_grow) {
       element = element | xflex_grow;
-    if (element_yflex_grow)
+    }
+    if (element_yflex_grow) {
       element = element | yflex_grow;
+    }
     return element;
   };
 
@@ -119,10 +121,12 @@ int main() {
 
     group = group | notflex;
 
-    if (!group_xflex_grow)
+    if (!group_xflex_grow) {
       group = hbox(group, filler());
-    if (!group_yflex_grow)
+    }
+    if (!group_yflex_grow) {
       group = vbox(group, filler());
+    }
 
     group = group | flex;
     return group;

examples/component/homescreen.cpp

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include <atomic>    // for atomic
 #include <chrono>    // for operator""s, chrono_literals
 #include <cmath>     // for sin
+#include <ftxui/component/loop.hpp>
 #include <functional>  // for ref, reference_wrapper, function
 #include <memory>      // for allocator, shared_ptr, __shared_ptr_access
 #include <string>  // for string, basic_string, char_traits, operator+, to_string
@@ -269,7 +270,7 @@ int main() {
   auto spinner_tab_renderer = Renderer([&] {
     Elements entries;
     for (int i = 0; i < 22; ++i) {
-      entries.push_back(spinner(i, shift / 2) | bold |
+      entries.push_back(spinner(i, shift / 5) | bold |
                         size(WIDTH, GREATER_THAN, 2) | border);
     }
     return hflow(std::move(entries));
@@ -512,24 +513,20 @@ int main() {
     });
   });
 
-  std::atomic<bool> refresh_ui_continue = true;
-  std::thread refresh_ui([&] {
-    while (refresh_ui_continue) {
-      using namespace std::chrono_literals;
-      std::this_thread::sleep_for(0.05s);
-      // The |shift| variable belong to the main thread. `screen.Post(task)`
-      // will execute the update on the thread where |screen| lives (e.g. the
-      // main thread). Using `screen.Post(task)` is threadsafe.
-      screen.Post([&] { shift++; });
-      // After updating the state, request a new frame to be drawn. This is done
-      // by simulating a new "custom" event to be handled.
-      screen.Post(Event::Custom);
-    }
-  });
+  Loop loop(&screen, main_renderer);
+  while (!loop.HasQuitted()) {
+    // Update the state of the application.
+    shift++;
 
-  screen.Loop(main_renderer);
-  refresh_ui_continue = false;
-  refresh_ui.join();
+    // Request a new frame to be drawn.
+    screen.RequestAnimationFrame();
+
+    // Execute events, and draw the next frame.
+    loop.RunOnce();
+
+    // Sleep for a short duration to control the frame rate (60 FPS).
+    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(1000 / 60));
+  }
 
   return 0;
 }

examples/component/menu_entries.cpp

@@ -22,10 +22,12 @@ MenuEntryOption Colored(ftxui::Color c) {
   option.transform = [c](EntryState state) {
     state.label = (state.active ? "> " : "  ") + state.label;
     Element e = text(state.label) | color(c);
-    if (state.focused)
+    if (state.focused) {
       e = e | inverted;
-    if (state.active)
+    }
+    if (state.active) {
       e = e | bold;
+    }
     return e;
   };
   return option;

examples/component/menu_in_frame.cpp

@@ -17,8 +17,9 @@ int main() {
   std::vector<std::string> entries;
   int selected = 0;
 
-  for (int i = 0; i < 30; ++i)
+  for (int i = 0; i < 30; ++i) {
     entries.push_back("Entry " + std::to_string(i));
+  }
   auto radiobox = Menu(&entries, &selected);
   auto renderer = Renderer(radiobox, [&] {
     return radiobox->Render() | vscroll_indicator | frame |

examples/component/menu_in_frame_horizontal.cpp

@@ -17,8 +17,9 @@ int main() {
   std::vector<std::string> entries;
   int selected = 0;
 
-  for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i)
+  for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
     entries.push_back(std::to_string(i));
+  }
   auto radiobox = Menu(&entries, &selected, MenuOption::Horizontal());
   auto renderer = Renderer(
       radiobox, [&] { return radiobox->Render() | hscroll_indicator | frame; });

examples/component/menu_style.cpp

@@ -116,10 +116,12 @@ Component VMenu1(std::vector<std::string>* entries, int* selected) {
   option.entries_option.transform = [](EntryState state) {
     state.label = (state.active ? "> " : "  ") + state.label;
     Element e = text(state.label);
-    if (state.focused)
+    if (state.focused) {
       e = e | bgcolor(Color::Blue);
-    if (state.active)
+    }
+    if (state.active) {
       e = e | bold;
+    }
     return e;
   };
   return Menu(entries, selected, option);
@@ -130,10 +132,12 @@ Component VMenu2(std::vector<std::string>* entries, int* selected) {
   option.entries_option.transform = [](EntryState state) {
     state.label += (state.active ? " <" : "  ");
     Element e = hbox(filler(), text(state.label));
-    if (state.focused)
+    if (state.focused) {
       e = e | bgcolor(Color::Red);
-    if (state.active)
+    }
+    if (state.active) {
       e = e | bold;
+    }
     return e;
   };
   return Menu(entries, selected, option);
@@ -144,13 +148,16 @@ Component VMenu3(std::vector<std::string>* entries, int* selected) {
   option.entries_option.transform = [](EntryState state) {
     Element e = state.active ? text("[" + state.label + "]")
                              : text(" " + state.label + " ");
-    if (state.focused)
+    if (state.focused) {
       e = e | bold;
+    }
 
-    if (state.focused)
+    if (state.focused) {
       e = e | color(Color::Blue);
-    if (state.active)
+    }
+    if (state.active) {
       e = e | bold;
+    }
     return e;
   };
   return Menu(entries, selected, option);
@@ -245,10 +252,12 @@ Component HMenu5(std::vector<std::string>* entries, int* selected) {
                                 animation::easing::ElasticOut);
   option.entries_option.transform = [](EntryState state) {
     Element e = text(state.label) | hcenter | flex;
-    if (state.active && state.focused)
+    if (state.active && state.focused) {
       e = e | bold;
-    if (!state.focused && !state.active)
+    }
+    if (!state.focused && !state.active) {
       e = e | dim;
+    }
     return e;
   };
   option.underline.color_inactive = Color::Default;

examples/component/menu_underline_animated_gallery.cpp

@@ -20,8 +20,9 @@ using namespace ftxui;
 Component DummyComponent(int id) {
   return Renderer([id](bool focused) {
     auto t = text("component " + std::to_string(id));
-    if (focused)
+    if (focused) {
       t = t | inverted;
+    }
     return t;
   });
 }

examples/component/radiobox_in_frame.cpp

@@ -17,8 +17,9 @@ int main() {
   std::vector<std::string> entries;
   int selected = 0;
 
-  for (int i = 0; i < 30; ++i)
+  for (int i = 0; i < 30; ++i) {
     entries.push_back("RadioBox " + std::to_string(i));
+  }
   auto radiobox = Radiobox(&entries, &selected);
   auto renderer = Renderer(radiobox, [&] {
     return radiobox->Render() | vscroll_indicator | frame |

examples/component/renderer.cpp

@@ -19,10 +19,11 @@ int main() {
 
   // 1. Example of focusable renderer:
   auto renderer_focusable = Renderer([](bool focused) {
-    if (focused)
+    if (focused) {
       return text("FOCUSABLE RENDERER()") | center | bold | border;
-    else
+    } else {
       return text(" Focusable renderer() ") | center | border;
+    }
   });
 
   // 2. Examples of a non focusable renderer.
@@ -33,10 +34,11 @@ int main() {
   // 3. Renderer can wrap other components to redefine their Render() function.
   auto button = Button("Wrapped quit button", screen.ExitLoopClosure());
   auto renderer_wrap = Renderer(button, [&] {
-    if (button->Focused())
+    if (button->Focused()) {
       return button->Render() | bold | color(Color::Red);
-    else
+    } else {
       return button->Render();
+    }
   });
 
   // Let's renderer everyone:

examples/component/resizable_split.cpp

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 // the LICENSE file.
 #include <memory>  // for shared_ptr, allocator, __shared_ptr_access
 
-#include "ftxui/component/captured_mouse.hpp"  // for ftxui
 #include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"  // for Renderer, ResizableSplitBottom, ResizableSplitLeft, ResizableSplitRight, ResizableSplitTop
 #include "ftxui/component/component_base.hpp"      // for ComponentBase
 #include "ftxui/component/screen_interactive.hpp"  // for ScreenInteractive
@@ -14,17 +13,24 @@ using namespace ftxui;
 int main() {
   auto screen = ScreenInteractive::Fullscreen();
 
-  auto middle = Renderer([] { return text("middle") | center; });
-  auto left = Renderer([] { return text("Left") | center; });
-  auto right = Renderer([] { return text("right") | center; });
-  auto top = Renderer([] { return text("top") | center; });
-  auto bottom = Renderer([] { return text("bottom") | center; });
-
+  // State:
   int left_size = 20;
   int right_size = 20;
   int top_size = 10;
   int bottom_size = 10;
 
+  // Renderers:
+  auto RendererInfo = [](const std::string& name, int* size) {
+    return Renderer([name, size] {
+      return text(name + ": " + std::to_string(*size)) | center;
+    });
+  };
+  auto middle = Renderer([] { return text("Middle") | center; });
+  auto left = RendererInfo("Left", &left_size);
+  auto right = RendererInfo("Right", &right_size);
+  auto top = RendererInfo("Top", &top_size);
+  auto bottom = RendererInfo("Bottom", &bottom_size);
+
   auto container = middle;
   container = ResizableSplitLeft(left, container, &left_size);
   container = ResizableSplitRight(right, container, &right_size);

examples/component/resizable_split_clamp.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+// Copyright 2025 Arthur Sonzogni. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by the MIT license that can be found in
+// the LICENSE file.
+#include <memory>  // for shared_ptr, allocator, __shared_ptr_access
+
+#include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"  // for Renderer, ResizableSplitBottom, ResizableSplitLeft, ResizableSplitRight, ResizableSplitTop
+#include "ftxui/component/component_base.hpp"      // for ComponentBase
+#include "ftxui/component/screen_interactive.hpp"  // for ScreenInteractive
+#include "ftxui/dom/elements.hpp"  // for Element, operator|, text, center, border
+
+using namespace ftxui;
+
+int main() {
+  auto screen = ScreenInteractive::Fullscreen();
+
+  // State:
+  int size = 40;
+  int size_min = 10;
+  int size_max = 80;
+
+  // Renderers:
+  auto split = ResizableSplit({
+      .main = Renderer([] { return text("Left") | center; }),
+      .back = Renderer([] { return text("Right") | center; }),
+      .direction = Direction::Left,
+      .main_size = &size,
+      .min = &size_min,
+      .max = &size_max,
+  });
+
+  auto renderer = Renderer(split, [&] {
+    return window(text("Drag the separator with the mouse"),
+                  vbox({
+                      text("Min:  " + std::to_string(size_min)),
+                      text("Max:  " + std::to_string(size_max)),
+                      text("Size: " + std::to_string(size)),
+                      separator(),
+                      split->Render() | flex,
+                  }));
+  });
+
+  screen.Loop(renderer);
+}

examples/dom/canvas.cpp

@@ -32,10 +32,12 @@ int main() {
 
   // Plot a function:
   std::vector<int> ys(100);
-  for (int x = 0; x < 100; x++)
+  for (int x = 0; x < 100; x++) {
     ys[x] = int(80 + 20 * cos(x * 0.2));
-  for (int x = 0; x < 99; x++)
+  }
+  for (int x = 0; x < 99; x++) {
     c.DrawPointLine(x, ys[x], x + 1, ys[x + 1], Color::Red);
+  }
 
   auto document = canvas(&c) | border;
 

examples/dom/package_manager.cpp

@@ -86,8 +86,9 @@ int main() {
 
   auto render = [&]() {
     std::vector<Element> entries;
-    for (auto& task : displayed_task)
+    for (auto& task : displayed_task) {
       entries.push_back(renderTask(task));
+    }
 
     return vbox({
         // List of tasks.
@@ -138,8 +139,9 @@ int main() {
     std::this_thread::sleep_for(0.01s);
 
     // Exit
-    if (nb_active + nb_queued == 0)
+    if (nb_active + nb_queued == 0) {
       break;
+    }
 
     // Update the model for the next frame.
     updateModel();

examples/dom/spinner.cpp

@@ -21,8 +21,9 @@ int main() {
   for (int index = 0; index < 200; ++index) {
     std::vector<Element> entries;
     for (int i = 0; i < 23; ++i) {
-      if (i != 0)
+      if (i != 0) {
         entries.push_back(separator());
+      }
       entries.push_back(  //
           hbox({
               text(std::to_string(i)) | size(WIDTH, EQUAL, 2),

examples/index.css

@@ -1,15 +1,19 @@
 @import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Khula:700);
 
+html {
+  --toc-width: 250px;
+}
+
 body {
-  background-color:#EEE;
-  padding:0px;
-  margin:0px;
+  background-color: #EEE;
+  padding: 0px;
+  margin: 0px;
   font-family: Khula, Helvetica, sans-serif;
   font-size: 130%;
 }
 
 .page {
-  max-width:1300px;
+  max-width: 1300px;
   margin: auto;
   padding: 10px;
 }
@@ -30,45 +34,48 @@ a:hover {
 
 h1 {
   text-decoration: underline;
-  width:100%;
-  background-color: rgba(100,100,255,0.5);
+  width: 100%;
+  background-color: rgba(100, 100, 255, 0.5);
   padding: 10px;
   margin: 0;
 }
 
 
 #selectExample {
-  flex:1;
+  flex: 1;
 }
 
-#selectExample, #selectExample option {
+#selectExample,
+#selectExample option {
   font-size: 16px;
   font-family: sans-serif;
   font-weight: 700;
   line-height: 1.3;
-  border:0px;
+  border: 0px;
   background-color: #bbb;
-  color:black;
+  color: black;
 }
 
 #selectExample:focus {
-  outline:none;
+  outline: none;
 }
 
 #terminal {
-  width:100%;
+  width: 100%;
   height 500px;
   height: calc(clamp(200px, 100vh - 300px, 900px));
   overflow: hidden;
-  border:none;
-  background-color:black;
+  border: none;
+  padding: 10px;
+  margin: 10px;
 }
 
 #terminalContainer {
   overflow: hidden;
   border-radius: 10px;
-  box-shadow: 0px 2px 10px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.75),
-  0px 2px 80px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.50);
+  box-shadow: 0px 2px 10px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.75),
+    0px 2px 80px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.50);
+  background-color: black;
 }
 
 .fakeButtons {
@@ -76,7 +83,7 @@ h1 {
   width: 10px;
   border-radius: 50%;
   border: 1px solid #000;
-  margin:6px;
+  margin: 6px;
   background-color: #ff3b47;
   border-color: #9d252b;
   display: inline-block;
@@ -95,13 +102,79 @@ h1 {
 }
 
 .fakeMenu {
-  display:flex;
+  display: flex;
   flex-direction: row;
-  width:100%;
+  width: 100%;
   box-sizing: border-box;
   height: 25px;
   background-color: #bbb;
-  color:black;
+  color: black;
   margin: 0 auto;
   overflow: hidden;
 }
+
+.toc-container {
+  position: fixed;
+  left: 0;
+  top: 0;
+  bottom: 0;
+  width: var(--toc-width);
+  background: white;
+  padding: 0;
+  overflow-y: auto;
+  overflow-x: hidden;
+  scrollbar-width: thin;
+}
+
+.toc-title {
+  font-weight: bold;
+  margin-bottom: 5px;
+  font-size: 0.9em;
+  color: #555;
+
+  position: sticky;
+  transition: position 1.0s ease-in-out;
+  top: 0;
+  z-index: 1;
+  padding: 20px;
+  margin: 0;
+
+  border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;
+
+  /* Gradient background for the title */
+  background-color: #f0f0f0;
+}
+
+.toc-item {
+  padding: 3px 8px;
+  margin: 0;
+  cursor: pointer;
+  font-size: 0.85em;
+  border-radius: 3px;
+  transition: background 0.2s;
+}
+
+.toc-item:hover {
+  background: #f0f0f0;
+}
+
+.toc-item.selected {
+  background: #e0e0e0;
+  font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+@media (max-width: 1024px) {
+  .toc-container {
+    display: none;
+  }
+
+  .page {
+    margin-left: 0;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 1025px) {
+  .page {
+    margin-left: calc(var(--toc-width) + 20px);
+  }
+}

examples/index.html

@@ -9,13 +9,18 @@
     <script type="module" src="index.mjs"></script>
   </head>
   <body>
+    <div class="toc-container">
+      <div class="toc-list"></div>
+    </div>
     <script id="example_script"></script>
 
     <div class="page">
       <p>
         <a href="https://github.com/ArthurSonzogni/FTXUI">FTXUI</a> is a simple
         functional C++ library for terminal user interface. <br/>
-        This showcases the: <a href="https://github.com/ArthurSonzogni/FTXUI/tree/master/examples">./example/</a> folder. <br/>
+        This showcases the: <a
+          href="https://github.com/ArthurSonzogni/FTXUI/tree/master/examples">./example/</a>
+        folder. See <a id="source">source</a>.
       </p>
 
       <div id="terminalContainer">

examples/index.mjs

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ const stdout = code => {
 const stderr = code => {
   if (code == 0 || code == 10) {
     console.error(String.fromCodePoint(...stderr_buffer));
-    stderr_buffer = [];
+    stderr_buffer.length = 0;
   } else {
     stderr_buffer.push(code)
   }
@@ -89,12 +89,72 @@ window.Module = {
     const resize_observer = new ResizeObserver(resize_handler);
     resize_observer.observe(term_element);
     resize_handler();
-
-    // Disable scrollbar
-    //term.write('\x1b[?47h')
   },
 };
 
+const source = document.querySelector("#source");
+source.href = "https://github.com/ArthurSonzogni/FTXUI/blob/main/examples/" + example + ".cpp";
+
 const words = example.split('/')
 words[1] = "ftxui_example_" + words[1] + ".js"
 document.querySelector("#example_script").src = words.join('/');
+
+
+// Table of Contents (TOC) for quick navigation.
+
+// Get select element
+const selectEl = document.querySelector('select#selectExample');
+if (!selectEl) {
+  console.error('select#selectExample not found');
+} else {
+  // Get TOC container
+  const tocContainer = document.querySelector('.toc-container');
+  const tocList = tocContainer.querySelector('.toc-list');
+
+  // Group options by directory
+  const groupedOptions = Array.from(selectEl.options).reduce((acc, option) => {
+    const [dir, file] = option.text.split('/');
+    if (!acc[dir]) {
+      acc[dir] = [];
+    }
+    acc[dir].push({ option, file });
+    return acc;
+  }, {});
+
+  // Generate TOC items
+  for (const dir in groupedOptions) {
+    const dirContainer = document.createElement('div');
+
+    const dirHeader = document.createElement('div');
+    dirHeader.textContent = dir;
+    dirHeader.className = 'toc-title';
+    dirContainer.appendChild(dirHeader);
+
+    groupedOptions[dir].forEach(({ option, file }) => {
+      const tocItem = document.createElement('div');
+      tocItem.textContent = file;
+      tocItem.className = 'toc-item';
+
+      if (selectEl.options[selectEl.selectedIndex].value === option.value) {
+        tocItem.classList.add('selected');
+      }
+
+      // Click handler
+      tocItem.addEventListener('click', () => {
+        for(let i=0; i<selectEl.options.length; ++i) {
+          if (selectEl.options[i].value == option.value) {
+            selectEl.selectedIndex = i;
+            break;
+          }
+        }
+
+        history.pushState({}, "", "?file=" + option.value);
+        location.reload();
+      });
+
+      dirContainer.appendChild(tocItem);
+    });
+
+    tocList.appendChild(dirContainer);
+  }
+}''

flake.lock

@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@
         "systems": "systems"
       },
       "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1694529238,
-        "narHash": "sha256-zsNZZGTGnMOf9YpHKJqMSsa0dXbfmxeoJ7xHlrt+xmY=",
+        "lastModified": 1731533236,
+        "narHash": "sha256-l0KFg5HjrsfsO/JpG+r7fRrqm12kzFHyUHqHCVpMMbI=",
         "owner": "numtide",
         "repo": "flake-utils",
-        "rev": "ff7b65b44d01cf9ba6a71320833626af21126384",
+        "rev": "11707dc2f618dd54ca8739b309ec4fc024de578b",
         "type": "github"
       },
       "original": {
@@ -20,11 +20,11 @@
     },
     "nixpkgs": {
       "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1697915759,
-        "narHash": "sha256-WyMj5jGcecD+KC8gEs+wFth1J1wjisZf8kVZH13f1Zo=",
+        "lastModified": 1765644376,
+        "narHash": "sha256-yqHBL2wYGwjGL2GUF2w3tofWl8qO9tZEuI4wSqbCrtE=",
         "owner": "NixOS",
         "repo": "nixpkgs",
-        "rev": "51d906d2341c9e866e48c2efcaac0f2d70bfd43e",
+        "rev": "23735a82a828372c4ef92c660864e82fbe2f5fbe",
         "type": "github"
       },
       "original": {

flake.nix

@@ -12,15 +12,9 @@
     let llvm = pkgs.llvmPackages_latest; in
     {
       packages = rec {
-        default = pkgs.stdenv.mkDerivation rec {
-          pname = "ftxui";
-          version = "v4.0.0";
-          src = pkgs.fetchFromGitHub {
-            owner = "ArthurSonzogni";
-            repo = "FTXUI";
-            rev = version;
-            sha256 = "sha256-3kAhHDUwzwdvHc8JZAcA14tGqa6w69qrN1JXhSxNBQY=";
-          };
+        default = pkgs.stdenv.mkDerivation {
+          name = "ftxui";
+          src = ./.;
 
           nativeBuildInputs = [
             pkgs.cmake

include/ftxui/component/component.hpp

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include <memory>      // for make_shared, shared_ptr
 #include <utility>     // for forward
 
+#include <ftxui/util/warn_windows_macro.hpp>
 #include "ftxui/component/component_base.hpp"  // for Component, Components
 #include "ftxui/component/component_options.hpp"  // for ButtonOption, CheckboxOption, MenuOption
 #include "ftxui/dom/elements.hpp"  // for Element

include/ftxui/component/component_options.hpp

@@ -9,7 +9,9 @@
 #include <ftxui/dom/direction.hpp>  // for Direction, Direction::Left, Direction::Right, Direction::Down
 #include <ftxui/dom/elements.hpp>  // for Element, separator
 #include <ftxui/util/ref.hpp>      // for Ref, ConstRef, StringRef
+#include <ftxui/util/warn_windows_macro.hpp>
 #include <functional>  // for function
+#include <limits>      // for numeric_limits
 #include <string>      // for string
 
 #include "ftxui/component/component_base.hpp"  // for Component
@@ -216,6 +218,10 @@ struct ResizableSplitOption {
       (direction() == Direction::Left || direction() == Direction::Right) ? 20
                                                                           : 10;
   std::function<Element()> separator_func = [] { return ::ftxui::separator(); };
+
+  // Constraints on main_size:
+  Ref<int> min = 0;
+  Ref<int> max = std::numeric_limits<int>::max();
 };
 
 // @brief Option for the `Slider` component.

include/ftxui/component/event.hpp

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 
 #include <ftxui/component/mouse.hpp>  // for Mouse
 #include <string>                     // for string, operator==
+#include <string_view>
 
 namespace ftxui {
 
@@ -28,13 +29,13 @@ class ComponentBase;
 /// @ingroup component
 struct Event {
   // --- Constructor section ---------------------------------------------------
-  static Event Character(std::string);
+  static Event Character(std::string_view);
   static Event Character(char);
   static Event Character(wchar_t);
-  static Event Special(std::string);
-  static Event Mouse(std::string, Mouse mouse);
-  static Event CursorPosition(std::string, int x, int y);  // Internal
-  static Event CursorShape(std::string, int shape);        // Internal
+  static Event Special(std::string_view);
+  static Event Mouse(std::string_view, Mouse mouse);
+  static Event CursorPosition(std::string_view, int x, int y);  // Internal
+  static Event CursorShape(std::string_view, int shape);        // Internal
 
   // --- Arrow ---
   static const Event ArrowLeft;

include/ftxui/component/receiver.hpp

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include <algorithm>           // for copy, max
 #include <atomic>              // for atomic, __atomic_base
 #include <condition_variable>  // for condition_variable
+#include <ftxui/util/warn_windows_macro.hpp>
 #include <memory>   // for unique_ptr, make_unique
 #include <mutex>    // for mutex, unique_lock
 #include <queue>    // for queue
@@ -14,6 +15,8 @@
 
 namespace ftxui {
 
+// Deprecated
+//
 // Usage:
 //
 // Initialization:
@@ -39,17 +42,24 @@ namespace ftxui {
 // Receiver::Receive() returns true when there are no more senders.
 
 // clang-format off
+// Deprecated:
 template<class T> class SenderImpl;
+// Deprecated:
 template<class T> class ReceiverImpl;
+// Deprecated:
 
+// Deprecated:
 template<class T> using Sender = std::unique_ptr<SenderImpl<T>>;
+// Deprecated:
 template<class T> using Receiver = std::unique_ptr<ReceiverImpl<T>>;
+// Deprecated:
 template<class T> Receiver<T> MakeReceiver();
 // clang-format on
 
 // ---- Implementation part ----
 
 template <class T>
+// Deprecated:
 class SenderImpl {
  public:
   SenderImpl(const SenderImpl&) = delete;

include/ftxui/component/screen_interactive.hpp

@@ -5,11 +5,9 @@
 #define FTXUI_COMPONENT_SCREEN_INTERACTIVE_HPP
 
 #include <atomic>      // for atomic
-#include <ftxui/component/receiver.hpp>  // for Receiver, Sender
 #include <functional>  // for function
 #include <memory>      // for shared_ptr
 #include <string>      // for string
-#include <thread>                        // for thread
 
 #include "ftxui/component/animation.hpp"       // for TimePoint
 #include "ftxui/component/captured_mouse.hpp"  // for CapturedMouse
@@ -26,6 +24,10 @@ struct Event;
 using Component = std::shared_ptr<ComponentBase>;
 class ScreenInteractivePrivate;
 
+namespace task {
+class TaskRunner;
+}
+
 /// @brief ScreenInteractive is a `Screen` that can handle events, run a main
 /// loop, and manage components.
 ///
@@ -40,8 +42,12 @@ class ScreenInteractive : public Screen {
   static ScreenInteractive FitComponent();
   static ScreenInteractive TerminalOutput();
 
+  // Destructor.
+  ~ScreenInteractive() override;
+
   // Options. Must be called before Loop().
   void TrackMouse(bool enable = true);
+  void HandlePipedInput(bool enable = true);
 
   // Return the currently active screen, nullptr if none.
   static ScreenInteractive* Active();
@@ -95,8 +101,14 @@ class ScreenInteractive : public Screen {
   void Draw(Component component);
   void ResetCursorPosition();
 
+  void InstallPipedInputHandling();
+
   void Signal(int signal);
 
+  void FetchTerminalEvents();
+
+  void PostAnimationTask();
+
   ScreenInteractive* suspended_screen_ = nullptr;
   enum class Dimension {
     FitComponent,
@@ -108,20 +120,16 @@ class ScreenInteractive : public Screen {
                     int dimx,
                     int dimy,
                     bool use_alternative_screen);
+
   const Dimension dimension_;
   const bool use_alternative_screen_;
 
   bool track_mouse_ = true;
 
-  Sender<Task> task_sender_;
-  Receiver<Task> task_receiver_;
-
   std::string set_cursor_position;
   std::string reset_cursor_position;
 
   std::atomic<bool> quit_{false};
-  std::thread event_listener_;
-  std::thread animation_listener_;
   bool animation_requested_ = false;
   animation::TimePoint previous_animation_time_;
 
@@ -137,6 +145,11 @@ class ScreenInteractive : public Screen {
   bool force_handle_ctrl_c_ = true;
   bool force_handle_ctrl_z_ = true;
 
+  // Piped input handling state (POSIX only)
+  bool handle_piped_input_ = true;
+  // File descriptor for /dev/tty, used for piped input handling.
+  int tty_fd_ = -1;
+
   // The style of the cursor to restore on exit.
   int cursor_reset_shape_ = 1;
 
@@ -156,8 +169,14 @@ class ScreenInteractive : public Screen {
   std::unique_ptr<Selection> selection_;
   std::function<void()> selection_on_change_;
 
+  // PIMPL private implementation idiom (Pimpl).
+  struct Internal;
+  std::unique_ptr<Internal> internal_;
+
   friend class Loop;
 
+  Component component_;
+
  public:
   class Private {
    public:

include/ftxui/dom/canvas.hpp

@@ -106,9 +106,9 @@ struct Canvas {
   // Draw using character of size 2x4 at position (x,y)
   // x is considered to be a multiple of 2.
   // y is considered to be a multiple of 4.
-  void DrawText(int x, int y, const std::string& value);
-  void DrawText(int x, int y, const std::string& value, const Color& color);
-  void DrawText(int x, int y, const std::string& value, const Stylizer& style);
+  void DrawText(int x, int y, std::string_view value);
+  void DrawText(int x, int y, std::string_view value, const Color& color);
+  void DrawText(int x, int y, std::string_view value, const Stylizer& style);
 
   // Draw using directly pixels or images --------------------------------------
   // x is considered to be a multiple of 2.

include/ftxui/dom/elements.hpp

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include <functional>
 #include <memory>
 
+#include <string_view>
 #include "ftxui/dom/canvas.hpp"
 #include "ftxui/dom/direction.hpp"
 #include "ftxui/dom/flexbox_config.hpp"
@@ -51,8 +52,8 @@ Elements operator|(Elements, Decorator);
 Decorator operator|(Decorator, Decorator);
 
 // --- Widget ---
-Element text(std::string text);
-Element vtext(std::string text);
+Element text(std::string_view text);
+Element vtext(std::string_view text);
 Element separator();
 Element separatorLight();
 Element separatorDashed();
@@ -61,7 +62,7 @@ Element separatorDouble();
 Element separatorEmpty();
 Element separatorStyled(BorderStyle);
 Element separator(Pixel);
-Element separatorCharacter(std::string);
+Element separatorCharacter(std::string_view);
 Element separatorHSelector(float left,
                            float right,
                            Color unselected_color,
@@ -89,11 +90,11 @@ Decorator borderStyled(Color);
 Decorator borderWith(const Pixel&);
 Element window(Element title, Element content, BorderStyle border = ROUNDED);
 Element spinner(int charset_index, size_t image_index);
-Element paragraph(const std::string& text);
-Element paragraphAlignLeft(const std::string& text);
-Element paragraphAlignRight(const std::string& text);
-Element paragraphAlignCenter(const std::string& text);
-Element paragraphAlignJustify(const std::string& text);
+Element paragraph(std::string_view text);
+Element paragraphAlignLeft(std::string_view text);
+Element paragraphAlignRight(std::string_view text);
+Element paragraphAlignCenter(std::string_view text);
+Element paragraphAlignJustify(std::string_view text);
 Element graph(GraphFunction);
 Element emptyElement();
 Element canvas(ConstRef<Canvas>);
@@ -120,8 +121,8 @@ Element bgcolor(const LinearGradient&, Element);
 Decorator focusPosition(int x, int y);
 Decorator focusPositionRelative(float x, float y);
 Element automerge(Element child);
-Decorator hyperlink(std::string link);
-Element hyperlink(std::string link, Element child);
+Decorator hyperlink(std::string_view link);
+Element hyperlink(std::string_view link, Element child);
 Element selectionStyleReset(Element);
 Decorator selectionColor(Color foreground);
 Decorator selectionBackgroundColor(Color foreground);

include/ftxui/dom/flexbox_config.hpp

@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
 
 namespace ftxui {
 
-
 /// @brief FlexboxConfig is a configuration structure that defines the layout
 /// properties for a flexbox container.
 //

include/ftxui/dom/selection.hpp

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ class Selection {
   Selection SaturateVertical(Box box);
   bool IsEmpty() const { return empty_; }
 
-  void AddPart(const std::string& part, int y, int left, int right);
+  void AddPart(std::string_view part, int y, int left, int right);
   std::string GetParts() { return parts_.str(); }
 
  private:

include/ftxui/dom/take_any_args.hpp

@@ -5,25 +5,18 @@
 #define FTXUI_DOM_TAKE_ANY_ARGS_HPP
 
 // IWYU pragma: private, include "ftxui/dom/elements.hpp"
+#include <deque>
 #include <ftxui/dom/node.hpp>
+#include <queue>
+#include <stack>
+#include <vector>
 
 namespace ftxui {
 
-template <class T>
-void Merge(Elements& /*container*/, T /*element*/) {}
-
-template <>
 inline void Merge(Elements& container, Element element) {
   container.push_back(std::move(element));
 }
 
-template <>
-inline void Merge(Elements& container, Elements elements) {
-  for (auto& element : elements) {
-    container.push_back(std::move(element));
-  }
-}
-
 // Turn a set of arguments into a vector.
 template <class... Args>
 Elements unpack(Args... args) {
@@ -32,11 +25,50 @@ Elements unpack(Args... args) {
   return vec;
 }
 
-// Make |container| able to take any number of argments.
+// Make |container| able to take any number of arguments.
 #define TAKE_ANY_ARGS(container)                               \
+  inline Element container(Element child) {                    \
+    return container(unpack(std::move(child)));                \
+  }                                                            \
+                                                               \
   template <class... Args>                                     \
-  Element container(Args... children) {                        \
+  inline Element container(Args... children) {                 \
     return container(unpack(std::forward<Args>(children)...)); \
+  }                                                            \
+                                                               \
+  template <class Container>                                   \
+  inline Element container(Container&& children) {             \
+    Elements elements;                                         \
+    for (auto& child : children) {                             \
+      elements.push_back(std::move(child));                    \
+    }                                                          \
+    return container(std::move(elements));                     \
+  }                                                            \
+  template <>                                                  \
+  inline Element container(std::stack<Element>&& children) {   \
+    Elements elements;                                         \
+    while (!children.empty()) {                                \
+      elements.push_back(std::move(children.top()));           \
+      children.pop();                                          \
+    }                                                          \
+    return container(std::move(elements));                     \
+  }                                                            \
+  template <>                                                  \
+  inline Element container(std::queue<Element>&& children) {   \
+    Elements elements;                                         \
+    while (!children.empty()) {                                \
+      elements.push_back(std::move(children.front()));         \
+      children.pop();                                          \
+    }                                                          \
+    return container(std::move(elements));                     \
+  }                                                            \
+  template <>                                                  \
+  inline Element container(std::deque<Element>&& children) {   \
+    Elements elements;                                         \
+    for (auto& child : children) {                             \
+      elements.push_back(std::move(child));                    \
+    }                                                          \
+    return container(std::move(elements));                     \
   }
 
 TAKE_ANY_ARGS(vbox)

include/ftxui/screen/image.hpp

@@ -20,6 +20,9 @@ class Image {
   Image() = delete;
   Image(int dimx, int dimy);
 
+  // Destructor:
+  virtual ~Image() = default;
+
   // Access a character in the grid at a given position.
   std::string& at(int x, int y);
   const std::string& at(int x, int y) const;

include/ftxui/screen/screen.hpp

@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
 
 #include "ftxui/screen/image.hpp"     // for Pixel, Image
 #include "ftxui/screen/terminal.hpp"  // for Dimensions
-#include "ftxui/util/autoreset.hpp"   // for AutoReset
 
 namespace ftxui {
 
@@ -31,6 +30,9 @@ class Screen : public Image {
   static Screen Create(Dimensions dimension);
   static Screen Create(Dimensions width, Dimensions height);
 
+  // Destructor:
+  ~Screen() override = default;
+
   std::string ToString() const;
 
   // Print the Screen on to the terminal.
@@ -58,7 +60,7 @@ class Screen : public Image {
       BarBlinking = 5,
       Bar = 6,
     };
-    Shape shape;
+    Shape shape = Hidden;
   };
 
   Cursor cursor() const { return cursor_; }
@@ -66,7 +68,7 @@ class Screen : public Image {
 
   // Store an hyperlink in the screen. Return the id of the hyperlink. The id is
   // used to identify the hyperlink when the user click on it.
-  uint8_t RegisterHyperlink(const std::string& link);
+  uint8_t RegisterHyperlink(std::string_view link);
   const std::string& Hyperlink(uint8_t id) const;
 
   using SelectionStyle = std::function<void(Pixel&)>;

include/ftxui/screen/string.hpp

@@ -5,26 +5,31 @@
 #define FTXUI_SCREEN_STRING_HPP
 
 #include <string>       // for string, wstring, to_string
+#include <string_view>  // for string_view
 #include <vector>       // for vector
 
 namespace ftxui {
-std::string to_string(const std::wstring& s);
-std::wstring to_wstring(const std::string& s);
+std::string to_string(std::wstring_view s);
+std::wstring to_wstring(std::string_view s);
 
 template <typename T>
 std::wstring to_wstring(T s) {
-  return to_wstring(std::to_string(s));
+  return to_wstring(std::string_view(std::to_string(s)));
+}
+template <>
+inline std::wstring to_wstring(const char* s) {
+  return to_wstring(std::string_view(s));
 }
 
-int string_width(const std::string&);
+int string_width(std::string_view);
 
 // Split the string into a its glyphs. An empty one is inserted ater fullwidth
 // ones.
-std::vector<std::string> Utf8ToGlyphs(const std::string& input);
+std::vector<std::string> Utf8ToGlyphs(std::string_view input);
 
 // Map every cells drawn by |input| to their corresponding Glyphs. Half-size
 // Glyphs takes one cell, full-size Glyphs take two cells.
-std::vector<int> CellToGlyphIndex(const std::string& input);
+std::vector<int> CellToGlyphIndex(std::string_view input);
 
 }  // namespace ftxui
 

include/ftxui/util/ref.hpp

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include <ftxui/screen/string.hpp>
 #include <memory>
 #include <string>
+#include <string_view>
 #include <variant>
 #include <vector>
 
@@ -17,8 +18,13 @@ template <typename T>
 class ConstRef {
  public:
   ConstRef() = default;
+
+  // Owning constructors:
   ConstRef(T t) : variant_(std::move(t)) {}  // NOLINT
+
+  // Referencing constructors:
   ConstRef(const T* t) : variant_(t) {}      // NOLINT
+
   ConstRef& operator=(ConstRef&&) noexcept = default;
   ConstRef(const ConstRef<T>&) = default;
   ConstRef(ConstRef<T>&&) noexcept = default;
@@ -46,8 +52,13 @@ template <typename T>
 class Ref {
  public:
   Ref() = default;
+
+  // Owning constructors:
   Ref(T t) : variant_(std::move(t)) {}  // NOLINT
+                                        //
+  // Referencing constructors:
   Ref(T* t) : variant_(t) {}            // NOLINT
+                                        //
   ~Ref() = default;
   Ref& operator=(Ref&&) noexcept = default;
   Ref(const Ref<T>&) = default;
@@ -83,10 +94,15 @@ class StringRef : public Ref<std::string> {
  public:
   using Ref<std::string>::Ref;
 
+  // Owning constructors:
   StringRef(const wchar_t* ref)  // NOLINT
       : StringRef(to_string(std::wstring(ref))) {}
   StringRef(const char* ref)  // NOLINT
       : StringRef(std::string(ref)) {}
+  StringRef(std::string_view ref)  // NOLINT
+      : StringRef(std::string(ref)) {}
+  StringRef(std::wstring_view ref)  // NOLINT
+      : StringRef(to_string(ref)) {}
 };
 
 /// @brief An adapter. Own or reference a constant string. For convenience, this
@@ -95,14 +111,21 @@ class ConstStringRef : public ConstRef<std::string> {
  public:
   using ConstRef<std::string>::ConstRef;
 
+  // Referencing constructors:
   ConstStringRef(const std::wstring* ref)  // NOLINT
       : ConstStringRef(to_string(*ref)) {}
+
+  // Owning constructors:
   ConstStringRef(const std::wstring ref)  // NOLINT
       : ConstStringRef(to_string(ref)) {}
+  ConstStringRef(std::wstring_view ref)  // NOLINT
+      : ConstStringRef(to_string(ref)) {}
   ConstStringRef(const wchar_t* ref)  // NOLINT
       : ConstStringRef(to_string(std::wstring(ref))) {}
   ConstStringRef(const char* ref)  // NOLINT
       : ConstStringRef(std::string(ref)) {}
+  ConstStringRef(std::string_view ref)  // NOLINT
+      : ConstStringRef(std::string(ref)) {}
 };
 
 /// @brief An adapter. Reference a list of strings.
@@ -125,10 +148,12 @@ class ConstStringListRef {
     Adapter& operator=(Adapter&&) = default;
     virtual ~Adapter() = default;
     virtual size_t size() const = 0;
-    virtual std::string operator[](size_t i) const = 0;
+    virtual std::string_view operator[](size_t i) const = 0;
   };
   using Variant = std::variant<const std::vector<std::string>,        //
                                const std::vector<std::string>*,       //
+                               const std::vector<std::string_view>,   //
+                               const std::vector<std::string_view>*,  //
                                const std::vector<std::wstring>*,      //
                                Adapter*,                              //
                                std::unique_ptr<Adapter>               //
@@ -141,25 +166,26 @@ class ConstStringListRef {
   ConstStringListRef(ConstStringListRef&&) = default;
   ConstStringListRef(const ConstStringListRef&) = default;
 
-  ConstStringListRef(std::vector<std::string> value)  // NOLINT
-  {
+  ConstStringListRef(std::vector<std::string> value) {  // NOLINT
     variant_ = std::make_shared<Variant>(value);
   }
-  ConstStringListRef(const std::vector<std::string>* value)  // NOLINT
-  {
+  ConstStringListRef(const std::vector<std::string>* value)  {// NOLINT
     variant_ = std::make_shared<Variant>(value);
   }
-  ConstStringListRef(const std::vector<std::wstring>* value)  // NOLINT
-  {
+  ConstStringListRef(std::vector<std::string_view> value) { // NOLINT
     variant_ = std::make_shared<Variant>(value);
   }
-  ConstStringListRef(Adapter* adapter)  // NOLINT
-  {
+  ConstStringListRef(const std::vector<std::string_view>* value) { // NOLINT
+    variant_ = std::make_shared<Variant>(value);
+  }
+  ConstStringListRef(const std::vector<std::wstring>* value) { // NOLINT
+    variant_ = std::make_shared<Variant>(value);
+  }
+  ConstStringListRef(Adapter* adapter) { // NOLINT
     variant_ = std::make_shared<Variant>(adapter);
   }
   template <typename AdapterType>
-  ConstStringListRef(std::unique_ptr<AdapterType> adapter)  // NOLINT
-  {
+  ConstStringListRef(std::unique_ptr<AdapterType> adapter) {  // NOLINT
     variant_ = std::make_shared<Variant>(
         static_cast<std::unique_ptr<Adapter>>(std::move(adapter)));
   }
@@ -168,11 +194,34 @@ class ConstStringListRef {
     return variant_ ? std::visit(SizeVisitor(), *variant_) : 0;
   }
 
-  std::string operator[](size_t i) const {
-    return variant_ ? std::visit(IndexedGetter(i), *variant_) : "";
+  std::string_view operator[](size_t i) const {
+    return variant_ ? std::visit(IndexedGetter{i}, *variant_) : "";
   }
 
  private:
+  struct IndexedGetter {
+    size_t i;
+    std::string_view operator()(const std::vector<std::string>& v) const {
+      return v[i];
+    }
+    std::string_view operator()(const std::vector<std::string>* v) const {
+      return (*v)[i];
+    }
+    std::string_view operator()(const std::vector<std::string_view>& v) const {
+      return std::string(v[i]);
+    }
+    std::string_view operator()(const std::vector<std::string_view>* v) const {
+      return std::string((*v)[i]);
+    }
+    std::string_view operator()(const std::vector<std::wstring>* v) const {
+      return to_string((*v)[i]);
+    }
+    std::string_view operator()(Adapter* v) const { return std::string((*v)[i]); }
+    std::string_view operator()(const std::unique_ptr<Adapter>& v) const {
+      return (*v)[i];
+    }
+  };
+
   struct SizeVisitor {
     size_t operator()(const std::vector<std::string>& v) const {
       return v.size();
@@ -180,6 +229,12 @@ class ConstStringListRef {
     size_t operator()(const std::vector<std::string>* v) const {
       return v->size();
     }
+    size_t operator()(const std::vector<std::string_view>& v) const {
+      return v.size();
+    }
+    size_t operator()(const std::vector<std::string_view>* v) const {
+      return v->size();
+    }
     size_t operator()(const std::vector<std::wstring>* v) const {
       return v->size();
     }
@@ -189,25 +244,6 @@ class ConstStringListRef {
     }
   };
 
-  struct IndexedGetter {
-    IndexedGetter(size_t index)  // NOLINT
-        : index_(index) {}
-    size_t index_;
-    std::string operator()(const std::vector<std::string>& v) const {
-      return v[index_];
-    }
-    std::string operator()(const std::vector<std::string>* v) const {
-      return (*v)[index_];
-    }
-    std::string operator()(const std::vector<std::wstring>* v) const {
-      return to_string((*v)[index_]);
-    }
-    std::string operator()(const Adapter* v) const { return (*v)[index_]; }
-    std::string operator()(const std::unique_ptr<Adapter>& v) const {
-      return (*v)[index_];
-    }
-  };
-
   std::shared_ptr<Variant> variant_;
 };
 

include/ftxui/util/warn_windows_macro.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+// Copyright 2025 Arthur Sonzogni. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by the MIT license that can be found in
+// the LICENSE file.
+
+#ifndef FTXUI_UTIL_WARN_WINDOWS_MACRO_H_
+#define FTXUI_UTIL_WARN_WINDOWS_MACRO_H_
+
+#ifdef min
+#error \
+    "The macro 'min' is defined, which conflicts with the standard C++ library and FTXUI. This is often caused by including <windows.h>. To fix this, add '#define NOMINMAX' before including <windows.h>, or pass '/DNOMINMAX' as a compiler flag."
+#endif
+
+#ifdef max
+#error \
+    "The macro 'max' is defined, which conflicts with the standard C++ library and FTXUI. This is often caused by including <windows.h>. To fix this, add '#define NOMINMAX' before including <windows.h>, or pass '/DNOMINMAX' as a compiler flag."
+#endif
+
+#endif  // FTXUI_UTIL_WARN_WINDOWS_MACRO_H_

src/ftxui/component.cppm

@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
 
 export module ftxui.component;
 
-export import ftxui.component.animation;
-export import ftxui.component.captured_mouse;
-export import ftxui.component.component;
-export import ftxui.component.component_base;
-export import ftxui.component.component_options;
-export import ftxui.component.event;
-export import ftxui.component.loop;
-export import ftxui.component.mouse;
-export import ftxui.component.receiver;
-export import ftxui.component.screen_interactive;
-export import ftxui.component.task;
+export import :Animation;
+export import :CapturedMouse;
+export import :Component;
+export import :ComponentBase;
+export import :ComponentOptions;
+export import :Event;
+export import :Loop;
+export import :Mouse;
+export import :Receiver;
+export import :ScreenInteractive;
+export import :Task;

src/ftxui/component/animation.cppm

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/// @module ftxui.component.animation
+/// @module ftxui.component:Animation
 /// @brief C++20 module interface for the Animation namespace of the Component module.
 ///
 
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ module;
 
 #include <ftxui/component/animation.hpp>
 
-export module ftxui.component.animation;
+export module ftxui.component:Animation;
 
 /**
  * @namespace ftxui::animation
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ export namespace ftxui::animation {
 
     /**
      * @namespace easing
-     * @brief The FTXUI sf::animation::easing:: namespace
+     * @brief The FTXUI ftxui::animation::easing:: namespace
      */
     namespace easing {
         using ftxui::animation::easing::Function;

src/ftxui/component/button.cpp

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ class ButtonBase : public ComponentBase, public ButtonOption {
     }
 
     const EntryState state{
-        *label, false, active, focused_or_hover, Index(),
+        std::string(*label), false, active, focused_or_hover, Index(),
     };
 
     auto element = (transform ? transform : DefaultTransform)  //
@@ -139,7 +139,6 @@ class ButtonBase : public ComponentBase, public ButtonOption {
  private:
   bool mouse_hover_ = false;
   Box box_;
-  ButtonOption option_;
   float animation_background_ = 0;
   float animation_foreground_ = 0;
   animation::Animator animator_background_ =

src/ftxui/component/captured_mouse.cppm

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-/// @module ftxui.component.captured_mouse
+/// @module ftxui.component.CapturedMouse
 /// @brief Module file for the CapturedMouseInterface class of the Component module
 
 module;
 
 #include <ftxui/component/captured_mouse.hpp>
 
-export module ftxui.component.captured_mouse;
+export module ftxui.component:CapturedMouse;
 
 /**
  * @namespace ftxui

src/ftxui/component/checkbox.cpp

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ class CheckboxBase : public ComponentBase, public CheckboxOption {
     const bool is_focused = Focused();
     const bool is_active = Active();
     auto entry_state = EntryState{
-        *label, *checked, is_active, is_focused || hovered_, -1,
+        std::string(*label), *checked, is_active, is_focused || hovered_, -1,
     };
     auto element = (transform ? transform : CheckboxOption::Simple().transform)(
         entry_state);

src/ftxui/component/component.cppm

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-/// @module ftxui.component.component
+/// @module ftxui.component:Component
 /// @brief Module file for the Component classes of the Component module
 
 module;
 
 #include <ftxui/component/component.hpp>
 
-export module ftxui.component.component;
+export module ftxui.component:Component;
 
 /**
  * @namespace ftxui
@@ -28,6 +28,10 @@ export namespace ftxui {
     using ftxui::operator|;
     using ftxui::operator|=;
 
+    /**
+     * @namespace Container
+     * @brief The FTXUI ftxui::Container:: namespace
+     */
     namespace Container {
         using ftxui::Container::Vertical;
         using ftxui::Container::Horizontal;

src/ftxui/component/component_base.cppm

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-/// @module ftxui.component.component_base
+/// @module ftxui.component:ComponentBase
 /// @brief Module file for the ComponentBase class of the Component module
 
 module;
 
 #include <ftxui/component/component_base.hpp>
 
-export module ftxui.component.component_base;
+export module ftxui.component:ComponentBase;
 
 /**
  * @namespace ftxui
@@ -16,6 +16,10 @@ export namespace ftxui {
     using ftxui::Focus;
     using ftxui::Event;
 
+    /**
+     * @namespace animation
+     * @brief The FTXUI ftxui::animation:: namespace
+     */
     namespace animation {
         using ftxui::animation::Params;
     }

src/ftxui/component/component_fuzzer.cpp

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 // Use of this source code is governed by the MIT license that can be found in
 // the LICENSE file.
 #include <cassert>
+#include <ftxui/component/event.hpp>
 #include <vector>
 #include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"
 #include "ftxui/component/terminal_input_parser.hpp"
@@ -22,8 +23,9 @@ bool GeneratorBool(const char*& data, size_t& size) {
 
 std::string GeneratorString(const char*& data, size_t& size) {
   int index = 0;
-  while (index < size && data[index])
+  while (index < size && data[index]) {
     ++index;
+  }
 
   auto out = std::string(data, data + index);
   data += index;
@@ -39,8 +41,9 @@ std::string GeneratorString(const char*& data, size_t& size) {
 }
 
 int GeneratorInt(const char* data, size_t size) {
-  if (size == 0)
+  if (size == 0) {
     return 0;
+  }
   auto out = int(data[0]);
   data++;
   size--;
@@ -112,8 +115,9 @@ Components GeneratorComponents(const char*& data, size_t& size, int depth);
 Component GeneratorComponent(const char*& data, size_t& size, int depth) {
   depth--;
   int value = GeneratorInt(data, size);
-  if (depth <= 0)
+  if (depth <= 0) {
     return Button(GeneratorString(data, size), [] {});
+  }
 
   constexpr int value_max = 19;
   value = (value % value_max + value_max) % value_max;
@@ -212,16 +216,17 @@ extern "C" int LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput(const char* data, size_t size) {
   auto screen =
       Screen::Create(Dimension::Fixed(width), Dimension::Fixed(height));
 
-  auto event_receiver = MakeReceiver<Task>();
-  {
-    auto parser = TerminalInputParser(event_receiver->MakeSender());
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i)
+  // Generate some events.
+  std::vector<Event> events;
+  auto parser =
+      TerminalInputParser([&](const Event& event) { events.push_back(event); });
+
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
     parser.Add(data[i]);
   }
 
-  Task event;
-  while (event_receiver->Receive(&event)) {
-    component->OnEvent(std::get<Event>(event));
+  for (const auto& event : events) {
+    component->OnEvent(event);
     auto document = component->Render();
     Render(screen, document);
   }

src/ftxui/component/component_options.cppm

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-/// @module ftxui.component.component_options
+/// @module ftxui.component:ComponentOptions
 /// @brief Module file for options for the Component class of the Component module
 
 module;
 
 #include <ftxui/component/component_options.hpp>
 
-export module ftxui.component.component_options;
+export module ftxui.component:ComponentOptions;
 
 /**
  * @namespace ftxui

src/ftxui/component/event.cpp

@@ -25,9 +25,9 @@ namespace ftxui {
 /// @brief An event corresponding to a given typed character.
 /// @param input The character typed by the user.
 // static
-Event Event::Character(std::string input) {
+Event Event::Character(std::string_view input) {
   Event event;
-  event.input_ = std::move(input);
+  event.input_ = std::string(input);
   event.type_ = Type::Character;
   return event;
 }
@@ -50,9 +50,9 @@ Event Event::Character(wchar_t c) {
 /// @param input The sequence of character send by the terminal.
 /// @param mouse The mouse state.
 // static
-Event Event::Mouse(std::string input, struct Mouse mouse) {
+Event Event::Mouse(std::string_view input, struct Mouse mouse) {
   Event event;
-  event.input_ = std::move(input);
+  event.input_ = std::string(input);
   event.type_ = Type::Mouse;
   event.data_.mouse = mouse;  // NOLINT
   return event;
@@ -60,9 +60,9 @@ Event Event::Mouse(std::string input, struct Mouse mouse) {
 
 /// @brief An event corresponding to a terminal DCS (Device Control String).
 // static
-Event Event::CursorShape(std::string input, int shape) {
+Event Event::CursorShape(std::string_view input, int shape) {
   Event event;
-  event.input_ = std::move(input);
+  event.input_ = std::string(input);
   event.type_ = Type::CursorShape;
   event.data_.cursor_shape = shape;  // NOLINT
   return event;
@@ -71,17 +71,17 @@ Event Event::CursorShape(std::string input, int shape) {
 /// @brief An custom event whose meaning is defined by the user of the library.
 /// @param input An arbitrary sequence of character defined by the developer.
 // static
-Event Event::Special(std::string input) {
+Event Event::Special(std::string_view input) {
   Event event;
-  event.input_ = std::move(input);
+  event.input_ = std::string(input);
   return event;
 }
 
 /// @internal
 // static
-Event Event::CursorPosition(std::string input, int x, int y) {
+Event Event::CursorPosition(std::string_view input, int x, int y) {
   Event event;
-  event.input_ = std::move(input);
+  event.input_ = std::string(input);
   event.type_ = Type::CursorPosition;
   event.data_.cursor = {x, y};  // NOLINT
   return event;
@@ -292,12 +292,12 @@ const Event Event::ArrowLeftCtrl  = Event::Special("\x1B[1;5D");
 const Event Event::ArrowRightCtrl = Event::Special("\x1B[1;5C");
 const Event Event::ArrowUpCtrl    = Event::Special("\x1B[1;5A");
 const Event Event::ArrowDownCtrl  = Event::Special("\x1B[1;5B");
-const Event Event::Backspace      = Event::Special({127});
+const Event Event::Backspace      = Event::Special(std::string({127}));
 const Event Event::Delete         = Event::Special("\x1B[3~");
 const Event Event::Escape         = Event::Special("\x1B");
-const Event Event::Return         = Event::Special({10});
-const Event Event::Tab            = Event::Special({9});
-const Event Event::TabReverse     = Event::Special({27, 91, 90});
+const Event Event::Return         = Event::Special(std::string({10}));
+const Event Event::Tab            = Event::Special(std::string({9}));
+const Event Event::TabReverse     = Event::Special(std::string({27, 91, 90}));
 
 // See https://invisible-island.net/xterm/xterm-function-keys.html
 // We follow xterm-new / vterm-xf86-v4 / mgt / screen
@@ -315,11 +315,11 @@ const Event Event::F11 = Event::Special("\x1B[23~");
 const Event Event::F12 = Event::Special("\x1B[24~");
 
 const Event Event::Insert   = Event::Special("\x1B[2~");
-const Event Event::Home     = Event::Special({27, 91, 72});
-const Event Event::End      = Event::Special({27, 91, 70});
-const Event Event::PageUp   = Event::Special({27, 91, 53, 126});
-const Event Event::PageDown = Event::Special({27, 91, 54, 126});
-const Event Event::Custom   = Event::Special({0});
+const Event Event::Home     = Event::Special(std::string({27, 91, 72}));
+const Event Event::End      = Event::Special(std::string({27, 91, 70}));
+const Event Event::PageUp   = Event::Special(std::string({27, 91, 53, 126}));
+const Event Event::PageDown = Event::Special(std::string({27, 91, 54, 126}));
+const Event Event::Custom   = Event::Special(std::string({0}));
 
 const Event Event::a = Event::Character("a");
 const Event Event::b = Event::Character("b");

src/ftxui/component/event.cppm

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-/// @module ftxui.component.event
+/// @module ftxui.component:Event
 /// @brief Module file for the Event struct of the Component module
 
 module;
 
 #include <ftxui/component/event.hpp>
 
-export module ftxui.component.event;
+export module ftxui.component:Event;
 
 /**
  * @namespace ftxui

src/ftxui/component/input.cpp

@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ class InputBase : public ComponentBase, public InputOption {
       elements.push_back(element);
     }
 
-    auto element = vbox(std::move(elements), cursor_line) | frame;
+    auto element = vbox(std::move(elements)) | frame;
     return transform_func({
                std::move(element), hovered_, is_focused,
                false  // placeholder

src/ftxui/component/loop.cppm

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-/// @module ftxui.component.loop
+/// @module ftxui.component:Loop
 /// @brief Module file for the Loop class of the Component module
 
 module;
 
 #include <ftxui/component/loop.hpp>
 
-export module ftxui.component.loop;
+export module ftxui.component:Loop;
 
 /**
  * @namespace ftxui

src/ftxui/component/menu.cpp

@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ class MenuBase : public ComponentBase, public MenuOption {
       const bool is_selected = (selected() == i);
 
       const EntryState state = {
-          entries[i], false, is_selected, is_focused, i,
+        std::string(entries[i]), false, is_selected, is_focused, i,
       };
 
       Element element = (entries_option.transform ? entries_option.transform
@@ -144,9 +144,8 @@ class MenuBase : public ComponentBase, public MenuOption {
       std::reverse(elements.begin(), elements.end());
     }
 
-    const Element bar = IsHorizontal()
-                            ? hbox(std::move(elements), selected_focus_)
-                            : vbox(std::move(elements), selected_focus_);
+    const Element bar =
+        IsHorizontal() ? hbox(std::move(elements)) : vbox(std::move(elements));
 
     if (!underline.enabled) {
       return bar | reflect(box_);
@@ -623,7 +622,7 @@ Component MenuEntry(MenuEntryOption option) {
       UpdateAnimationTarget();
 
       const EntryState state{
-          label(), false, hovered_, is_focused, Index(),
+          std::string(label()), false, hovered_, is_focused, Index(),
       };
 
       Element element = (transform ? transform : DefaultOptionTransform)  //

src/ftxui/component/mouse.cppm

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-/// @module ftxui.component.mouse
+/// @module ftxui.component:Mouse
 /// @brief Module file for the Mouse struct of the Component module
 
 module;
 
 #include <ftxui/component/mouse.hpp>
 
-export module ftxui.component.mouse;
+export module ftxui.component:Mouse;
 
 /**
  * @namespace ftxui

src/ftxui/component/radiobox.cpp

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ class RadioboxBase : public ComponentBase, public RadioboxOption {
       const bool is_focused = (focused_entry() == i) && is_menu_focused;
       const bool is_selected = (hovered_ == i);
       auto state = EntryState{
-          entries[i], selected() == i, is_selected, is_focused, i,
+          std::string(entries[i]), selected() == i, is_selected, is_focused, i,
       };
       auto element =
           (transform ? transform : RadioboxOption::Simple().transform)(state);
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ class RadioboxBase : public ComponentBase, public RadioboxOption {
       }
       elements.push_back(element | reflect(boxes_[i]));
     }
-    return vbox(std::move(elements), hovered_) | reflect(box_);
+    return vbox(std::move(elements)) | reflect(box_);
   }
 
   // NOLINTNEXTLINE(readability-function-cognitive-complexity)

src/ftxui/component/receiver.cppm

@@ -1,20 +1,26 @@
-/// @module ftxui.component.receiver
+/// @module ftxui.component:Receiver
 /// @brief Module file for the Receiver class of the Component module
 
 module;
 
 #include <ftxui/component/receiver.hpp>
 
-export module ftxui.component.receiver;
+export module ftxui.component:Receiver;
 
 /**
  * @namespace ftxui
  * @brief The FTXUI ftxui:: namespace
  */
 export namespace ftxui {
+    // Deprecated:
     using ftxui::SenderImpl;
+    // Deprecated:
     using ftxui::ReceiverImpl;
+    // Deprecated:
     using ftxui::Sender;
+    // Deprecated:
     using ftxui::Receiver;
+    // Deprecated:
     using ftxui::MakeReceiver;
+    // Deprecated:
 }

src/ftxui/component/receiver_test.cpp

@@ -1,81 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2020 Arthur Sonzogni. All rights reserved.
-// Use of this source code is governed by the MIT license that can be found in
-// the LICENSE file.
-#include <thread>   // for thread
-#include <utility>  // for move
-
-#include "ftxui/component/receiver.hpp"
-#include "gtest/gtest.h"  // for AssertionResult, Message, Test, TestPartResult, EXPECT_EQ, EXPECT_TRUE, EXPECT_FALSE, TEST
-
-// NOLINTBEGIN
-namespace ftxui {
-
-TEST(Receiver, Basic) {
-  auto receiver = MakeReceiver<char>();
-  auto sender = receiver->MakeSender();
-
-  sender->Send('a');
-  sender->Send('b');
-  sender->Send('c');
-  sender.reset();
-
-  char a, b, c, d;
-  EXPECT_TRUE(receiver->Receive(&a));
-  EXPECT_TRUE(receiver->Receive(&b));
-  EXPECT_TRUE(receiver->Receive(&c));
-  EXPECT_FALSE(receiver->Receive(&d));
-
-  EXPECT_EQ(a, 'a');
-  EXPECT_EQ(b, 'b');
-  EXPECT_EQ(c, 'c');
-}
-
-TEST(Receiver, BasicWithThread) {
-  auto r1 = MakeReceiver<char>();
-  auto r2 = MakeReceiver<char>();
-  auto r3 = MakeReceiver<char>();
-
-  auto s1 = r1->MakeSender();
-  auto s2 = r2->MakeSender();
-  auto s3 = r3->MakeSender();
-
-  auto s1_bis = r1->MakeSender();
-
-  auto stream = [](Receiver<char> receiver, Sender<char> sender) {
-    char c;
-    while (receiver->Receive(&c))
-      sender->Send(c);
-  };
-
-  // Convert data from a different thread.
-  auto t12 = std::thread(stream, std::move(r1), std::move(s2));
-  auto t23 = std::thread(stream, std::move(r2), std::move(s3));
-
-  // Send some data.
-  s1->Send('1');
-  s1_bis->Send('2');
-  s1->Send('3');
-  s1_bis->Send('4');
-
-  // Close the stream.
-  s1.reset();
-  s1_bis.reset();
-
-  char c;
-  EXPECT_TRUE(r3->Receive(&c));
-  EXPECT_EQ(c, '1');
-  EXPECT_TRUE(r3->Receive(&c));
-  EXPECT_EQ(c, '2');
-  EXPECT_TRUE(r3->Receive(&c));
-  EXPECT_EQ(c, '3');
-  EXPECT_TRUE(r3->Receive(&c));
-  EXPECT_EQ(c, '4');
-  EXPECT_FALSE(r3->Receive(&c));
-
-  // Thread will end at the end of the stream.
-  t12.join();
-  t23.join();
-}
-
-}  // namespace ftxui
-// NOLINTEND

src/ftxui/component/resizable_split.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright 2021 Arthur Sonzogni. All rights reserved.
 // Use of this source code is governed by the MIT license that can be found in
 // the LICENSE file.
+#include <algorithm>                              // for max
 #include <ftxui/component/component_options.hpp>  // for ResizableSplitOption
 #include <ftxui/dom/direction.hpp>  // for Direction, Direction::Down, Direction::Left, Direction::Right, Direction::Up
 #include <ftxui/util/ref.hpp>       // for Ref
@@ -18,34 +19,22 @@
 namespace ftxui {
 namespace {
 
-class ResizableSplitBase : public ComponentBase {
+class ResizableSplitBase : public ComponentBase, public ResizableSplitOption {
  public:
   explicit ResizableSplitBase(ResizableSplitOption options)
-      : options_(std::move(options)) {
-    switch (options_->direction()) {
+      : ResizableSplitOption(std::move(options)) {
+    switch (direction()) {
       case Direction::Left:
-        Add(Container::Horizontal({
-            options_->main,
-            options_->back,
-        }));
+        Add(Container::Horizontal({main, back}));
         break;
       case Direction::Right:
-        Add(Container::Horizontal({
-            options_->back,
-            options_->main,
-        }));
+        Add(Container::Horizontal({back, main}));
         break;
       case Direction::Up:
-        Add(Container::Vertical({
-            options_->main,
-            options_->back,
-        }));
+        Add(Container::Vertical({main, back}));
         break;
       case Direction::Down:
-        Add(Container::Vertical({
-            options_->back,
-            options_->main,
-        }));
+        Add(Container::Vertical({back, main}));
         break;
     }
   }
@@ -75,27 +64,27 @@ class ResizableSplitBase : public ComponentBase {
       return ComponentBase::OnEvent(event);
     }
 
-    switch (options_->direction()) {
+    switch (direction()) {
       case Direction::Left:
-        options_->main_size() = std::max(0, event.mouse().x - box_.x_min);
-        return true;
+        main_size() = std::max(0, event.mouse().x - box_.x_min);
+        break;
       case Direction::Right:
-        options_->main_size() = std::max(0, box_.x_max - event.mouse().x);
-        return true;
+        main_size() = std::max(0, box_.x_max - event.mouse().x);
+        break;
       case Direction::Up:
-        options_->main_size() = std::max(0, event.mouse().y - box_.y_min);
-        return true;
+        main_size() = std::max(0, event.mouse().y - box_.y_min);
+        break;
       case Direction::Down:
-        options_->main_size() = std::max(0, box_.y_max - event.mouse().y);
-        return true;
+        main_size() = std::max(0, box_.y_max - event.mouse().y);
+        break;
     }
 
-    // NOTREACHED()
-    return false;
+    main_size() = std::clamp(main_size(), min(), max());
+    return true;
   }
 
   Element OnRender() final {
-    switch (options_->direction()) {
+    switch (direction()) {
       case Direction::Left:
         return RenderLeft();
       case Direction::Right:
@@ -111,46 +100,41 @@ class ResizableSplitBase : public ComponentBase {
 
   Element RenderLeft() {
     return hbox({
-               options_->main->Render() |
-                   size(WIDTH, EQUAL, options_->main_size()),
-               options_->separator_func() | reflect(separator_box_),
-               options_->back->Render() | xflex,
+               main->Render() | size(WIDTH, EQUAL, main_size()),
+               separator_func() | reflect(separator_box_),
+               back->Render() | xflex,
            }) |
            reflect(box_);
   }
 
   Element RenderRight() {
     return hbox({
-               options_->back->Render() | xflex,
-               options_->separator_func() | reflect(separator_box_),
-               options_->main->Render() |
-                   size(WIDTH, EQUAL, options_->main_size()),
+               back->Render() | xflex,
+               separator_func() | reflect(separator_box_),
+               main->Render() | size(WIDTH, EQUAL, main_size()),
            }) |
            reflect(box_);
   }
 
   Element RenderTop() {
     return vbox({
-               options_->main->Render() |
-                   size(HEIGHT, EQUAL, options_->main_size()),
-               options_->separator_func() | reflect(separator_box_),
-               options_->back->Render() | yflex,
+               main->Render() | size(HEIGHT, EQUAL, main_size()),
+               separator_func() | reflect(separator_box_),
+               back->Render() | yflex,
            }) |
            reflect(box_);
   }
 
   Element RenderBottom() {
     return vbox({
-               options_->back->Render() | yflex,
-               options_->separator_func() | reflect(separator_box_),
-               options_->main->Render() |
-                   size(HEIGHT, EQUAL, options_->main_size()),
+               back->Render() | yflex,
+               separator_func() | reflect(separator_box_),
+               main->Render() | size(HEIGHT, EQUAL, main_size()),
            }) |
            reflect(box_);
   }
 
  private:
-  Ref<ResizableSplitOption> options_;
   CapturedMouse captured_mouse_;
   Box separator_box_;
   Box box_;

src/ftxui/component/resizable_split_test.cpp

@@ -233,5 +233,105 @@ TEST(ResizableSplit, NavigationVertical) {
   EXPECT_FALSE(component_bottom->Active());
 }
 
+TEST(ResizableSplit, MinMaxSizeLeft) {
+  int position = 5;
+  auto component = ResizableSplit({
+      .main = BasicComponent(),
+      .back = BasicComponent(),
+      .direction = Direction::Left,
+      .main_size = &position,
+      .separator_func = [] { return separatorDouble(); },
+      .min = 3,
+      .max = 8,
+  });
+  auto screen = Screen(20, 20);
+  Render(screen, component->Render());
+  EXPECT_EQ(position, 5);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(component->OnEvent(MousePressed(5, 1)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(position, 5);
+  // Try to resize below min
+  EXPECT_TRUE(component->OnEvent(MousePressed(2, 1)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(position, 3);  // Clamped to min
+  // Try to resize above max
+  EXPECT_TRUE(component->OnEvent(MousePressed(10, 1)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(position, 8);  // Clamped to max
+  EXPECT_TRUE(component->OnEvent(MouseReleased(10, 1)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(position, 8);
+}
+
+TEST(ResizableSplit, MinMaxSizeRight) {
+  int position = 5;
+  auto component = ResizableSplit({
+      .main = BasicComponent(),
+      .back = BasicComponent(),
+      .direction = Direction::Right,
+      .main_size = &position,
+      .separator_func = [] { return separatorDouble(); },
+      .min = 3,
+      .max = 8,
+  });
+  auto screen = Screen(20, 20);
+  Render(screen, component->Render());
+  EXPECT_EQ(position, 5);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(component->OnEvent(MousePressed(14, 1)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(position, 5);
+  // Try to resize below min
+  EXPECT_TRUE(component->OnEvent(MousePressed(18, 1)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(position, 3);  // Clamped to min
+  // Try to resize above max
+  EXPECT_TRUE(component->OnEvent(MousePressed(10, 1)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(position, 8);  // Clamped to max
+  EXPECT_TRUE(component->OnEvent(MouseReleased(10, 1)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(position, 8);
+}
+
+TEST(ResizableSplit, MinMaxSizeTop) {
+  int position = 5;
+  auto component = ResizableSplit({
+      .main = BasicComponent(),
+      .back = BasicComponent(),
+      .direction = Direction::Up,
+      .main_size = &position,
+      .separator_func = [] { return separatorDouble(); },
+      .min = 2,
+      .max = 10,
+  });
+  auto screen = Screen(20, 20);
+  Render(screen, component->Render());
+  EXPECT_EQ(position, 5);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(component->OnEvent(MousePressed(1, 5)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(position, 5);
+  // Try to resize below min
+  EXPECT_TRUE(component->OnEvent(MousePressed(1, 1)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(position, 2);  // Clamped to min
+  // Try to resize above max
+  EXPECT_TRUE(component->OnEvent(MousePressed(1, 15)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(position, 10);  // Clamped to max
+}
+
+TEST(ResizableSplit, MinMaxSizeBottom) {
+  int position = 5;
+  auto component = ResizableSplit({
+      .main = BasicComponent(),
+      .back = BasicComponent(),
+      .direction = Direction::Down,
+      .main_size = &position,
+      .separator_func = [] { return separatorDouble(); },
+      .min = 3,
+      .max = 12,
+  });
+  auto screen = Screen(20, 20);
+  Render(screen, component->Render());
+  EXPECT_EQ(position, 5);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(component->OnEvent(MousePressed(1, 14)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(position, 5);
+  // Try to resize below min
+  EXPECT_TRUE(component->OnEvent(MousePressed(1, 18)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(position, 3);  // Clamped to min
+  // Try to resize above max
+  EXPECT_TRUE(component->OnEvent(MousePressed(1, 5)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(position, 12);  // Clamped to max
+}
+
 }  // namespace ftxui
 // NOLINTEND

src/ftxui/component/screen_interactive.cpp

@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <thread>   // for thread, sleep_for
 #include <tuple>    // for _Swallow_assign, ignore
-#include <type_traits>  // for decay_t
 #include <utility>  // for move, swap
 #include <variant>  // for visit, variant
 #include <vector>   // for vector
@@ -28,13 +27,12 @@
 #include "ftxui/component/component_base.hpp"  // for ComponentBase
 #include "ftxui/component/event.hpp"           // for Event
 #include "ftxui/component/loop.hpp"            // for Loop
-#include "ftxui/component/receiver.hpp"  // for ReceiverImpl, Sender, MakeReceiver, SenderImpl, Receiver
+#include "ftxui/component/task_runner.hpp"
 #include "ftxui/component/terminal_input_parser.hpp"  // for TerminalInputParser
 #include "ftxui/dom/node.hpp"                         // for Node, Render
-#include "ftxui/dom/requirement.hpp"                  // for Requirement
-#include "ftxui/screen/pixel.hpp"                     // for Pixel
 #include "ftxui/screen/terminal.hpp"                  // for Dimensions, Size
 #include "ftxui/screen/util.hpp"                      // for util::clamp
+#include "ftxui/util/autoreset.hpp"                   // for AutoReset
 
 #if defined(_WIN32)
 #define DEFINE_CONSOLEV2_PROPERTIES
@@ -47,9 +45,11 @@
 #error Must be compiled in UNICODE mode
 #endif
 #else
+#include <fcntl.h>
 #include <sys/select.h>  // for select, FD_ISSET, FD_SET, FD_ZERO, fd_set, timeval
 #include <termios.h>  // for tcsetattr, termios, tcgetattr, TCSANOW, cc_t, ECHO, ICANON, VMIN, VTIME
 #include <unistd.h>  // for STDIN_FILENO, read
+#include <cerrno>
 #endif
 
 // Quick exit is missing in standard CLang headers
@@ -59,6 +59,20 @@
 
 namespace ftxui {
 
+struct ScreenInteractive::Internal {
+  // Convert char to Event.
+  TerminalInputParser terminal_input_parser;
+
+  task::TaskRunner task_runner;
+
+  // The last time a character was received.
+  std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> last_char_time =
+      std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+
+  explicit Internal(std::function<void(Event)> out)
+      : terminal_input_parser(std::move(out)) {}
+};
+
 namespace animation {
 void RequestAnimationFrame() {
   auto* screen = ScreenInteractive::Active();
@@ -82,73 +96,9 @@ constexpr int timeout_milliseconds = 20;
     timeout_milliseconds * 1000;
 #if defined(_WIN32)
 
-void EventListener(std::atomic<bool>* quit, Sender<Task> out) {
-  auto console = GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE);
-  auto parser = TerminalInputParser(out->Clone());
-  while (!*quit) {
-    // Throttle ReadConsoleInput by waiting 250ms, this wait function will
-    // return if there is input in the console.
-    auto wait_result = WaitForSingleObject(console, timeout_milliseconds);
-    if (wait_result == WAIT_TIMEOUT) {
-      parser.Timeout(timeout_milliseconds);
-      continue;
-    }
-
-    DWORD number_of_events = 0;
-    if (!GetNumberOfConsoleInputEvents(console, &number_of_events))
-      continue;
-    if (number_of_events <= 0)
-      continue;
-
-    std::vector<INPUT_RECORD> records{number_of_events};
-    DWORD number_of_events_read = 0;
-    ReadConsoleInput(console, records.data(), (DWORD)records.size(),
-                     &number_of_events_read);
-    records.resize(number_of_events_read);
-
-    for (const auto& r : records) {
-      switch (r.EventType) {
-        case KEY_EVENT: {
-          auto key_event = r.Event.KeyEvent;
-          // ignore UP key events
-          if (key_event.bKeyDown == FALSE)
-            continue;
-          std::wstring wstring;
-          wstring += key_event.uChar.UnicodeChar;
-          for (auto it : to_string(wstring)) {
-            parser.Add(it);
-          }
-        } break;
-        case WINDOW_BUFFER_SIZE_EVENT:
-          out->Send(Event::Special({0}));
-          break;
-        case MENU_EVENT:
-        case FOCUS_EVENT:
-        case MOUSE_EVENT:
-          // TODO(mauve): Implement later.
-          break;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
-
 #elif defined(__EMSCRIPTEN__)
 #include <emscripten.h>
 
-// Read char from the terminal.
-void EventListener(std::atomic<bool>* quit, Sender<Task> out) {
-  auto parser = TerminalInputParser(std::move(out));
-
-  char c;
-  while (!*quit) {
-    while (read(STDIN_FILENO, &c, 1), c)
-      parser.Add(c);
-
-    emscripten_sleep(1);
-    parser.Timeout(1);
-  }
-}
-
 extern "C" {
 EMSCRIPTEN_KEEPALIVE
 void ftxui_on_resize(int columns, int rows) {
@@ -162,33 +112,15 @@ void ftxui_on_resize(int columns, int rows) {
 
 #else  // POSIX (Linux & Mac)
 
-int CheckStdinReady(int usec_timeout) {
-  timeval tv = {0, usec_timeout};  // NOLINT
+int CheckStdinReady(int fd) {
+  timeval tv = {0, 0};  // NOLINT
   fd_set fds;
   FD_ZERO(&fds);                                // NOLINT
-  FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &fds);                             // NOLINT
-  select(STDIN_FILENO + 1, &fds, nullptr, nullptr, &tv);  // NOLINT
-  return FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &fds);                    // NOLINT
+  FD_SET(fd, &fds);                             // NOLINT
+  select(fd + 1, &fds, nullptr, nullptr, &tv);  // NOLINT
+  return FD_ISSET(fd, &fds);                    // NOLINT
 }
 
-// Read char from the terminal.
-void EventListener(std::atomic<bool>* quit, Sender<Task> out) {
-  auto parser = TerminalInputParser(std::move(out));
-
-  while (!*quit) {
-    if (!CheckStdinReady(timeout_microseconds)) {
-      parser.Timeout(timeout_milliseconds);
-      continue;
-    }
-
-    const size_t buffer_size = 100;
-    std::array<char, buffer_size> buffer;                        // NOLINT;
-    size_t l = read(fileno(stdin), buffer.data(), buffer_size);  // NOLINT
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < l; ++i) {
-      parser.Add(buffer[i]);  // NOLINT
-    }
-  }
-}
 #endif
 
 std::stack<Closure> on_exit_functions;  // NOLINT
@@ -335,15 +267,6 @@ class CapturedMouseImpl : public CapturedMouseInterface {
   std::function<void(void)> callback_;
 };
 
-void AnimationListener(std::atomic<bool>* quit, Sender<Task> out) {
-  // Animation at around 60fps.
-  const auto time_delta = std::chrono::milliseconds(15);
-  while (!*quit) {
-    out->Send(AnimationTask());
-    std::this_thread::sleep_for(time_delta);
-  }
-}
-
 }  // namespace
 
 ScreenInteractive::ScreenInteractive(Dimension dimension,
@@ -353,7 +276,8 @@ ScreenInteractive::ScreenInteractive(Dimension dimension,
     : Screen(dimx, dimy),
       dimension_(dimension),
       use_alternative_screen_(use_alternative_screen) {
-  task_receiver_ = MakeReceiver<Task>();
+  internal_ = std::make_unique<Internal>(
+      [&](Event event) { PostEvent(std::move(event)); });
 }
 
 // static
@@ -414,6 +338,8 @@ ScreenInteractive ScreenInteractive::TerminalOutput() {
   };
 }
 
+ScreenInteractive::~ScreenInteractive() = default;
+
 /// Create a ScreenInteractive whose width and height match the component being
 /// drawn.
 // static
@@ -446,16 +372,24 @@ void ScreenInteractive::TrackMouse(bool enable) {
   track_mouse_ = enable;
 }
 
+/// @brief Enable or disable automatic piped input handling.
+/// When enabled, FTXUI will detect piped input and redirect stdin from /dev/tty
+/// for keyboard input, allowing applications to read piped data while still
+/// receiving interactive keyboard events.
+/// @param enable Whether to enable piped input handling. Default is true.
+/// @note This must be called before Loop().
+/// @note This feature is enabled by default.
+/// @note This feature is only available on POSIX systems (Linux/macOS).
+void ScreenInteractive::HandlePipedInput(bool enable) {
+  handle_piped_input_ = enable;
+}
+
 /// @brief Add a task to the main loop.
 /// It will be executed later, after every other scheduled tasks.
 void ScreenInteractive::Post(Task task) {
-  // Task/Events sent toward inactive screen or screen waiting to become
-  // inactive are dropped.
-  if (!task_sender_) {
-    return;
-  }
-
-  task_sender_->Send(std::move(task));
+  internal_->task_runner.PostTask([this, task = std::move(task)]() mutable {
+    HandleTask(component_, task);
+  });
 }
 
 /// @brief Add an event to the main loop.
@@ -499,7 +433,7 @@ void ScreenInteractive::Loop(Component component) {  // NOLINT
 
 /// @brief Return whether the main loop has been quit.
 bool ScreenInteractive::HasQuitted() {
-  return task_receiver_->HasQuitted();
+  return quit_;
 }
 
 // private
@@ -605,6 +539,8 @@ void ScreenInteractive::Install() {
   // https://github.com/ArthurSonzogni/FTXUI/issues/846
   Flush();
 
+  InstallPipedInputHandling();
+
   // After uninstalling the new configuration, flush it to the terminal to
   // ensure it is fully applied:
   on_exit_functions.emplace([] { Flush(); });
@@ -656,15 +592,24 @@ void ScreenInteractive::Install() {
 
   SetConsoleMode(stdin_handle, in_mode);
   SetConsoleMode(stdout_handle, out_mode);
-#else
+#else  // POSIX (Linux & Mac)
+  // #if defined(__EMSCRIPTEN__)
+  //// Reading stdin isn't blocking.
+  // int flags = fcntl(0, F_GETFL, 0);
+  // fcntl(0, F_SETFL, flags | O_NONBLOCK);
+
+  //// Restore the terminal configuration on exit.
+  // on_exit_functions.emplace([flags] { fcntl(0, F_SETFL, flags); });
+  // #endif
   for (const int signal : {SIGWINCH, SIGTSTP}) {
     InstallSignalHandler(signal);
   }
 
   struct termios terminal;  // NOLINT
-  tcgetattr(STDIN_FILENO, &terminal);
-  on_exit_functions.emplace(
-      [=] { tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &terminal); });
+  tcgetattr(tty_fd_, &terminal);
+  on_exit_functions.emplace([terminal = terminal, tty_fd_ = tty_fd_] {
+    tcsetattr(tty_fd_, TCSANOW, &terminal);
+  });
 
   // Enabling raw terminal input mode
   terminal.c_iflag &= ~IGNBRK;  // Disable ignoring break condition
@@ -692,7 +637,7 @@ void ScreenInteractive::Install() {
                              // read.
   terminal.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;  // Timeout in deciseconds for non-canonical read.
 
-  tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &terminal);
+  tcsetattr(tty_fd_, TCSANOW, &terminal);
 
 #endif
 
@@ -729,40 +674,88 @@ void ScreenInteractive::Install() {
   Flush();
 
   quit_ = false;
-  task_sender_ = task_receiver_->MakeSender();
-  event_listener_ =
-      std::thread(&EventListener, &quit_, task_receiver_->MakeSender());
-  animation_listener_ =
-      std::thread(&AnimationListener, &quit_, task_receiver_->MakeSender());
+
+  PostAnimationTask();
+}
+
+void ScreenInteractive::InstallPipedInputHandling() {
+#if !defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__EMSCRIPTEN__)
+  tty_fd_ = STDIN_FILENO;
+  // Handle piped input redirection if explicitly enabled by the application.
+  // This allows applications to read data from stdin while still receiving
+  // keyboard input from the terminal for interactive use.
+  if (!handle_piped_input_) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // If stdin is a terminal, we don't need to open /dev/tty.
+  if (isatty(STDIN_FILENO)) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Open /dev/tty for keyboard input.
+  tty_fd_ = open("/dev/tty", O_RDONLY);
+  if (tty_fd_ < 0) {
+    // Failed to open /dev/tty (containers, headless systems, etc.)
+    tty_fd_ = STDIN_FILENO;  // Fallback to stdin.
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Close the /dev/tty file descriptor on exit.
+  on_exit_functions.emplace([this] {
+    close(tty_fd_);
+    tty_fd_ = -1;
+  });
+#endif
 }
 
 // private
 void ScreenInteractive::Uninstall() {
   ExitNow();
-  event_listener_.join();
-  animation_listener_.join();
   OnExit();
 }
 
 // private
 // NOLINTNEXTLINE
 void ScreenInteractive::RunOnceBlocking(Component component) {
-  ExecuteSignalHandlers();
-  Task task;
-  if (task_receiver_->Receive(&task)) {
-    HandleTask(component, task);
-  }
+  // Set FPS to 60 at most.
+  const auto time_per_frame = std::chrono::microseconds(16666);  // 1s / 60fps
+
+  auto time = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+  size_t executed_task = internal_->task_runner.ExecutedTasks();
+
+  // Wait for at least one task to execute.
+  while (executed_task == internal_->task_runner.ExecutedTasks() &&
+         !HasQuitted()) {
     RunOnce(component);
+
+    const auto now = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+    const auto delta = now - time;
+    time = now;
+
+    if (delta < time_per_frame) {
+      const auto sleep_duration = time_per_frame - delta;
+      std::this_thread::sleep_for(sleep_duration);
+    }
+  }
 }
 
 // private
 void ScreenInteractive::RunOnce(Component component) {
-  Task task;
-  while (task_receiver_->ReceiveNonBlocking(&task)) {
-    HandleTask(component, task);
+  AutoReset set_component(&component_, component);
   ExecuteSignalHandlers();
+  FetchTerminalEvents();
+
+  // Execute the pending tasks from the queue.
+  const size_t executed_task = internal_->task_runner.ExecutedTasks();
+  internal_->task_runner.RunUntilIdle();
+  // If no executed task, we can return early without redrawing the screen.
+  if (executed_task == internal_->task_runner.ExecutedTasks()) {
+    return;
   }
-  Draw(std::move(component));
+
+  ExecuteSignalHandlers();
+  Draw(component);
 
   if (selection_data_previous_ != selection_data_) {
     selection_data_previous_ = selection_data_;
@@ -783,6 +776,7 @@ void ScreenInteractive::HandleTask(Component component, Task& task) {
         // clang-format off
     // Handle Event.
     if constexpr (std::is_same_v<T, Event>) {
+
       if (arg.is_cursor_position()) {
         cursor_x_ = arg.cursor_x();
         cursor_y_ = arg.cursor_y();
@@ -1034,7 +1028,6 @@ void ScreenInteractive::Exit() {
 // private:
 void ScreenInteractive::ExitNow() {
   quit_ = true;
-  task_sender_.reset();
 }
 
 // private:
@@ -1061,12 +1054,130 @@ void ScreenInteractive::Signal(int signal) {
   }
 
   if (signal == SIGWINCH) {
-    Post(Event::Special({0}));
+    Post(Event::Special(std::string({0})));
     return;
   }
 #endif
 }
 
+void ScreenInteractive::FetchTerminalEvents() {
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+  auto get_input_records = [&]() -> std::vector<INPUT_RECORD> {
+    // Check if there is input in the console.
+    auto console = GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE);
+    DWORD number_of_events = 0;
+    if (!GetNumberOfConsoleInputEvents(console, &number_of_events)) {
+      return std::vector<INPUT_RECORD>();
+    }
+    if (number_of_events <= 0) {
+      // No input, return.
+      return std::vector<INPUT_RECORD>();
+    }
+    // Read the input events.
+    std::vector<INPUT_RECORD> records(number_of_events);
+    DWORD number_of_events_read = 0;
+    if (!ReadConsoleInput(console, records.data(), (DWORD)records.size(),
+                          &number_of_events_read)) {
+      return std::vector<INPUT_RECORD>();
+    }
+    records.resize(number_of_events_read);
+    return records;
+  };
+
+  auto records = get_input_records();
+  if (records.size() == 0) {
+    const auto timeout =
+        std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - internal_->last_char_time;
+    const size_t timeout_microseconds =
+        std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds>(timeout).count();
+    internal_->terminal_input_parser.Timeout(timeout_microseconds);
+    return;
+  }
+  internal_->last_char_time = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+
+  // Convert the input events to FTXUI events.
+  // For each event, we call the terminal input parser to convert it to
+  // Event.
+  std::wstring wstring;
+  for (const auto& r : records) {
+    switch (r.EventType) {
+      case KEY_EVENT: {
+        auto key_event = r.Event.KeyEvent;
+        // ignore UP key events
+        if (key_event.bKeyDown == FALSE) {
+          continue;
+        }
+        const wchar_t wc = key_event.uChar.UnicodeChar;
+        wstring += wc;
+        if (wc >= 0xd800 && wc <= 0xdbff) {
+          // Wait for the Low Surrogate to arrive in the next record.
+          continue;
+        }
+        for (auto it : to_string(wstring)) {
+          internal_->terminal_input_parser.Add(it);
+        }
+        wstring.clear();
+      } break;
+      case WINDOW_BUFFER_SIZE_EVENT:
+        Post(Event::Special({0}));
+        break;
+      case MENU_EVENT:
+      case FOCUS_EVENT:
+      case MOUSE_EVENT:
+        // TODO(mauve): Implement later.
+        break;
+    }
+  }
+#elif defined(__EMSCRIPTEN__)
+  // Read chars from the terminal.
+  // We configured it to be non blocking.
+  std::array<char, 128> out{};
+  size_t l = read(STDIN_FILENO, out.data(), out.size());
+  if (l == 0) {
+    const auto timeout =
+        std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - internal_->last_char_time;
+    const size_t timeout_microseconds =
+        std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds>(timeout).count();
+    internal_->terminal_input_parser.Timeout(timeout_microseconds);
+    return;
+  }
+  internal_->last_char_time = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+
+  // Convert the chars to events.
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < l; ++i) {
+    internal_->terminal_input_parser.Add(out[i]);
+  }
+#else  // POSIX (Linux & Mac)
+  if (!CheckStdinReady(tty_fd_)) {
+    const auto timeout =
+        std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - internal_->last_char_time;
+    const size_t timeout_ms =
+        std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(timeout).count();
+    internal_->terminal_input_parser.Timeout(timeout_ms);
+    return;
+  }
+  internal_->last_char_time = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+
+  // Read chars from the terminal.
+  std::array<char, 128> out{};
+  size_t l = read(tty_fd_, out.data(), out.size());
+
+  // Convert the chars to events.
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < l; ++i) {
+    internal_->terminal_input_parser.Add(out[i]);
+  }
+#endif
+}
+
+void ScreenInteractive::PostAnimationTask() {
+  Post(AnimationTask());
+
+  // Repeat the animation task every 15ms. This correspond to a frame rate
+  // of around 66fps.
+  internal_->task_runner.PostDelayedTask([this] { PostAnimationTask(); },
+                                         std::chrono::milliseconds(15));
+}
+
 bool ScreenInteractive::SelectionData::operator==(
     const ScreenInteractive::SelectionData& other) const {
   if (empty && other.empty) {

src/ftxui/component/screen_interactive.cppm

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-/// @module ftxui.component.screen_interactive
+/// @module ftxui.component:ScreenInteractive
 /// @brief Module file for the ScreenInteractive class of the Component module
 
 module;
 
 #include <ftxui/component/screen_interactive.hpp>
 
-export module ftxui.component.screen_interactive;
+export module ftxui.component:ScreenInteractive;
 
 /**
  * @namespace ftxui

src/ftxui/component/screen_interactive_piped_input_test.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+// Copyright 2025 Arthur Sonzogni. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by the MIT license that can be found in
+// the LICENSE file.
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+
+#include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"
+#include "ftxui/component/screen_interactive.hpp"
+#include "ftxui/dom/elements.hpp"
+
+#if !defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__EMSCRIPTEN__)
+
+namespace ftxui {
+
+namespace {
+
+// Test fixture for piped input functionality
+class PipedInputTest : public ::testing::Test {
+ protected:
+  void SetUp() override {
+    // Save original stdin for restoration
+    original_stdin_ = dup(STDIN_FILENO);
+  }
+
+  void TearDown() override {
+    // Restore original stdin
+    if (original_stdin_ >= 0) {
+      dup2(original_stdin_, STDIN_FILENO);
+      close(original_stdin_);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Create a pipe and redirect stdin to read from it
+  void SetupPipedStdin() {
+    if (pipe(pipe_fds_) == 0) {
+      dup2(pipe_fds_[0], STDIN_FILENO);
+      close(pipe_fds_[0]);
+      // Keep write end open for writing test data
+      piped_stdin_setup_ = true;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Write test data to the piped stdin
+  void WriteToPipedStdin(const std::string& data) {
+    if (piped_stdin_setup_) {
+      write(pipe_fds_[1], data.c_str(), data.length());
+      close(pipe_fds_[1]);  // Close write end to signal EOF
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Check if /dev/tty is available (not available in some CI environments)
+  bool IsTtyAvailable() {
+    struct stat st;
+    return stat("/dev/tty", &st) == 0;
+  }
+
+ private:
+  int original_stdin_ = -1;
+  int pipe_fds_[2] = {-1, -1};
+  bool piped_stdin_setup_ = false;
+};
+
+TEST_F(PipedInputTest, DefaultBehaviorEnabled) {
+  // Test that HandlePipedInput is enabled by default
+  if (!IsTtyAvailable()) {
+    GTEST_SKIP() << "/dev/tty not available in this environment";
+  }
+
+  auto screen = ScreenInteractive::TerminalOutput();
+  auto component = Renderer([] { return text("test"); });
+
+  SetupPipedStdin();
+  WriteToPipedStdin("test data\n");
+
+  // Install should redirect stdin since HandlePipedInput is on by default
+  screen.Install();
+
+  // Stdin should be the tty
+  EXPECT_TRUE(isatty(STDIN_FILENO));
+
+  screen.Uninstall();
+}
+
+TEST_F(PipedInputTest, ExplicitlyDisabled) {
+  // Test that explicitly disabling works
+  auto screen = ScreenInteractive::TerminalOutput();
+  screen.HandlePipedInput(false);
+  auto component = Renderer([] { return text("test"); });
+
+  SetupPipedStdin();
+  WriteToPipedStdin("test data\n");
+
+  screen.Install();
+
+  // Stdin should still be the pipe since feature is disabled
+  EXPECT_FALSE(isatty(STDIN_FILENO));
+
+  screen.Uninstall();
+}
+
+TEST_F(PipedInputTest, ExplicitlyEnabled) {
+  if (!IsTtyAvailable()) {
+    GTEST_SKIP() << "/dev/tty not available in this environment";
+  }
+
+  auto screen = ScreenInteractive::TerminalOutput();
+  screen.HandlePipedInput(true);  // Explicitly enable
+  auto component = Renderer([] { return text("test"); });
+
+  SetupPipedStdin();
+  WriteToPipedStdin("test data\n");
+
+  // Before install: stdin should be piped
+  EXPECT_FALSE(isatty(STDIN_FILENO));
+
+  screen.Install();
+
+  // After install with piped input handling: stdin should be redirected to tty
+  EXPECT_TRUE(isatty(STDIN_FILENO));
+
+  screen.Uninstall();
+
+  // After uninstall: stdin should be restored to original state
+  // Note: This will be the pipe we set up, so it should be non-tty
+  EXPECT_FALSE(isatty(STDIN_FILENO));
+}
+
+TEST_F(PipedInputTest, NormalStdinUnchanged) {
+  // Test that normal stdin (not piped) is not affected
+  auto screen = ScreenInteractive::TerminalOutput();
+  auto component = Renderer([] { return text("test"); });
+
+  // Don't setup piped stdin - use normal stdin
+  bool original_isatty = isatty(STDIN_FILENO);
+
+  screen.Install();
+
+  // Stdin should remain unchanged
+  EXPECT_EQ(original_isatty, isatty(STDIN_FILENO));
+
+  screen.Uninstall();
+
+  // Stdin should still be unchanged
+  EXPECT_EQ(original_isatty, isatty(STDIN_FILENO));
+}
+
+TEST_F(PipedInputTest, MultipleInstallUninstallCycles) {
+  if (!IsTtyAvailable()) {
+    GTEST_SKIP() << "/dev/tty not available in this environment";
+  }
+
+  auto screen = ScreenInteractive::TerminalOutput();
+  auto component = Renderer([] { return text("test"); });
+
+  SetupPipedStdin();
+  WriteToPipedStdin("test data\n");
+
+  // First cycle
+  screen.Install();
+  EXPECT_TRUE(isatty(STDIN_FILENO));
+  screen.Uninstall();
+  EXPECT_FALSE(isatty(STDIN_FILENO));
+
+  // Second cycle should work the same
+  screen.Install();
+  EXPECT_TRUE(isatty(STDIN_FILENO));
+  screen.Uninstall();
+  EXPECT_FALSE(isatty(STDIN_FILENO));
+}
+
+TEST_F(PipedInputTest, HandlePipedInputMethodBehavior) {
+  auto screen = ScreenInteractive::TerminalOutput();
+
+  // Test method can be called multiple times
+  screen.HandlePipedInput(true);
+  screen.HandlePipedInput(false);
+  screen.HandlePipedInput(true);
+
+  // Should be enabled after last call
+  SetupPipedStdin();
+  WriteToPipedStdin("test data\n");
+
+  if (IsTtyAvailable()) {
+    screen.Install();
+    EXPECT_TRUE(isatty(STDIN_FILENO));
+    screen.Uninstall();
+  }
+}
+
+// Test the graceful fallback when /dev/tty is not available
+// This test simulates environments like containers where /dev/tty might not
+// exist
+TEST_F(PipedInputTest, GracefulFallbackWhenTtyUnavailable) {
+  auto screen = ScreenInteractive::TerminalOutput();
+  auto component = Renderer([] { return text("test"); });
+
+  SetupPipedStdin();
+  WriteToPipedStdin("test data\n");
+
+  // This test doesn't directly mock /dev/tty unavailability since that's hard
+  // to do in a unit test environment, but the code path handles freopen()
+  // failure gracefully
+  screen.Install();
+
+  // The behavior depends on whether /dev/tty is available
+  // If available, stdin gets redirected; if not, it remains piped
+  // Both behaviors are correct
+
+  screen.Uninstall();
+
+  // After uninstall, stdin should be restored
+  EXPECT_FALSE(isatty(STDIN_FILENO));  // Should still be our test pipe
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+}  // namespace ftxui
+
+#endif  // !defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__EMSCRIPTEN__)

src/ftxui/component/screen_interactive_test.cpp

@@ -27,9 +27,10 @@ namespace {
 // Capture the standard output (stdout) to a string.
 class StdCapture {
  public:
-  explicit StdCapture(std::string* captured)
-      : captured_(captured) {
-    if (pipe(pipefd_) != 0) return;
+  explicit StdCapture(std::string* captured) : captured_(captured) {
+    if (pipe(pipefd_) != 0) {
+      return;
+    }
     old_stdout_ = dup(fileno(stdout));
     fflush(stdout);
     dup2(pipefd_[1], fileno(stdout));
@@ -188,14 +189,14 @@ TEST(ScreenInteractive, FixedSizeInitialFrame) {
     auto capture = StdCapture(&output);
 
     auto screen = ScreenInteractive::FixedSize(2, 2);
-    auto component = Renderer([&] {
-      return text("AB");
-    });
+    auto component = Renderer([&] { return text("AB"); });
 
     Loop loop(&screen, component);
     loop.RunOnce();
   }
-  ASSERT_EQ(
+  using namespace std::string_view_literals;
+
+  auto expected =
       // Install the ScreenInteractive.
       "\0"           // Flush stdout.
       "\x1BP$q q"    // Set cursor shape to 1 (block).
@@ -236,10 +237,9 @@ TEST(ScreenInteractive, FixedSizeInitialFrame) {
       "\0"           // Flush stdout.
 
       // Skip one line to avoid the prompt to be printed over the last drawing.
-      "\r\n",
-      output);
+      "\r\n"sv;
+  ASSERT_EQ(expected, output);
 #endif
-
 }
 
 }  // namespace ftxui

src/ftxui/component/slider.cpp

@@ -33,6 +33,20 @@ Decorator flexDirection(Direction direction) {
   return xflex;  // NOT_REACHED()
 }
 
+Direction Opposite(Direction d) {
+  switch (d) {
+    case Direction::Up:
+      return Direction::Down;
+    case Direction::Down:
+      return Direction::Up;
+    case Direction::Left:
+      return Direction::Right;
+    case Direction::Right:
+      return Direction::Left;
+  }
+  return d;  // NOT_REACHED()
+}
+
 template <class T>
 class SliderBase : public SliderOption<T>, public ComponentBase {
  public:
@@ -47,59 +61,15 @@ class SliderBase : public SliderOption<T>, public ComponentBase {
            flexDirection(this->direction) | reflect(gauge_box_) | gauge_color;
   }
 
-  void OnLeft() {
-    switch (this->direction) {
-      case Direction::Right:
-        this->value() -= this->increment();
-        break;
-      case Direction::Left:
+  void OnDirection(Direction pressed) {
+    if (pressed == this->direction) {
       this->value() += this->increment();
-        break;
-      case Direction::Up:
-      case Direction::Down:
-        break;
-    }
+      return;
     }
 
-  void OnRight() {
-    switch (this->direction) {
-      case Direction::Right:
-        this->value() += this->increment();
-        break;
-      case Direction::Left:
+    if (pressed == Opposite(this->direction)) {
       this->value() -= this->increment();
-        break;
-      case Direction::Up:
-      case Direction::Down:
-        break;
-    }
-  }
-
-  void OnUp() {
-    switch (this->direction) {
-      case Direction::Up:
-        this->value() -= this->increment();
-        break;
-      case Direction::Down:
-        this->value() += this->increment();
-        break;
-      case Direction::Left:
-      case Direction::Right:
-        break;
-    }
-  }
-
-  void OnDown() {
-    switch (this->direction) {
-      case Direction::Down:
-        this->value() += this->increment();
-        break;
-      case Direction::Up:
-        this->value() -= this->increment();
-        break;
-      case Direction::Left:
-      case Direction::Right:
-        break;
+      return;
     }
   }
 
@@ -110,16 +80,16 @@ class SliderBase : public SliderOption<T>, public ComponentBase {
 
     T old_value = this->value();
     if (event == Event::ArrowLeft || event == Event::Character('h')) {
-      OnLeft();
+      OnDirection(Direction::Left);
     }
     if (event == Event::ArrowRight || event == Event::Character('l')) {
-      OnRight();
+      OnDirection(Direction::Right);
     }
     if (event == Event::ArrowUp || event == Event::Character('k')) {
-      OnDown();
+      OnDirection(Direction::Up);
     }
     if (event == Event::ArrowDown || event == Event::Character('j')) {
-      OnUp();
+      OnDirection(Direction::Down);
     }
 
     this->value() = std::max(this->min(), std::min(this->max(), this->value()));

src/ftxui/component/task.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+// Copyright 2024 Arthur Sonzogni. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by the MIT license that can be found in
+// the LICENSE file.
+#include "ftxui/component/task_internal.hpp"
+
+namespace ftxui::task {
+bool PendingTask::operator<(const PendingTask& other) const {
+  if (!time && !other.time) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (!time) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  if (!other.time) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  return time.value() > other.time.value();
+}
+}  // namespace ftxui::task

src/ftxui/component/task.cppm

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-/// @module ftxui.component.task
+/// @module ftxui.component:Task
 /// @brief Module file for the Task class of the Component module
 
 module;
 
 #include <ftxui/component/task.hpp>
 
-export module ftxui.component.task;
+export module ftxui.component:Task;
 
 /**
  * @namespace ftxui

src/ftxui/component/task_internal.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+// Copyright 2024 Arthur Sonzogni. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by the MIT license that can be found in
+// the LICENSE file.
+#ifndef TASK_HPP
+#define TASK_HPP
+
+#include <chrono>
+#include <functional>
+#include <optional>
+
+namespace ftxui::task {
+
+/// A task represents a unit of work.
+using Task = std::function<void()>;
+
+/// A PendingTask represents a task that is scheduled to be executed at a
+/// specific time, or as soon as possible.
+struct PendingTask {
+  // Immediate task:
+  PendingTask(Task t) : task(std::move(t)) {}  // NOLINT
+
+  // Delayed task with a duration
+  PendingTask(Task t, std::chrono::steady_clock::duration duration)
+      : task(std::move(t)), time(std::chrono::steady_clock::now() + duration) {}
+
+  /// The task to be executed.
+  Task task;
+
+  /// The time when the task should be executed. If the time is empty, the task
+  /// should be executed as soon as possible.
+  std::optional<std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point> time;
+
+  /// Compare two PendingTasks by their time.
+  /// If both tasks have no time, they are considered equal.
+  bool operator<(const PendingTask& other) const;
+};
+
+}  // namespace ftxui::task
+
+#endif  // TASK_HPP_

src/ftxui/component/task_queue.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+// Copyright 2024 Arthur Sonzogni. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by the MIT license that can be found in
+// the LICENSE file.
+#include "ftxui/component/task_queue.hpp"
+
+namespace ftxui::task {
+
+auto TaskQueue::PostTask(PendingTask task) -> void {
+  if (!task.time) {
+    immediate_tasks_.push(task);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (task.time.value() < std::chrono::steady_clock::now()) {
+    immediate_tasks_.push(task);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  delayed_tasks_.push(task);
+}
+
+auto TaskQueue::Get() -> MaybeTask {
+  // Attempt to execute a task immediately.
+  if (!immediate_tasks_.empty()) {
+    auto task = immediate_tasks_.front();
+    immediate_tasks_.pop();
+    return task.task;
+  }
+
+  // Move all tasks that can be executed to the immediate queue.
+  auto now = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+  while (!delayed_tasks_.empty() && delayed_tasks_.top().time.value() <= now) {
+    immediate_tasks_.push(delayed_tasks_.top());
+    delayed_tasks_.pop();
+  }
+
+  // Attempt to execute a task immediately.
+  if (!immediate_tasks_.empty()) {
+    auto task = immediate_tasks_.front();
+    immediate_tasks_.pop();
+    return task.task;
+  }
+
+  // If there are no tasks to execute, return the delay until the next task.
+  if (!delayed_tasks_.empty()) {
+    return delayed_tasks_.top().time.value() - now;
+  }
+
+  // If there are no tasks to execute, return the maximum duration.
+  return std::monostate{};
+}
+
+}  // namespace ftxui::task

src/ftxui/component/task_queue.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+// Copyright 2024 Arthur Sonzogni. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by the MIT license that can be found in
+// the LICENSE file.
+#ifndef TASK_QUEUE_HPP
+#define TASK_QUEUE_HPP
+
+#include <queue>
+#include <variant>
+
+#include "ftxui/component/task_internal.hpp"  // for PendingTask, Task
+
+namespace ftxui::task {
+
+/// A task queue that schedules tasks to be executed in the future. Tasks can be
+/// scheduled to be executed immediately, or after a certain duration.
+/// - The tasks are executed in the order they were scheduled.
+/// - If multiple tasks are scheduled to be executed at the same time, they are
+///   executed in the order they were scheduled.
+/// - If a task is scheduled to be executed in the past, it is executed
+///   immediately.
+struct TaskQueue {
+  auto PostTask(PendingTask task) -> void;
+
+  using MaybeTask =
+      std::variant<Task, std::chrono::steady_clock::duration, std::monostate>;
+  auto Get() -> MaybeTask;
+
+  bool HasImmediateTasks() const { return !immediate_tasks_.empty(); }
+
+ private:
+  std::queue<PendingTask> immediate_tasks_;
+  std::priority_queue<PendingTask> delayed_tasks_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace ftxui::task
+
+#endif

src/ftxui/component/task_runner.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+// Copyright 2024 Arthur Sonzogni. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by the MIT license that can be found in
+// the LICENSE file.
+#include "ftxui/component/task_runner.hpp"
+
+#include <cassert>
+#include <thread>
+
+namespace ftxui::task {
+
+static thread_local TaskRunner* current_task_runner = nullptr;  // NOLINT
+
+TaskRunner::TaskRunner() {
+  assert(!previous_task_runner_);
+  previous_task_runner_ = current_task_runner;
+  current_task_runner = this;
+}
+
+TaskRunner::~TaskRunner() {
+  current_task_runner = previous_task_runner_;
+}
+
+// static
+auto TaskRunner::Current() -> TaskRunner* {
+  assert(current_task_runner);
+  return current_task_runner;
+}
+
+auto TaskRunner::PostTask(Task task) -> void {
+  queue_.PostTask(PendingTask{std::move(task)});
+}
+
+auto TaskRunner::PostDelayedTask(Task task,
+                                 std::chrono::steady_clock::duration duration)
+    -> void {
+  queue_.PostTask(PendingTask{std::move(task), duration});
+}
+
+/// Runs the tasks in the queue.
+auto TaskRunner::RunUntilIdle()
+    -> std::optional<std::chrono::steady_clock::duration> {
+  while (true) {
+    auto maybe_task = queue_.Get();
+    if (std::holds_alternative<std::monostate>(maybe_task)) {
+      // No more tasks to execute, exit the loop.
+      return std::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    if (std::holds_alternative<Task>(maybe_task)) {
+      executed_tasks_++;
+      std::get<Task>(maybe_task)();
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    if (std::holds_alternative<std::chrono::steady_clock::duration>(
+            maybe_task)) {
+      return std::get<std::chrono::steady_clock::duration>(maybe_task);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+auto TaskRunner::Run() -> void {
+  while (true) {
+    auto duration = RunUntilIdle();
+    if (!duration) {
+      // No more tasks to execute, exit the loop.
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // Sleep for the duration until the next task can be executed.
+    std::this_thread::sleep_for(duration.value());
+  }
+}
+
+}  // namespace ftxui::task

src/ftxui/component/task_runner.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+// Copyright 2024 Arthur Sonzogni. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by the MIT license that can be found in
+// the LICENSE file.
+#ifndef TASK_RUNNER_HPP
+#define TASK_RUNNER_HPP
+
+#include "ftxui/component/task_internal.hpp"
+#include "ftxui/component/task_queue.hpp"
+
+namespace ftxui::task {
+
+class TaskRunner {
+ public:
+  TaskRunner();
+  ~TaskRunner();
+
+  // Returns the task runner for the current thread.
+  static auto Current() -> TaskRunner*;
+
+  /// Schedules a task to be executed immediately.
+  auto PostTask(Task task) -> void;
+
+  /// Schedules a task to be executed after a certain duration.
+  auto PostDelayedTask(Task task, std::chrono::steady_clock::duration duration)
+      -> void;
+
+  /// Runs the tasks in the queue, return the delay until the next delayed task
+  /// can be executed.
+  auto RunUntilIdle() -> std::optional<std::chrono::steady_clock::duration>;
+
+  // Runs the tasks in the queue, blocking until all tasks are executed.
+  auto Run() -> void;
+
+  bool HasImmediateTasks() const { return queue_.HasImmediateTasks(); }
+
+  size_t ExecutedTasks() const { return executed_tasks_; }
+
+ private:
+  TaskRunner* previous_task_runner_ = nullptr;
+  TaskQueue queue_;
+  size_t executed_tasks_ = 0;
+};
+
+}  // namespace ftxui::task
+
+#endif  // TASK_RUNNER_HPP

src/ftxui/component/task_test.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+// Copyright 2024 Arthur Sonzogni. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by the MIT license that can be found in
+// the LICENSE file.
+// Copyright 2024 Arthur Sonzogni. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by the MIT license that can be found in
+// the LICENSE file.
+#include "ftxui/component/task_internal.hpp"
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include <thread>  // for sleep_for
+#include "ftxui/component/task_runner.hpp"
+
+namespace ftxui::task {
+
+TEST(TaskTest, Basic) {
+  std::vector<int> values;
+
+  auto task_1 = [&values] { values.push_back(1); };
+  auto task_2 = [&values] { values.push_back(2); };
+  auto task_3 = [&values] { values.push_back(3); };
+
+  auto runner = TaskRunner();
+
+  runner.PostTask(task_1);
+  runner.PostTask(task_2);
+  runner.PostTask(task_3);
+  while (true) {
+    auto duration = runner.RunUntilIdle();
+    if (!duration) {
+      break;
+    }
+    std::this_thread::sleep_for(duration.value());
+  }
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(values, (std::vector<int>{1, 2, 3}));
+}
+
+TEST(TaskTest, PostedWithinTask) {
+  std::vector<int> values;
+
+  auto task_1 = [&values] {
+    values.push_back(1);
+    auto task_2 = [&values] { values.push_back(5); };
+    TaskRunner::Current()->PostTask(std::move(task_2));
+    values.push_back(2);
+  };
+
+  auto task_2 = [&values] {
+    values.push_back(3);
+    auto task_2 = [&values] { values.push_back(6); };
+    TaskRunner::Current()->PostTask(std::move(task_2));
+    values.push_back(4);
+  };
+
+  auto runner = TaskRunner();
+
+  runner.PostTask(task_1);
+  runner.PostTask(task_2);
+  while (true) {
+    auto duration = runner.RunUntilIdle();
+    if (!duration) {
+      break;
+    }
+    std::this_thread::sleep_for(duration.value());
+  }
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(values, (std::vector<int>{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}));
+}
+
+TEST(TaskTest, RunDelayedTask) {
+  std::vector<int> values;
+
+  auto task_1 = [&values] { values.push_back(1); };
+  auto task_2 = [&values] { values.push_back(2); };
+  auto task_3 = [&values] { values.push_back(3); };
+
+  auto runner = TaskRunner();
+
+  runner.PostDelayedTask(task_3, std::chrono::milliseconds(300));
+  runner.PostDelayedTask(task_1, std::chrono::milliseconds(100));
+  runner.PostDelayedTask(task_2, std::chrono::milliseconds(200));
+  while (true) {
+    auto duration = runner.RunUntilIdle();
+    if (!duration) {
+      break;
+    }
+    std::this_thread::sleep_for(duration.value());
+  }
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(values, (std::vector<int>{1, 2, 3}));
+}
+
+}  // namespace ftxui::task