5 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
ArthurSonzogni
8bdf7cd701 Fix windows build.
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2025-10-19 19:34:52 +02:00
ArthurSonzogni
01d2451dfd Fix build. 2025-10-19 18:24:39 +02:00
Harri Pehkonen
1d0913bfb9 Adds opt-in support for applications that need to read piped data from stdin while still receiving interactive keyboard input (#1094)
Enables applications to read piped data while maintaining interactive
keyboard input by redirecting stdin to /dev/tty when explicitly enabled.


Co-authored-by: ArthurSonzogni <sonzogniarthur@gmail.com>
2025-10-19 17:17:28 +02:00
ArthurSonzogni
a0ce9bf55d Fix previous patch. 2025-10-19 17:08:39 +02:00
Nicolas Busser
09e690f8ab Add Merge() specializations to support more Element containers (#1117)
`Merge()` was previously only supporting `Elements` as a `Element` container.  
This PR adds specialization for:
- all the containers that matches the concept `std::ranges::range`
- `std::queue`
- `std::stack`

Co-authored-by: ArthurSonzogni <sonzogniarthur@gmail.com>
Bug:https://github.com/ArthurSonzogni/FTXUI/issues/1108
Fixed:https://github.com/ArthurSonzogni/FTXUI/issues/1108
2025-10-19 16:53:33 +02:00
13 changed files with 458 additions and 46 deletions

1
.gitignore vendored
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@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ out/
!doc/**/*.html
!doc/**/*.xml
!doc/**/*.md
!doc/*.md
# examples directory:
!examples/**/*.cpp

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@@ -27,6 +27,12 @@ Next
- Remove dependency on 'pthread'.
### Component
- Feature: POSIX Piped Input Handling.
- Allows FTXUI applications to read data from stdin (when piped) while still receiving keyboard input from the terminal.
- Enabled by default.
- Can be disabled using `ScreenInteractive::HandlePipedInput(false)`.
- Only available on Linux and macOS.
Thanks @HarryPehkonen for PR #1094.
- Fix ScreenInteractive::FixedSize screen stomps on the preceding terminal
output. Thanks @zozowell in #1064.
- Fix vertical `ftxui::Slider`. The "up" key was previously decreasing the
@@ -35,6 +41,8 @@ Next
### Dom
- Fix integer overflow in `ComputeShrinkHard`. Thanks @its-pablo in #1137 for
reporting and fixing the issue.
- Add specialization for `vbox/hbox/dbox` to allow a container of Element as
as input. Thanks @nbusser in #1117.
6.1.9 (2025-05-07)
------------

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@@ -382,6 +382,8 @@ Several games using the FTXUI have been made during the Game Jam:
- [smoothlife](https://github.com/cpp-best-practices/game_jam/blob/main/Jam1_April_2022/smoothlife.md)
- [Consu](https://github.com/cpp-best-practices/game_jam/blob/main/Jam1_April_2022/consu.md)
## Build using CMake
It is **highly** recommended to use CMake FetchContent to depend on FTXUI so you may specify which commit you would like to depend on.

58
doc/posix_pipe.md Normal file
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@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
# POSIX Piped Input in FTXUI
> [!WARNING]
> This feature works only on Linux and macOS. It is not supported on
> Windows and WebAssembly.
## What is a POSIX Pipe?
A POSIX pipe is a way for two separate programs to communicate. One program sends its output directly as input to another program. Think of it like a one-way tube for data.
**Example:**
Imagine you want to list files and then filter them interactively.
- `ls`: Lists files.
- `interactive_grep`: An FTXUI application that filters text and lets you type.
You can connect them with a pipe (`|`):
```bash
ls -l | interactive_grep
```
Here's what happens:
1. `ls -l` lists files with details.
2. The `|` sends this list directly to `interactive_grep`.
3. `interactive_grep` receives the list and displays it. Because it's an FTXUI app, you can then type to filter the list, even though it received initial data from `ls`.
## How FTXUI Handles Piped Input
Now that you understand what a POSIX pipe is, let's look at how FTXUI uses them.
FTXUI lets your application read data from other programs (like from a pipe) while still allowing you to use your keyboard for interaction. This is useful for interactive command-line tools that process data.
Normally, FTXUI applications receive all input from `stdin`. However, when FTXUI detects that `stdin` is connected to the output of a pipe (meaning data is being piped into your application), it automatically switches to reading interactive keyboard input from `/dev/tty`. This ensures that your application can still receive user input even while processing piped data.
This feature is **turned on by default**.
If your FTXUI application needs to read piped data and also respond to keyboard input, you typically don't need to do anything special:
```cpp
auto screen = ScreenInteractive::Fullscreen();
// screen.HandlePipedInput(true); // This is enabled by default
screen.Loop(component);
```
## Turning Off Piped Input
If you don't need this feature, or if it conflicts with your custom input handling, you can turn it off.
To disable it, call `HandlePipedInput(false)` before starting your application's main loop:
```cpp
auto screen = ScreenInteractive::Fullscreen();
screen.HandlePipedInput(false); // Turn off piped input handling
screen.Loop(component);
```

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@@ -43,10 +43,11 @@ class ScreenInteractive : public Screen {
static ScreenInteractive TerminalOutput();
// Destructor.
~ScreenInteractive();
~ScreenInteractive() override;
// Options. Must be called before Loop().
void TrackMouse(bool enable = true);
void HandlePipedInput(bool enable = true);
// Return the currently active screen, nullptr if none.
static ScreenInteractive* Active();
@@ -100,6 +101,8 @@ class ScreenInteractive : public Screen {
void Draw(Component component);
void ResetCursorPosition();
void InstallPipedInputHandling();
void Signal(int signal);
void FetchTerminalEvents();
@@ -117,6 +120,7 @@ class ScreenInteractive : public Screen {
int dimx,
int dimy,
bool use_alternative_screen);
const Dimension dimension_;
const bool use_alternative_screen_;
@@ -141,6 +145,11 @@ class ScreenInteractive : public Screen {
bool force_handle_ctrl_c_ = true;
bool force_handle_ctrl_z_ = true;
// Piped input handling state (POSIX only)
bool handle_piped_input_ = true;
// File descriptor for /dev/tty, used for piped input handling.
int tty_fd_ = -1;
// The style of the cursor to restore on exit.
int cursor_reset_shape_ = 1;

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@@ -5,25 +5,18 @@
#define FTXUI_DOM_TAKE_ANY_ARGS_HPP
// IWYU pragma: private, include "ftxui/dom/elements.hpp"
#include <deque>
#include <ftxui/dom/node.hpp>
#include <queue>
#include <stack>
#include <vector>
namespace ftxui {
template <class T>
void Merge(Elements& /*container*/, T /*element*/) {}
template <>
inline void Merge(Elements& container, Element element) {
container.push_back(std::move(element));
}
template <>
inline void Merge(Elements& container, Elements elements) {
for (auto& element : elements) {
container.push_back(std::move(element));
}
}
// Turn a set of arguments into a vector.
template <class... Args>
Elements unpack(Args... args) {
@@ -32,11 +25,50 @@ Elements unpack(Args... args) {
return vec;
}
// Make |container| able to take any number of argments.
// Make |container| able to take any number of arguments.
#define TAKE_ANY_ARGS(container) \
inline Element container(Element child) { \
return container(unpack(std::move(child))); \
} \
\
template <class... Args> \
Element container(Args... children) { \
inline Element container(Args... children) { \
return container(unpack(std::forward<Args>(children)...)); \
} \
\
template <class Container> \
inline Element container(Container&& children) { \
Elements elements; \
for (auto& child : children) { \
elements.push_back(std::move(child)); \
} \
return container(std::move(elements)); \
} \
template <> \
inline Element container(std::stack<Element>&& children) { \
Elements elements; \
while (!children.empty()) { \
elements.push_back(std::move(children.top())); \
children.pop(); \
} \
return container(std::move(elements)); \
} \
template <> \
inline Element container(std::queue<Element>&& children) { \
Elements elements; \
while (!children.empty()) { \
elements.push_back(std::move(children.front())); \
children.pop(); \
} \
return container(std::move(elements)); \
} \
template <> \
inline Element container(std::deque<Element>&& children) { \
Elements elements; \
for (auto& child : children) { \
elements.push_back(std::move(child)); \
} \
return container(std::move(elements)); \
}
TAKE_ANY_ARGS(vbox)

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@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ class InputBase : public ComponentBase, public InputOption {
elements.push_back(element);
}
auto element = vbox(std::move(elements), cursor_line) | frame;
auto element = vbox(std::move(elements)) | frame;
return transform_func({
std::move(element), hovered_, is_focused,
false // placeholder

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@@ -145,8 +145,8 @@ class MenuBase : public ComponentBase, public MenuOption {
}
const Element bar = IsHorizontal()
? hbox(std::move(elements), selected_focus_)
: vbox(std::move(elements), selected_focus_);
? hbox(std::move(elements))
: vbox(std::move(elements));
if (!underline.enabled) {
return bar | reflect(box_);

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@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ class RadioboxBase : public ComponentBase, public RadioboxOption {
}
elements.push_back(element | reflect(boxes_[i]));
}
return vbox(std::move(elements), hovered_) | reflect(box_);
return vbox(std::move(elements)) | reflect(box_);
}
// NOLINTNEXTLINE(readability-function-cognitive-complexity)

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@@ -112,13 +112,13 @@ void ftxui_on_resize(int columns, int rows) {
#else // POSIX (Linux & Mac)
int CheckStdinReady() {
int CheckStdinReady(int fd) {
timeval tv = {0, 0}; // NOLINT
fd_set fds;
FD_ZERO(&fds); // NOLINT
FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &fds); // NOLINT
select(STDIN_FILENO + 1, &fds, nullptr, nullptr, &tv); // NOLINT
return FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &fds); // NOLINT
FD_ZERO(&fds); // NOLINT
FD_SET(fd, &fds); // NOLINT
select(fd + 1, &fds, nullptr, nullptr, &tv); // NOLINT
return FD_ISSET(fd, &fds); // NOLINT
}
#endif
@@ -372,6 +372,18 @@ void ScreenInteractive::TrackMouse(bool enable) {
track_mouse_ = enable;
}
/// @brief Enable or disable automatic piped input handling.
/// When enabled, FTXUI will detect piped input and redirect stdin from /dev/tty
/// for keyboard input, allowing applications to read piped data while still
/// receiving interactive keyboard events.
/// @param enable Whether to enable piped input handling. Default is true.
/// @note This must be called before Loop().
/// @note This feature is enabled by default.
/// @note This feature is only available on POSIX systems (Linux/macOS).
void ScreenInteractive::HandlePipedInput(bool enable) {
handle_piped_input_ = enable;
}
/// @brief Add a task to the main loop.
/// It will be executed later, after every other scheduled tasks.
void ScreenInteractive::Post(Task task) {
@@ -527,6 +539,8 @@ void ScreenInteractive::Install() {
// https://github.com/ArthurSonzogni/FTXUI/issues/846
Flush();
InstallPipedInputHandling();
// After uninstalling the new configuration, flush it to the terminal to
// ensure it is fully applied:
on_exit_functions.emplace([] { Flush(); });
@@ -592,9 +606,10 @@ void ScreenInteractive::Install() {
}
struct termios terminal; // NOLINT
tcgetattr(STDIN_FILENO, &terminal);
on_exit_functions.emplace(
[=] { tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &terminal); });
tcgetattr(tty_fd_, &terminal);
on_exit_functions.emplace([terminal = terminal, tty_fd_ = tty_fd_] {
tcsetattr(tty_fd_, TCSANOW, &terminal);
});
// Enabling raw terminal input mode
terminal.c_iflag &= ~IGNBRK; // Disable ignoring break condition
@@ -622,7 +637,7 @@ void ScreenInteractive::Install() {
// read.
terminal.c_cc[VTIME] = 0; // Timeout in deciseconds for non-canonical read.
tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &terminal);
tcsetattr(tty_fd_, TCSANOW, &terminal);
#endif
@@ -663,6 +678,37 @@ void ScreenInteractive::Install() {
PostAnimationTask();
}
void ScreenInteractive::InstallPipedInputHandling() {
#if !defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__EMSCRIPTEN__)
tty_fd_ = STDIN_FILENO;
// Handle piped input redirection if explicitly enabled by the application.
// This allows applications to read data from stdin while still receiving
// keyboard input from the terminal for interactive use.
if (!handle_piped_input_) {
return;
}
// If stdin is a terminal, we don't need to open /dev/tty.
if (isatty(STDIN_FILENO)) {
return;
}
// Open /dev/tty for keyboard input.
tty_fd_ = open("/dev/tty", O_RDONLY);
if (tty_fd_ < 0) {
// Failed to open /dev/tty (containers, headless systems, etc.)
tty_fd_ = STDIN_FILENO; // Fallback to stdin.
return;
}
// Close the /dev/tty file descriptor on exit.
on_exit_functions.emplace([this] {
close(tty_fd_);
tty_fd_ = -1;
});
#endif
}
// private
void ScreenInteractive::Uninstall() {
ExitNow();
@@ -1096,7 +1142,7 @@ void ScreenInteractive::FetchTerminalEvents() {
internal_->terminal_input_parser.Add(out[i]);
}
#else // POSIX (Linux & Mac)
if (!CheckStdinReady()) {
if (!CheckStdinReady(tty_fd_)) {
const auto timeout =
std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - internal_->last_char_time;
const size_t timeout_ms =
@@ -1108,7 +1154,7 @@ void ScreenInteractive::FetchTerminalEvents() {
// Read chars from the terminal.
std::array<char, 128> out{};
size_t l = read(fileno(stdin), out.data(), out.size());
size_t l = read(tty_fd_, out.data(), out.size());
// Convert the chars to events.
for (size_t i = 0; i < l; ++i) {

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@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
// Copyright 2025 Arthur Sonzogni. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by the MIT license that can be found in
// the LICENSE file.
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <gtest/gtest.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <cstdio>
#include "ftxui/component/component.hpp"
#include "ftxui/component/screen_interactive.hpp"
#include "ftxui/dom/elements.hpp"
#if !defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__EMSCRIPTEN__)
namespace ftxui {
namespace {
// Test fixture for piped input functionality
class PipedInputTest : public ::testing::Test {
protected:
void SetUp() override {
// Save original stdin for restoration
original_stdin_ = dup(STDIN_FILENO);
}
void TearDown() override {
// Restore original stdin
if (original_stdin_ >= 0) {
dup2(original_stdin_, STDIN_FILENO);
close(original_stdin_);
}
}
// Create a pipe and redirect stdin to read from it
void SetupPipedStdin() {
if (pipe(pipe_fds_) == 0) {
dup2(pipe_fds_[0], STDIN_FILENO);
close(pipe_fds_[0]);
// Keep write end open for writing test data
piped_stdin_setup_ = true;
}
}
// Write test data to the piped stdin
void WriteToPipedStdin(const std::string& data) {
if (piped_stdin_setup_) {
write(pipe_fds_[1], data.c_str(), data.length());
close(pipe_fds_[1]); // Close write end to signal EOF
}
}
// Check if /dev/tty is available (not available in some CI environments)
bool IsTtyAvailable() {
struct stat st;
return stat("/dev/tty", &st) == 0;
}
private:
int original_stdin_ = -1;
int pipe_fds_[2] = {-1, -1};
bool piped_stdin_setup_ = false;
};
TEST_F(PipedInputTest, DefaultBehaviorEnabled) {
// Test that HandlePipedInput is enabled by default
if (!IsTtyAvailable()) {
GTEST_SKIP() << "/dev/tty not available in this environment";
}
auto screen = ScreenInteractive::TerminalOutput();
auto component = Renderer([] { return text("test"); });
SetupPipedStdin();
WriteToPipedStdin("test data\n");
// Install should redirect stdin since HandlePipedInput is on by default
screen.Install();
// Stdin should be the tty
EXPECT_TRUE(isatty(STDIN_FILENO));
screen.Uninstall();
}
TEST_F(PipedInputTest, ExplicitlyDisabled) {
// Test that explicitly disabling works
auto screen = ScreenInteractive::TerminalOutput();
screen.HandlePipedInput(false);
auto component = Renderer([] { return text("test"); });
SetupPipedStdin();
WriteToPipedStdin("test data\n");
screen.Install();
// Stdin should still be the pipe since feature is disabled
EXPECT_FALSE(isatty(STDIN_FILENO));
screen.Uninstall();
}
TEST_F(PipedInputTest, ExplicitlyEnabled) {
if (!IsTtyAvailable()) {
GTEST_SKIP() << "/dev/tty not available in this environment";
}
auto screen = ScreenInteractive::TerminalOutput();
screen.HandlePipedInput(true); // Explicitly enable
auto component = Renderer([] { return text("test"); });
SetupPipedStdin();
WriteToPipedStdin("test data\n");
// Before install: stdin should be piped
EXPECT_FALSE(isatty(STDIN_FILENO));
screen.Install();
// After install with piped input handling: stdin should be redirected to tty
EXPECT_TRUE(isatty(STDIN_FILENO));
screen.Uninstall();
// After uninstall: stdin should be restored to original state
// Note: This will be the pipe we set up, so it should be non-tty
EXPECT_FALSE(isatty(STDIN_FILENO));
}
TEST_F(PipedInputTest, NormalStdinUnchanged) {
// Test that normal stdin (not piped) is not affected
auto screen = ScreenInteractive::TerminalOutput();
auto component = Renderer([] { return text("test"); });
// Don't setup piped stdin - use normal stdin
bool original_isatty = isatty(STDIN_FILENO);
screen.Install();
// Stdin should remain unchanged
EXPECT_EQ(original_isatty, isatty(STDIN_FILENO));
screen.Uninstall();
// Stdin should still be unchanged
EXPECT_EQ(original_isatty, isatty(STDIN_FILENO));
}
TEST_F(PipedInputTest, MultipleInstallUninstallCycles) {
if (!IsTtyAvailable()) {
GTEST_SKIP() << "/dev/tty not available in this environment";
}
auto screen = ScreenInteractive::TerminalOutput();
auto component = Renderer([] { return text("test"); });
SetupPipedStdin();
WriteToPipedStdin("test data\n");
// First cycle
screen.Install();
EXPECT_TRUE(isatty(STDIN_FILENO));
screen.Uninstall();
EXPECT_FALSE(isatty(STDIN_FILENO));
// Second cycle should work the same
screen.Install();
EXPECT_TRUE(isatty(STDIN_FILENO));
screen.Uninstall();
EXPECT_FALSE(isatty(STDIN_FILENO));
}
TEST_F(PipedInputTest, HandlePipedInputMethodBehavior) {
auto screen = ScreenInteractive::TerminalOutput();
// Test method can be called multiple times
screen.HandlePipedInput(true);
screen.HandlePipedInput(false);
screen.HandlePipedInput(true);
// Should be enabled after last call
SetupPipedStdin();
WriteToPipedStdin("test data\n");
if (IsTtyAvailable()) {
screen.Install();
EXPECT_TRUE(isatty(STDIN_FILENO));
screen.Uninstall();
}
}
// Test the graceful fallback when /dev/tty is not available
// This test simulates environments like containers where /dev/tty might not
// exist
TEST_F(PipedInputTest, GracefulFallbackWhenTtyUnavailable) {
auto screen = ScreenInteractive::TerminalOutput();
auto component = Renderer([] { return text("test"); });
SetupPipedStdin();
WriteToPipedStdin("test data\n");
// This test doesn't directly mock /dev/tty unavailability since that's hard
// to do in a unit test environment, but the code path handles freopen()
// failure gracefully
screen.Install();
// The behavior depends on whether /dev/tty is available
// If available, stdin gets redirected; if not, it remains piped
// Both behaviors are correct
screen.Uninstall();
// After uninstall, stdin should be restored
EXPECT_FALSE(isatty(STDIN_FILENO)); // Should still be our test pipe
}
} // namespace
} // namespace ftxui
#endif // !defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__EMSCRIPTEN__)

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@@ -10,6 +10,12 @@
namespace ftxui::box_helper {
namespace {
int SafeRatio(int value, int numerator, int denominator) {
return static_cast<int64_t>(value) * static_cast<int64_t>(numerator) /
std::max(static_cast<int64_t>(denominator), static_cast<int64_t>(1));
}
// Called when the size allowed is greater than the requested size. This
// distributes the extra spaces toward the flexible elements, in relative
// proportions.
@@ -18,7 +24,7 @@ void ComputeGrow(std::vector<Element>* elements,
int flex_grow_sum) {
for (Element& element : *elements) {
const int added_space =
extra_space * element.flex_grow / std::max(flex_grow_sum, 1);
SafeRatio(extra_space, element.flex_grow, flex_grow_sum);
extra_space -= added_space;
flex_grow_sum -= element.flex_grow;
element.size = element.min_size + added_space;
@@ -32,8 +38,8 @@ void ComputeShrinkEasy(std::vector<Element>* elements,
int extra_space,
int flex_shrink_sum) {
for (Element& element : *elements) {
const int added_space = extra_space * element.min_size *
element.flex_shrink / std::max(flex_shrink_sum, 1);
const int added_space = SafeRatio(
extra_space, element.min_size * element.flex_shrink, flex_shrink_sum);
extra_space -= added_space;
flex_shrink_sum -= element.flex_shrink * element.min_size;
element.size = element.min_size + added_space;
@@ -53,17 +59,7 @@ void ComputeShrinkHard(std::vector<Element>* elements,
continue;
}
// Perform operation into int64_t to avoid overflow.
// The size of an int is at most 32 bits, so the multiplication can't
// overflow int64_t. Since `size` is the sum of elements.min_size, it is
// greater than every element.min_size. The added_space represents the
// fraction of extra_space assigned to this element, so it is always less
// than extra_space in absolute. Since extra_space fits into int,
// added_space fits into int as well.
int added_space =
static_cast<int>(static_cast<int64_t>(extra_space) *
static_cast<int64_t>(element.min_size) /
std::max(static_cast<int64_t>(size), 1L));
const int added_space = SafeRatio(extra_space, element.min_size, size);
extra_space -= added_space;
size -= element.min_size;

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@@ -2,9 +2,13 @@
// Use of this source code is governed by the MIT license that can be found in
// the LICENSE file.
#include <gtest/gtest.h> // for Test, TestInfo (ptr only), EXPECT_EQ, Message, TEST, TestPartResult
#include <cstddef> // for size_t
#include <string> // for allocator, basic_string, string
#include <vector> // for vector
#include <array> // for array
#include <cstddef> // for size_t
#include <queue>
#include <stack> // for stack
#include <string> // for allocator, basic_string, string
#include <unordered_set> // for unordered_set
#include <vector> // for vector
#include "ftxui/dom/elements.hpp" // for text, operator|, Element, flex_grow, flex_shrink, hbox
#include "ftxui/dom/node.hpp" // for Render
@@ -358,5 +362,39 @@ TEST(HBoxTest, FlexGrow_NoFlex_FlewShrink) {
}
}
TEST(HBoxTest, FromElementsContainer) {
Elements elements_vector{text("0"), text("1")};
std::array<Element, 2> elements_array{text("0"), text("1")};
std::deque<Element> elements_deque{text("0"), text("1")};
std::stack<Element> elements_stack;
elements_stack.push(text("1"));
elements_stack.push(text("0"));
std::queue<Element> elements_queue;
elements_queue.emplace(text("0"));
elements_queue.emplace(text("1"));
const std::vector<Element> collection_hboxes{
hbox(std::move(elements_vector)), hbox(std::move(elements_array)),
hbox(std::move(elements_stack)), hbox(std::move(elements_deque)),
hbox(std::move(elements_queue)),
};
for (const Element& collection_hbox : collection_hboxes) {
Screen screen(2, 1);
Render(screen, collection_hbox);
EXPECT_EQ("01", screen.ToString());
}
// Exception: unordered set, which has no guaranteed order.
std::unordered_set<Element> elements_set{text("0"), text("0")};
Screen screen(2, 1);
Render(screen, hbox(elements_set));
EXPECT_EQ("00", screen.ToString());
};
} // namespace ftxui
// NOLINTEND