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<div id="projectbrief">C++ functional terminal UI.</div>
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<div><div class="header">
<div class="headertitle"><div class="title">ftxui / screen</div></div>
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<div class="contents">
<div class="toc"><h3>目录</h3>
<ul>
<li class="level1 empty">
<ul>
<li class="level2 empty">
<ul>
<li class="level3">
<a href="#ftxuiscreen-1">ftxui::Screen</a>
</li>
<li class="level3">
<a href="#ftxuidimension">ftxui::Dimension</a>
</li>
<li class="level3">
<a href="#ftxuipixel">ftxui::Pixel</a>
</li>
<li class="level3">
<a href="#ftxuicolor">ftxui::Color</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
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<div class="textblock"><p><img src="https://nsm09.casimages.com/img/2025/05/31//2505310207423242518595348.png" alt="title-img" class="inline"/></p>
<p><code>ftxui::screen</code> 模块是底层基础。它可以独立使用，但主要设计用于与 <a href="module-dom.html">ftxui::dom</a> 和 <a href="module-component.html">ftxui::component</a> 模块结合使用。</p>
<p>It provides a <a class="el" href="group__screen.html#classftxui_1_1Screen">ftxui::Screen</a>.</p>
<hr />
<h3><a class="anchor" id="ftxuiscreen-1"></a>
ftxui::Screen</h3>
<p><a class="el" href="group__screen.html#classftxui_1_1Screen">ftxui::Screen</a> 类表示一个 2D 样式字符网格，可以渲染到终端。 它提供了创建屏幕、访问像素和渲染元素的方法。</p>
<p>您可以使用 <a class="el" href="group__screen.html#a483f8ee1967e200cfc9e277b3ce00174">ftxui::Screen::PixelAt</a> 方法访问屏幕的单个单元格 (<a class="el" href="group__screen.html#structftxui_1_1Pixel">ftxui::Pixel</a>)，该方法返回指定坐标处像素的引用。</p>
<p><b>Example</b> </p><div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="preprocessor">#include &lt;<a class="code" href="screen_8hpp.html">ftxui/screen/screen.hpp</a>&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"><span class="preprocessor">#include &lt;<a class="code" href="color_8hpp.html">ftxui/screen/color.hpp</a>&gt;</span></div>
<div class="line"> </div>
<div class="line"><span class="keywordtype">void</span> <a class="code hl_function" href="examples_2component_2button_8cpp.html#ae66f6b31b5ad750f1fe042a706a4e3d4">main</a>() {</div>
<div class="line"> <span class="keyword">auto</span> screen = <a class="code hl_function" href="group__screen.html#a32b98be0603ace46d6dc9d05b330a9fd">ftxui::Screen::Create</a>(</div>
<div class="line"> ftxui::Dimension::Full(), <span class="comment">// Use full terminal width</span></div>
<div class="line"> ftxui::Dimension::Fixed(10) <span class="comment">// Fixed height of 10 rows</span></div>
<div class="line"> );</div>
<div class="line"> </div>
<div class="line"> <span class="comment">// Access a specific pixel at (10, 5)</span></div>
<div class="line"> <span class="keyword">auto</span>&amp; pixel = screen.PixelAt(10, 5);</div>
<div class="line"> </div>
<div class="line"> <span class="comment">// Set properties of the pixel.</span></div>
<div class="line"> pixel.character = U<span class="charliteral">&#39;X&#39;</span>;</div>
<div class="line"> pixel.foreground_color = <a class="code hl_enumvalue" href="group__screen.html#ae2b6d9670960e89c66d7b76167a0802fad3163c1fcda01965b692ec2c3122b743">ftxui::Color::Red</a>;</div>
<div class="line"> pixel.background_color = <a class="code hl_function" href="group__screen.html#aacec69e0aa1063fbec2cc305e7b076dd">ftxui::Color::RGB</a>(0, 255, 0);</div>
<div class="line"> pixel.bold = <span class="keyword">true</span>; <span class="comment">// Set bold style</span></div>
<div class="line"> screen.Print(); <span class="comment">// Print the screen to the terminal</span></div>
<div class="line">}</div>
<div class="ttc" id="acolor_8hpp_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="color_8hpp.html">color.hpp</a></div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="aexamples_2component_2button_8cpp_html_ae66f6b31b5ad750f1fe042a706a4e3d4"><div class="ttname"><a href="examples_2component_2button_8cpp.html#ae66f6b31b5ad750f1fe042a706a4e3d4">main</a></div><div class="ttdeci">int main()</div><div class="ttdef"><b>定义</b> <a href="examples_2component_2button_8cpp_source.html#l00033">examples/component/button.cpp:33</a></div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="agroup__screen_html_a32b98be0603ace46d6dc9d05b330a9fd"><div class="ttname"><a href="group__screen.html#a32b98be0603ace46d6dc9d05b330a9fd">ftxui::Screen::Create</a></div><div class="ttdeci">static Screen Create(Dimensions dimension)</div><div class="ttdoc">创建一个具有给定维度的屏幕。</div><div class="ttdef"><b>定义</b> <a href="screen_8cpp_source.html#l00394">screen.cpp:394</a></div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="agroup__screen_html_aacec69e0aa1063fbec2cc305e7b076dd"><div class="ttname"><a href="group__screen.html#aacec69e0aa1063fbec2cc305e7b076dd">ftxui::Color::RGB</a></div><div class="ttdeci">static Color RGB(uint8_t red, uint8_t green, uint8_t blue)</div><div class="ttdoc">从其 RGB 表示构建一个颜色。 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RGB_color_model</div><div class="ttdef"><b>定义</b> <a href="screen_2color_8cpp_source.html#l00146">screen/color.cpp:146</a></div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="agroup__screen_html_ae2b6d9670960e89c66d7b76167a0802fad3163c1fcda01965b692ec2c3122b743"><div class="ttname"><a href="group__screen.html#ae2b6d9670960e89c66d7b76167a0802fad3163c1fcda01965b692ec2c3122b743">ftxui::Color::Red</a></div><div class="ttdeci">@ Red</div><div class="ttdef"><b>定义</b> <a href="color_8hpp_source.html#l00053">color.hpp:53</a></div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="ascreen_8hpp_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="screen_8hpp.html">screen.hpp</a></div></div>
</div><!-- fragment --><dl class="section note"><dt>注解</dt><dd>如果坐标超出边界，则返回一个虚拟像素。</dd></dl>
<p>屏幕可以使用 <a class="el" href="group__screen.html#ad93edbe885499a712129356f1ffd506b">ftxui::Screen::Print()</a> 打印到终端，或使用 <a class="el" href="group__screen.html#a19c380b03cea21d7ac7325136a131ff0">ftxui::Screen::ToString()</a> 转换为 std::string。</p>
<div class="tabbed"></div><div class="tabbed"><ul>
<li><b class="tab-title">Print()</b> <div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="keyword">auto</span> screen = ...;</div>
<div class="line">screen.Print();</div>
</div><!-- fragment --></li>
<li><b class="tab-title">ToString()</b> <div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="keyword">auto</span> screen = ...;</div>
<div class="line">std::cout &lt;&lt; screen.ToString();</div>
</div><!-- fragment --></li>
</ul>
</div><div class="tabbed"></div><p>请注意，您可以在打印后通过调用 ftxui::Screen::ResetCursorPosition() 将光标位置重置到屏幕的左上角。</p>
<p><b>Example</b> </p><div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="keyword">auto</span> screen = ...;</div>
<div class="line"><span class="keywordflow">while</span>(<span class="keyword">true</span>) {</div>
<div class="line"> <span class="comment">// Drawing operations:</span></div>
<div class="line"> ...</div>
<div class="line"> </div>
<div class="line"> <span class="comment">// Print the screen to the terminal. Then reset the cursor position and the</span></div>
<div class="line"> <span class="comment">// screen content.</span></div>
<div class="line"> std::cout &lt;&lt; screen.ToString();</div>
<div class="line"> std::cout &lt;&lt; screen.ResetCursorPosition(<span class="comment">/*clear=*/</span><span class="keyword">true</span>);</div>
<div class="line"> std::cout &lt;&lt; std::flush;</div>
<div class="line"> </div>
<div class="line"> <span class="comment">// Sleep for a short duration to control the refresh rate.</span></div>
<div class="line"> std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(100));</div>
<div class="line">}</div>
</div><!-- fragment --><hr />
<h3><a class="anchor" id="ftxuidimension"></a>
ftxui::Dimension</h3>
<p><a class="el" href="namespaceftxui_1_1Dimension.html">ftxui::Dimension</a> 工具控制屏幕尺寸：</p>
<ul>
<li><code>Dimension::Full()</code> — 使用完整的终端宽度或高度</li>
<li><code>Dimension::Fit(element)</code> — 尺寸以适应渲染的 <a class="el" href="namespaceftxui.html#a2bc31f2d685189e5c61d2293a1f51b4f">ftxui::Element</a></li>
<li><code>Dimension::Fixed(n)</code> — 精确使用 <code>n</code> 列或行</li>
</ul>
<p>这些值将传递给 <code><a class="el" href="group__screen.html#a32b98be0603ace46d6dc9d05b330a9fd" title="创建一个具有给定维度的屏幕。">ftxui::Screen::Create()</a></code>。</p>
<p><a class="el" href="group__screen.html#a32b98be0603ace46d6dc9d05b330a9fd">ftxui::Screen::Create()</a> 提供了两个重载：</p>
<ul>
<li><code>Screen::Create(Dimension)</code> 将宽度和高度都设置为相同类型的尺寸</li>
<li><code>Screen::Create(Dimension width, Dimension height)</code> 允许对每个轴进行不同的控制</li>
</ul>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="keyword">auto</span> screen = <a class="code hl_function" href="group__screen.html#a32b98be0603ace46d6dc9d05b330a9fd">ftxui::Screen::Create</a>(</div>
<div class="line"> ftxui::Dimension::Full(), <span class="comment">// width</span></div>
<div class="line"> ftxui::Dimension::Fixed(10) <span class="comment">// height</span></div>
<div class="line">);</div>
</div><!-- fragment --><p>Once created, render an element and display the result:</p>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><a class="code hl_function" href="group__dom.html#gad4b8aa9392f56ba41e2b421e046a7d83">ftxui::Render</a>(screen, element);</div>
<div class="line">screen.Print();</div>
<div class="ttc" id="agroup__dom_html_gad4b8aa9392f56ba41e2b421e046a7d83"><div class="ttname"><a href="group__dom.html#gad4b8aa9392f56ba41e2b421e046a7d83">ftxui::Render</a></div><div class="ttdeci">void Render(Screen &amp;screen, const Element &amp;element)</div><div class="ttdoc">在 ftxui::Screen 上显示元素。</div><div class="ttdef"><b>定义</b> <a href="node_8cpp_source.html#l00084">node.cpp:84</a></div></div>
</div><!-- fragment --><hr />
<h3><a class="anchor" id="ftxuipixel"></a>
ftxui::Pixel</h3>
<p>屏幕网格中的每个单元格都是一个 ftxui::Pixel，它包含：</p>
<ul>
<li>Unicode 码点。<ul>
<li><code>character</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>ftxui::Color：<ul>
<li><code>foreground_color</code></li>
<li><code>background_color</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>布尔值：<ul>
<li><code>blink</code></li>
<li><code>bold</code></li>
<li><code>dim</code></li>
<li><code>italic</code></li>
<li><code>inverted</code> (交换前景色和背景色)</li>
<li><code>underlined</code></li>
<li><code>underlined_double</code></li>
<li><code>strikethrough</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="keyword">auto</span> screen = <a class="code hl_function" href="group__screen.html#a32b98be0603ace46d6dc9d05b330a9fd">ftxui::Screen::Create</a>(</div>
<div class="line"> ftxui::Dimension::Fixed(5),</div>
<div class="line"> ftxui::Dimension::Fixed(5),</div>
<div class="line">);</div>
<div class="line"> </div>
<div class="line"><span class="keyword">auto</span>&amp; pixel = screen.PixelAt(3, 3);</div>
<div class="line">pixel.character = U<span class="charliteral">&#39;X&#39;</span>;</div>
<div class="line">pixel.bold = <span class="keyword">true</span>;</div>
<div class="line">pixel.foreground_color = <a class="code hl_enumvalue" href="group__screen.html#ae2b6d9670960e89c66d7b76167a0802fad3163c1fcda01965b692ec2c3122b743">ftxui::Color::Red</a>;</div>
<div class="line">pixel.background_color = <a class="code hl_function" href="group__screen.html#aacec69e0aa1063fbec2cc305e7b076dd">ftxui::Color::RGB</a>(0, 255, 0);</div>
<div class="line"> </div>
<div class="line">screen.Print();</div>
</div><!-- fragment --><dl class="section note"><dt>注解</dt><dd><code>PixelAt(x, y)</code> 执行边界检查并返回指定坐标处像素的引用。 如果超出边界，则返回一个虚拟像素引用。</dd></dl>
<p>屏幕中的每个单元格都是一个 ftxui::Pixel。您可以使用以下方式修改它们：</p>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="keyword">auto</span>&amp; pixel = screen.PixelAt(x, y);</div>
<div class="line">pixel.character = U<span class="charliteral">&#39;X&#39;</span>;</div>
<div class="line">pixel.bold = <span class="keyword">true</span>;</div>
<div class="line">pixel.foreground_color = Color::Red;</div>
</div><!-- fragment --><hr />
<h3><a class="anchor" id="ftxuicolor"></a>
ftxui::Color</h3>
<p><a class="el" href="group__screen.html#classftxui_1_1Color">ftxui::Color</a> 类用于定义每个 <a class="el" href="group__screen.html#structftxui_1_1Pixel">ftxui::Pixel</a> 的前景色和背景色。</p>
<p>它支持各种颜色空间和预定义调色板。如果终端不支持请求的颜色，FTXUI 将 动态回退到终端中最接近的可用颜色。</p>
<p><b>颜色空间</b></p>
<ul>
<li><b>默认**：<code><a class="el" href="group__screen.html#aa4be56f94fc180d7b070df23c235b0c7a79935518a3889663d8688b6b01fff051">ftxui::Color::Default</a></code> (终端的默认颜色)</b></li>
<li><b>**16 色调色板</b> <a href="https://arthursonzogni.github.io/FTXUI/examples/?file=dom/color_gallery">Demo</a>：<ul>
<li><code><a class="el" href="group__screen.html#ae2b6d9670960e89c66d7b76167a0802fac1e9bce8242f443c54c7405223d616cd">ftxui::Color::Black</a></code>,</li>
<li><code><a class="el" href="group__screen.html#ae2b6d9670960e89c66d7b76167a0802fad3163c1fcda01965b692ec2c3122b743">ftxui::Color::Red</a></code>,</li>
<li>...</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><b>256 色调色板</b> <a href="https://arthursonzogni.github.io/FTXUI/examples/?file=dom/color_palette256">Demo</a>：<ul>
<li><code><a class="el" href="group__screen.html#abd07c48f62cc507fafa2486a43130fcfa7d2d4cc3af6756a4eac7d12fbe4775d4">ftxui::Color::Chartreuse1</a></code>,</li>
<li><code><a class="el" href="group__screen.html#abd07c48f62cc507fafa2486a43130fcfa0c92c7e17edeca09b7c63c8a783a562f">ftxui::Color::DarkViolet</a></code>,</li>
<li>...</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><b>真彩色</b> (24 位) [Demo](<a href="https://arthursonzogni.github.io/FTXUI/examples/?file=dom/color_truecolor_HSV：">https://arthursonzogni.github.io/FTXUI/examples/?file=dom/color_truecolor_HSV：</a><ul>
<li><code><a class="el" href="group__screen.html#aacec69e0aa1063fbec2cc305e7b076dd" title="从其 RGB 表示构建一个颜色。 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RGB_color_model">ftxui::Color::RGB(uint8_t red, uint8_t green, uint8_t blue)</a></code></li>
<li><code><a class="el" href="group__screen.html#a1a119fd00beafc7d2aa5f94518e38fc5" title="从其 HSV 表示构建一个颜色。 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HSL_and_HSV">ftxui::Color::HSV(uint8_t h, uint8_t s, uint8_t v)</a></code>。</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<dl class="section note"><dt>注解</dt><dd>您可以使用 <a class="el" href="group__screen.html#gae6e034f37aa66cfe4458a8cb6e8fc526">ftxui::Terminal::ColorSupport()</a> 查询终端功能； <br />
<br />
这可以使用 <a class="el" href="group__dom.html#ga65945a706131f407a47a1b9960dc1a4a">ftxui::Terminal::SetColorSupport()</a> 手动设置。 </dd></dl>
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const langSelect = createSelect(langs, currentLang, lang_paths, 'Select Language', lang_display);
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