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353 lines
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HTML
353 lines
15 KiB
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<div class="headertitle"><div class="title">FTXUI 中的 POSIX 管道輸入</div></div>
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<div class="contents">
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<div class="textblock"><p><a class="anchor" id="ftxui-中的-posix-管道輸入"></a></p>
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<dl class="section warning"><dt>Warning</dt><dd>此功能僅適用於 Linux 和 macOS。不支援 Windows 和 WebAssembly。</dd></dl>
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<h1><a class="anchor" id="什麼是-posix-管道"></a>
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什麼是 POSIX 管道？</h1>
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<p>POSIX 管道是兩個獨立程式之間通訊的一種方式。一個程式將其輸出直接作為輸入發送給另一個程式。將其想像成一條單向的資料管道。</p>
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<p><b>範例：</b></p>
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<p>想像您想要列出檔案然後以互動方式過濾它們。</p>
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<ul>
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<li><code>ls</code>：列出檔案。</li>
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<li><code>interactive_grep</code>：一個用於過濾文字並讓您輸入的 FTXUI 應用程式。</li>
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</ul>
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<p>您可以使用管道 (<code>|</code>) 將它們連接起來：</p>
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<div class="fragment"><div class="line">ls -l | interactive_grep</div>
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</div><!-- fragment --><p>以下是發生的情況：</p><ol type="1">
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<li><code>ls -l</code> 列出帶有詳細資訊的檔案。</li>
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<li><code>|</code> 將此列表直接發送給 <code>interactive_grep</code>。</li>
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<li><code>interactive_grep</code> 接收列表並顯示它。因為它是一個 FTXUI 應用程式，即使它從 <code>ls</code> 接收到初始資料，您仍然可以輸入以過濾列表。</li>
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</ol>
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<h1><a class="anchor" id="ftxui-如何處理管道輸入"></a>
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FTXUI 如何處理管道輸入</h1>
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<p>現在您已經了解了什麼是 POSIX 管道，讓我們看看 FTXUI 如何使用它們。</p>
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<p>FTXUI 允許您的應用程式從其他程式（例如從管道）讀取資料，同時仍然允許您使用鍵盤進行互動。這對於處理資料的互動式命令列工具非常有用。</p>
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<p>通常，FTXUI 應用程式從 <code>stdin</code> 接收所有輸入。但是，當 FTXUI 檢測到 <code>stdin</code> 連接到管道的輸出時（表示資料正在透過管道傳輸到您的應用程式中），它會自動切換為從 <code>/dev/tty</code> 讀取互動式鍵盤輸入。這確保了您的應用程式即使在處理管道資料時，仍然可以接收使用者輸入。</p>
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<p>此功能**預設為開啟**。</p>
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<p>如果您的 FTXUI 應用程式需要讀取管道資料並回應鍵盤輸入，您通常不需要做任何特殊操作：</p>
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<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="keyword">auto</span> screen = ScreenInteractive::Fullscreen();</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="comment">// screen.HandlePipedInput(true); // 這預設是啟用的</span></div>
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<div class="line">screen.Loop(<a class="code hl_variable" href="gallery_8cpp.html#a768a57bc667a7482ea6e7fdadf02ba90">component</a>);</div>
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<div class="ttc" id="agallery_8cpp_html_a768a57bc667a7482ea6e7fdadf02ba90"><div class="ttname"><a href="gallery_8cpp.html#a768a57bc667a7482ea6e7fdadf02ba90">component</a></div><div class="ttdeci">auto component</div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition</b> <a href="gallery_8cpp_source.html#l00127">gallery.cpp:127</a></div></div>
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</div><!-- fragment --><h1><a class="anchor" id="關閉管道輸入"></a>
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關閉管道輸入</h1>
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<p>如果您不需要此功能，或者它與您的自訂輸入處理衝突，您可以將其關閉。</p>
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<p>要禁用它，請在啟動應用程式的主循環之前呼叫 <code>HandlePipedInput(false)</code>：</p>
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<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="keyword">auto</span> screen = ScreenInteractive::Fullscreen();</div>
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<div class="line">screen.HandlePipedInput(<span class="keyword">false</span>); <span class="comment">// 關閉管道輸入處理</span></div>
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// Sort versions: 'main' first, then others numerically descending.
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options.sort((a, b) => {
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if (a === 'main') return -1;
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if (b === 'main') return 1;
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select.appendChild(option);
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// Apply some styling to make it look good.
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backgroundColor: 'rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8)',
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color: 'white',
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border: '1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2)',
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// 1. Create Language Switcher, passing the language display names map
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// 2. Create Version Switcher
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const versionSelect = createSelect(versions, currentVersion, version_paths, 'Select Version');
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// 3. Create FTXUI title.
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const ftxuiTitle = document.createElement('span');
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width: 'auto'
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container.appendChild(ftxuiTitle);
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container.appendChild(langSelect);
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container.appendChild(versionSelect);
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Object.assign(container.style, {
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backgroundColor: 'rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5)',
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