Migrate CircleCI to GitHub Actions (#2716)

Co-authored-by: Joseph Heck <j_heck@apple.com>

.github/actions/build-linux/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+name: 'Build and Test on Linux'
+description: 'Build and test MLX on Linux'
+
+inputs:
+  build-type:
+    description: 'Build type'
+    required: false
+    default: 'debug'
+    type: choice
+    options:
+      - debug
+      - release
+  run-tests:
+    description: 'Whether to run tests'
+    required: false
+    default: 'true'
+    type: boolean
+
+runs:
+  using: "composite"
+  steps:
+    - name: Set DEBUG
+      shell: sh
+      if: inputs.build-type == 'debug'
+      run: echo "DEBUG=1" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+    - name: Install Python package
+      shell: sh
+      env:
+        CMAKE_ARGS: "-DCMAKE_COMPILE_WARNING_AS_ERROR=ON"
+      run: pip install -e ".[dev]" -v
+    
+    - name: Generate package stubs
+      shell: sh
+      run: |
+        pip install typing_extensions
+        python setup.py generate_stubs
+    
+    - name: Run Python tests
+      if: inputs.run-tests == 'true'
+      shell: bash
+      run: |
+        python -m unittest discover python/tests -v
+        mpirun --bind-to none --allow-run-as-root -host localhost:8 -np 8 python python/tests/mpi_test_distributed.py
+        mlx.launch --verbose -n 8 python/tests/ring_test_distributed.py -v 2> >(tee -a stderr.log >&2)
+        if grep -Fq '[WARN]' stderr.log ; then
+          grep -F '[WARN]' stderr.log
+          echo "Distributed ring test failed";
+          exit 1;
+        fi
+    
+    - name: Build CPP only
+      if: inputs.build-type == 'debug'
+      shell: bash
+      run: |
+        mkdir -p build && cd build
+        cmake .. -DMLX_BUILD_METAL=OFF -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=DEBUG
+        make -j $(nproc)
+    
+    - name: Run CPP tests
+      if: ${{ inputs.build-type == 'debug' && inputs.run-tests == 'true' }}
+      shell: sh
+      run: ./build/tests/tests
+    
+    - name: Build Python package
+      if: inputs.build-type == 'release'
+      shell: bash
+      run: |
+        pip install auditwheel patchelf build
+        python setup.py clean --all
+        MLX_BUILD_STAGE=1 python -m build -w
+        if [ -f "python/scripts/repair_linux.sh" ]; then
+          bash python/scripts/repair_linux.sh
+        fi
+
+        python setup.py clean --all
+        MLX_BUILD_STAGE=2 python -m build -w
+        auditwheel repair dist/mlx_cpu*.whl --plat manylinux_2_35_x86_64