From d8ceae7b7786840b1f54ee36f066260026847413 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Awni Hannun <awni@apple.com>
Date: Tue, 2 Dec 2025 16:17:47 -0800
Subject: [PATCH] Reduce JVP (#2854)

---
 mlx/primitives.cpp            | 56 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 mlx/primitives.h              |  7 +----
 python/tests/test_autograd.py | 16 ++++++++++
 3 files changed, 73 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/mlx/primitives.cpp b/mlx/primitives.cpp
index 5d96301bd..1b8fbc9b6 100644
--- a/mlx/primitives.cpp
+++ b/mlx/primitives.cpp
@@ -3846,6 +3846,62 @@ std::vector<array> Reduce::vjp(
   }
 }
 
+std::vector<array> Reduce::jvp(
+    const std::vector<array>& primals,
+    const std::vector<array>& tangents,
+    const std::vector<int>& argnums) {
+  auto in = primals[0];
+  auto s = stream();
+
+  auto grad_op = [&s, reduce_type = reduce_type_](
+                     const array& x, const array& tan, int axis) {
+    if (reduce_type == Reduce::Min) {
+      auto idx = argmin(x, axis, true, s);
+      return take_along_axis(tan, idx, axis, s);
+    } else if (reduce_type == Reduce::Max) {
+      auto idx = argmax(x, axis, true, s);
+      return take_along_axis(tan, idx, axis, s);
+    } else {
+      auto p1 = cumprod(x, axis, /*reverse=*/false, /*inclusive=*/false, s);
+      auto p2 = cumprod(x, axis, /*reverse=*/true, /*inclusive=*/false, s);
+      auto out = multiply(multiply(p1, p2, s), tan, s);
+      return sum(out, axis, true, s);
+    }
+  };
+
+  auto tan = tangents[0];
+  if (reduce_type_ == Reduce::Sum) {
+    return {sum(tan, axes_, true, s)};
+  } else {
+    if (axes_.size() > 1) {
+      std::vector<int> transpose_to;
+      {
+        // Find the transpose needed to move axes_ to the back.
+        int j = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < in.ndim(); i++) {
+          if (j < axes_.size() && axes_[j] == i) {
+            j++;
+          } else {
+            transpose_to.push_back(i);
+          }
+        }
+        for (auto ax : axes_) {
+          transpose_to.push_back(ax);
+        }
+      }
+
+      int start_ax = in.ndim() - axes_.size();
+      in = flatten(transpose(in, transpose_to, s), start_ax, -1, s);
+      tan = flatten(transpose(tan, transpose_to, s), start_ax, -1, s);
+
+      auto grad = squeeze(grad_op(in, tan, -1), -1, s);
+      return {expand_dims(grad, axes_, s)};
+    } else {
+      return {grad_op(in, tan, axes_[0])};
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 std::pair<std::vector<array>, std::vector<int>> Reduce::vmap(
     const std::vector<array>& inputs,
     const std::vector<int>& axes) {
diff --git a/mlx/primitives.h b/mlx/primitives.h
index 3d9f60b42..debd068ed 100644
--- a/mlx/primitives.h
+++ b/mlx/primitives.h
@@ -1751,12 +1751,7 @@ class Reduce : public UnaryPrimitive {
   void eval_gpu(const std::vector<array>& inputs, array& out) override;
 
   DEFINE_VMAP()
-
-  std::vector<array> vjp(
-      const std::vector<array>& primals,
-      const std::vector<array>& cotangents,
-      const std::vector<int>& argnums,
-      const std::vector<array>& outputs) override;
+  DEFINE_GRADS();
 
   std::vector<Shape> output_shapes(const std::vector<array>& inputs) override;
 
diff --git a/python/tests/test_autograd.py b/python/tests/test_autograd.py
index 38bb6089d..9eadbd2ef 100644
--- a/python/tests/test_autograd.py
+++ b/python/tests/test_autograd.py
@@ -798,6 +798,22 @@ class TestAutograd(mlx_tests.MLXTestCase):
         grad_fn(model)
         self.assertEqual(model[1].item(), 2.0)
 
+    def test_reduce_jvp(self):
+        a = mx.arange(4)
+        b = mx.array([3, 2, 1, 0])
+
+        out, jout = mx.jvp(mx.sum, primals=(a,), tangents=(b,))
+        self.assertEqual(jout[0].item(), 6)
+
+        out, jout = mx.jvp(mx.prod, primals=(a,), tangents=(b,))
+        self.assertEqual(jout[0].item(), 18)
+
+        out, jout = mx.jvp(mx.min, primals=(a,), tangents=(b,))
+        self.assertEqual(jout[0].item(), 3)
+
+        out, jout = mx.jvp(mx.max, primals=(a,), tangents=(b,))
+        self.assertEqual(jout[0].item(), 0)
+
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     mlx_tests.MLXTestRunner()