Add Binary Cross Entropy loss (#122)

* update BCE added tests for it ...

* added binary cross entropy loss to docs

* resolving conflicts for merge

python/mlx/nn/losses.py

@@ -1,6 +1,17 @@
 # Copyright © 2023 Apple Inc.
 
 import mlx.core as mx
+from mlx.nn.layers.base import Module
+
+
+def _make_loss_module(f):
+    def decorator(klass):
+        klass.__call__ = lambda self, inputs, targets: f(
+            inputs, targets, self.reduction
+        )
+        return klass
+
+    return decorator
 
 
 def cross_entropy(
@@ -25,6 +36,76 @@ def cross_entropy(
     return _reduce(loss, reduction)
 
 
+def binary_cross_entropy(
+    inputs: mx.array, targets: mx.array, reduction: str = "none"
+) -> mx.array:
+    """
+    Computes the binary cross entropy loss between inputs and targets.
+
+    Args:
+        inputs (mx.array): The predicted inputs (post-sigmoid probabilities).
+        targets (mx.array): The target values (binary labels).
+        reduction (str, optional): Specifies the reduction to apply to the output:
+          ``'none'`` | ``'mean'`` | ``'sum'``. Default: ``'none'``.
+
+    Returns:
+        mx.array: The computed binary cross entropy loss.
+    Examples:
+        >>> import mlx.core as mx
+        >>> import mlx.nn as nn
+        >>> inputs = mx.array([0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4])
+        >>> targets = mx.array([0, 0, 1, 1])
+        >>> loss = nn.losses.binary_cross_entropy(inputs, targets)
+        >>> loss
+        array([0.612192])
+    """
+    loss = -targets * mx.log(inputs) - (1 - targets) * mx.log(1 - inputs)
+    return _reduce(loss, reduction)
+
+
+@_make_loss_module(binary_cross_entropy)
+class BCELoss(Module):
+    """
+    Binary Cross Entropy Loss module.
+    It computes the binary cross entropy loss between predicted probabilities (post-sigmoid inputs) and target binary labels.
+
+    Args:
+        reduction (str, optional): Specifies the reduction to apply to the output:
+            - 'none': no reduction (default)
+            - 'mean': compute the mean loss
+            - 'sum': compute the sum of the loss
+
+    Examples:
+        >>> import mlx.core as mx
+        >>> from mlx.nn.losses import BCELoss
+        >>>
+        >>> # Create BCELoss module with default reduction ('none')
+        >>> loss_module_none = BCELoss()
+        >>> inputs = mx.array([0.5, 0.7, 0.3])
+        >>> targets = mx.array([1, 0, 1])
+        >>> loss_none = loss_module_none(inputs, targets)
+        >>> print(loss_none)
+        array([0.693147, 1.20397, 1.20397], dtype=float32)
+
+        >>> # Create BCELoss module with reduction 'mean'
+        >>> loss_module_mean = BCELoss(reduction='mean')
+        >>> loss_mean = loss_module_mean(inputs, targets)
+        >>> print(loss_mean)
+        array(1.0337, dtype=float32)
+
+        >>> # Create BCELoss module with reduction 'sum'
+        >>> loss_module_sum = BCELoss(reduction='sum')
+        >>> loss_sum = loss_module_sum(inputs, targets)
+        >>> print(loss_sum)
+        array(3.10109, dtype=float32)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, reduction: str = "none"):
+        super().__init__()
+
+        self.reduction = reduction
+
+
 def l1_loss(
     predictions: mx.array, targets: mx.array, reduction: str = "none"
 ) -> mx.array:
@@ -122,4 +203,4 @@ def _reduce(loss: mx.array, reduction: str = "none"):
     elif reduction == "none":
         return loss
     else:
-        raise ValueError("Invalid reduction. Must be 'none', 'mean', or 'sum'.")
+        raise ValueError("Invalid reduction. Must be 'none', 'mean', or 'sum'.")