Directive inheritance: laziness for the win (#2623)

* inheritance of directives: using meta-classes to inject attributes coming from directives into packages + lazy directives

* _dep_types -> dependency_types
* using a meta-class to inject directives into packages
* directives are lazy

fixes #2466

* directives.py: allows for multiple inheritance. Added blank lines as suggested by @tgamblin

* directives.py: added a test for simple inheritance of directives

* Minor improvement requested by @tgamblin

CMakePackage: importing names from spack.directives
directives: wrap __new__ to respect pep8

* Refactoring requested by @tgamblin

directives: removed global variables in favor of class variables. Simplified the interface for directives (they return a callable on a package or a list of them).

var/spack/repos/builtin/packages/dealii/package.py

@@ -90,7 +90,6 @@ class Dealii(CMakePackage):
         "boost@1.59.0:+thread+system+serialization+iostreams+mpi+python",
         when='@8.5.0:+mpi+python')
     depends_on("bzip2")
-    depends_on("cmake", type='build')
     depends_on("lapack")
     depends_on("muparser")
     depends_on("suite-sparse")