sbang: add support for php (#18299)

PHP supports an initial shebang, but its comment syntax can't handle our 2-line
shebangs. So, we need to embed the 2nd-line shebang comment to look like a
PHP comment:

    <?php #!/path/to/php ?>

This adds patching support to the sbang hook and support for
instrumenting php shebangs.

This also patches `phar`, which is a tool used to create php packages.
`phar` itself has to add sbangs to those packages (as phar archives
apparently contain UTF-8, as well as binary blobs), and `phar` sets a
checksum based on the contents of the package.

Co-authored-by: Todd Gamblin <tgamblin@llnl.gov>

lib/spack/spack/hooks/sbang.py

@@ -64,6 +64,10 @@ def filter_shebang(path):
     if re.search(r'^#!(/[^/\n]*)*lua\b', original):
         original = re.sub(r'^#', '--', original)
 
+    # Use <?php #! instead of #! on second line for php.
+    if re.search(r'^#!(/[^/\n]*)*php\b', original):
+        original = re.sub(r'^#', '<?php #', original) + ' ?>'
+
     # Use //! instead of #! on second line for node.js.
     if re.search(r'^#!(/[^/\n]*)*node\b', original):
         original = re.sub(r'^#', '//', original)

lib/spack/spack/test/sbang.py

@@ -30,6 +30,11 @@
 node_in_text      = ("line\n") * 100 + "lua\n" + ("line\n" * 100)
 node_line_patched = "//!/this/" + ('x' * 200) + "/is/node\n"
 sbang_line        = '#!/bin/bash %s/bin/sbang\n' % spack.store.layout.root
+php_line         = "#!/this/" + ('x' * 200) + "/is/php\n"
+php_in_text      = ("line\n") * 100 + "php\n" + ("line\n" * 100)
+php_line_patched = "<?php #!/this/" + ('x' * 200) + "/is/php\n"
+php_line_patched2 = "?>\n"
+sbang_line        = '#!/bin/bash %s/bin/sbang\n' % spack.store.layout.root
 last_line         = "last!\n"
 
 
@@ -79,6 +84,19 @@ def __init__(self):
             f.write(node_in_text)
             f.write(last_line)
 
+        # php script with long shebang
+        self.php_shebang = os.path.join(self.tempdir, 'php')
+        with open(self.php_shebang, 'w') as f:
+            f.write(php_line)
+            f.write(last_line)
+
+        # php script with long shebang
+        self.php_textbang = os.path.join(self.tempdir, 'php_in_text')
+        with open(self.php_textbang, 'w') as f:
+            f.write(short_line)
+            f.write(php_in_text)
+            f.write(last_line)
+
         # Script already using sbang.
         self.has_sbang = os.path.join(self.tempdir, 'shebang')
         with open(self.has_sbang, 'w') as f: