Work on SPACK-41: Optional dependencies work for simple conditions.

- Can depend conditionally based on variant, compiler, arch, deps, etc
  - normalize() is not iterative yet: no chaining depends_ons
  - really need a SAT solver, but iterative will at least handle
    simple cases.

- Added "strict" option to Spec.satisfies()
  - strict checks that ALL of other's constraints are met (not just
    the ones self shares)
  - Consider splitting these out into two methods: could_satisfy() and
    satisfies()
    - didn't do this yet as it would require changing code that uses
      satisfies()

- Changed semantics of __contains__ to use strict satisfaction (SPACK-56)

- Added tests for optional dependencies.

- The constrain() method on Specs, compilers, versions, etc. now
  returns whether the spec changed as a result of the call.

var/spack/mock_packages/a/package.py

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+from spack import *
+
+class A(Package):
+    """Simple package with no dependencies"""
+
+    homepage = "http://www.example.com"
+    url      = "http://www.example.com/a-1.0.tar.gz"
+
+    version('1.0', '0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef')
+
+    def install(self, spec, prefix):
+        pass

var/spack/mock_packages/b/package.py

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+from spack import *
+
+class B(Package):
+    """Simple package with no dependencies"""
+
+    homepage = "http://www.example.com"
+    url      = "http://www.example.com/b-1.0.tar.gz"
+
+    version('1.0', '0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef')
+
+    def install(self, spec, prefix):
+        pass

var/spack/mock_packages/c/package.py

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+from spack import *
+
+class C(Package):
+    """Simple package with no dependencies"""
+
+    homepage = "http://www.example.com"
+    url      = "http://www.example.com/c-1.0.tar.gz"
+
+    version('1.0', '0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef')
+
+    def install(self, spec, prefix):
+        pass

var/spack/mock_packages/e/package.py

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+from spack import *
+
+class E(Package):
+    """Simple package with no dependencies"""
+
+    homepage = "http://www.example.com"
+    url      = "http://www.example.com/e-1.0.tar.gz"
+
+    version('1.0', '0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef')
+
+    def install(self, spec, prefix):
+        pass

var/spack/mock_packages/optional-dep-test-2/package.py

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+from spack import *
+
+class OptionalDepTest2(Package):
+    """Depends on the optional-dep-test package"""
+
+    homepage = "http://www.example.com"
+    url      = "http://www.example.com/optional-dep-test-2-1.0.tar.gz"
+
+    version('1.0', '0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef')
+
+    variant('odt', default=False)
+    variant('mpi', default=False)
+
+    depends_on('optional-dep-test', when='+odt')
+    depends_on('optional-dep-test+mpi', when='+mpi')
+
+    def install(self, spec, prefix):
+        pass

var/spack/mock_packages/optional-dep-test/package.py

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+from spack import *
+
+class OptionalDepTest(Package):
+    """Description"""
+
+    homepage = "http://www.example.com"
+    url      = "http://www.example.com/optional_dep_test-1.0.tar.gz"
+
+    version('1.0', '0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef')
+    version('1.1', '0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef')
+
+    variant('a',   default=False)
+    variant('f',   default=False)
+    variant('mpi', default=False)
+
+    depends_on('a', when='+a')
+    depends_on('b', when='@1.1')
+    depends_on('c', when='%intel')
+    depends_on('d', when='%intel@64.1')
+    depends_on('e', when='%clang@34:40')
+
+    depends_on('f', when='+f')
+    depends_on('g', when='^f')
+    depends_on('mpi', when='^g')
+
+    depends_on('mpi', when='+mpi')
+
+    def install(self, spec, prefix):
+        pass