Remove deprecated --spec-file arg from tests

The `spack ci` tests were using the deprecated `--spec-file` argument, which should be
replaced with `--spec`.

.codecov.yml

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ coverage:
   status:
     project:
       default:
-        threshold: 2.0%
+        threshold: 0.2%
 
 ignore:
   - lib/spack/spack/test/.*

.devcontainer/postCreateCommand.sh

@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-
-# Load spack environment at terminal startup
-cat <<EOF >> /root/.bashrc
-. /workspaces/spack/share/spack/setup-env.sh
-EOF
-
-# Load spack environment in this script
-. /workspaces/spack/share/spack/setup-env.sh
-
-# Ensure generic targets for maximum matching with buildcaches
-spack config --scope site add "packages:all:require:[target=x86_64_v3]"
-spack config --scope site add "concretizer:targets:granularity:generic"
-
-# Find compiler and install gcc-runtime
-spack compiler find --scope site
-
-# Setup buildcaches
-spack mirror add --scope site develop https://binaries.spack.io/develop
-spack buildcache keys --install --trust

.devcontainer/ubuntu20.04/devcontainer.json

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "name": "Ubuntu 20.04",
-  "image": "ghcr.io/spack/ubuntu20.04-runner-amd64-gcc-11.4:2023.08.01",
-  "postCreateCommand": "./.devcontainer/postCreateCommand.sh"
-}

.devcontainer/ubuntu22.04/devcontainer.json

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "name": "Ubuntu 22.04",
-  "image": "ghcr.io/spack/ubuntu-22.04:v2024-05-07",
-  "postCreateCommand": "./.devcontainer/postCreateCommand.sh"
-}

.flake8

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ max-line-length = 99
 # - F821: undefined name `name`
 #
 per-file-ignores =
-  var/spack/*/package.py:F403,F405,F821
+  var/spack/repos/*/package.py:F403,F405,F821
   *-ci-package.py:F403,F405,F821
 
 # exclude things we usually do not want linting for.

.gitattributes

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
 *.py diff=python
+*.lp linguist-language=Prolog
 lib/spack/external/* linguist-vendored
-*.bat text eol=crlf
+*.bat text eol=crlf

.github/dependabot.yml

@@ -5,10 +5,13 @@ updates:
     directory: "/"
     schedule:
       interval: "daily"
-  # Requirements to run style checks and build documentation
+  # Requirements to build documentation
   - package-ecosystem: "pip"
-    directories:
-     - "/.github/workflows/requirements/style/*"
-     - "/lib/spack/docs"
+    directory: "/lib/spack/docs"
+    schedule:
+      interval: "daily"
+  # Requirements to run style checks
+  - package-ecosystem: "pip"
+    directory: "/.github/workflows/style"
     schedule:
       interval: "daily"

.github/pull_request_template.md

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-<!--  
-Remember that `spackbot` can help with your PR in multiple ways:
-- `@spackbot help` shows all the commands that are currently available
-- `@spackbot fix style` tries to push a commit to fix style issues in this PR
-- `@spackbot re-run pipeline` runs the pipelines again, if you have write access to the repository 
--->

.github/workflows/audit.yaml

@@ -17,57 +17,33 @@ concurrency:
 jobs:
   # Run audits on all the packages in the built-in repository
   package-audits:
-    runs-on: ${{ matrix.system.os }}
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.operating_system }}
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        system:
-        - { os: windows-latest, shell: 'powershell Invoke-Expression -Command "./share/spack/qa/windows_test_setup.ps1"; {0}' }
-        - { os: ubuntu-latest, shell: bash }
-        - { os: macos-latest, shell: bash }
-    defaults:
-      run:
-        shell: ${{ matrix.system.shell }}
+        operating_system: ["ubuntu-latest", "macos-latest"]
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@0b93645e9fea7318ecaed2b359559ac225c90a2b
+    - uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # @v2
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@0a5c61591373683505ea898e09a3ea4f39ef2b9c # @v2
       with:
         python-version: ${{inputs.python_version}}
     - name: Install Python packages
       run: |
         pip install --upgrade pip setuptools pytest coverage[toml]
-    - name: Setup for Windows run
-      if: runner.os == 'Windows'
-      run: |
-        python -m pip install --upgrade pywin32
     - name: Package audits (with coverage)
-      env:
-          COVERAGE_FILE: coverage/.coverage-audits-${{ matrix.system.os }}
-      if: ${{ inputs.with_coverage == 'true' && runner.os != 'Windows' }}
+      if: ${{ inputs.with_coverage == 'true' }}
       run: |
           . share/spack/setup-env.sh
           coverage run $(which spack) audit packages
-          coverage run $(which spack) audit configs
-          coverage run $(which spack) -d audit externals
+          coverage run $(which spack) audit externals        
           coverage combine
+          coverage xml
     - name: Package audits (without coverage)
-      if: ${{ inputs.with_coverage == 'false' && runner.os != 'Windows' }}
+      if: ${{ inputs.with_coverage == 'false' }}
       run: |
           . share/spack/setup-env.sh
-          spack -d audit packages
-          spack -d audit configs
-          spack -d audit externals
-    - name: Package audits (without coverage)
-      if: ${{ runner.os == 'Windows' }}
-      run: |
-          spack -d audit packages
-          ./share/spack/qa/validate_last_exit.ps1
-          spack -d audit configs
-          ./share/spack/qa/validate_last_exit.ps1
-          spack -d audit externals
-          ./share/spack/qa/validate_last_exit.ps1
-    - uses: actions/upload-artifact@6f51ac03b9356f520e9adb1b1b7802705f340c2b
-      if: ${{ inputs.with_coverage == 'true' && runner.os != 'Windows' }}
+          $(which spack) audit packages
+          $(which spack) audit externals
+    - uses: codecov/codecov-action@eaaf4bedf32dbdc6b720b63067d99c4d77d6047d # @v2.1.0
+      if: ${{ inputs.with_coverage == 'true' }}
       with:
-        name: coverage-audits-${{ matrix.system.os }}
-        path: coverage
-        include-hidden-files: true
+        flags: unittests,audits

.github/workflows/bin/bootstrap-test.sh

@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-set -e
-source share/spack/setup-env.sh
-$PYTHON bin/spack bootstrap disable github-actions-v0.5
-$PYTHON bin/spack bootstrap disable spack-install
-$PYTHON bin/spack $SPACK_FLAGS solve zlib
-tree $BOOTSTRAP/store
-exit 0

.github/workflows/bootstrap-test.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+set -ex
+source share/spack/setup-env.sh
+$PYTHON bin/spack bootstrap disable spack-install
+$PYTHON bin/spack -d solve zlib
+tree $BOOTSTRAP/store
+exit 0

.github/workflows/bootstrap.yml

@@ -13,22 +13,118 @@ concurrency:
   cancel-in-progress: true
 
 jobs:
-  distros-clingo-sources:
+  fedora-clingo-sources:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    container: ${{ matrix.image }}
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        image: ["fedora:latest", "opensuse/leap:latest"]
+    container: "fedora:latest"
     steps:
-      - name: Setup Fedora
-        if: ${{ matrix.image == 'fedora:latest' }}
+      - name: Install dependencies
         run: |
           dnf install -y \
-              bzip2 curl file gcc-c++ gcc gcc-gfortran git gzip \
+              bzip2 curl file gcc-c++ gcc gcc-gfortran git gnupg2 gzip \
               make patch unzip which xz python3 python3-devel tree \
-              cmake bison bison-devel libstdc++-static gawk
-      - name: Setup OpenSUSE
-        if: ${{ matrix.image == 'opensuse/leap:latest' }}
+              cmake bison bison-devel libstdc++-static
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+      - name: Setup non-root user
+        run: |
+          # See [1] below
+          git config --global --add safe.directory /__w/spack/spack
+          useradd spack-test && mkdir -p ~spack-test
+          chown -R spack-test . ~spack-test
+      - name: Setup repo
+        shell: runuser -u spack-test -- bash {0}
+        run: |
+          git --version
+          . .github/workflows/setup_git.sh
+      - name: Bootstrap clingo
+        shell: runuser -u spack-test -- bash {0}
+        run: |
+          source share/spack/setup-env.sh
+          spack bootstrap disable github-actions-v0.5
+          spack bootstrap disable github-actions-v0.4
+          spack external find cmake bison
+          spack -d solve zlib
+          tree ~/.spack/bootstrap/store/
+
+  ubuntu-clingo-sources:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    container: "ubuntu:latest"
+    steps:
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        env:
+          DEBIAN_FRONTEND: noninteractive
+        run: |
+          apt-get update -y && apt-get upgrade -y
+          apt-get install -y \
+              bzip2 curl file g++ gcc gfortran git gnupg2 gzip \
+              make patch unzip xz-utils python3 python3-dev tree \
+              cmake bison
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+      - name: Setup non-root user
+        run: |
+          # See [1] below
+          git config --global --add safe.directory /__w/spack/spack
+          useradd spack-test && mkdir -p ~spack-test
+          chown -R spack-test . ~spack-test
+      - name: Setup repo
+        shell: runuser -u spack-test -- bash {0}
+        run: |
+          git --version
+          . .github/workflows/setup_git.sh
+      - name: Bootstrap clingo
+        shell: runuser -u spack-test -- bash {0}
+        run: |
+          source share/spack/setup-env.sh
+          spack bootstrap disable github-actions-v0.5
+          spack bootstrap disable github-actions-v0.4
+          spack external find cmake bison
+          spack -d solve zlib
+          tree ~/.spack/bootstrap/store/
+
+  ubuntu-clingo-binaries-and-patchelf:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    container: "ubuntu:latest"
+    steps:
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        env:
+          DEBIAN_FRONTEND: noninteractive
+        run: |
+          apt-get update -y && apt-get upgrade -y
+          apt-get install -y \
+              bzip2 curl file g++ gcc gfortran git gnupg2 gzip \
+              make patch unzip xz-utils python3 python3-dev tree
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+      - name: Setup non-root user
+        run: |
+          # See [1] below
+          git config --global --add safe.directory /__w/spack/spack
+          useradd spack-test && mkdir -p ~spack-test
+          chown -R spack-test . ~spack-test
+      - name: Setup repo
+        shell: runuser -u spack-test -- bash {0}
+        run: |
+          git --version
+          . .github/workflows/setup_git.sh
+      - name: Bootstrap clingo
+        shell: runuser -u spack-test -- bash {0}
+        run: |
+          source share/spack/setup-env.sh
+          spack -d solve zlib
+          tree ~/.spack/bootstrap/store/
+
+  opensuse-clingo-sources:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    container: "opensuse/leap:latest"
+    steps:
+      - name: Install dependencies
         run: |
           # Harden CI by applying the workaround described here: https://www.suse.com/support/kb/doc/?id=000019505
           zypper update -y || zypper update -y
@@ -37,117 +133,101 @@ jobs:
               make patch unzip which xz python3 python3-devel tree \
               cmake bison
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683
+        uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
+      - name: Setup repo
+        run: |
+          # See [1] below
+          git config --global --add safe.directory /__w/spack/spack
+          git --version
+          . .github/workflows/setup_git.sh
       - name: Bootstrap clingo
         run: |
           source share/spack/setup-env.sh
-          spack bootstrap disable github-actions-v0.6
           spack bootstrap disable github-actions-v0.5
+          spack bootstrap disable github-actions-v0.4
           spack external find cmake bison
           spack -d solve zlib
           tree ~/.spack/bootstrap/store/
 
-  clingo-sources:
-    runs-on: ${{ matrix.runner }}
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        runner: ['macos-13', 'macos-14', "ubuntu-latest"]
+  macos-clingo-sources:
+    runs-on: macos-latest
     steps:
-      - name: Setup macOS
-        if: ${{ matrix.runner != 'ubuntu-latest' }}
+      - name: Install dependencies
         run: |
-          brew install cmake bison tree
+          brew install cmake bison@2.7 tree
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683
-        with:
-          fetch-depth: 0
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@0b93645e9fea7318ecaed2b359559ac225c90a2b
+        uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@0a5c61591373683505ea898e09a3ea4f39ef2b9c # @v2
         with:
           python-version: "3.12"
       - name: Bootstrap clingo
         run: |
           source share/spack/setup-env.sh
-          spack bootstrap disable github-actions-v0.6
+          export PATH=/usr/local/opt/bison@2.7/bin:$PATH
           spack bootstrap disable github-actions-v0.5
+          spack bootstrap disable github-actions-v0.4
           spack external find --not-buildable cmake bison
           spack -d solve zlib
-          tree $HOME/.spack/bootstrap/store/
-
-  gnupg-sources:
-    runs-on: ${{ matrix.runner }}
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        runner: [ 'macos-13', 'macos-14', "ubuntu-latest" ]
-    steps:
-      - name: Setup macOS
-        if: ${{ matrix.runner != 'ubuntu-latest' }}
-        run: brew install tree gawk
-      - name: Remove system executables
-        run: |
-          while [ -n "$(command -v gpg gpg2 patchelf)" ]; do
-            sudo rm $(command -v gpg gpg2 patchelf)
-          done
-      - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683
-        with:
-          fetch-depth: 0
-      - name: Bootstrap GnuPG
-        run: |
-          source share/spack/setup-env.sh
-          spack solve zlib
-          spack bootstrap disable github-actions-v0.6
-          spack bootstrap disable github-actions-v0.5
-          spack -d gpg list
           tree ~/.spack/bootstrap/store/
 
-  from-binaries:
-    runs-on: ${{ matrix.runner }}
+  macos-clingo-binaries:
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.macos-version }}
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        runner: ['macos-13', 'macos-14', "ubuntu-latest"]
+        macos-version: ['macos-11', 'macos-12']
     steps:
-      - name: Setup macOS
-        if: ${{ matrix.runner != 'ubuntu-latest' }}
-        run: brew install tree
-      - name: Remove system executables
+      - name: Install dependencies
         run: |
-          while [ -n "$(command -v gpg gpg2 patchelf)" ]; do
-            sudo rm $(command -v gpg gpg2 patchelf)
-          done
+          brew install tree
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683
-        with:
-          fetch-depth: 0
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@0b93645e9fea7318ecaed2b359559ac225c90a2b
-        with:
-          python-version: |
-            3.8
-            3.9
-            3.10
-            3.11
-            3.12
-            3.13
-      - name: Set bootstrap sources
-        run: |
-          source share/spack/setup-env.sh
-          spack bootstrap disable github-actions-v0.5
-          spack bootstrap disable spack-install
+        uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11
       - name: Bootstrap clingo
         run: |
-          set -e
-          for ver in '3.8' '3.9' '3.10' '3.11' '3.12' '3.13'; do
+          set -ex
+          for ver in '3.7' '3.8' '3.9' '3.10' '3.11' ; do
             not_found=1
             ver_dir="$(find $RUNNER_TOOL_CACHE/Python -wholename "*/${ver}.*/*/bin" | grep . || true)"
+            echo "Testing $ver_dir"
             if [[ -d "$ver_dir" ]] ; then
-              echo "Testing $ver_dir"
               if $ver_dir/python --version ; then
                 export PYTHON="$ver_dir/python"
                 not_found=0
                 old_path="$PATH"
                 export PATH="$ver_dir:$PATH"
-                ./bin/spack-tmpconfig -b ./.github/workflows/bin/bootstrap-test.sh
+                ./bin/spack-tmpconfig -b ./.github/workflows/bootstrap-test.sh
+                export PATH="$old_path"
+              fi
+            fi
+            # NOTE: test all pythons that exist, not all do on 12
+          done
+
+  ubuntu-clingo-binaries:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+      - name: Setup repo
+        run: |
+          git --version
+          . .github/workflows/setup_git.sh
+      - name: Bootstrap clingo
+        run: |
+          set -ex
+          for ver in '3.7' '3.8' '3.9' '3.10' '3.11' ; do
+            not_found=1
+            ver_dir="$(find $RUNNER_TOOL_CACHE/Python -wholename "*/${ver}.*/*/bin" | grep . || true)"
+            echo "Testing $ver_dir"
+            if [[ -d "$ver_dir" ]] ; then
+              if $ver_dir/python --version ; then
+                export PYTHON="$ver_dir/python"
+                not_found=0
+                old_path="$PATH"
+                export PATH="$ver_dir:$PATH"
+                ./bin/spack-tmpconfig -b ./.github/workflows/bootstrap-test.sh
                 export PATH="$old_path"
               fi
             fi
@@ -156,39 +236,122 @@ jobs:
               exit 1
             fi
           done
+
+  ubuntu-gnupg-binaries:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    container: "ubuntu:latest"
+    steps:
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        env:
+          DEBIAN_FRONTEND: noninteractive
+        run: |
+          apt-get update -y && apt-get upgrade -y
+          apt-get install -y \
+              bzip2 curl file g++ gcc patchelf gfortran git gzip \
+              make patch unzip xz-utils python3 python3-dev tree
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+      - name: Setup non-root user
+        run: |
+          # See [1] below
+          git config --global --add safe.directory /__w/spack/spack
+          useradd spack-test && mkdir -p ~spack-test
+          chown -R spack-test . ~spack-test
+      - name: Setup repo
+        shell: runuser -u spack-test -- bash {0}
+        run: |
+          git --version
+          . .github/workflows/setup_git.sh
+      - name: Bootstrap GnuPG
+        shell: runuser -u spack-test -- bash {0}
+        run: |
+          source share/spack/setup-env.sh
+          spack bootstrap disable github-actions-v0.4
+          spack bootstrap disable spack-install
+          spack -d gpg list
+          tree ~/.spack/bootstrap/store/
+
+  ubuntu-gnupg-sources:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    container: "ubuntu:latest"
+    steps:
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        env:
+          DEBIAN_FRONTEND: noninteractive
+        run: |
+          apt-get update -y && apt-get upgrade -y
+          apt-get install -y \
+              bzip2 curl file g++ gcc patchelf gfortran git gzip \
+              make patch unzip xz-utils python3 python3-dev tree \
+              gawk
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+      - name: Setup non-root user
+        run: |
+          # See [1] below
+          git config --global --add safe.directory /__w/spack/spack
+          useradd spack-test && mkdir -p ~spack-test
+          chown -R spack-test . ~spack-test
+      - name: Setup repo
+        shell: runuser -u spack-test -- bash {0}
+        run: |
+          git --version
+          . .github/workflows/setup_git.sh
+      - name: Bootstrap GnuPG
+        shell: runuser -u spack-test -- bash {0}
+        run: |
+          source share/spack/setup-env.sh
+          spack solve zlib
+          spack bootstrap disable github-actions-v0.5
+          spack bootstrap disable github-actions-v0.4
+          spack -d gpg list
+          tree ~/.spack/bootstrap/store/
+
+  macos-gnupg-binaries:
+    runs-on: macos-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: |
+          brew install tree
+          # Remove GnuPG since we want to bootstrap it
+          sudo rm -rf /usr/local/bin/gpg
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11
       - name: Bootstrap GnuPG
         run: |
           source share/spack/setup-env.sh
+          spack bootstrap disable github-actions-v0.4
+          spack bootstrap disable spack-install
           spack -d gpg list
-          tree $HOME/.spack/bootstrap/store/
+          tree ~/.spack/bootstrap/store/
 
-
-  windows:
-    runs-on: "windows-latest"
+  macos-gnupg-sources:
+    runs-on: macos-latest
     steps:
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: |
+          brew install gawk tree
+          # Remove GnuPG since we want to bootstrap it
+          sudo rm -rf /usr/local/bin/gpg
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683
-        with:
-          fetch-depth: 0
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@0b93645e9fea7318ecaed2b359559ac225c90a2b
-        with:
-          python-version: "3.12"
-      - name: Setup Windows
-        run: |
-          Remove-Item -Path (Get-Command gpg).Path
-          Remove-Item -Path (Get-Command file).Path
-      - name: Bootstrap clingo
-        run: |
-          ./share/spack/setup-env.ps1
-          spack bootstrap disable github-actions-v0.6
-          spack bootstrap disable github-actions-v0.5
-          spack external find --not-buildable cmake bison
-          spack -d solve zlib
-          ./share/spack/qa/validate_last_exit.ps1
-          tree $env:userprofile/.spack/bootstrap/store/
+        uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11
       - name: Bootstrap GnuPG
         run: |
-          ./share/spack/setup-env.ps1
+          source share/spack/setup-env.sh
+          spack solve zlib
+          spack bootstrap disable github-actions-v0.5
+          spack bootstrap disable github-actions-v0.4
           spack -d gpg list
-          ./share/spack/qa/validate_last_exit.ps1
-          tree $env:userprofile/.spack/bootstrap/store/
+          tree ~/.spack/bootstrap/store/
+
+
+# [1] Distros that have patched git to resolve CVE-2022-24765 (e.g. Ubuntu patching v2.25.1)
+#     introduce breaking behaviorso we have to set `safe.directory` in gitconfig ourselves.
+#     See:
+#     - https://github.blog/2022-04-12-git-security-vulnerability-announced/
+#     - https://github.com/actions/checkout/issues/760
+#     - http://changelogs.ubuntu.com/changelogs/pool/main/g/git/git_2.25.1-1ubuntu3.3/changelog

.github/workflows/build-containers.yml

@@ -40,30 +40,24 @@ jobs:
         # 1: Platforms to build for
         # 2: Base image (e.g. ubuntu:22.04)
         dockerfile: [[amazon-linux, 'linux/amd64,linux/arm64', 'amazonlinux:2'],
-                     [centos-stream9, 'linux/amd64,linux/arm64', 'centos:stream9'],
-                     [leap15, 'linux/amd64,linux/arm64', 'opensuse/leap:15'],
-                     [ubuntu-focal, 'linux/amd64,linux/arm64', 'ubuntu:20.04'],
-                     [ubuntu-jammy, 'linux/amd64,linux/arm64', 'ubuntu:22.04'],
-                     [ubuntu-noble, 'linux/amd64,linux/arm64', 'ubuntu:24.04'],
-                     [almalinux8, 'linux/amd64,linux/arm64', 'almalinux:8'],
-                     [almalinux9, 'linux/amd64,linux/arm64', 'almalinux:9'],
+                     [centos7, 'linux/amd64,linux/arm64,linux/ppc64le', 'centos:7'],
+                     [centos-stream, 'linux/amd64,linux/arm64,linux/ppc64le', 'centos:stream'],
+                     [leap15, 'linux/amd64,linux/arm64,linux/ppc64le', 'opensuse/leap:15'],
+                     [ubuntu-focal, 'linux/amd64,linux/arm64,linux/ppc64le', 'ubuntu:20.04'],
+                     [ubuntu-jammy, 'linux/amd64,linux/arm64,linux/ppc64le', 'ubuntu:22.04'],
+                     [almalinux8, 'linux/amd64,linux/arm64,linux/ppc64le', 'almalinux:8'],
+                     [almalinux9, 'linux/amd64,linux/arm64,linux/ppc64le', 'almalinux:9'],
                      [rockylinux8, 'linux/amd64,linux/arm64', 'rockylinux:8'],
                      [rockylinux9, 'linux/amd64,linux/arm64', 'rockylinux:9'],
-                     [fedora39, 'linux/amd64,linux/arm64', 'fedora:39'],
-                     [fedora40, 'linux/amd64,linux/arm64', 'fedora:40']]
+                     [fedora37, 'linux/amd64,linux/arm64,linux/ppc64le', 'fedora:37'],
+                     [fedora38, 'linux/amd64,linux/arm64,linux/ppc64le', 'fedora:38']]
     name: Build ${{ matrix.dockerfile[0] }}
     if: github.repository == 'spack/spack'
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683
+        uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # @v2
 
-      - name: Determine latest release tag
-        id: latest
-        run: |
-          git fetch --quiet --tags
-          echo "tag=$(git tag --list --sort=-v:refname | grep -E '^v[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+$' | head -n 1)" | tee -a $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-
-      - uses: docker/metadata-action@369eb591f429131d6889c46b94e711f089e6ca96
+      - uses: docker/metadata-action@31cebacef4805868f9ce9a0cb03ee36c32df2ac4
         id: docker_meta
         with:
           images: |
@@ -77,13 +71,12 @@ jobs:
               type=semver,pattern={{major}}
               type=ref,event=branch
               type=ref,event=pr
-              type=raw,value=latest,enable=${{ github.ref == format('refs/tags/{0}', steps.latest.outputs.tag) }}
 
       - name: Generate the Dockerfile
         env:
           SPACK_YAML_OS: "${{ matrix.dockerfile[2] }}"
         run: |
-          .github/workflows/bin/generate_spack_yaml_containerize.sh
+          .github/workflows/generate_spack_yaml_containerize.sh
           . share/spack/setup-env.sh
           mkdir -p dockerfiles/${{ matrix.dockerfile[0] }}
           spack containerize --last-stage=bootstrap | tee dockerfiles/${{ matrix.dockerfile[0] }}/Dockerfile
@@ -94,19 +87,19 @@ jobs:
           fi
 
       - name: Upload Dockerfile
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@6f51ac03b9356f520e9adb1b1b7802705f340c2b
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@a8a3f3ad30e3422c9c7b888a15615d19a852ae32
         with:
-          name: dockerfiles_${{ matrix.dockerfile[0] }}
+          name: dockerfiles
           path: dockerfiles
 
       - name: Set up QEMU
-        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@49b3bc8e6bdd4a60e6116a5414239cba5943d3cf
+        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@68827325e0b33c7199eb31dd4e31fbe9023e06e3
 
       - name: Set up Docker Buildx
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@6524bf65af31da8d45b59e8c27de4bd072b392f5
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@f95db51fddba0c2d1ec667646a06c2ce06100226
 
       - name: Log in to GitHub Container Registry
-        uses: docker/login-action@9780b0c442fbb1117ed29e0efdff1e18412f7567
+        uses: docker/login-action@343f7c4344506bcbf9b4de18042ae17996df046d
         with:
           registry: ghcr.io
           username: ${{ github.actor }}
@@ -114,27 +107,18 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Log in to DockerHub
         if: github.event_name != 'pull_request'
-        uses: docker/login-action@9780b0c442fbb1117ed29e0efdff1e18412f7567
+        uses: docker/login-action@343f7c4344506bcbf9b4de18042ae17996df046d
         with:
           username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
           password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
 
       - name: Build & Deploy ${{ matrix.dockerfile[0] }}
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@48aba3b46d1b1fec4febb7c5d0c644b249a11355
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@4a13e500e55cf31b7a5d59a38ab2040ab0f42f56
         with:
           context: dockerfiles/${{ matrix.dockerfile[0] }}
           platforms: ${{ matrix.dockerfile[1] }}
           push: ${{ github.event_name != 'pull_request' }}
+          cache-from: type=gha
+          cache-to: type=gha,mode=max
           tags: ${{ steps.docker_meta.outputs.tags }}
           labels: ${{ steps.docker_meta.outputs.labels }}
-
-  merge-dockerfiles:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    needs: deploy-images
-    steps:
-      - name: Merge Artifacts
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact/merge@6f51ac03b9356f520e9adb1b1b7802705f340c2b
-        with:
-          name: dockerfiles
-          pattern: dockerfiles_*
-          delete-merged: true

.github/workflows/ci.yaml

@@ -9,13 +9,23 @@ on:
     branches:
       - develop
       - releases/**
-  merge_group:
 
 concurrency:
   group: ci-${{github.ref}}-${{github.event.pull_request.number || github.run_number}}
   cancel-in-progress: true
 
 jobs:
+  prechecks:
+    needs: [ changes ]
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/valid-style.yml
+    with:
+      with_coverage: ${{ needs.changes.outputs.core }}
+  all-prechecks:
+    needs: [ prechecks ]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - name: Success
+      run: "true"
   # Check which files have been updated by the PR
   changes:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
@@ -25,34 +35,23 @@ jobs:
       core: ${{ steps.filter.outputs.core }}
       packages: ${{ steps.filter.outputs.packages }}
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683
-        if: ${{ github.event_name == 'push' || github.event_name == 'merge_group' }}
+      - uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # @v2
+        if: ${{ github.event_name == 'push' }}
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
             # For pull requests it's not necessary to checkout the code
-      - uses: dorny/paths-filter@de90cc6fb38fc0963ad72b210f1f284cd68cea36
+      - uses: dorny/paths-filter@4512585405083f25c027a35db413c2b3b9006d50
         id: filter
         with:
-          # For merge group events, compare against the target branch (main)
-          base: ${{ github.event_name == 'merge_group' && github.event.merge_group.base_ref || '' }}
-          # For merge group events, use the merge group head ref
-          ref: ${{ github.event_name == 'merge_group' && github.event.merge_group.head_sha || github.ref }}
           # See https://github.com/dorny/paths-filter/issues/56 for the syntax used below
           # Don't run if we only modified packages in the
           # built-in repository or documentation
           filters: |
             bootstrap:
-            - 'var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/clingo-bootstrap/**'
-            - 'var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/clingo/**'
-            - 'var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/python/**'
-            - 'var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/re2c/**'
-            - 'var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/gnupg/**'
-            - 'var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/libassuan/**'
-            - 'var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/libgcrypt/**'
-            - 'var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/libgpg-error/**'
-            - 'var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/libksba/**'
-            - 'var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/npth/**'
-            - 'var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/pinentry/**'
+            - 'var/spack/repos/builtin/packages/clingo-bootstrap/**'
+            - 'var/spack/repos/builtin/packages/clingo/**'
+            - 'var/spack/repos/builtin/packages/python/**'
+            - 'var/spack/repos/builtin/packages/re2c/**'
             - 'lib/spack/**'
             - 'share/spack/**'
             - '.github/workflows/bootstrap.yml'
@@ -71,60 +70,17 @@ jobs:
     if: ${{ github.repository == 'spack/spack' && needs.changes.outputs.bootstrap == 'true' }}
     needs: [ prechecks, changes ]
     uses: ./.github/workflows/bootstrap.yml
-    secrets: inherit
-
   unit-tests:
     if: ${{ github.repository == 'spack/spack' && needs.changes.outputs.core == 'true' }}
     needs: [ prechecks, changes ]
     uses: ./.github/workflows/unit_tests.yaml
-    secrets: inherit
-
-  prechecks:
-    needs: [ changes ]
-    uses: ./.github/workflows/prechecks.yml
-    secrets: inherit
-    with:
-      with_coverage: ${{ needs.changes.outputs.core }}
-      with_packages: ${{ needs.changes.outputs.packages }}
-
-  import-check:
-    needs: [ changes ]
-    uses: ./.github/workflows/import-check.yaml
-
-  all-prechecks:
+  windows:
+    if: ${{ github.repository == 'spack/spack' && needs.changes.outputs.core == 'true' }}
     needs: [ prechecks ]
-    if: ${{ always() }}
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/windows_python.yml
+  all:
+    needs: [ windows, unit-tests, bootstrap ]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
     - name: Success
-      run: |
-        if [ "${{ needs.prechecks.result }}" == "failure" ] || [ "${{ needs.prechecks.result }}" == "canceled" ]; then
-          echo "Unit tests failed."
-          exit 1
-        else
-          exit 0
-        fi
-
-  coverage:
-    needs: [ unit-tests, prechecks ]
-    if: ${{ needs.changes.outputs.core }}
-    uses: ./.github/workflows/coverage.yml
-    secrets: inherit
-
-  all:
-    needs: [ unit-tests, coverage, bootstrap ]
-    if: ${{ always() }}
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    # See https://docs.github.com/en/actions/writing-workflows/choosing-what-your-workflow-does/accessing-contextual-information-about-workflow-runs#needs-context
-    steps:
-    - name: Status summary
-      run: |
-        if [ "${{ needs.unit-tests.result }}" == "failure" ] || [ "${{ needs.unit-tests.result }}" == "canceled" ]; then
-          echo "Unit tests failed."
-          exit 1
-        elif [ "${{ needs.bootstrap.result }}" == "failure" ] || [ "${{ needs.bootstrap.result }}" == "canceled" ]; then
-          echo "Bootstrap tests failed."
-          exit 1
-        else
-          exit 0
-        fi
+      run: "true"

.github/workflows/coverage.yml

@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-name: coverage
-
-on:
-  workflow_call:
-
-jobs:
-  # Upload coverage reports to codecov once as a single bundle
-  upload:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@0b93645e9fea7318ecaed2b359559ac225c90a2b
-      with:
-        python-version: '3.11'
-        cache: 'pip'
-
-    - name: Install python dependencies
-      run: pip install -r .github/workflows/requirements/coverage/requirements.txt
-
-    - name: Download coverage artifact files
-      uses: actions/download-artifact@fa0a91b85d4f404e444e00e005971372dc801d16
-      with:
-        pattern: coverage-*
-        path: coverage
-        merge-multiple: true
-
-    - run: ls -la coverage
-    - run: coverage combine -a coverage/.coverage*
-    - run: coverage xml
-
-    - name: "Upload coverage report to CodeCov"
-      uses: codecov/codecov-action@1e68e06f1dbfde0e4cefc87efeba9e4643565303
-      with:
-        verbose: true
-        fail_ci_if_error: false
-        token: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}

.github/workflows/import-check.yaml

@@ -1,49 +0,0 @@
-name: import-check
-
-on:
-  workflow_call:
-
-jobs:
-  # Check we don't make the situation with circular imports worse
-  import-check:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-    - uses: julia-actions/setup-julia@v2
-      with:
-        version: '1.10'
-    - uses: julia-actions/cache@v2
-
-    # PR: use the base of the PR as the old commit
-    - name: Checkout PR base commit
-      if: github.event_name == 'pull_request'
-      uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683
-      with:
-        ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.base.sha }}
-        path: old
-    # not a PR: use the previous commit as the old commit
-    - name: Checkout previous commit
-      if: github.event_name != 'pull_request'
-      uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683
-      with:
-        fetch-depth: 2
-        path: old
-    - name: Checkout previous commit
-      if: github.event_name != 'pull_request'
-      run: git -C old reset --hard HEAD^
-
-    - name: Checkout new commit
-      uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683
-      with:
-        path: new
-    - name: Install circular import checker
-      uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683
-      with:
-        repository: haampie/circular-import-fighter
-        ref: 4cdb0bf15f04ab6b49041d5ef1bfd9644cce7f33
-        path: circular-import-fighter
-    - name: Install dependencies
-      working-directory: circular-import-fighter
-      run: make -j dependencies
-    - name: Circular import check
-      working-directory: circular-import-fighter
-      run: make -j compare "SPACK_ROOT=../old ../new"

.github/workflows/install_spack.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env sh
+. share/spack/setup-env.sh
+echo -e "config:\n  build_jobs: 2" > etc/spack/config.yaml
+spack config add "packages:all:target:[x86_64]"
+spack compiler find
+spack compiler info apple-clang
+spack debug report
+spack solve zlib

.github/workflows/nightly-win-builds.yml

@@ -14,10 +14,10 @@ jobs:
   build-paraview-deps:
     runs-on: windows-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683
+    - uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11
       with:
         fetch-depth: 0
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@0b93645e9fea7318ecaed2b359559ac225c90a2b
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@0a5c61591373683505ea898e09a3ea4f39ef2b9c
       with:
         python-version: 3.9
     - name: Install Python packages

.github/workflows/prechecks.yml

@@ -1,108 +0,0 @@
-name: prechecks
-
-on:
-  workflow_call:
-    inputs:
-      with_coverage:
-        required: true
-        type: string
-      with_packages:
-        required: true
-        type: string
-
-concurrency:
-  group: style-${{github.ref}}-${{github.event.pull_request.number || github.run_number}}
-  cancel-in-progress: true
-
-
-jobs:
-  # Validate that the code can be run on all the Python versions supported by Spack
-  validate:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@0b93645e9fea7318ecaed2b359559ac225c90a2b
-      with:
-        python-version: '3.13'
-        cache: 'pip'
-        cache-dependency-path: '.github/workflows/requirements/style/requirements.txt'
-    - name: Install Python Packages
-      run: |
-        pip install -r .github/workflows/requirements/style/requirements.txt
-    - name: vermin (Spack's Core)
-      run: |
-        vermin --backport importlib --backport argparse --violations --backport typing -t=3.6- -vvv lib/spack/spack/ lib/spack/llnl/ bin/
-    - name: vermin (Repositories)
-      run: |
-        vermin --backport importlib --backport argparse --violations --backport typing -t=3.6- -vvv var/spack/repos var/spack/test_repos
-
-  # Run style checks on the files that have been changed
-  style:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683
-      with:
-        fetch-depth: 2
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@0b93645e9fea7318ecaed2b359559ac225c90a2b
-      with:
-        python-version: '3.13'
-        cache: 'pip'
-        cache-dependency-path: '.github/workflows/requirements/style/requirements.txt'
-    - name: Install Python packages
-      run: |
-        pip install -r .github/workflows/requirements/style/requirements.txt
-    - name: Run style tests
-      run: |
-        bin/spack style --base HEAD^1
-        bin/spack license verify
-        pylint -j $(nproc) --disable=all --enable=unspecified-encoding --ignore-paths=lib/spack/external lib
-
-  audit:
-    uses: ./.github/workflows/audit.yaml
-    secrets: inherit
-    with:
-      with_coverage: ${{ inputs.with_coverage }}
-      python_version: '3.13'
-
-  verify-checksums:
-    # do not run if the commit message or PR description contains [skip-verify-checksums]
-    if: >-
-      ${{ inputs.with_packages == 'true' &&
-      !contains(github.event.pull_request.body, '[skip-verify-checksums]') &&
-      !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[skip-verify-checksums]') }}
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@a5ac7e51b41094c92402da3b24376905380afc29
-      with:
-        fetch-depth: 2
-    - name: Verify Added Checksums
-      run: |
-        bin/spack ci verify-versions HEAD^1 HEAD
-
-  # Check that spack can bootstrap the development environment on Python 3.6 - RHEL8
-  bootstrap-dev-rhel8:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    container: registry.access.redhat.com/ubi8/ubi
-    steps:
-      - name: Install dependencies
-        run: |
-          dnf install -y \
-              bzip2 curl file gcc-c++ gcc gcc-gfortran git gnupg2 gzip \
-              make patch tcl unzip which xz
-      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683
-      - name: Setup repo and non-root user
-        run: |
-          git --version
-          git config --global --add safe.directory '*'
-          git fetch --unshallow
-          . .github/workflows/bin/setup_git.sh
-          useradd spack-test
-          chown -R spack-test .
-      - name: Bootstrap Spack development environment
-        shell: runuser -u spack-test -- bash {0}
-        run: |
-          source share/spack/setup-env.sh
-          spack debug report
-          spack -d bootstrap now --dev
-          spack -d style -t black
-          spack unit-test -V

.github/workflows/requirements/coverage/requirements.txt

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-coverage==7.6.1

.github/workflows/requirements/style/requirements.txt

@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-black==25.1.0
-clingo==5.8.0
-flake8==7.2.0
-isort==6.0.1
-mypy==1.15.0
-types-six==1.17.0.20250403
-vermin==1.6.0
-pylint==3.3.7

.github/workflows/setup_git.ps1

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# (c) 2022 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
+
 git config --global user.email "spack@example.com"
 git config --global user.name "Test User"
 git config --global core.longpaths true

.github/workflows/style/requirements.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+black==23.11.0
+clingo==5.6.2
+flake8==6.1.0
+isort==5.12.0
+mypy==1.7.1
+types-six==1.16.21.9
+vermin==1.6.0

.github/workflows/sync-packages.yaml

@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
-name: sync with spack/spack-packages
-
-on:
-  push:
-    branches:
-    - develop
-
-jobs:
-  sync:
-    if: github.repository == 'spack/spack'
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-    - name: Checkout spack/spack
-      run: git clone https://github.com/spack/spack.git
-    - name: Checkout spack/spack-packages
-      uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683
-      with:
-        ssh-key: ${{ secrets.SYNC_PACKAGES_KEY }}
-        path: spack-packages
-        repository: spack/spack-packages
-    - name: Install git-filter-repo
-      run: |
-        curl -LfsO https://raw.githubusercontent.com/newren/git-filter-repo/refs/tags/v2.47.0/git-filter-repo
-        echo "67447413e273fc76809289111748870b6f6072f08b17efe94863a92d810b7d94  git-filter-repo" | sha256sum -c -
-        chmod +x git-filter-repo
-        sudo mv git-filter-repo /usr/local/bin/
-    - name: Sync spack/spack-packages with spack/spack
-      run: |
-        cd spack-packages
-        git-filter-repo --quiet --source ../spack --subdirectory-filter var/spack/repos --refs develop
-    - name: Push
-      run: |
-        cd spack-packages
-        git push git@github.com:spack/spack-packages.git develop:develop --force

.github/workflows/unit_tests.yaml

@@ -15,32 +15,46 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       matrix:
         os: [ubuntu-latest]
-        python-version: ['3.8', '3.9', '3.10', '3.11', '3.12']
+        python-version: ['3.7', '3.8', '3.9', '3.10', '3.11', '3.12']
+        concretizer: ['clingo']
         on_develop:
         - ${{ github.ref == 'refs/heads/develop' }}
         include:
-        - python-version: '3.7'
-          os: ubuntu-22.04
+        - python-version: '3.11'
+          os: ubuntu-latest
+          concretizer: original
+          on_develop: ${{ github.ref == 'refs/heads/develop' }}
+        - python-version: '3.6'
+          os: ubuntu-20.04
+          concretizer: clingo
           on_develop: ${{ github.ref == 'refs/heads/develop' }}
         exclude:
+        - python-version: '3.7'
+          os: ubuntu-latest
+          concretizer: 'clingo'
+          on_develop: false
         - python-version: '3.8'
           os: ubuntu-latest
+          concretizer: 'clingo'
           on_develop: false
         - python-version: '3.9'
           os: ubuntu-latest
+          concretizer: 'clingo'
           on_develop: false
         - python-version: '3.10'
           os: ubuntu-latest
+          concretizer: 'clingo'
           on_develop: false
         - python-version: '3.11'
           os: ubuntu-latest
+          concretizer: 'clingo'
           on_develop: false
 
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683
+    - uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # @v2
       with:
         fetch-depth: 0
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@0b93645e9fea7318ecaed2b359559ac225c90a2b
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@0a5c61591373683505ea898e09a3ea4f39ef2b9c # @v2
       with:
         python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
     - name: Install System packages
@@ -49,13 +63,7 @@ jobs:
           # Needed for unit tests
           sudo apt-get -y install \
               coreutils cvs gfortran graphviz gnupg2 mercurial ninja-build \
-              cmake bison libbison-dev subversion
-    # On ubuntu 24.04, kcov was removed. It may come back in some future Ubuntu
-    - name: Set up Homebrew
-      id: set-up-homebrew
-      uses: Homebrew/actions/setup-homebrew@40e9946c182a64b3db1bf51be0dcb915f7802aa9
-    - name: Install kcov with brew
-      run: "brew install kcov"
+              cmake bison libbison-dev kcov
     - name: Install Python packages
       run: |
           pip install --upgrade pip setuptools pytest pytest-xdist pytest-cov
@@ -64,7 +72,7 @@ jobs:
       run: |
           # Need this for the git tests to succeed.
           git --version
-          . .github/workflows/bin/setup_git.sh
+          . .github/workflows/setup_git.sh
     - name: Bootstrap clingo
       if: ${{ matrix.concretizer == 'clingo' }}
       env:
@@ -77,38 +85,30 @@ jobs:
     - name: Run unit tests
       env:
           SPACK_PYTHON: python
+          SPACK_TEST_SOLVER: ${{ matrix.concretizer }}
           SPACK_TEST_PARALLEL: 2
           COVERAGE: true
-          COVERAGE_FILE: coverage/.coverage-${{ matrix.os }}-python${{ matrix.python-version }}
           UNIT_TEST_COVERAGE: ${{ matrix.python-version == '3.11' }}
       run: |
           share/spack/qa/run-unit-tests
-    - uses: actions/upload-artifact@6f51ac03b9356f520e9adb1b1b7802705f340c2b
+    - uses: codecov/codecov-action@eaaf4bedf32dbdc6b720b63067d99c4d77d6047d
       with:
-        name: coverage-${{ matrix.os }}-python${{ matrix.python-version }}
-        path: coverage
-        include-hidden-files: true
+        flags: unittests,linux,${{ matrix.concretizer }}
   # Test shell integration
   shell:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683
+    - uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # @v2
       with:
         fetch-depth: 0
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@0b93645e9fea7318ecaed2b359559ac225c90a2b
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@0a5c61591373683505ea898e09a3ea4f39ef2b9c # @v2
       with:
         python-version: '3.11'
     - name: Install System packages
       run: |
           sudo apt-get -y update
           # Needed for shell tests
-          sudo apt-get install -y coreutils csh zsh tcsh fish dash bash subversion
-    # On ubuntu 24.04, kcov was removed. It may come back in some future Ubuntu
-    - name: Set up Homebrew
-      id: set-up-homebrew
-      uses: Homebrew/actions/setup-homebrew@40e9946c182a64b3db1bf51be0dcb915f7802aa9
-    - name: Install kcov with brew
-      run: "brew install kcov"
+          sudo apt-get install -y coreutils kcov csh zsh tcsh fish dash bash
     - name: Install Python packages
       run: |
           pip install --upgrade pip setuptools pytest coverage[toml] pytest-xdist
@@ -116,17 +116,15 @@ jobs:
       run: |
           # Need this for the git tests to succeed.
           git --version
-          . .github/workflows/bin/setup_git.sh
+          . .github/workflows/setup_git.sh
     - name: Run shell tests
       env:
           COVERAGE: true
       run: |
           share/spack/qa/run-shell-tests
-    - uses: actions/upload-artifact@6f51ac03b9356f520e9adb1b1b7802705f340c2b
+    - uses: codecov/codecov-action@eaaf4bedf32dbdc6b720b63067d99c4d77d6047d
       with:
-        name: coverage-shell
-        path: coverage
-        include-hidden-files: true
+        flags: shelltests,linux
 
   # Test RHEL8 UBI with platform Python. This job is run
   # only on PRs modifying core Spack
@@ -137,15 +135,15 @@ jobs:
     - name: Install dependencies
       run: |
           dnf install -y \
-              bzip2 curl gcc-c++ gcc gcc-gfortran git gnupg2 gzip \
+              bzip2 curl file gcc-c++ gcc gcc-gfortran git gnupg2 gzip \
               make patch tcl unzip which xz
-    - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683
+    - uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # @v2
     - name: Setup repo and non-root user
       run: |
           git --version
-          git config --global --add safe.directory '*'
+          git config --global --add safe.directory /__w/spack/spack
           git fetch --unshallow
-          . .github/workflows/bin/setup_git.sh
+          . .github/workflows/setup_git.sh
           useradd spack-test
           chown -R spack-test .
     - name: Run unit tests
@@ -158,49 +156,45 @@ jobs:
   clingo-cffi:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683
+    - uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # @v2
       with:
         fetch-depth: 0
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@0b93645e9fea7318ecaed2b359559ac225c90a2b
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@0a5c61591373683505ea898e09a3ea4f39ef2b9c # @v2
       with:
-        python-version: '3.13'
+        python-version: '3.11'
     - name: Install System packages
       run: |
           sudo apt-get -y update
-          sudo apt-get -y install coreutils gfortran graphviz gnupg2
+          sudo apt-get -y install coreutils cvs gfortran graphviz gnupg2 mercurial ninja-build kcov
     - name: Install Python packages
       run: |
-          pip install --upgrade pip setuptools pytest coverage[toml] pytest-cov clingo
+          pip install --upgrade pip setuptools pytest coverage[toml] pytest-cov clingo pytest-xdist
           pip install --upgrade flake8 "isort>=4.3.5" "mypy>=0.900" "click" "black"
+    - name: Setup git configuration
+      run: |
+          # Need this for the git tests to succeed.
+          git --version
+          . .github/workflows/setup_git.sh
     - name: Run unit tests (full suite with coverage)
       env:
           COVERAGE: true
-          COVERAGE_FILE: coverage/.coverage-clingo-cffi
+          SPACK_TEST_SOLVER: clingo
       run: |
-        . share/spack/setup-env.sh
-        spack bootstrap disable spack-install
-        spack bootstrap disable github-actions-v0.5
-        spack bootstrap disable github-actions-v0.6
-        spack bootstrap status
-        spack solve zlib
-        spack unit-test --verbose --cov --cov-config=pyproject.toml --cov-report=xml:coverage.xml lib/spack/spack/test/concretization/core.py
-    - uses: actions/upload-artifact@6f51ac03b9356f520e9adb1b1b7802705f340c2b
+          share/spack/qa/run-unit-tests
+    - uses: codecov/codecov-action@eaaf4bedf32dbdc6b720b63067d99c4d77d6047d # @v2.1.0
       with:
-        name: coverage-clingo-cffi
-        path: coverage
-        include-hidden-files: true
+        flags: unittests,linux,clingo
   # Run unit tests on MacOS
   macos:
-    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+    runs-on: macos-latest
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        os: [macos-13, macos-14]
         python-version: ["3.11"]
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683
+    - uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # @v2
       with:
         fetch-depth: 0
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@0b93645e9fea7318ecaed2b359559ac225c90a2b
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@0a5c61591373683505ea898e09a3ea4f39ef2b9c # @v2
       with:
         python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
     - name: Install Python packages
@@ -209,52 +203,19 @@ jobs:
           pip install --upgrade pytest coverage[toml] pytest-xdist pytest-cov
     - name: Setup Homebrew packages
       run: |
-        brew install dash fish gcc gnupg kcov
+        brew install dash fish gcc gnupg2 kcov
     - name: Run unit tests
       env:
+        SPACK_TEST_SOLVER: clingo
         SPACK_TEST_PARALLEL: 4
-        COVERAGE_FILE: coverage/.coverage-${{ matrix.os }}-python${{ matrix.python-version }}
       run: |
         git --version
-        . .github/workflows/bin/setup_git.sh
+        . .github/workflows/setup_git.sh
         . share/spack/setup-env.sh
         $(which spack) bootstrap disable spack-install
         $(which spack) solve zlib
         common_args=(--dist loadfile --tx '4*popen//python=./bin/spack-tmpconfig python -u ./bin/spack python' -x)
         $(which spack) unit-test --verbose --cov --cov-config=pyproject.toml --cov-report=xml:coverage.xml "${common_args[@]}"
-    - uses: actions/upload-artifact@6f51ac03b9356f520e9adb1b1b7802705f340c2b
+    - uses: codecov/codecov-action@eaaf4bedf32dbdc6b720b63067d99c4d77d6047d
       with:
-        name: coverage-${{ matrix.os }}-python${{ matrix.python-version }}
-        path: coverage
-        include-hidden-files: true
-  # Run unit tests on Windows
-  windows:
-    defaults:
-      run:
-        shell:
-          powershell Invoke-Expression -Command "./share/spack/qa/windows_test_setup.ps1"; {0}
-    runs-on: windows-latest
-    steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683
-      with:
-        fetch-depth: 0
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@0b93645e9fea7318ecaed2b359559ac225c90a2b
-      with:
-        python-version: 3.9
-    - name: Install Python packages
-      run: |
-          python -m pip install --upgrade pip pywin32 setuptools pytest-cov clingo
-    - name: Create local develop
-      run: |
-        ./.github/workflows/bin/setup_git.ps1
-    - name: Unit Test
-      env:
-        COVERAGE_FILE: coverage/.coverage-windows
-      run: |
-        spack unit-test -x --verbose --cov --cov-config=pyproject.toml
-        ./share/spack/qa/validate_last_exit.ps1
-    - uses: actions/upload-artifact@6f51ac03b9356f520e9adb1b1b7802705f340c2b
-      with:
-        name: coverage-windows
-        path: coverage
-        include-hidden-files: true
+        flags: unittests,macos

.github/workflows/valid-style.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+name: style
+
+on:
+  workflow_call:
+    inputs:
+      with_coverage:
+        required: true
+        type: string
+
+concurrency:
+  group: style-${{github.ref}}-${{github.event.pull_request.number || github.run_number}}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+
+jobs:
+  # Validate that the code can be run on all the Python versions
+  # supported by Spack
+  validate:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@0a5c61591373683505ea898e09a3ea4f39ef2b9c
+      with:
+        python-version: '3.11'
+        cache: 'pip'
+    - name: Install Python Packages
+      run: |
+        pip install --upgrade pip setuptools
+        pip install -r .github/workflows/style/requirements.txt
+    - name: vermin (Spack's Core)
+      run: vermin --backport importlib --backport argparse --violations --backport typing -t=3.6- -vvv lib/spack/spack/ lib/spack/llnl/ bin/
+    - name: vermin (Repositories)
+      run: vermin --backport importlib --backport argparse --violations --backport typing -t=3.6- -vvv var/spack/repos
+  # Run style checks on the files that have been changed
+  style:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11
+      with:
+        fetch-depth: 0
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@0a5c61591373683505ea898e09a3ea4f39ef2b9c
+      with:
+        python-version: '3.11'
+        cache: 'pip'
+    - name: Install Python packages
+      run: |
+        pip install --upgrade pip setuptools
+        pip install -r .github/workflows/style/requirements.txt
+    - name: Setup git configuration
+      run: |
+        # Need this for the git tests to succeed.
+        git --version
+        . .github/workflows/setup_git.sh
+    - name: Run style tests
+      run: |
+          share/spack/qa/run-style-tests
+  audit:
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/audit.yaml
+    with:
+      with_coverage: ${{ inputs.with_coverage }}
+      python_version: '3.11'
+  # Check that spack can bootstrap the development environment on Python 3.6 - RHEL8
+  bootstrap-dev-rhel8:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    container: registry.access.redhat.com/ubi8/ubi
+    steps:
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: |
+          dnf install -y \
+              bzip2 curl file gcc-c++ gcc gcc-gfortran git gnupg2 gzip \
+              make patch tcl unzip which xz
+      - uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # @v2
+      - name: Setup repo and non-root user
+        run: |
+          git --version
+          git config --global --add safe.directory /__w/spack/spack
+          git fetch --unshallow
+          . .github/workflows/setup_git.sh
+          useradd spack-test
+          chown -R spack-test .
+      - name: Bootstrap Spack development environment
+        shell: runuser -u spack-test -- bash {0}
+        run: |
+          source share/spack/setup-env.sh
+          spack debug report
+          spack -d bootstrap now --dev
+          spack style -t black
+          spack unit-test -V

.github/workflows/windows_python.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+name: windows
+
+on:
+  workflow_call:
+
+concurrency:
+  group: windows-${{github.ref}}-${{github.event.pull_request.number || github.run_number}}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+defaults:
+  run:
+    shell:
+     powershell Invoke-Expression -Command "./share/spack/qa/windows_test_setup.ps1"; {0}
+jobs:
+  unit-tests:
+    runs-on: windows-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11
+      with:
+        fetch-depth: 0
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@0a5c61591373683505ea898e09a3ea4f39ef2b9c
+      with:
+        python-version: 3.9
+    - name: Install Python packages
+      run: |
+          python -m pip install --upgrade pip pywin32 setuptools pytest-cov clingo
+    - name: Create local develop
+      run: |
+        ./.github/workflows/setup_git.ps1
+    - name: Unit Test
+      run: |
+        spack unit-test -x --verbose --cov --cov-config=pyproject.toml --ignore=lib/spack/spack/test/cmd
+        ./share/spack/qa/validate_last_exit.ps1
+        coverage combine -a
+        coverage xml
+    - uses: codecov/codecov-action@eaaf4bedf32dbdc6b720b63067d99c4d77d6047d
+      with:
+        flags: unittests,windows
+  unit-tests-cmd:
+    runs-on: windows-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11
+      with:
+        fetch-depth: 0
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@0a5c61591373683505ea898e09a3ea4f39ef2b9c
+      with:
+        python-version: 3.9
+    - name: Install Python packages
+      run: |
+          python -m pip install --upgrade pip pywin32 setuptools coverage pytest-cov clingo
+    - name: Create local develop
+      run: |
+        ./.github/workflows/setup_git.ps1
+    - name: Command Unit Test
+      run: |
+        spack unit-test -x --verbose --cov --cov-config=pyproject.toml lib/spack/spack/test/cmd
+        ./share/spack/qa/validate_last_exit.ps1
+        coverage combine -a
+        coverage xml
+    - uses: codecov/codecov-action@eaaf4bedf32dbdc6b720b63067d99c4d77d6047d
+      with:
+        flags: unittests,windows
+  build-abseil:
+    runs-on: windows-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11
+      with:
+        fetch-depth: 0
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@0a5c61591373683505ea898e09a3ea4f39ef2b9c
+      with:
+        python-version: 3.9
+    - name: Install Python packages
+      run: |
+          python -m pip install --upgrade pip pywin32 setuptools coverage
+    - name: Build Test
+      run: |
+        spack compiler find
+        spack -d external find cmake ninja
+        spack -d install abseil-cpp

.gitignore

@@ -201,6 +201,7 @@ tramp
 
 # Org-mode
 .org-id-locations
+*_archive
 
 # flymake-mode
 *_flymake.*

.readthedocs.yml

@@ -14,26 +14,3 @@ sphinx:
 python:
   install:
     - requirements: lib/spack/docs/requirements.txt
-
-search:
-  ranking:
-    spack.html: -10
-    spack.*.html: -10
-    llnl.html: -10
-    llnl.*.html: -10
-    _modules/*: -10
-    command_index.html: -9
-    basic_usage.html: 5
-    configuration.html: 5
-    config_yaml.html: 5
-    packages_yaml.html: 5
-    build_settings.html: 5
-    environments.html: 5
-    containers.html: 5
-    mirrors.html: 5
-    module_file_support.html: 5
-    repositories.html: 5
-    binary_caches.html: 5
-    chain.html: 5
-    pipelines.html: 5
-    packaging_guide.html: 5

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,440 +1,3 @@
-# v0.22.2 (2024-09-21)
-
-## Bugfixes
-- Forward compatibility with Spack 0.23 packages with language dependencies (#45205, #45191)
-- Forward compatibility with `urllib` from Python 3.12.6+ (#46453, #46483)
-- Bump vendored `archspec` for better aarch64 support (#45721, #46445)
-- Support macOS Sequoia (#45018, #45127)
-- Fix regression in `{variants.X}` and `{variants.X.value}` format strings (#46206)
-- Ensure shell escaping of environment variable values in load and activate commands (#42780)
-- Fix an issue where `spec[pkg]` considers specs outside the current DAG (#45090)
-- Do not halt concretization on unknown variants in externals (#45326)
-- Improve validation of `develop` config section (#46485)
-- Explicitly disable `ccache` if turned off in config, to avoid cache pollution (#45275)
-- Improve backwards compatibility in `include_concrete` (#45766)
-- Fix issue where package tags were sometimes repeated (#45160)
-- Make `setup-env.sh` "sourced only" by dropping execution bits (#45641)
-- Make certain source/binary fetch errors recoverable instead of a hard error (#45683)
-- Remove debug statements in package hash computation (#45235)
-- Remove redundant clingo warnings (#45269)
-- Remove hard-coded layout version (#45645)
-- Do not initialize previous store state in `use_store` (#45268)
-- Docs improvements (#46475)
-
-## Package updates
-- `chapel` major update (#42197, #44931, #45304)
-
-# v0.22.1 (2024-07-04)
-
-## Bugfixes
-- Fix reuse of externals on Linux (#44316)
-- Ensure parent gcc-runtime version >= child (#44834, #44870)
-- Ensure the latest gcc-runtime is rpath'ed when multiple exist among link deps (#44219)
-- Improve version detection of glibc (#44154)
-- Improve heuristics for solver (#44893, #44976, #45023)
-- Make strong preferences override reuse (#44373)
-- Reduce verbosity when C compiler is missing (#44182)
-- Make missing ccache executable an error when required (#44740)
-- Make every environment view containing `python` a `venv` (#44382)
-- Fix external detection for compilers with os but no target (#44156)
-- Fix version optimization for roots (#44272)
-- Handle common implementations of pagination of tags in OCI build caches (#43136)
-- Apply fetched patches to develop specs (#44950)
-- Avoid Windows wrappers for filesystem utilities on non-Windows (#44126)
-- Fix issue with long filenames in build caches on Windows (#43851)
-- Fix formatting issue in `spack audit` (#45045)
-- CI fixes (#44582, #43965, #43967, #44279, #44213)
-
-## Package updates
-- protobuf: fix 3.4:3.21 patch checksum (#44443)
-- protobuf: update hash for patch needed when="@3.4:3.21" (#44210)
-- git: bump v2.39 to 2.45; deprecate unsafe versions (#44248)
-- gcc: use -rpath {rpath_dir} not -rpath={rpath dir} (#44315)
-- Remove mesa18 and libosmesa (#44264)
-- Enforce consistency of `gl` providers (#44307)
-- Require libiconv for iconv (#44335, #45026).
-  Notice that glibc/musl also provide iconv, but are not guaranteed to be
-  complete. Set `packages:iconv:require:[glibc]` to restore the old behavior.
-- py-matplotlib: qualify when to do a post install (#44191)
-- rust: fix v1.78.0 instructions (#44127)
-- suite-sparse: improve setting of the `libs` property (#44214)
-- netlib-lapack: provide blas and lapack together (#44981)
-
-# v0.22.0 (2024-05-12)
-
-`v0.22.0` is a major feature release.
-
-## Features in this release
-
-1. **Compiler dependencies**
-
-    We are in the process of making compilers proper dependencies in Spack, and a number
-    of changes in `v0.22` support that effort. You may notice nodes in your dependency
-    graphs for compiler runtime libraries like `gcc-runtime` or `libgfortran`, and you
-    may notice that Spack graphs now include `libc`. We've also begun moving compiler
-    configuration from `compilers.yaml` to `packages.yaml` to make it consistent with
-    other externals. We are trying to do this with the least disruption possible, so
-    your existing `compilers.yaml` files should still work. We expect to be done with
-    this transition by the `v0.23` release in November.
-
-    * #41104: Packages compiled with `%gcc` on Linux, macOS and FreeBSD now depend on a
-      new package `gcc-runtime`, which contains a copy of the shared compiler runtime
-      libraries. This enables gcc runtime libraries to be installed and relocated when
-      using a build cache. When building minimal Spack-generated container images it is
-      no longer necessary to install libgfortran, libgomp etc. using the system package
-      manager.
-
-    * #42062: Packages compiled with `%oneapi` now depend on a new package
-      `intel-oneapi-runtime`. This is similar to `gcc-runtime`, and the runtimes can
-      provide virtuals and compilers can inject dependencies on virtuals into compiled
-      packages. This allows us to model library soname compatibility and allows
-      compilers like `%oneapi` to provide virtuals like `sycl` (which can also be
-      provided by standalone libraries). Note that until we have an agreement in place
-      with intel, Intel packages are marked `redistribute(source=False, binary=False)`
-      and must be downloaded outside of Spack.
-
-    * #43272: changes to the optimization criteria of the solver improve the hit-rate of
-      buildcaches by a fair amount. The solver more relaxed compatibility rules and will
-      not try to strictly match compilers or targets of reused specs. Users can still
-      enforce the previous strict behavior with `require:` sections in `packages.yaml`.
-      Note that to enforce correct linking, Spack will *not* reuse old `%gcc` and
-      `%oneapi` specs that do not have the runtime libraries as a dependency.
-
-    * #43539: Spack will reuse specs built with compilers that are *not* explicitly
-      configured in `compilers.yaml`. Because we can now keep runtime libraries in build
-      cache, we do not require you to also have a local configured compiler to *use* the
-      runtime libraries. This improves reuse in buildcaches and avoids conflicts with OS
-      updates that happen underneath Spack.
-
-    * #43190: binary compatibility on `linux` is now based on the `libc` version,
-      instead of on the `os` tag. Spack builds now detect the host `libc` (`glibc` or
-      `musl`) and add it as an implicit external node in the dependency graph. Binaries
-      with a `libc` with the same name and a version less than or equal to that of the
-      detected `libc` can be reused. This is only on `linux`, not `macos` or `Windows`.
-
-    * #43464: each package that can provide a compiler is now detectable using `spack
-      external find`. External packages defining compiler paths are effectively used as
-      compilers, and `spack external find -t compiler` can be used as a substitute for
-      `spack compiler find`. More details on this transition are in
-      [the docs](https://spack.readthedocs.io/en/latest/getting_started.html#manual-compiler-configuration)
-
-2. **Improved `spack find` UI for Environments**
-
-   If you're working in an enviroment, you likely care about:
-
-   * What are the roots
-   * Which ones are installed / not installed
-   * What's been added that still needs to be concretized
-
-    We've tweaked `spack find` in environments to show this information much more
-    clearly. Installation status is shown next to each root, so you can see what is
-    installed. Roots are also shown in bold in the list of installed packages. There is
-    also a new option for `spack find -r` / `--only-roots` that will only show env
-    roots, if you don't want to look at all the installed specs.
-
-    More details in #42334.
-
-3. **Improved command-line string quoting**
-
-   We are making some breaking changes to how Spack parses specs on the CLI in order to
-   respect shell quoting instead of trying to fight it. If you (sadly) had to write
-   something like this on the command line:
-
-    ```
-    spack install zlib cflags=\"-O2 -g\"
-    ```
-
-    That will now result in an error, but you can now write what you probably expected
-    to work in the first place:
-
-    ```
-    spack install zlib cflags="-O2 -g"
-    ```
-
-    Quoted can also now include special characters, so you can supply flags like:
-
-    ```
-    spack intall zlib ldflags='-Wl,-rpath=$ORIGIN/_libs'
-    ```
-
-    To reduce ambiguity in parsing, we now require that you *not* put spaces around `=`
-    and `==` when for flags or variants. This would not have broken before but will now
-    result in an error:
-
-    ```
-    spack install zlib cflags = "-O2 -g"
-    ```
-
-    More details and discussion in #30634.
-
-4. **Revert default `spack install` behavior to `--reuse`**
-
-   We changed the default concretizer behavior from `--reuse` to `--reuse-deps` in
-   #30990 (in `v0.20`), which meant that *every* `spack install` invocation would
-   attempt to build a new version of the requested package / any environment roots.
-   While this is a common ask for *upgrading* and for *developer* workflows, we don't
-   think it should be the default for a package manager.
-
-   We are going to try to stick to this policy:
-   1. Prioritize reuse and build as little as possible by default.
-   2. Only upgrade or install duplicates if they are explicitly asked for, or if there
-      is a known security issue that necessitates an upgrade.
-
-   With the install command you now have three options:
-
-   * `--reuse` (default): reuse as many existing installations as possible.
-   * `--reuse-deps` / `--fresh-roots`: upgrade (freshen) roots but reuse dependencies if possible.
-   * `--fresh`: install fresh versions of requested packages (roots) and their dependencies.
-
-   We've also introduced `--fresh-roots` as an alias for `--reuse-deps` to make it more clear
-   that it may give you fresh versions. More details in #41302 and #43988.
-
-5. **More control over reused specs**
-
-   You can now control which packages to reuse and how. There is a new
-   `concretizer:reuse` config option, which accepts the following properties:
-
-   - `roots`: `true` to reuse roots, `false` to reuse just dependencies
-   - `exclude`: list of constraints used to select which specs *not* to reuse
-   - `include`: list of constraints used to select which specs *to* reuse
-   - `from`: list of sources for reused specs (some combination of `local`,
-     `buildcache`, or `external`)
-
-   For example, to reuse only specs compiled with GCC, you could write:
-
-   ```yaml
-   concretizer:
-      reuse:
-        roots: true
-        include:
-        - "%gcc"
-   ```
-
-   Or, if `openmpi` must be used from externals, and it must be the only external used:
-
-   ```yaml
-   concretizer:
-     reuse:
-       roots: true
-       from:
-       - type: local
-         exclude: ["openmpi"]
-       - type: buildcache
-         exclude: ["openmpi"]
-       - type: external
-         include: ["openmpi"]
-   ```
-
-6. **New `redistribute()` directive**
-
-   Some packages can't be redistributed in source or binary form. We need an explicit
-   way to say that in a package.
-
-   Now there is a `redistribute()` directive so that package authors can write:
-
-   ```python
-   class MyPackage(Package):
-       redistribute(source=False, binary=False)
-   ```
-
-   Like other directives, this works with `when=`:
-
-   ```python
-   class MyPackage(Package):
-       # 12.0 and higher are proprietary
-       redistribute(source=False, binary=False, when="@12.0:")
-
-       # can't redistribute when we depend on some proprietary dependency
-       redistribute(source=False, binary=False, when="^proprietary-dependency")
-   ```
-
-    More in #20185.
-
-7. **New `conflict:` and `prefer:` syntax for package preferences**
-
-   Previously, you could express conflicts and preferences in `packages.yaml` through
-   some contortions with `require:`:
-
-    ```yaml
-    packages:
-      zlib-ng:
-        require:
-        - one_of: ["%clang", "@:"]   # conflict on %clang
-        - any_of: ["+shared", "@:"]  # strong preference for +shared
-    ```
-
-    You can now use `require:` and `prefer:` for a much more readable configuration:
-
-    ```yaml
-    packages:
-      zlib-ng:
-        conflict:
-        - "%clang"
-        prefer:
-        - "+shared"
-    ```
-
-    See [the documentation](https://spack.readthedocs.io/en/latest/packages_yaml.html#conflicts-and-strong-preferences)
-    and #41832 for more details.
-
-8. **`include_concrete` in environments**
-
-   You may want to build on the *concrete* contents of another environment without
-   changing that environment.  You can now include the concrete specs from another
-   environment's `spack.lock` with `include_concrete`:
-
-   ```yaml
-      spack:
-        specs: []
-        concretizer:
-            unify: true
-        include_concrete:
-        - /path/to/environment1
-        - /path/to/environment2
-   ```
-
-   Now, when *this* environment is concretized, it will bring in the already concrete
-   specs from `environment1` and `environment2`, and build on top of them without
-   changing them. This is useful if you have phased deployments, where old deployments
-   should not be modified but you want to use as many of them as possible. More details
-   in #33768.
-
-9. **`python-venv` isolation**
-
-   Spack has unique requirements for Python because it:
-    1. installs every package in its own independent directory, and
-    2. allows users to register *external* python installations.
-
-   External installations may contain their own installed packages that can interfere
-   with Spack installations, and some distributions (Debian and Ubuntu) even change the
-   `sysconfig` in ways that alter the installation layout of installed Python packages
-   (e.g., with the addition of a `/local` prefix on Debian or Ubuntu). To isolate Spack
-   from these and other issues, we now insert a small `python-venv` package in between
-   `python` and packages that need to install Python code. This isolates Spack's build
-   environment, isolates Spack from any issues with an external python, and resolves a
-   large number of issues we've had with Python installations.
-
-   See #40773 for further details.
-
-## New commands, options, and directives
-
-* Allow packages to be pushed to build cache after install from source (#42423)
-* `spack develop`: stage build artifacts in same root as non-dev builds #41373
-  * Don't delete `spack develop` build artifacts after install (#43424)
-* `spack find`: add options for local/upstream only (#42999)
-* `spack logs`: print log files for packages (either partially built or installed) (#42202)
-* `patch`: support reversing patches (#43040)
-* `develop`: Add -b/--build-directory option to set build_directory package attribute (#39606)
-* `spack list`: add `--namesapce` / `--repo` option (#41948)
-* directives: add `checked_by` field to `license()`, add some license checks
-* `spack gc`: add options for environments and build dependencies (#41731)
-* Add `--create` to `spack env activate` (#40896)
-
-## Performance improvements
-
-* environment.py: fix excessive re-reads (#43746)
-* ruamel yaml: fix quadratic complexity bug  (#43745)
-* Refactor to improve `spec format` speed (#43712)
-* Do not acquire a write lock on the env post install if no views (#43505)
-* asp.py: fewer calls to `spec.copy()` (#43715)
-* spec.py: early return in `__str__`
-* avoid `jinja2` import at startup unless needed (#43237)
-
-## Other new features of note
-
-* `archspec`: update to `v0.2.4`: support for Windows, bugfixes for `neoverse-v1` and
-  `neoverse-v2` detection.
-* `spack config get`/`blame`: with no args, show entire config
-* `spack env create <env>`: dir if dir-like (#44024)
-* ASP-based solver: update os compatibility for macOS (#43862)
-* Add handling of custom ssl certs in urllib ops (#42953)
-* Add ability to rename environments (#43296)
-* Add config option and compiler support to reuse across OS's (#42693)
-* Support for prereleases (#43140)
-* Only reuse externals when configured (#41707)
-* Environments: Add support for including views (#42250)
-
-## Binary caches
-* Build cache: make signed/unsigned a mirror property (#41507)
-* tools stack
-
-## Removals, deprecations, and syntax changes
-* remove `dpcpp` compiler and package (#43418)
-* spack load: remove --only argument (#42120)
-
-## Notable Bugfixes
-* repo.py: drop deleted packages from provider cache (#43779)
-* Allow `+` in module file names (#41999)
-* `cmd/python`: use runpy to allow multiprocessing in scripts (#41789)
-* Show extension commands with spack -h (#41726)
-* Support environment variable expansion inside module projections (#42917)
-* Alert user to failed concretizations (#42655)
-* shell: fix zsh color formatting for PS1 in environments (#39497)
-* spack mirror create --all: include patches (#41579)
-
-## Spack community stats
-
-* 7,994 total packages; 525 since `v0.21.0`
-    * 178 new Python packages, 5 new R packages
-* 358 people contributed to this release
-    * 344 committers to packages
-    * 45 committers to core
-
-# v0.21.3 (2024-10-02)
-
-## Bugfixes
-- Forward compatibility with Spack 0.23 packages with language dependencies (#45205, #45191)
-- Forward compatibility with `urllib` from Python 3.12.6+ (#46453, #46483)
-- Bump `archspec` to 0.2.5-dev for better aarch64 and Windows support (#42854, #44005,
-  #45721, #46445)
-- Support macOS Sequoia (#45018, #45127, #43862)
-- CI and test maintenance (#42909, #42728, #46711, #41943, #43363)
-
-# v0.21.2 (2024-03-01)
-
-## Bugfixes
-
-- Containerize: accommodate nested or pre-existing spack-env paths (#41558)
-- Fix setup-env script, when going back and forth between instances (#40924)
-- Fix using fully-qualified namespaces from root specs (#41957)
-- Fix a bug when a required provider is requested for multiple virtuals (#42088)
-- OCI buildcaches:
-  - only push in parallel when forking (#42143)
-  - use pickleable errors (#42160)
-- Fix using sticky variants in externals (#42253)
-- Fix a rare issue with conditional requirements and multi-valued variants (#42566)
-
-## Package updates
-- rust: add v1.75, rework a few variants (#41161,#41903)
-- py-transformers: add v4.35.2 (#41266)
-- mgard: fix OpenMP on AppleClang (#42933)
-
-# v0.21.1 (2024-01-11)
-
-## New features
-- Add support for reading buildcaches created by Spack v0.22 (#41773)
-
-## Bugfixes
-
-- spack graph: fix coloring with environments (#41240)
-- spack info: sort variants in --variants-by-name (#41389)
-- Spec.format: error on old style format strings (#41934)
-- ASP-based solver: 
-  - fix infinite recursion when computing concretization errors (#41061)
-  - don't error for type mismatch on preferences (#41138)
-  - don't emit spurious debug output (#41218)
-- Improve the error message for deprecated preferences (#41075)
-- Fix MSVC preview version breaking clingo build on Windows (#41185)
-- Fix multi-word aliases (#41126)
-- Add a warning for unconfigured compiler (#41213)
-- environment: fix an issue with deconcretization/reconcretization of specs (#41294)
-- buildcache: don't error if a patch is missing, when installing from binaries (#41986)
-- Multiple improvements to unit-tests (#41215,#41369,#41495,#41359,#41361,#41345,#41342,#41308,#41226)
-
-## Package updates
-- root: add a webgui patch to address security issue (#41404)
-- BerkeleyGW: update source urls (#38218)
-
 # v0.21.0 (2023-11-11)
 
 `v0.21.0` is a major feature release.

CITATION.cff

@@ -31,17 +31,13 @@ type: software
 message: "If you are referencing Spack in a publication, please cite the paper below."
 title: "The Spack Package Manager: Bringing Order to HPC Software Chaos"
 abstract: >-
-  Large HPC centers spend considerable time supporting software for thousands of users, but the
-  complexity of HPC software is quickly outpacing the capabilities of existing software management
-  tools. Scientific applications require specific versions of compilers, MPI, and other dependency
-  libraries, so using a single, standard software stack is infeasible. However, managing many
-  configurations is difficult because the configuration space is combinatorial in size. We
-  introduce Spack, a tool used at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory to manage this complexity.
-  Spack provides a novel, re- cursive specification syntax to invoke parametric builds of packages
-  and dependencies. It allows any number of builds to coexist on the same system, and it ensures
-  that installed packages can find their dependencies, regardless of the environment. We show
-  through real-world use cases that Spack supports diverse and demanding applications, bringing
-  order to HPC software chaos.
+  Large HPC centers spend considerable time supporting software for thousands of users, but the complexity of HPC software is quickly outpacing the capabilities of existing software management tools.
+  Scientific applications require specific versions of compilers, MPI, and other dependency libraries, so using a single, standard software stack is infeasible.
+  However, managing many configurations is difficult because the configuration space is combinatorial in size.
+  We introduce Spack, a tool used at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory to manage this complexity.
+  Spack provides a novel, re- cursive specification syntax to invoke parametric builds of packages and dependencies.
+  It allows any number of builds to coexist on the same system, and it ensures that installed packages can find their dependencies, regardless of the environment.
+  We show through real-world use cases that Spack supports diverse and demanding applications, bringing order to HPC software chaos.
 preferred-citation:
   title: "The Spack Package Manager: Bringing Order to HPC Software Chaos"
   type: conference-paper
@@ -75,7 +71,7 @@ preferred-citation:
       type: doi
       value: 10.1145/2807591.2807623
     - description: "The DOE Document Release Number of the work"
-      type: other
+      type: other 
       value: "LLNL-CONF-669890"
 authors:
   - family-names: "Gamblin"

COPYRIGHT

@@ -8,9 +8,8 @@ or http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0) or the MIT license,
 Copyrights and patents in the Spack project are retained by contributors.
 No copyright assignment is required to contribute to Spack.
 
-Spack was originally developed in 2013 by Lawrence Livermore National
-Security, LLC. It was originally distributed under the LGPL-2.1 license.
-Consent from contributors to relicense to Apache-2.0/MIT is documented at
+Spack was originally distributed under the LGPL-2.1 license. Consent from
+contributors to relicense to Apache-2.0/MIT is documented at
 https://github.com/spack/spack/issues/9137.
 
 
@@ -103,6 +102,6 @@ PackageName: sbang
 PackageHomePage: https://github.com/spack/sbang
 PackageLicenseDeclared: Apache-2.0 OR MIT
 
-PackageName: typing_extensions
-PackageHomePage: https://pypi.org/project/typing-extensions/
-PackageLicenseDeclared: Python-2.0
+PackageName: six
+PackageHomePage: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/six
+PackageLicenseDeclared: MIT

LICENSE-MIT

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 MIT License
 
-Copyright (c) Spack Project Developers.
+Copyright (c) 2013-2023 LLNS, LLC and other Spack Project Developers.
 
 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal

README.md

@@ -1,38 +1,17 @@
-<div align="left">
+# <img src="https://cdn.rawgit.com/spack/spack/develop/share/spack/logo/spack-logo.svg" width="64" valign="middle" alt="Spack"/> Spack
 
-<h2>
-<picture>
-  <source media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" srcset="https://cdn.rawgit.com/spack/spack/develop/share/spack/logo/spack-logo-white-text.svg" width="250">
-  <source media="(prefers-color-scheme: light)" srcset="https://cdn.rawgit.com/spack/spack/develop/share/spack/logo/spack-logo-text.svg" width="250">
-  <img alt="Spack" src="https://cdn.rawgit.com/spack/spack/develop/share/spack/logo/spack-logo-text.svg" width="250">
-</picture>
-
-<br>
-<br clear="all">
-
-<a href="https://github.com/spack/spack/actions/workflows/ci.yml"><img src="https://github.com/spack/spack/workflows/ci/badge.svg" alt="CI Status"></a>
-<a href="https://github.com/spack/spack/actions/workflows/bootstrapping.yml"><img src="https://github.com/spack/spack/actions/workflows/bootstrap.yml/badge.svg" alt="Bootstrap Status"></a>
-<a href="https://github.com/spack/spack/actions/workflows/build-containers.yml"><img src="https://github.com/spack/spack/actions/workflows/build-containers.yml/badge.svg" alt="Containers Status"></a>
-<a href="https://spack.readthedocs.io"><img src="https://readthedocs.org/projects/spack/badge/?version=latest" alt="Documentation Status"></a>
-<a href="https://codecov.io/gh/spack/spack"><img src="https://codecov.io/gh/spack/spack/branch/develop/graph/badge.svg" alt="Code coverage"/></a>
-<a href="https://slack.spack.io"><img src="https://slack.spack.io/badge.svg" alt="Slack"/></a>
-<a href="https://matrix.to/#/#spack-space:matrix.org"><img src="https://img.shields.io/matrix/spack-space%3Amatrix.org?label=matrix" alt="Matrix"/></a>
-
-</h2>
-
-**[Getting Started] &nbsp; • &nbsp; [Config] &nbsp; • &nbsp; [Community] &nbsp; • &nbsp; [Contributing] &nbsp; • &nbsp; [Packaging Guide]**
-
-[Getting Started]: https://spack.readthedocs.io/en/latest/getting_started.html
-[Config]: https://spack.readthedocs.io/en/latest/configuration.html
-[Community]: #community
-[Contributing]: https://spack.readthedocs.io/en/latest/contribution_guide.html
-[Packaging Guide]: https://spack.readthedocs.io/en/latest/packaging_guide.html
-
-</div>
+[![Unit Tests](https://github.com/spack/spack/workflows/linux%20tests/badge.svg)](https://github.com/spack/spack/actions)
+[![Bootstrapping](https://github.com/spack/spack/actions/workflows/bootstrap.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/spack/spack/actions/workflows/bootstrap.yml)
+[![codecov](https://codecov.io/gh/spack/spack/branch/develop/graph/badge.svg)](https://codecov.io/gh/spack/spack)
+[![Containers](https://github.com/spack/spack/actions/workflows/build-containers.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/spack/spack/actions/workflows/build-containers.yml)
+[![Read the Docs](https://readthedocs.org/projects/spack/badge/?version=latest)](https://spack.readthedocs.io)
+[![Code style: black](https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-black-000000.svg)](https://github.com/psf/black)
+[![Slack](https://slack.spack.io/badge.svg)](https://slack.spack.io)
+[![Matrix](https://img.shields.io/matrix/spack-space%3Amatrix.org?label=Matrix)](https://matrix.to/#/#spack-space:matrix.org)
 
 Spack is a multi-platform package manager that builds and installs
 multiple versions and configurations of software. It works on Linux,
-macOS, Windows, and many supercomputers. Spack is non-destructive: installing a
+macOS, and many supercomputers. Spack is non-destructive: installing a
 new version of a package does not break existing installations, so many
 configurations of the same package can coexist.
 
@@ -46,41 +25,12 @@ See the
 [Feature Overview](https://spack.readthedocs.io/en/latest/features.html)
 for examples and highlights.
 
-Installation
-----------------
-
-To install spack, first make sure you have Python & Git.
+To install spack and your first package, make sure you have Python.
 Then:
 
-```bash
-git clone -c feature.manyFiles=true --depth=2 https://github.com/spack/spack.git
-```
-
-<details>
-<summary>What are <code>manyFiles=true</code> and <code>--depth=2</code>?</summary>
-<br>
-
-> `-c feature.manyFiles=true` improves git's performance on repositories with 1,000+ files.
->
-> `--depth=2` prunes the git history to reduce the size of the Spack installation.
-
-</details>
-
-```bash
-# For bash/zsh/sh
-. spack/share/spack/setup-env.sh
-
-# For tcsh/csh
-source spack/share/spack/setup-env.csh
-
-# For fish
-. spack/share/spack/setup-env.fish
-```
-
-```bash
-# Now you're ready to install a package!
-spack install zlib-ng
-```
+    $ git clone -c feature.manyFiles=true https://github.com/spack/spack.git
+    $ cd spack/bin
+    $ ./spack install zlib
 
 Documentation
 ----------------
@@ -94,7 +44,7 @@ Tutorial
 ----------------
 
 We maintain a
-[**hands-on tutorial**](https://spack-tutorial.readthedocs.io/).
+[**hands-on tutorial**](https://spack.readthedocs.io/en/latest/tutorial.html).
 It covers basic to advanced usage, packaging, developer features, and large HPC
 deployments.  You can do all of the exercises on your own laptop using a
 Docker container.
@@ -117,7 +67,7 @@ Resources:
   [bridged](https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-appservice-slack#matrix-appservice-slack) to Slack.
 * [**Github Discussions**](https://github.com/spack/spack/discussions):
   for Q&A and discussions. Note the pinned discussions for announcements.
-* **X**: [@spackpm](https://twitter.com/spackpm). Be sure to
+* **Twitter**: [@spackpm](https://twitter.com/spackpm). Be sure to
   `@mention` us!
 * **Mailing list**: [groups.google.com/d/forum/spack](https://groups.google.com/d/forum/spack):
   only for announcements. Please use other venues for discussions.

bin/haspywin.py

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-# Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+# Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+# Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 #
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 import subprocess

bin/sbang

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright sbang project developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+# Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+# sbang project developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 #
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 

bin/spack

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 # -*- python -*-
 #
-# Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+# Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+# Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 #
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 
@@ -25,6 +26,7 @@ exit 1
 # The code above runs this file with our preferred python interpreter.
 
 import os
+import os.path
 import sys
 
 min_python3 = (3, 6)

bin/spack-python

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+# Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+# Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 #
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 
@@ -21,4 +22,4 @@
 #
 # This is compatible across platforms.
 #
-exec spack python "$@"
+exec /usr/bin/env spack python "$@"

bin/spack.bat

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-:: Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+:: Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+:: Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 ::
 :: SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 ::#######################################################################
@@ -187,27 +188,25 @@ if NOT "%_sp_args%"=="%_sp_args:--help=%" (
 goto :end_switch
 
 :case_load
-if NOT defined _sp_args (
-   exit /B 0
-)
-
-:: If args contain --bat, or -h/--help: just execute.
-if NOT "%_sp_args%"=="%_sp_args:--help=%" (
-    goto :default_case
-) else if NOT "%_sp_args%"=="%_sp_args:-h=%" (
-    goto :default_case
-) else if NOT "%_sp_args%"=="%_sp_args:--bat=%" (
-    goto :default_case
-) else if NOT "%_sp_args%"=="%_sp_args:--list=%" (
-    goto :default_case
+:: If args contain --sh, --csh, or -h/--help: just execute.
+if defined _sp_args (
+    if NOT "%_sp_args%"=="%_sp_args:--help=%" (
+        goto :default_case
+    ) else if NOT "%_sp_args%"=="%_sp_args:-h=%" (
+        goto :default_case
+    ) else if NOT "%_sp_args%"=="%_sp_args:--bat=%" (
+        goto :default_case
+    )
 )
 
 for /f "tokens=* USEBACKQ" %%I in (
-    `python "%spack%" %_sp_flags% %_sp_subcommand% --bat %_sp_args%`
-    ) do %%I
+    `python "%spack%" %_sp_flags% %_sp_subcommand% --bat %_sp_args%`) do %%I
 
 goto :end_switch
 
+:case_unload
+goto :case_load
+
 :default_case
 python "%spack%" %_sp_flags% %_sp_subcommand% %_sp_args%
 goto :end_switch

bin/spack.ps1

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-#  Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+#  Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+#  Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
 #  SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 # #######################################################################
@@ -143,5 +144,3 @@ switch($SpackSubCommand)
     "unload" {Invoke-SpackLoad}
     default  {python "$Env:SPACK_ROOT/bin/spack" $SpackCMD_params $SpackSubCommand $SpackSubCommandArgs}
 }
-
-exit $LASTEXITCODE

bin/spack_cmd.bat

@@ -1,11 +1,71 @@
 @ECHO OFF
+setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion
 :: (c) 2021 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
 :: To use this file independently of Spack's installer, execute this script in its directory, or add the
 :: associated bin directory to your PATH. Invoke to launch Spack Shell.
 ::
 :: source_dir/spack/bin/spack_cmd.bat
 ::
+pushd %~dp0..
+set SPACK_ROOT=%CD%
+pushd %CD%\..
+set spackinstdir=%CD%
+popd
 
-call "%~dp0..\share\spack\setup-env.bat"
-pushd %SPACK_ROOT%
-%comspec% /K
+
+:: Check if Python is on the PATH
+if not defined python_pf_ver (
+(for /f "delims=" %%F in ('where python.exe') do (
+                                                    set "python_pf_ver=%%F"
+                                                    goto :found_python
+                                                  ) ) 2> NUL
+)
+:found_python
+if not defined python_pf_ver (
+    :: If not, look for Python from the Spack installer
+    :get_builtin
+    (for /f "tokens=*" %%g in ('dir /b /a:d "!spackinstdir!\Python*"') do (
+        set "python_ver=%%g")) 2> NUL
+
+    if not defined python_ver (
+        echo Python was not found on your system.
+        echo Please install Python or add Python to your PATH.
+    ) else (
+        set "py_path=!spackinstdir!\!python_ver!"
+        set "py_exe=!py_path!\python.exe"
+    )
+    goto :exitpoint
+) else (
+    :: Python is already on the path
+    set "py_exe=!python_pf_ver!"
+    (for /F "tokens=* USEBACKQ" %%F in (
+        `"!py_exe!" --version`) do (set "output=%%F")) 2>NUL
+    if not "!output:Microsoft Store=!"=="!output!" goto :get_builtin
+    goto :exitpoint
+)
+:exitpoint
+
+set "PATH=%SPACK_ROOT%\bin\;%PATH%"
+if defined py_path (
+    set "PATH=%py_path%;%PATH%"
+)
+
+if defined py_exe (
+    "%py_exe%" "%SPACK_ROOT%\bin\haspywin.py"
+)
+
+set "EDITOR=notepad"
+
+DOSKEY spacktivate=spack env activate $*
+
+@echo **********************************************************************
+@echo ** Spack Package Manager
+@echo **********************************************************************
+
+IF "%1"=="" GOTO CONTINUE
+set
+GOTO:EOF
+
+:continue
+set PROMPT=[spack] %PROMPT%
+%comspec% /k

bin/spack_pwsh.ps1

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-# Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+# Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+# Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 #
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 

etc/spack/defaults/bootstrap.yaml

@@ -9,15 +9,15 @@ bootstrap:
   # may not be able to bootstrap all the software that Spack needs,
   # depending on its type.
   sources:
-  - name: github-actions-v0.6
-    metadata: $spack/share/spack/bootstrap/github-actions-v0.6
-  - name: github-actions-v0.5
+  - name: 'github-actions-v0.5'
     metadata: $spack/share/spack/bootstrap/github-actions-v0.5
-  - name: spack-install
+  - name: 'github-actions-v0.4'
+    metadata: $spack/share/spack/bootstrap/github-actions-v0.4
+  - name: 'spack-install'
     metadata: $spack/share/spack/bootstrap/spack-install
   trusted:
     # By default we trust bootstrapping from sources and from binaries
     # produced on Github via the workflow
-    github-actions-v0.6: true
     github-actions-v0.5: true
+    github-actions-v0.4: true
     spack-install: true

etc/spack/defaults/concretizer.yaml

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ concretizer:
   # as possible, rather than building. If `false`, we'll always give you a fresh
   # concretization. If `dependencies`, we'll only reuse dependencies but
   # give you a fresh concretization for your root specs.
-  reuse: true
+  reuse: dependencies
   # Options that tune which targets are considered for concretization. The
   # concretization process is very sensitive to the number targets, and the time
   # needed to reach a solution increases noticeably with the number of targets
@@ -39,53 +39,6 @@ concretizer:
   # Option to deal with possible duplicate nodes (i.e. different nodes from the same package) in the DAG.
   duplicates:
     # "none": allows a single node for any package in the DAG.
-    # "minimal": allows the duplication of 'build-tools' nodes only
-    # (e.g. py-setuptools, cmake etc.)
+    # "minimal": allows the duplication of 'build-tools' nodes only (e.g. py-setuptools, cmake etc.)
     # "full" (experimental): allows separation of the entire build-tool stack (e.g. the entire "cmake" subDAG)
     strategy: minimal
-    # Maximum number of duplicates in a DAG, when using a strategy that allows duplicates. "default" is the
-    # number used if there isn't a more specific alternative
-    max_dupes:
-      default: 1
-      # Virtuals
-      c: 2
-      cxx: 2
-      fortran: 1
-      # Regular packages
-      cmake: 2
-      gmake: 2
-      python: 2
-      python-venv: 2
-      py-cython: 2
-      py-flit-core: 2
-      py-pip: 2
-      py-setuptools: 2
-      py-wheel: 2
-      xcb-proto: 2
-      # Compilers
-      gcc: 2
-      llvm: 2
-  # Option to specify compatibility between operating systems for reuse of compilers and packages
-  # Specified as a key: [list] where the key is the os that is being targeted, and the list contains the OS's
-  # it can reuse. Note this is a directional compatibility so mutual compatibility between two OS's
-  # requires two entries i.e. os_compatible: {sonoma: [monterey], monterey: [sonoma]}
-  os_compatible: {}
-
-  # Option to specify whether to support splicing. Splicing allows for
-  # the relinking of concrete package dependencies in order to better
-  # reuse already built packages with ABI compatible dependencies
-  splice:
-    explicit: []
-    automatic: false
-  # Maximum time, in seconds, allowed for the 'solve' phase. If set to 0, there is no time limit.
-  timeout: 0
-  # If set to true, exceeding the timeout will always result in a concretization error. If false,
-  # the best (suboptimal) model computed before the timeout is used.
-  #
-  # Setting this to false yields unreproducible results, so we advise to use that value only
-  # for debugging purposes (e.g. check which constraints can help Spack concretize faster).
-  error_on_timeout: true
-
-  # Static analysis may reduce the concretization time by generating smaller ASP problems, in
-  # cases where there are requirements that prevent part of the search space to be explored.
-  static_analysis: false

etc/spack/defaults/config.yaml

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ config:
   install_tree:
     root: $spack/opt/spack
     projections:
-      all: "{architecture.platform}-{architecture.target}/{name}-{version}-{hash}"
+      all: "{architecture}/{compiler.name}-{compiler.version}/{name}-{version}-{hash}"
     # install_tree can include an optional padded length (int or boolean)
     # default is False (do not pad)
     # if padded_length is True, Spack will pad as close to the system max path
@@ -90,9 +90,10 @@ config:
   misc_cache: $user_cache_path/cache
 
 
-  # Abort downloads after this many seconds if not data is received.
-  # Setting this to 0 will disable the timeout.
-  connect_timeout: 30
+  # Timeout in seconds used for downloading sources etc. This only applies
+  # to the connection phase and can be increased for slow connections or
+  # servers. 0 means no timeout.
+  connect_timeout: 10
 
 
   # If this is false, tools like curl that use SSL will not verify
@@ -100,12 +101,6 @@ config:
   verify_ssl: true
 
 
-  # This is where custom certs for proxy/firewall are stored.
-  # It can be a path or environment variable. To match ssl env configuration
-  # the default is the environment variable SSL_CERT_FILE
-  ssl_certs: $SSL_CERT_FILE
-
-
   # Suppress gpg warnings from binary package verification
   # Only suppresses warnings, gpg failure will still fail the install
   # Potential rationale to set True: users have already explicitly trusted the
@@ -114,6 +109,12 @@ config:
   suppress_gpg_warnings: false
 
 
+  # If set to true, Spack will attempt to build any compiler on the spec
+  # that is not already available. If set to False, Spack will only use
+  # compilers already configured in compilers.yaml
+  install_missing_compilers: false
+
+
   # If set to true, Spack will always check checksums after downloading
   # archives. If false, Spack skips the checksum step.
   checksum: true
@@ -163,6 +164,23 @@ config:
   # If set to true, Spack will use ccache to cache C compiles.
   ccache: false
 
+
+  # The concretization algorithm to use in Spack. Options are:
+  #
+  #   'clingo': Uses a logic solver under the hood to solve DAGs with full
+  #       backtracking and optimization for user preferences. Spack will
+  #       try to bootstrap the logic solver, if not already available.
+  #
+  #   'original': Spack's original greedy, fixed-point concretizer. This
+  #       algorithm can make decisions too early and will not backtrack
+  #       sufficiently for many specs. This will soon be deprecated in
+  #       favor of clingo.
+  #
+  # See `concretizer.yaml` for more settings you can fine-tune when
+  # using clingo.
+  concretizer: clingo
+
+
   # How long to wait to lock the Spack installation database. This lock is used
   # when Spack needs to manage its own package metadata and all operations are
   # expected to complete within the default time limit. The timeout should
@@ -193,12 +211,6 @@ config:
     # executables with many dependencies, in particular on slow filesystems.
     bind: false
 
-    # Controls the handling of missing dynamic libraries after installation.
-    # Options are ignore (default), warn, or error. If set to error, the
-    # installation fails if installed binaries reference dynamic libraries that
-    # are not found in their specified rpaths.
-    missing_library_policy: ignore
-
 
   # Set to 'false' to allow installation on filesystems that doesn't allow setgid bit
   # manipulation by unprivileged user (e.g. AFS)

etc/spack/defaults/cray/modules.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# This is the default configuration for Spack's module file generation.
+#
+# Settings here are versioned with Spack and are intended to provide
+# sensible defaults out of the box. Spack maintainers should edit this
+# file to keep it current.
+#
+# Users can override these settings by editing the following files.
+#
+# Per-spack-instance settings (overrides defaults):
+#   $SPACK_ROOT/etc/spack/modules.yaml
+#
+# Per-user settings (overrides default and site settings):
+#   ~/.spack/modules.yaml
+# -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+modules: {}

etc/spack/defaults/darwin/packages.yaml

@@ -15,18 +15,18 @@
 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
 packages:
   all:
+    compiler:
+    - apple-clang
+    - clang
+    - gcc
+    - intel
     providers:
-      c: [apple-clang, llvm, gcc]
-      cxx: [apple-clang, llvm, gcc]
       elf: [libelf]
-      fortran: [gcc]
       fuse: [macfuse]
       gl: [apple-gl]
       glu: [apple-glu]
       unwind: [apple-libunwind]
       uuid: [apple-libuuid]
-  apple-clang:
-    buildable: false
   apple-gl:
     buildable: false
     externals:
@@ -51,12 +51,3 @@ packages:
     # although the version number used here isn't critical
     - spec: apple-libuuid@1353.100.2
       prefix: /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk
-  c:
-    prefer:
-    - apple-clang
-  cxx:
-    prefer:
-    - apple-clang
-  fortran:
-    prefer:
-    - gcc

etc/spack/defaults/packages.yaml

@@ -15,19 +15,15 @@
 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
 packages:
   all:
+    compiler: [gcc, intel, pgi, clang, xl, nag, fj, aocc]
     providers:
       awk: [gawk]
-      armci: [armcimpi]
       blas: [openblas, amdblis]
-      c: [gcc, llvm, intel-oneapi-compilers]
-      cxx: [gcc, llvm, intel-oneapi-compilers]
       D: [ldc]
       daal: [intel-oneapi-daal]
       elf: [elfutils]
       fftw-api: [fftw, amdfftw]
       flame: [libflame, amdlibflame]
-      fortran: [gcc, llvm, intel-oneapi-compilers]
-      fortran-rt: [gcc-runtime, intel-oneapi-runtime]
       fuse: [libfuse]
       gl: [glx, osmesa]
       glu: [mesa-glu, openglu]
@@ -35,14 +31,12 @@ packages:
       go-or-gccgo-bootstrap: [go-bootstrap, gcc]
       iconv: [libiconv]
       ipp: [intel-oneapi-ipp]
-      java: [openjdk, jdk]
+      java: [openjdk, jdk, ibm-java]
       jpeg: [libjpeg-turbo, libjpeg]
       lapack: [openblas, amdlibflame]
-      libc: [glibc, musl]
-      libgfortran: [gcc-runtime]
-      libglx: [mesa+glx]
-      libifcore: [intel-oneapi-runtime]
+      libglx: [mesa+glx, mesa18+glx]
       libllvm: [llvm]
+      libosmesa: [mesa+osmesa, mesa18+osmesa]
       lua-lang: [lua, lua-luajit-openresty, lua-luajit]
       luajit: [lua-luajit-openresty, lua-luajit]
       mariadb-client: [mariadb-c-client, mariadb]
@@ -63,8 +57,6 @@ packages:
       tbb: [intel-tbb]
       unwind: [libunwind]
       uuid: [util-linux-uuid, libuuid]
-      wasi-sdk: [wasi-sdk-prebuilt]
-      xkbdata-api: [xkeyboard-config, xkbdata]
       xxd: [xxd-standalone, vim]
       yacc: [bison, byacc]
       ziglang: [zig]
@@ -72,39 +64,3 @@ packages:
     permissions:
       read: world
       write: user
-  cce:
-    buildable: false
-  cray-fftw:
-    buildable: false
-  cray-libsci:
-    buildable: false
-  cray-mpich:
-    buildable: false
-  cray-mvapich2:
-    buildable: false
-  cray-pmi:
-    buildable: false
-  egl:
-    buildable: false
-  essl:
-    buildable: false
-  fj:
-    buildable: false
-  fujitsu-mpi:
-    buildable: false
-  fujitsu-ssl2:
-    buildable: false
-  glibc:
-    buildable: false
-  hpcx-mpi:
-    buildable: false
-  iconv:
-    prefer: [libiconv]
-  mpt:
-    buildable: false
-  musl:
-    buildable: false
-  spectrum-mpi:
-    buildable: false
-  xl:
-    buildable: false

etc/spack/defaults/repos.yaml

@@ -11,4 +11,4 @@
 #   ~/.spack/repos.yaml
 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
 repos:
-  - $spack/var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin
+  - $spack/var/spack/repos/builtin

etc/spack/defaults/windows/config.yaml

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 config:
   locks: false
+  concretizer: clingo
   build_stage::
-    - '$user_cache_path/stage'
+    - '$spack/.staging'
   stage_name: '{name}-{version}-{hash:7}'

etc/spack/defaults/windows/packages.yaml

@@ -15,13 +15,8 @@
 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
 packages:
   all:
+    compiler:
+    - msvc
     providers:
-      c : [msvc]
-      cxx: [msvc]
       mpi: [msmpi]
       gl: [wgl]
-  mpi:
-    require:
-    - one_of: [msmpi]
-  msvc:
-    buildable: false

lib/spack/docs/_pygments/style.py

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-# Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+# Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+# Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 #
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 

lib/spack/docs/_templates/layout.html

@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-{% extends "!layout.html" %}
-
-{%- block extrahead %} 
-  <!-- Google tag (gtag.js) -->
-  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-S0PQ7WV75K"></script>
-  <script>
-    window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];
-    function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);}
-    gtag('js', new Date());
-    gtag('config', 'G-S0PQ7WV75K');
-  </script>
-{% endblock %}

lib/spack/docs/basic_usage.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 
@@ -864,7 +865,7 @@ There are several different ways to use Spack packages once you have
 installed them. As you've seen, spack packages are installed into long
 paths with hashes, and you need a way to get them into your path. The
 easiest way is to use :ref:`spack load <cmd-spack-load>`, which is
-described in this section.
+described in the next section.
 
 Some more advanced ways to use Spack packages include:
 
@@ -958,86 +959,7 @@ use ``spack find --loaded``.
 You can also use ``spack load --list`` to get the same output, but it
 does not have the full set of query options that ``spack find`` offers.
 
-We'll learn more about Spack's spec syntax in :ref:`a later section <sec-specs>`.
-
-
-.. _extensions:
-
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-Python packages and virtual environments
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-Spack can install a large number of Python packages. Their names are
-typically prefixed with ``py-``. Installing and using them is no
-different from any other package:
-
-.. code-block:: console
-
-   $ spack install py-numpy
-   $ spack load py-numpy
-   $ python3
-   >>> import numpy
-
-The ``spack load`` command sets the ``PATH`` variable so that the right Python
-executable is used, and makes sure that ``numpy`` and its dependencies can be
-located in the ``PYTHONPATH``.
-
-Spack is different from other Python package managers in that it installs
-every package into its *own* prefix. This is in contrast to ``pip``, which
-installs all packages into the same prefix, be it in a virtual environment
-or not.
-
-For many users, **virtual environments** are more convenient than repeated
-``spack load`` commands, particularly when working with multiple Python
-packages. Fortunately Spack supports environments itself, which together
-with a view are no different from Python virtual environments.
-
-The recommended way of working with Python extensions such as ``py-numpy``
-is through :ref:`Environments <environments>`. The following example creates
-a Spack environment with ``numpy`` in the current working directory. It also
-puts a filesystem view in ``./view``, which is a more traditional combined
-prefix for all packages in the environment.
-
-.. code-block:: console
-
-   $ spack env create --with-view view --dir .
-   $ spack -e . add py-numpy
-   $ spack -e . concretize
-   $ spack -e . install
-
-Now you can activate the environment and start using the packages:
-
-.. code-block:: console
-
-   $ spack env activate .
-   $ python3
-   >>> import numpy
-
-The environment view is also a virtual environment, which is useful if you are
-sharing the environment with others who are unfamiliar with Spack. They can
-either use the Python executable directly:
-
-.. code-block:: console
-
-   $ ./view/bin/python3
-   >>> import numpy
-
-or use the activation script:
-
-.. code-block:: console
-
-   $ source ./view/bin/activate
-   $ python3
-   >>> import numpy
-
-In general, there should not be much difference between ``spack env activate``
-and using the virtual environment. The main advantage of ``spack env activate``
-is that it knows about more packages than just Python packages, and it may set
-additional runtime variables that are not covered by the virtual environment
-activation script.
-
-See :ref:`environments` for a more in-depth description of Spack
-environments and customizations to views.
+We'll learn more about Spack's spec syntax in the next section.
 
 
 .. _sec-specs:
@@ -1174,17 +1096,6 @@ unspecified version, but packages can depend on other packages with
 could depend on ``mpich@1.2:`` if it can only build with version
 ``1.2`` or higher of ``mpich``.
 
-.. note:: Windows Spec Syntax Caveats
-   Windows has a few idiosyncrasies when it comes to the Spack spec syntax and the use of certain shells
-   Spack's spec dependency syntax uses the carat (``^``) character, however this is an escape string in CMD
-   so it must be escaped with an additional carat (i.e. ``^^``).
-   CMD also will attempt to interpret strings with ``=`` characters in them. Any spec including this symbol
-   must double quote the string.
-
-   Note: All of these issues are unique to CMD, they can be avoided by using Powershell.
-
-   For more context on these caveats see the related issues: `carat <https://github.com/spack/spack/issues/42833>`_ and `equals <https://github.com/spack/spack/issues/43348>`_
-
 Below are more details about the specifiers that you can add to specs.
 
 .. _version-specifier:
@@ -1208,9 +1119,6 @@ and ``3.4.2``.  Similarly, ``@4.2:`` means any version above and including
 ``4.2``.  As a short-hand, ``@3`` is equivalent to the range ``@3:3`` and
 includes any version with major version ``3``.
 
-Versions are ordered lexicograpically by its components. For more details
-on the order, see :ref:`the packaging guide <version-comparison>`.
-
 Notice that you can distinguish between the specific version ``@=3.2`` and
 the range ``@3.2``. This is useful for packages that follow a versioning
 scheme that omits the zero patch version number: ``3.2``, ``3.2.1``,
@@ -1222,10 +1130,6 @@ A version specifier can also be a list of ranges and specific versions,
 separated by commas.  For example, ``@1.0:1.5,=1.7.1`` matches any version
 in the range ``1.0:1.5`` and the specific version ``1.7.1``.
 
-^^^^^^^^^^^^
-Git versions
-^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
 For packages with a ``git`` attribute, ``git`` references
 may be specified instead of a numerical version i.e. branches, tags
 and commits. Spack will stage and build based off the ``git``
@@ -1291,61 +1195,55 @@ based on site policies.
 Variants
 ^^^^^^^^
 
-Variants are named options associated with a particular package and are
-typically used to enable or disable certain features at build time. They
-are optional, as each package must provide default values for each variant
-it makes available.
-
-The names of variants available for a particular package depend on
+Variants are named options associated with a particular package. They are
+optional, as each package must provide default values for each variant it
+makes available. Variants can be specified using
+a flexible parameter syntax ``name=<value>``. For example,
+``spack install mercury debug=True`` will install mercury built with debug
+flags. The names of particular variants available for a package depend on
 what was provided by the package author. ``spack info <package>`` will
 provide information on what build variants are available.
 
-There are different types of variants:
+For compatibility with earlier versions, variants which happen to be
+boolean in nature can be specified by a syntax that represents turning
+options on and off. For example, in the previous spec we could have
+supplied ``mercury +debug`` with the same effect of enabling the debug
+compile time option for the libelf package.
 
-1. Boolean variants. Typically used to enable or disable a feature at
-   compile time. For example, a package might have a ``debug`` variant that
-   can be explicitly enabled with ``+debug`` and disabled with ``~debug``.
-2. Single-valued variants. Often used to set defaults. For example, a package
-   might have a ``compression`` variant that determines the default
-   compression algorithm, which users could set to ``compression=gzip`` or
-   ``compression=zstd``.
-3. Multi-valued variants. A package might have a ``fabrics`` variant that
-   determines which network fabrics to support. Users could set this to
-   ``fabrics=verbs,ofi`` to enable both InfiniBand verbs and OpenFabrics
-   interfaces. The values are separated by commas.
+Depending on the package a variant may have any default value.  For
+``mercury`` here, ``debug`` is ``False`` by default, and we turned it on
+with ``debug=True`` or ``+debug``.  If a variant is ``True`` by default
+you can turn it off by either adding ``-name`` or ``~name`` to the spec.
 
-   The meaning of ``fabrics=verbs,ofi`` is to enable *at least* the specified
-   fabrics, but other fabrics may be enabled as well. If the intent is to
-   enable *only* the specified fabrics, then the ``fabrics:=verbs,ofi``
-   syntax should be used with the ``:=`` operator.
+There are two syntaxes here because, depending on context, ``~`` and
+``-`` may mean different things.  In most shells, the following will
+result in the shell performing home directory substitution:
 
-.. note::
+.. code-block:: sh
 
-   In certain shells, the the ``~`` character is expanded to the home
-   directory. To avoid these issues, avoid whitespace between the package
-   name and the variant:
+   mpileaks ~debug   # shell may try to substitute this!
+   mpileaks~debug    # use this instead
 
-   .. code-block:: sh
+If there is a user called ``debug``, the ``~`` will be incorrectly
+expanded.  In this situation, you would want to write ``libelf
+-debug``.  However, ``-`` can be ambiguous when included after a
+package name without spaces:
 
-      mpileaks ~debug   # shell may try to substitute this!
-      mpileaks~debug    # use this instead
+.. code-block:: sh
 
-   Alternatively, you can use the ``-`` character to disable a variant,
-   but be aware that this requires a space between the package name and
-   the variant:
+   mpileaks-debug     # wrong!
+   mpileaks -debug    # right
 
-   .. code-block:: sh
+Spack allows the ``-`` character to be part of package names, so the
+above will be interpreted as a request for the ``mpileaks-debug``
+package, not a request for ``mpileaks`` built without ``debug``
+options.  In this scenario, you should write ``mpileaks~debug`` to
+avoid ambiguity.
 
-      mpileaks-debug     # wrong: refers to a package named "mpileaks-debug"
-      mpileaks -debug    # right: refers to a package named mpileaks with debug disabled
-
-   As a last resort, ``debug=False`` can also be used to disable a boolean variant.
-
-
-
-"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
-Variant propagation to dependencies
-"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
+When spack normalizes specs, it prints them out with no spaces boolean
+variants using the backwards compatibility syntax and uses only ``~``
+for disabled boolean variants.  The ``-`` and spaces on the command
+line are provided for convenience and legibility.
 
 Spack allows variants to propagate their value to the package's
 dependency by using ``++``, ``--``, and ``~~`` for boolean variants.
@@ -1364,10 +1262,6 @@ For example, for the ``stackstart`` variant:
     mpileaks stackstart==4   # variant will be propagated to dependencies
     mpileaks stackstart=4    # only mpileaks will have this variant value
 
-Spack also allows variants to be propagated from a package that does
-not have that variant.
-
-
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 Compiler Flags
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
@@ -1415,29 +1309,27 @@ that executables will run without the need to set ``LD_LIBRARY_PATH``.
 
 .. code-block:: yaml
 
-  packages:
-    gcc:
-      externals:
-      - spec: gcc@4.9.3
-        prefix: /opt/gcc
-        extra_attributes:
-          compilers:
-            c: /opt/gcc/bin/gcc
-            cxx: /opt/gcc/bin/g++
-            fortran: /opt/gcc/bin/gfortran
-          environment:
-            unset:
-              - BAD_VARIABLE
-            set:
-              GOOD_VARIABLE_NUM: 1
-              GOOD_VARIABLE_STR: good
-            prepend_path:
-              PATH: /path/to/binutils
-            append_path:
-              LD_LIBRARY_PATH: /opt/gcc/lib
-          extra_rpaths:
-          - /path/to/some/compiler/runtime/directory
-          - /path/to/some/other/compiler/runtime/directory
+  compilers:
+    - compiler:
+        spec: gcc@4.9.3
+        paths:
+          cc: /opt/gcc/bin/gcc
+          c++: /opt/gcc/bin/g++
+          f77: /opt/gcc/bin/gfortran
+          fc: /opt/gcc/bin/gfortran
+        environment:
+          unset:
+            - BAD_VARIABLE
+          set:
+            GOOD_VARIABLE_NUM: 1
+            GOOD_VARIABLE_STR: good
+          prepend_path:
+            PATH: /path/to/binutils
+          append_path:
+            LD_LIBRARY_PATH: /opt/gcc/lib
+        extra_rpaths:
+        - /path/to/some/compiler/runtime/directory
+        - /path/to/some/other/compiler/runtime/directory
 
 
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
@@ -1455,12 +1347,22 @@ the reserved keywords ``platform``, ``os`` and ``target``:
    $ spack install libelf os=ubuntu18.04
    $ spack install libelf target=broadwell
 
+or together by using the reserved keyword ``arch``:
+
+.. code-block:: console
+
+   $ spack install libelf arch=cray-CNL10-haswell
+
 Normally users don't have to bother specifying the architecture if they
 are installing software for their current host, as in that case the
 values will be detected automatically.  If you need fine-grained control
 over which packages use which targets (or over *all* packages' default
 target), see :ref:`package-preferences`.
 
+.. admonition:: Cray machines
+
+  The situation is a little bit different for Cray machines and a detailed
+  explanation on how the architecture can be set on them can be found at :ref:`cray-support`
 
 .. _support-for-microarchitectures:
 
@@ -1769,24 +1671,19 @@ Verifying installations
 The ``spack verify`` command can be used to verify the validity of
 Spack-installed packages any time after installation.
 
-
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-``spack verify manifest``
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
 At installation time, Spack creates a manifest of every file in the
 installation prefix. For links, Spack tracks the mode, ownership, and
 destination. For directories, Spack tracks the mode, and
 ownership. For files, Spack tracks the mode, ownership, modification
-time, hash, and size. The ``spack verify manifest`` command will check,
-for every file in each package, whether any of those attributes have
-changed. It will also check for newly added files or deleted files from
-the installation prefix. Spack can either check all installed packages
+time, hash, and size. The Spack verify command will check, for every
+file in each package, whether any of those attributes have changed. It
+will also check for newly added files or deleted files from the
+installation prefix. Spack can either check all installed packages
 using the `-a,--all` or accept specs listed on the command line to
 verify.
 
-The ``spack verify manifest`` command can also verify for individual files
-that they haven't been altered since installation time. If the given file
+The ``spack verify`` command can also verify for individual files that
+they haven't been altered since installation time. If the given file
 is not in a Spack installation prefix, Spack will report that it is
 not owned by any package. To check individual files instead of specs,
 use the ``-f,--files`` option.
@@ -1801,21 +1698,164 @@ check only local packages (as opposed to those used transparently from
 ``upstream`` spack instances) and the ``-j,--json`` option to output
 machine-readable json data for any errors.
 
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-``spack verify libraries``
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
-The ``spack verify libraries`` command can be used to verify that packages
-do not have accidental system dependencies. This command scans the install
-prefixes of packages for executables and shared libraries, and resolves
-their needed libraries in their RPATHs. When needed libraries cannot be
-located, an error is reported. This typically indicates that a package
-was linked against a system library, instead of a library provided by
-a Spack package.
+.. _extensions:
 
-This verification can also be enabled as a post-install hook by setting
-``config:shared_linking:missing_library_policy`` to ``error`` or ``warn``
-in :ref:`config.yaml <config-yaml>`.
+---------------------------
+Extensions & Python support
+---------------------------
+
+Spack's installation model assumes that each package will live in its
+own install prefix.  However, certain packages are typically installed
+*within* the directory hierarchy of other packages.  For example,
+`Python <https://www.python.org>`_ packages are typically installed in the
+``$prefix/lib/python-2.7/site-packages`` directory.
+
+In Spack, installation prefixes are immutable, so this type of installation
+is not directly supported. However, it is possible to create views that
+allow you to merge install prefixes of multiple packages into a single new prefix.
+Views are a convenient way to get a more traditional filesystem structure.
+Using *extensions*, you can ensure that Python packages always share the
+same prefix in the view as Python itself. Suppose you have
+Python installed like so:
+
+.. code-block:: console
+
+   $ spack find python
+   ==> 1 installed packages.
+   -- linux-debian7-x86_64 / gcc@4.4.7 --------------------------------
+   python@2.7.8
+
+.. _cmd-spack-extensions:
+
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+``spack extensions``
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+You can find extensions for your Python installation like this:
+
+.. code-block:: console
+
+   $ spack extensions python
+   ==> python@2.7.8%gcc@4.4.7 arch=linux-debian7-x86_64-703c7a96
+   ==> 36 extensions:
+   geos          py-ipython     py-pexpect    py-pyside            py-sip
+   py-basemap    py-libxml2     py-pil        py-pytz              py-six
+   py-biopython  py-mako        py-pmw        py-rpy2              py-sympy
+   py-cython     py-matplotlib  py-pychecker  py-scientificpython  py-virtualenv
+   py-dateutil   py-mpi4py      py-pygments   py-scikit-learn
+   py-epydoc     py-mx          py-pylint     py-scipy
+   py-gnuplot    py-nose        py-pyparsing  py-setuptools
+   py-h5py       py-numpy       py-pyqt       py-shiboken
+
+   ==> 12 installed:
+   -- linux-debian7-x86_64 / gcc@4.4.7 --------------------------------
+   py-dateutil@2.4.0    py-nose@1.3.4       py-pyside@1.2.2
+   py-dateutil@2.4.0    py-numpy@1.9.1      py-pytz@2014.10
+   py-ipython@2.3.1     py-pygments@2.0.1   py-setuptools@11.3.1
+   py-matplotlib@1.4.2  py-pyparsing@2.0.3  py-six@1.9.0
+
+The extensions are a subset of what's returned by ``spack list``, and
+they are packages like any other.  They are installed into their own
+prefixes, and you can see this with ``spack find --paths``:
+
+.. code-block:: console
+
+   $ spack find --paths py-numpy
+   ==> 1 installed packages.
+   -- linux-debian7-x86_64 / gcc@4.4.7 --------------------------------
+       py-numpy@1.9.1  ~/spack/opt/linux-debian7-x86_64/gcc@4.4.7/py-numpy@1.9.1-66733244
+
+However, even though this package is installed, you cannot use it
+directly when you run ``python``:
+
+.. code-block:: console
+
+   $ spack load python
+   $ python
+   Python 2.7.8 (default, Feb 17 2015, 01:35:25)
+   [GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-11)] on linux2
+   Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
+   >>> import numpy
+   Traceback (most recent call last):
+     File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
+   ImportError: No module named numpy
+   >>>
+
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+Using Extensions in Environments
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+The recommended way of working with extensions such as ``py-numpy``
+above is through :ref:`Environments <environments>`. For example,
+the following creates an environment in the current working directory
+with a filesystem view in the ``./view`` directory:
+
+.. code-block:: console
+
+   $ spack env create --with-view view --dir .
+   $ spack -e . add py-numpy
+   $ spack -e . concretize
+   $ spack -e . install
+
+We recommend environments for two reasons. Firstly, environments
+can be activated (requires :ref:`shell-support`):
+
+.. code-block:: console
+
+   $ spack env activate .
+
+which sets all the right environment variables such as ``PATH`` and
+``PYTHONPATH``. This ensures that
+
+.. code-block:: console
+
+   $ python
+   >>> import numpy
+
+works. Secondly, even without shell support, the view ensures
+that Python can locate its extensions:
+
+.. code-block:: console
+
+   $ ./view/bin/python
+   >>> import numpy
+
+See :ref:`environments` for a more in-depth description of Spack
+environments and customizations to views.
+
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+Using ``spack load``
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+A more traditional way of using Spack and extensions is ``spack load``
+(requires :ref:`shell-support`). This will add the extension to ``PYTHONPATH``
+in your current shell, and Python itself will be available in the ``PATH``:
+
+.. code-block:: console
+
+   $ spack load py-numpy
+   $ python
+   >>> import numpy
+
+The loaded packages can be checked using ``spack find --loaded``
+
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+Loading Extensions via Modules
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Apart from ``spack env activate`` and ``spack load``, you can load numpy
+through your environment modules (using ``environment-modules`` or
+``lmod``). This will also add the extension to the ``PYTHONPATH`` in
+your current shell.
+
+.. code-block:: console
+
+   $ module load <name of numpy module>
+
+If you do not know the name of the specific numpy module you wish to
+load, you can use the ``spack module tcl|lmod loads`` command to get
+the name of the module from the Spack spec.
 
 -----------------------
 Filesystem requirements
@@ -1916,7 +1956,7 @@ diagnostics. Issues, if found, are reported to stdout:
    PKG-DIRECTIVES: 1 issue found
    1. lammps: wrong variant in "conflicts" directive
        the variant 'adios' does not exist
-       in /home/spack/spack/var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/lammps/package.py
+       in /home/spack/spack/var/spack/repos/builtin/packages/lammps/package.py
 
 
 ------------

lib/spack/docs/binary_caches.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 
@@ -45,14 +46,10 @@ provided binary cache, which can be a local directory or a remote URL.
 Here is an example where a build cache is created in a local directory named
 "spack-cache", to which we push the "ninja" spec:
 
-ninja-1.12.1-vmvycib6vmiofkdqgrblo7zsvp7odwut
-
 .. code-block:: console
 
     $ spack buildcache push ./spack-cache ninja
-    ==> Selected 30 specs to push to file:///home/spackuser/spack/spack-cache
-    ...
-    ==> [30/30] Pushed ninja@1.12.1/ngldn2k
+    ==> Pushing binary packages to file:///home/spackuser/spack/spack-cache/build_cache
 
 Note that ``ninja`` must be installed locally for this to work.
 
@@ -102,10 +99,9 @@ Now you can use list:
 .. code-block:: console
 
     $  spack buildcache list
-    ==> 24 cached builds.
-    -- linux-ubuntu22.04-sapphirerapids / gcc@12.3.0 ----------------
-    [ ... ]
-    ninja@1.12.1
+    ==> 1 cached build.
+    -- linux-ubuntu20.04-skylake / gcc@9.3.0 ------------------------
+    ninja@1.10.2
 
 With ``mymirror`` configured and an index available, Spack will automatically
 use it during concretization and installation. That means that you can expect
@@ -116,17 +112,17 @@ verify by re-installing ninja:
 
     $ spack uninstall ninja
     $ spack install ninja
-    [ ... ]
-    ==> Installing ninja-1.12.1-ngldn2kpvb6lqc44oqhhow7fzg7xu7lh [24/24]
-    gpg: Signature made Thu 06 Mar 2025 10:03:38 AM MST
-    gpg:                using RSA key 75BC0528114909C076E2607418010FFAD73C9B07
+    ==> Installing ninja-1.11.1-yxferyhmrjkosgta5ei6b4lqf6bxbscz
+    ==> Fetching file:///home/spackuser/spack/spack-cache/build_cache/linux-ubuntu20.04-skylake-gcc-9.3.0-ninja-1.10.2-yxferyhmrjkosgta5ei6b4lqf6bxbscz.spec.json.sig
+    gpg: Signature made Do 12 Jan 2023 16:01:04 CET
+    gpg:                using RSA key 61B82B2B2350E171BD17A1744E3A689061D57BF6
     gpg: Good signature from "example (GPG created for Spack) <example@example.com>" [ultimate]
-    ==> Fetching file:///home/spackuser/spack/spack-cache/blobs/sha256/f0/f08eb62661ad159d2d258890127fc6053f5302a2f490c1c7f7bd677721010ee0
-    ==> Fetching file:///home/spackuser/spack/spack-cache/blobs/sha256/c7/c79ac6e40dfdd01ac499b020e52e57aa91151febaea3ad183f90c0f78b64a31a
-    ==> Extracting ninja-1.12.1-ngldn2kpvb6lqc44oqhhow7fzg7xu7lh from binary cache
-    ==> ninja: Successfully installed ninja-1.12.1-ngldn2kpvb6lqc44oqhhow7fzg7xu7lh
-      Search: 0.00s.  Fetch: 0.11s.  Install: 0.11s.  Extract: 0.10s.  Relocate: 0.00s.  Total: 0.22s
-    [+] /home/spackuser/spack/opt/spack/linux-ubuntu22.04-sapphirerapids/gcc-12.3.0/ninja-1.12.1-ngldn2kpvb6lqc44oqhhow7fzg7xu7lh
+    ==> Fetching file:///home/spackuser/spack/spack-cache/build_cache/linux-ubuntu20.04-skylake/gcc-9.3.0/ninja-1.10.2/linux-ubuntu20.04-skylake-gcc-9.3.0-ninja-1.10.2-yxferyhmrjkosgta5ei6b4lqf6bxbscz.spack
+    ==> Extracting ninja-1.10.2-yxferyhmrjkosgta5ei6b4lqf6bxbscz from binary cache
+    ==> ninja: Successfully installed ninja-1.11.1-yxferyhmrjkosgta5ei6b4lqf6bxbscz
+    Search: 0.00s.  Fetch: 0.17s.  Install: 0.12s.  Total: 0.29s
+    [+] /home/harmen/spack/opt/spack/linux-ubuntu20.04-skylake/gcc-9.3.0/ninja-1.11.1-yxferyhmrjkosgta5ei6b4lqf6bxbscz
+
 
 It worked! You've just completed a full example of creating a build cache with
 a spec of interest, adding it as a mirror, updating its index, listing the contents,
@@ -157,43 +153,7 @@ keyring, and trusting all downloaded keys.
 List of popular build caches
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
-* `Extreme-scale Scientific Software Stack (E4S) <https://e4s-project.github.io/>`_: `build cache <https://oaciss.uoregon.edu/e4s/inventory.html>`_'
-
--------------------
-Build cache signing
--------------------
-
-By default, Spack will add a cryptographic signature to each package pushed to
-a build cache, and verifies the signature when installing from a build cache.
-
-Keys for signing can be managed with the :ref:`spack gpg <cmd-spack-gpg>` command,
-as well as ``spack buildcache keys`` as mentioned above.
-
-You can disable signing when pushing with ``spack buildcache push --unsigned``,
-and disable verification when installing from any build cache with
-``spack install --no-check-signature``.
-
-Alternatively, signing and verification can be enabled or disabled on a per build cache
-basis:
-
-.. code-block:: console
-
-    $ spack mirror add --signed <name> <url>  # enable signing and verification
-    $ spack mirror add --unsigned <name> <url>  # disable signing and verification
-
-    $ spack mirror set --signed <name>  # enable signing and verification for an existing mirror
-    $ spack mirror set --unsigned <name>  # disable signing and verification for an existing mirror
-
-Or you can directly edit the ``mirrors.yaml`` configuration file:
-
-.. code-block:: yaml
-
-    mirrors:
-      <name>:
-        url: <url>
-        signed: false # disable signing and verification
-
-See also :ref:`mirrors`.
+* `Extreme-scale Scientific Software Stack (E4S) <https://e4s-project.github.io/>`_: `build cache <https://oaciss.uoregon.edu/e4s/inventory.html>`_
 
 ----------
 Relocation
@@ -224,40 +184,6 @@ section of the configuration:
 
 .. _binary_caches_oci:
 
----------------------------------
-Automatic push to a build cache
----------------------------------
-
-Sometimes it is convenient to push packages to a build cache as soon as they are installed. Spack can do this by setting autopush flag when adding a mirror:
-
-.. code-block:: console
-
-    $ spack mirror add --autopush <name> <url or path>
-
-Or the autopush flag can be set for an existing mirror:
-
-.. code-block:: console
-
-    $ spack mirror set --autopush <name>  # enable automatic push for an existing mirror
-    $ spack mirror set --no-autopush <name>  # disable automatic push for an existing mirror
-
-Then after installing a package it is automatically pushed to all mirrors with ``autopush: true``. The command
-
-.. code-block:: console
-
-    $ spack install <package>
-
-will have the same effect as
-
-.. code-block:: console
-
-    $ spack install <package>
-    $ spack buildcache push <cache> <package>  # for all caches with autopush: true
-
-.. note::
-
-    Packages are automatically pushed to a build cache only if they are built from source.
-
 -----------------------------------------
 OCI / Docker V2 registries as build cache
 -----------------------------------------
@@ -269,30 +195,25 @@ infrastructure, or to cache Spack built binaries in Github Actions and
 GitLab CI.
 
 To get started, configure an OCI mirror using ``oci://`` as the scheme,
-and optionally specify variables that hold the username and password (or
-personal access token) for the registry:
+and optionally specify a username and password (or personal access token):
 
 .. code-block:: console
 
-    $ spack mirror add --oci-username-variable REGISTRY_USER \
-                       --oci-password-variable REGISTRY_TOKEN \
-                       my_registry oci://example.com/my_image
+    $ spack mirror add --oci-username username --oci-password password my_registry oci://example.com/my_image
 
 Spack follows the naming conventions of Docker, with Dockerhub as the default
 registry. To use Dockerhub, you can omit the registry domain:
 
 .. code-block:: console
 
-    $ spack mirror add ... my_registry oci://username/my_image
+    $ spack mirror add --oci-username username --oci-password password my_registry oci://username/my_image
 
 From here, you can use the mirror as any other build cache:
 
 .. code-block:: console
 
-    $ export REGISTRY_USER=...
-    $ export REGISTRY_TOKEN=...
     $ spack buildcache push my_registry <specs...>  # push to the registry
-    $ spack install <specs...>  # or install from the registry
+    $ spack install <specs...> # install from the registry
 
 A unique feature of buildcaches on top of OCI registries is that it's incredibly
 easy to generate get a runnable container image with the binaries installed. This
@@ -330,13 +251,87 @@ To significantly speed up Spack in GitHub Actions, binaries can be cached in
 GitHub Packages. This service is an OCI registry that can be linked to a GitHub
 repository.
 
+A typical workflow is to include a ``spack.yaml`` environment in your repository
+that specifies the packages to install, the target architecture, and the build
+cache to use under ``mirrors``:
+
+.. code-block:: yaml
+
+    spack:
+      specs:
+      - python@3.11
+      config:
+        install_tree:
+          root: /opt/spack
+          padded_length: 128
+      packages:
+        all:
+          require: target=x86_64_v2
+      mirrors:
+        local-buildcache: oci://ghcr.io/<organization>/<repository>
+
+A GitHub action can then be used to install the packages and push them to the
+build cache:
+
+.. code-block:: yaml
+
+    name: Install Spack packages
+
+    on: push
+
+    env:
+      SPACK_COLOR: always
+
+    jobs:
+      example:
+        runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+        permissions:
+          packages: write
+        steps:
+        - name: Checkout
+          uses: actions/checkout@v3
+
+        - name: Checkout Spack
+          uses: actions/checkout@v3
+          with:
+            repository: spack/spack
+            path: spack
+
+        - name: Setup Spack
+          run: echo "$PWD/spack/bin" >> "$GITHUB_PATH"
+
+        - name: Concretize
+          run: spack -e . concretize
+
+        - name: Install
+          run: spack -e . install --no-check-signature
+
+        - name: Run tests
+            run: ./my_view/bin/python3 -c 'print("hello world")'
+
+        - name: Push to buildcache
+          run: |
+            spack -e . mirror set --oci-username ${{ github.actor }} --oci-password "${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}" local-buildcache
+            spack -e . buildcache push --base-image ubuntu:22.04 --unsigned --update-index local-buildcache
+          if: ${{ !cancelled() }}
+
+The first time this action runs, it will build the packages from source and
+push them to the build cache. Subsequent runs will pull the binaries from the
+build cache. The concretizer will ensure that prebuilt binaries are favored
+over source builds.
+
+The build cache entries appear in the GitHub Packages section of your repository,
+and contain instructions for pulling and running them with ``docker`` or ``podman``.
+
+
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+Using Spack's public build cache for GitHub Actions
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
 Spack offers a public build cache for GitHub Actions with a set of common packages,
 which lets you get started quickly. See the following resources for more information:
 
-* `spack/setup-spack <https://github.com/spack/setup-spack>`_ for setting up Spack in GitHub
-  Actions
-* `spack/github-actions-buildcache <https://github.com/spack/github-actions-buildcache>`_ for
-  more details on the public build cache
+* `spack/github-actions-buildcache <https://github.com/spack/github-actions-buildcache>`_
 
 .. _cmd-spack-buildcache:
 
@@ -349,18 +344,19 @@ which lets you get started quickly. See the following resources for more informa
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
 Create tarball of installed Spack package and all dependencies.
-Tarballs and specfiles are compressed and checksummed, manifests are signed if gpg2 is available.
-Commands like ``spack buildcache install`` will search Spack mirrors to get the list of build caches.
+Tarballs are checksummed and signed if gpg2 is available.
+Places them in a directory ``build_cache`` that can be copied to a mirror.
+Commands like ``spack buildcache install`` will search Spack mirrors for build_cache to get the list of build caches.
 
 ==============  ========================================================================================================================
 Arguments       Description
 ==============  ========================================================================================================================
 ``<specs>``     list of partial specs or hashes with a leading ``/`` to match from installed packages and used for creating build caches
-``-d <path>``   directory in which ``v3`` and ``blobs`` directories are created, defaults to ``.``
-``-f``          overwrite compressed tarball and spec metadata files if they already exist
+``-d <path>``   directory in which ``build_cache`` directory is created, defaults to ``.``
+``-f``          overwrite ``.spack`` file in ``build_cache`` directory if it exists
 ``-k <key>``    the key to sign package with. In the case where multiple keys exist, the package will be unsigned unless ``-k`` is used.
 ``-r``          make paths in binaries relative before creating tarball
-``-y``          answer yes to all questions about creating unsigned build caches
+``-y``          answer yes to all create unsigned ``build_cache`` questions
 ==============  ========================================================================================================================
 
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
@@ -401,165 +397,6 @@ List public keys available on Spack mirror.
 =========  ==============================================
 Arguments  Description
 =========  ==============================================
-``-it``    trust the keys downloaded with prompt for each
+``-i``     trust the keys downloaded with prompt for each
 ``-y``     answer yes to all trust all keys downloaded
 =========  ==============================================
-
-.. _build_cache_layout:
-
-------------------
-Build Cache Layout
-------------------
-
-This section describes the structure and content of URL-style build caches, as
-distinguished from OCI-style build caches.
-
-The entry point for a binary package is a manifest json file that points to at
-least two other files stored as content-addressed blobs. These files include a spec
-metadata file, as well as the installation directory of the package stored as
-a compressed archive file. Binary package manifest files are named to indicate
-the package name and version, as well as the hash of the concrete spec. For
-example::
-
-  gcc-runtime-12.3.0-qyu2lvgt3nxh7izxycugdbgf5gsdpkjt.spec.manifest.json
-
-would contain the manifest for a binary package of ``gcc-runtime@12.3.0``.
-The id of the built package is defined to be the DAG hash of the concrete spec,
-and exists in the name of the file as well. The id distinguishes a particular
-binary package from all other binary packages with the same package name and
-version. Below is an example binary package manifest file. Such a file would
-live in the versioned spec manifests directory of a binary mirror, for example
-``v3/manifests/spec/``::
-
-  {
-    "version": 3,
-    "data": [
-      {
-        "contentLength": 10731083,
-        "mediaType": "application/vnd.spack.install.v2.tar+gzip",
-        "compression": "gzip",
-        "checksumAlgorithm": "sha256",
-        "checksum": "0f24aa6b5dd7150067349865217acd3f6a383083f9eca111d2d2fed726c88210"
-      },
-      {
-        "contentLength": 1000,
-        "mediaType": "application/vnd.spack.spec.v5+json",
-        "compression": "gzip",
-        "checksumAlgorithm": "sha256",
-        "checksum": "fba751c4796536737c9acbb718dad7429be1fa485f5585d450ab8b25d12ae041"
-      }
-    ]
-  }
-
-The manifest points to both the compressed tar file as well as the compressed
-spec metadata file, and contains the checksum of each. This checksum
-is also used as the address of the associated file, and hence, must be
-known in order to locate the tarball or spec file within the mirror. Once the
-tarball or spec metadata file is downloaded, the checksum should be computed locally
-and compared to the checksum in the manifest to ensure the contents have not changed
-since the binary package was pushed. Spack stores all data files (including compressed
-tar files, spec metadata, indices, public keys, etc) within a ``blobs/<hash-algorithm>/``
-directory, using the first two characters of the checksum as a sub-directory
-to reduce the number files in a single folder.  Here is a depiction of the
-organization of binary mirror contents::
-
-  mirror_directory/
-    v3/
-      layout.json
-      manifests/
-        spec/
-          gcc-runtime/
-            gcc-runtime-12.3.0-s2nqujezsce4x6uhtvxscu7jhewqzztx.spec.manifest.json
-          gmake/
-            gmake-4.4.1-lpr4j77rcgkg5536tmiuzwzlcjsiomph.spec.manifest.json
-          compiler-wrapper/
-            compiler-wrapper-1.0-s7ieuyievp57vwhthczhaq2ogowf3ohe.spec.manifest.json
-        index/
-          index.manifest.json
-        key/
-          75BC0528114909C076E2607418010FFAD73C9B07.key.manifest.json
-          keys.manifest.json
-    blobs/
-      sha256/
-        0f/
-          0f24aa6b5dd7150067349865217acd3f6a383083f9eca111d2d2fed726c88210
-        fb/
-          fba751c4796536737c9acbb718dad7429be1fa485f5585d450ab8b25d12ae041
-        2a/
-          2a21836d206ccf0df780ab0be63fdf76d24501375306a35daa6683c409b7922f
-        ...
-
-Files within the ``manifests`` directory are organized into subdirectories by
-the type of entity they represent. Binary package manifests live in the ``spec/``
-directory, binary cache index manifests live in the ``index/`` directory, and
-manifests for public keys and their indices live in the ``key/`` subdirectory.
-Regardless of the type of entity they represent, all manifest files are named
-with an extension ``.manifest.json``.
-
-Every manifest contains a ``data`` array, each element of which refers to an
-associated file stored a content-addressed blob.  Considering the example spec
-manifest shown above, the compressed installation archive can be found by
-picking out the data blob with the appropriate ``mediaType``, which in this
-case would be ``application/vnd.spack.install.v1.tar+gzip``. The associated
-file is found by looking in the blobs directory under ``blobs/sha256/fb/`` for
-the file named with the complete checksum value.
-
-As mentioned above, every entity in a binary mirror (aka build cache) is stored
-as a content-addressed blob pointed to by a manifest. While an example spec
-manifest (i.e. a manifest for a binary package) is shown above, here is what
-the manifest of a build cache index looks like::
-
-  {
-    "version": 3,
-    "data": [
-      {
-        "contentLength": 6411,
-        "mediaType": "application/vnd.spack.db.v8+json",
-        "compression": "none",
-        "checksumAlgorithm": "sha256",
-        "checksum": "225a3e9da24d201fdf9d8247d66217f5b3f4d0fc160db1498afd998bfd115234"
-      }
-    ]
-  }
-
-Some things to note about this manifest are that it points to a blob that is not
-compressed (``compression: "none"``), and that the ``mediaType`` is one we have
-not seen yet, ``application/vnd.spack.db.v8+json``. The decision not to compress
-build cache indices stems from the fact that spack does not yet sign build cache
-index manifests. Once that changes, you may start to see these indices stored as
-compressed blobs.
-
-For completeness, here are examples of manifests for the other two types of entities
-you might find in a spack build cache. First a public key manifest::
-
-  {
-    "version": 3,
-    "data": [
-      {
-        "contentLength": 2472,
-        "mediaType": "application/pgp-keys",
-        "compression": "none",
-        "checksumAlgorithm": "sha256",
-        "checksum": "9fc18374aebc84deb2f27898da77d4d4410e5fb44c60c6238cb57fb36147e5c7"
-      }
-    ]
-  }
-
-Note the ``mediaType`` of ``application/pgp-keys``. Finally, a public key index manifest::
-
-  {
-    "version": 3,
-    "data": [
-      {
-        "contentLength": 56,
-        "mediaType": "application/vnd.spack.keyindex.v1+json",
-        "compression": "none",
-        "checksumAlgorithm": "sha256",
-        "checksum": "29b3a0eb6064fd588543bc43ac7d42d708a69058dafe4be0859e3200091a9a1c"
-      }
-    ]
-  }
-
-Again note the ``mediaType`` of ``application/vnd.spack.keyindex.v1+json``. Also note
-that both the above manifest examples refer to uncompressed blobs, this is for the same
-reason spack does not yet compress build cache index blobs.

lib/spack/docs/bootstrapping.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 
@@ -86,7 +87,7 @@ You can check what is installed in the bootstrapping store at any time using:
 
 .. code-block:: console
 
-   % spack -b find
+   % spack find -b
    ==> Showing internal bootstrap store at "/Users/spack/.spack/bootstrap/store"
    ==> 11 installed packages
    -- darwin-catalina-x86_64 / apple-clang@12.0.0 ------------------
@@ -100,7 +101,7 @@ In case it is needed you can remove all the software in the current bootstrappin
    % spack clean -b
    ==> Removing bootstrapped software and configuration in "/Users/spack/.spack/bootstrap"
 
-   % spack -b find
+   % spack find -b
    ==> Showing internal bootstrap store at "/Users/spack/.spack/bootstrap/store"
    ==> 0 installed packages
 
@@ -170,8 +171,8 @@ bootstrapping.
    To register the mirror on the platform where it's supposed to be used run the following command(s):
      % spack bootstrap add --trust local-sources /opt/bootstrap/metadata/sources
      % spack bootstrap add --trust local-binaries /opt/bootstrap/metadata/binaries
-     % spack buildcache update-index /opt/bootstrap/bootstrap_cache
+
 
 This command needs to be run on a machine with internet access and the resulting folder
 has to be moved over to the air-gapped system. Once the local sources are added using the
-commands suggested at the prompt, they can be used to bootstrap Spack.
+commands suggested at the prompt, they can be used to bootstrap Spack.

lib/spack/docs/build_settings.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 
@@ -20,86 +21,23 @@ is the following:
 Reuse already installed packages
 --------------------------------
 
-The ``reuse`` attribute controls how aggressively Spack reuses binary packages during concretization. The
-attribute can either be a single value, or an object for more complex configurations.
-
-In the former case ("single value") it allows Spack to:
-
-1. Reuse installed packages and buildcaches for all the specs to be concretized, when ``true``
-2. Reuse installed packages and buildcaches only for the dependencies of the root specs, when ``dependencies``
-3. Disregard reusing installed packages and buildcaches, when ``false``
-
-In case a finer control over which specs are reused is needed, then the value of this attribute can be
-an object, with the following keys:
-
-1. ``roots``: if ``true`` root specs are reused, if ``false`` only dependencies of root specs are reused
-2. ``from``: list of sources from which reused specs are taken
-
-Each source in ``from`` is itself an object:
-
-.. list-table:: Attributes for a source or reusable specs
-   :header-rows: 1
-
-   * - Attribute name
-     - Description
-   * - type (mandatory, string)
-     - Can be ``local``, ``buildcache``, or ``external``
-   * - include (optional, list of specs)
-     - If present, reusable specs must match at least one of the constraint in the list
-   * - exclude (optional, list of specs)
-     - If present, reusable specs must not match any of the constraint in the list.
-
-For instance, the following configuration:
-
-.. code-block:: yaml
-
-   concretizer:
-     reuse:
-       roots: true
-       from:
-       - type: local
-         include:
-         - "%gcc"
-         - "%clang"
-
-tells the concretizer to reuse all specs compiled with either ``gcc`` or ``clang``, that are installed
-in the local store. Any spec from remote buildcaches is disregarded.
-
-To reduce the boilerplate in configuration files, default values for the ``include`` and
-``exclude`` options can be pushed up one level:
-
-.. code-block:: yaml
-
-   concretizer:
-     reuse:
-       roots: true
-       include:
-       - "%gcc"
-       from:
-       - type: local
-       - type: buildcache
-       - type: local
-         include:
-         - "foo %oneapi"
-
-In the example above we reuse all specs compiled with ``gcc`` from the local store
-and remote buildcaches, and we also reuse ``foo %oneapi``. Note that the last source of
-specs override the default ``include`` attribute.
-
-For one-off concretizations, the are command line arguments for each of the simple "single value"
-configurations. This means a user can:
+The ``reuse`` attribute controls whether Spack will prefer to use installed packages (``true``), or
+whether it will do a "fresh" installation and prefer the latest settings from
+``package.py`` files and ``packages.yaml`` (``false``).
+You can use:
 
 .. code-block:: console
 
    % spack install --reuse <spec>
 
-to enable reuse for a single installation, or:
+to enable reuse for a single installation, and you can use:
 
 .. code-block:: console
 
    spack install --fresh <spec>
 
 to do a fresh install if ``reuse`` is enabled by default.
+``reuse: dependencies`` is the default.
 
 .. seealso::
 
@@ -165,106 +103,3 @@ while `py-numpy` still needs an older version:
 
 Up to Spack v0.20 ``duplicates:strategy:none`` was the default (and only) behavior. From Spack v0.21 the
 default behavior is ``duplicates:strategy:minimal``.
-
---------
-Splicing
---------
-
-The ``splice`` key covers config attributes for splicing specs in the solver.
-
-"Splicing" is a method for replacing a dependency with another spec
-that provides the same package or virtual. There are two types of
-splices, referring to different behaviors for shared dependencies
-between the root spec and the new spec replacing a dependency:
-"transitive" and "intransitive". A "transitive" splice is one that
-resolves all conflicts by taking the dependency from the new node. An
-"intransitive" splice is one that resolves all conflicts by taking the
-dependency from the original root. From a theory perspective, hybrid
-splices are possible but are not modeled by Spack.
-
-All spliced specs retain a ``build_spec`` attribute that points to the
-original Spec before any splice occurred. The ``build_spec`` for a
-non-spliced spec is itself.
-
-The figure below shows examples of transitive and intransitive splices:
-
-.. figure:: images/splices.png
-   :align: center
-
-The concretizer can be configured to explicitly splice particular
-replacements for a target spec. Splicing will allow the user to make
-use of generically built public binary caches, while swapping in
-highly optimized local builds for performance critical components
-and/or components that interact closely with the specific hardware
-details of the system. The most prominent candidate for splicing is
-MPI providers. MPI packages have relatively well-understood ABI
-characteristics, and most High Performance Computing facilities deploy
-highly optimized MPI packages tailored to their particular
-hardware. The following config block configures Spack to replace
-whatever MPI provider each spec was concretized to use with the
-particular package of ``mpich`` with the hash that begins ``abcdef``.
-
-.. code-block:: yaml
-
-   concretizer:
-     splice:
-       explicit:
-       - target: mpi
-         replacement: mpich/abcdef
-         transitive: false
-
-.. warning::
-
-   When configuring an explicit splice, you as the user take on the
-   responsibility for ensuring ABI compatibility between the specs
-   matched by the target and the replacement you provide. If they are
-   not compatible, Spack will not warn you and your application will
-   fail to run.
-
-The ``target`` field of an explicit splice can be any abstract
-spec. The ``replacement`` field must be a spec that includes the hash
-of a concrete spec, and the replacement must either be the same
-package as the target, provide the virtual that is the target, or
-provide a virtual that the target provides. The ``transitive`` field
-is optional -- by default, splices will be transitive.
-
-.. note::
-
-   With explicit splices configured, it is possible for Spack to
-   concretize to a spec that does not satisfy the input. For example,
-   with the config above ``hdf5 ^mvapich2`` will concretize to user
-   ``mpich/abcdef`` instead of ``mvapich2`` as the MPI provider. Spack
-   will warn the user in this case, but will not fail the
-   concretization.
-
-.. _automatic_splicing:
-
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-Automatic Splicing
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-The Spack solver can be configured to do automatic splicing for
-ABI-compatible packages. Automatic splices are enabled in the concretizer
-config section
-
-.. code-block:: yaml
-
-   concretizer:
-     splice:
-       automatic: True
-
-Packages can include ABI-compatibility information using the
-``can_splice`` directive. See :ref:`the packaging
-guide<abi_compatibility>` for instructions on specifying ABI
-compatibility using the ``can_splice`` directive.
-
-.. note::
-
-   The ``can_splice`` directive is experimental and may be changed in
-   future versions.
-
-When automatic splicing is enabled, the concretizer will combine any
-number of ABI-compatible specs if possible to reuse installed packages
-and packages available from binary caches. The end result of these
-specs is equivalent to a series of transitive/intransitive splices,
-but the series may be non-obvious.

lib/spack/docs/build_systems.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 
@@ -63,6 +64,7 @@ on these ideas for each distinct build system that Spack supports:
    build_systems/cudapackage
    build_systems/custompackage
    build_systems/inteloneapipackage
+   build_systems/intelpackage
    build_systems/rocmpackage
    build_systems/sourceforgepackage
 
@@ -83,7 +85,7 @@ packages. You can quickly find examples by running:
 
 .. code-block:: console
 
-   $ cd var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages
+   $ cd var/spack/repos/builtin/packages
    $ grep -l QMakePackage */package.py
 
 

lib/spack/docs/build_systems/autotoolspackage.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 
@@ -146,15 +147,6 @@ example, the ``bash`` shell is used to run the ``autogen.sh`` script.
    def autoreconf(self, spec, prefix):
        which("bash")("autogen.sh")
 
-If the ``package.py`` has build instructions in a separate
-:ref:`builder class <multiple_build_systems>`, the signature for a phase changes slightly:
-
-.. code-block:: python
-
-   class AutotoolsBuilder(AutotoolsBuilder):
-      def autoreconf(self, pkg, spec, prefix):
-         which("bash")("autogen.sh")
-
 """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
 patching configure or Makefile.in files
 """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
@@ -272,9 +264,9 @@ often lists dependencies and the flags needed to locate them. The
 "environment variables" section lists environment variables that the
 build system uses to pass flags to the compiler and linker.
 
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-Adding flags to configure
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+Addings flags to configure
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
 For most of the flags you encounter, you will want a variant to
 optionally enable/disable them. You can then optionally pass these
@@ -285,7 +277,7 @@ function like so:
 
    def configure_args(self):
        args = []
-       ...
+
        if self.spec.satisfies("+mpi"):
            args.append("--enable-mpi")
        else:
@@ -299,10 +291,7 @@ Alternatively, you can use the :ref:`enable_or_disable  <autotools_enable_or_dis
 .. code-block:: python
 
    def configure_args(self):
-       args = []
-       ...
-       args.extend(self.enable_or_disable("mpi"))
-       return args
+       return [self.enable_or_disable("mpi")]
 
 
 Note that we are explicitly disabling MPI support if it is not
@@ -347,14 +336,7 @@ typically used to enable or disable some feature within the package.
        default=False,
        description="Memchecker support for debugging [degrades performance]"
    )
-   ...
-
-   def configure_args(self):
-       args = []
-       ...
-       args.extend(self.enable_or_disable("memchecker"))
-
-       return args
+   config_args.extend(self.enable_or_disable("memchecker"))
 
 In this example, specifying the variant ``+memchecker`` will generate
 the following configuration options:

lib/spack/docs/build_systems/bundlepackage.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 
@@ -27,10 +28,10 @@ it could use the ``require`` directive as follows:
 
 Spack has a number of built-in bundle packages, such as:
 
-* `AmdAocl <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/amd_aocl/package.py>`_
-* `EcpProxyApps <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/ecp_proxy_apps/package.py>`_
-* `Libc <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/libc/package.py>`_
-* `Xsdk <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/xsdk/package.py>`_
+* `AmdAocl <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/builtin/packages/amd-aocl/package.py>`_
+* `EcpProxyApps <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/builtin/packages/ecp-proxy-apps/package.py>`_
+* `Libc <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/builtin/packages/libc/package.py>`_
+* `Xsdk <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/builtin/packages/xsdk/package.py>`_
 
 where ``Xsdk`` also inherits from ``CudaPackage`` and ``RocmPackage`` and
 ``Libc`` is a virtual bundle package for the C standard library.

lib/spack/docs/build_systems/cachedcmakepackage.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 

lib/spack/docs/build_systems/cmakepackage.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 
@@ -199,7 +200,7 @@ a variant to control this:
 However, not every CMake package accepts all four of these options.
 Grep the ``CMakeLists.txt`` file to see if the default values are
 missing or replaced. For example, the
-`dealii <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/dealii/package.py>`_
+`dealii <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/builtin/packages/dealii/package.py>`_
 package overrides the default variant with:
 
 .. code-block:: python
@@ -249,7 +250,7 @@ generator is Ninja. To switch to the Ninja generator, simply add:
 
 .. code-block:: python
 
-   generator("ninja")
+   generator = "Ninja"
 
 
 ``CMakePackage`` defaults to "Unix Makefiles". If you switch to the

lib/spack/docs/build_systems/cudapackage.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 

lib/spack/docs/build_systems/custompackage.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 
@@ -20,8 +21,8 @@ start is to look at the definitions of other build systems. This guide
 focuses mostly on how Spack's build systems work.
 
 In this guide, we will be using the
-`perl <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/perl/package.py>`_ and
-`cmake <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/cmake/package.py>`_
+`perl <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/builtin/packages/perl/package.py>`_ and
+`cmake <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/builtin/packages/cmake/package.py>`_
 packages as examples. ``perl``'s build system is a hand-written
 ``Configure`` shell script, while ``cmake`` bootstraps itself during
 installation. Both of these packages require custom build systems.
@@ -56,13 +57,13 @@ If you look at the ``perl`` package, you'll see:
 
 .. code-block:: python
 
-   phases = ("configure", "build", "install")
+   phases = ["configure", "build", "install"]
 
 Similarly, ``cmake`` defines:
 
 .. code-block:: python
 
-   phases = ("bootstrap", "build", "install")
+   phases = ["bootstrap", "build", "install"]
 
 If we look at the ``cmake`` example, this tells Spack's ``PackageBase``
 class to run the ``bootstrap``, ``build``, and ``install`` functions
@@ -129,19 +130,14 @@ before or after a particular phase. For example, in ``perl``, we see:
 
    @run_after("install")
    def install_cpanm(self):
-        spec = self.spec
-        maker = make
-        cpan_dir = join_path("cpanm", "cpanm")
-        if sys.platform == "win32":
-            maker = nmake
-            cpan_dir = join_path(self.stage.source_path, cpan_dir)
-            cpan_dir = windows_sfn(cpan_dir)
-        if "+cpanm" in spec:
-            with working_dir(cpan_dir):
-                perl = spec["perl"].command
-                perl("Makefile.PL")
-                maker()
-                maker("install")
+       spec = self.spec
+
+       if spec.satisfies("+cpanm"):
+           with working_dir(join_path("cpanm", "cpanm")):
+               perl = spec["perl"].command
+               perl("Makefile.PL")
+               make()
+               make("install")
 
 This extra step automatically installs ``cpanm`` in addition to the
 base Perl installation.
@@ -180,14 +176,8 @@ In the ``perl`` package, we can see:
 
    @run_after("build")
    @on_package_attributes(run_tests=True)
-   def build_test(self):
-        if sys.platform == "win32":
-            win32_dir = os.path.join(self.stage.source_path, "win32")
-            win32_dir = windows_sfn(win32_dir)
-            with working_dir(win32_dir):
-                nmake("test", ignore_quotes=True)
-        else:
-            make("test")
+   def test(self):
+       make("test")
 
 As you can guess, this runs ``make test`` *after* building the package,
 if and only if testing is requested. Again, this is not specific to

lib/spack/docs/build_systems/inteloneapipackage.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 
@@ -24,7 +25,7 @@ use Spack to build packages with the tools.
 The Spack Python class ``IntelOneapiPackage`` is a base class that is
 used by ``IntelOneapiCompilers``, ``IntelOneapiMkl``,
 ``IntelOneapiTbb`` and other classes to implement the oneAPI
-packages. Search for ``oneAPI`` at `packages.spack.io <https://packages.spack.io>`_ for the full
+packages. Search for ``oneAPI`` at `<packages.spack.io>`_ for the full
 list of available oneAPI packages, or use::
 
   spack list -d oneAPI
@@ -33,6 +34,9 @@ For more information on a specific package, do::
 
   spack info --all <package-name>
 
+Intel no longer releases new versions of Parallel Studio, which can be
+used in Spack via the :ref:`intelpackage`. All of its components can
+now be found in oneAPI.
 
 Examples
 ========
@@ -47,8 +51,34 @@ Install the oneAPI compilers::
 
   spack install intel-oneapi-compilers
 
+Add the compilers to your ``compilers.yaml`` so spack can use them::
 
-To build the ``patchelf`` Spack package with ``icx``, do::
+  spack compiler add `spack location -i intel-oneapi-compilers`/compiler/latest/bin
+
+Verify that the compilers are available::
+
+  spack compiler list
+
+Note that 2024 and later releases do not include ``icc``. Before 2024,
+the package layout was different::
+  
+  spack compiler add `spack location -i intel-oneapi-compilers`/compiler/latest/linux/bin/intel64
+  spack compiler add `spack location -i intel-oneapi-compilers`/compiler/latest/linux/bin
+
+The ``intel-oneapi-compilers`` package includes 2 families of
+compilers:
+
+* ``intel``: ``icc``, ``icpc``, ``ifort``. Intel's *classic*
+  compilers. 2024 and later releases contain ``ifort``, but not
+  ``icc`` and ``icpc``.
+* ``oneapi``: ``icx``, ``icpx``, ``ifx``. Intel's new generation of
+  compilers based on LLVM.
+
+To build the ``patchelf`` Spack package with ``icc``, do::
+
+  spack install patchelf%intel
+
+To build with with ``icx``, do ::
 
   spack install patchelf%oneapi
 
@@ -63,6 +93,15 @@ Install the oneAPI compilers::
 
   spack install intel-oneapi-compilers
 
+Add the compilers to your ``compilers.yaml`` so Spack can use them::
+
+  spack compiler add `spack location -i intel-oneapi-compilers`/compiler/latest/bin
+  spack compiler add `spack location -i intel-oneapi-compilers`/compiler/latest/bin
+
+Verify that the compilers are available::
+
+  spack compiler list
+
 Clone `spack-configs <https://github.com/spack/spack-configs>`_ repo and activate Intel oneAPI CPU environment::
 
   git clone https://github.com/spack/spack-configs
@@ -111,7 +150,7 @@ Compilers
 ---------
 
 To use the compilers, add some information about the installation to
-``packages.yaml``. For most users, it is sufficient to do::
+``compilers.yaml``. For most users, it is sufficient to do::
 
   spack compiler add /opt/intel/oneapi/compiler/latest/bin
 
@@ -119,7 +158,7 @@ Adapt the paths above if you did not install the tools in the default
 location. After adding the compilers, using them is the same
 as if you had installed the ``intel-oneapi-compilers`` package.
 Another option is to manually add the configuration to
-``packages.yaml`` as described in :ref:`Compiler configuration
+``compilers.yaml`` as described in :ref:`Compiler configuration
 <compiler-config>`.
 
 Before 2024, the directory structure was different::
@@ -162,5 +201,15 @@ You can also use Spack-installed libraries. For example::
 Will update your environment CPATH, LIBRARY_PATH, and other
 environment variables for building an application with oneMKL.
 
+More information
+================
+
+This section describes basic use of oneAPI, especially if it has
+changed compared to Parallel Studio. See :ref:`intelpackage` for more
+information on :ref:`intel-virtual-packages`,
+:ref:`intel-unrelated-packages`,
+:ref:`intel-integrating-external-libraries`, and
+:ref:`using-mkl-tips`.
+
 
 .. _`Intel installers`: https://software.intel.com/content/www/us/en/develop/documentation/installation-guide-for-intel-oneapi-toolkits-linux/top.html

lib/spack/docs/build_systems/luapackage.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 

lib/spack/docs/build_systems/makefilepackage.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 
@@ -87,18 +88,18 @@ command-line. However, Makefiles that use ``?=`` for assignment honor
 environment variables. Since Spack already sets ``CC``, ``CXX``, ``F77``,
 and ``FC``, you won't need to worry about setting these variables. If
 there are any other variables you need to set, you can do this in the
-``setup_build_environment`` method:
+``edit`` method:
 
 .. code-block:: python
 
-   def setup_build_environment(self, env: EnvironmentModifications) -> None:
-       env.set("PREFIX", prefix)
-       env.set("BLASLIB", spec["blas"].libs.ld_flags)
+   def edit(self, spec, prefix):
+       env["PREFIX"] = prefix
+       env["BLASLIB"] = spec["blas"].libs.ld_flags
 
 
-`cbench <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/cbench/package.py>`_
+`cbench <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/builtin/packages/cbench/package.py>`_
 is a good example of a simple package that does this, while
-`esmf <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/esmf/package.py>`_
+`esmf <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/builtin/packages/esmf/package.py>`_
 is a good example of a more complex package.
 
 """"""""""""""""""""""
@@ -129,7 +130,7 @@ If you do need access to the spec, you can create a property like so:
        ]
 
 
-`cloverleaf <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/cloverleaf/package.py>`_
+`cloverleaf <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/builtin/packages/cloverleaf/package.py>`_
 is a good example of a package that uses this strategy.
 
 """""""""""""
@@ -139,7 +140,7 @@ Edit Makefile
 Some Makefiles are just plain stubborn and will ignore command-line
 variables. The only way to ensure that these packages build correctly
 is to directly edit the Makefile. Spack provides a ``FileFilter`` class
-and a ``filter`` method to help with this. For example:
+and a ``filter_file`` method to help with this. For example:
 
 .. code-block:: python
 
@@ -152,7 +153,7 @@ and a ``filter`` method to help with this. For example:
        makefile.filter(r"^\s*FC\s*=.*",  f"FC = {spack_fc}")
 
 
-`stream <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/stream/package.py>`_
+`stream <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/builtin/packages/stream/package.py>`_
 is a good example of a package that involves editing a Makefile to set
 the appropriate variables.
 
@@ -192,7 +193,7 @@ well for storing variables:
                inc.write(f"{key} = {config[key]}\n")
 
 
-`elk <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/elk/package.py>`_
+`elk <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/builtin/packages/elk/package.py>`_
 is a good example of a package that uses a dictionary to store
 configuration variables.
 
@@ -213,7 +214,7 @@ them in a list:
                inc.write(f"{var}\n")
 
 
-`hpl <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/hpl/package.py>`_
+`hpl <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/builtin/packages/hpl/package.py>`_
 is a good example of a package that uses a list to store
 configuration variables.
 

lib/spack/docs/build_systems/mavenpackage.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 

lib/spack/docs/build_systems/mesonpackage.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 

lib/spack/docs/build_systems/octavepackage.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 

lib/spack/docs/build_systems/perlpackage.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 
@@ -172,72 +173,6 @@ arguments to ``Makefile.PL`` or ``Build.PL`` by overriding
        ]
 
 
-^^^^^^^
-Testing
-^^^^^^^
-
-``PerlPackage`` provides a simple stand-alone test of the successfully
-installed package to confirm that installed perl module(s) can be used.
-These tests can be performed any time after the installation using
-``spack -v test run``. (For more information on the command, see 
-:ref:`cmd-spack-test-run`.)
-
-The base class automatically detects perl modules based on the presence
-of ``*.pm`` files under the package's library directory. For example,
-the files under ``perl-bignum``'s perl library are:
-
-.. code-block:: console
-
-   $ find . -name "*.pm"
-   ./bigfloat.pm
-   ./bigrat.pm
-   ./Math/BigFloat/Trace.pm
-   ./Math/BigInt/Trace.pm
-   ./Math/BigRat/Trace.pm
-   ./bigint.pm
-   ./bignum.pm
-
-
-which results in the package having the ``use_modules`` property containing:
-
-.. code-block:: python
-
-   use_modules = [
-       "bigfloat",
-       "bigrat",
-       "Math::BigFloat::Trace",
-       "Math::BigInt::Trace",
-       "Math::BigRat::Trace",
-       "bigint",
-       "bignum",
-   ]
-
-.. note::
-
-   This list can often be used to catch missing dependencies.
-
-If the list is somehow wrong, you can provide the names of the modules
-yourself by overriding ``use_modules`` like so:
-
- .. code-block:: python
-
-    use_modules = ["bigfloat", "bigrat", "bigint", "bignum"]
-
-If you only want a subset of the automatically detected modules to be
-tested, you could instead define the ``skip_modules`` property on the
-package. So, instead of overriding ``use_modules`` as shown above, you
-could define the following:
-
- .. code-block:: python
-
-    skip_modules = [
-        "Math::BigFloat::Trace",
-        "Math::BigInt::Trace",
-        "Math::BigRat::Trace",
-    ]
-
-for the same use tests.
-
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 Alternatives to Spack
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

lib/spack/docs/build_systems/pythonpackage.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 
@@ -717,45 +718,23 @@ command-line tool, or C/C++/Fortran program with optional Python
 modules? The former should be prepended with ``py-``, while the
 latter should not.
 
-""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
-``extends`` vs. ``depends_on``
-""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
+""""""""""""""""""""""
+extends vs. depends_on
+""""""""""""""""""""""
 
+This is very similar to the naming dilemma above, with a slight twist.
 As mentioned in the :ref:`Packaging Guide <packaging_extensions>`,
 ``extends`` and ``depends_on`` are very similar, but ``extends`` ensures
 that the extension and extendee share the same prefix in views.
 This allows the user to import a Python module without
 having to add that module to ``PYTHONPATH``.
 
-Additionally, ``extends("python")`` adds a dependency on the package
-``python-venv``. This improves isolation from the system, whether
-it's during the build or at runtime: user and system site packages
-cannot accidentally be used by any package that ``extends("python")``.
-
-As a rule of thumb: if a package does not install any Python modules
-of its own, and merely puts a Python script in the ``bin`` directory,
-then there is no need for ``extends``. If the package installs modules
-in the ``site-packages`` directory, it requires ``extends``.
-
-"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
-Executing ``python`` during the build
-"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
-
-Whenever you need to execute a Python command or pass the path of the
-Python interpreter to the build system, it is best to use the global
-variable ``python`` directly. For example:
-
-.. code-block:: python
-
-    @run_before("install")
-    def recythonize(self):
-        python("setup.py", "clean")  # use the `python` global
-
-As mentioned in the previous section, ``extends("python")`` adds an
-automatic dependency on ``python-venv``, which is a virtual environment
-that guarantees build isolation. The ``python`` global always refers to
-the correct Python interpreter, whether the package uses ``extends("python")``
-or ``depends_on("python")``.
+When deciding between ``extends`` and ``depends_on``, the best rule of
+thumb is to check the installation prefix. If Python libraries are
+installed to ``<prefix>/lib/pythonX.Y/site-packages``, then you
+should use ``extends``. If Python libraries are installed elsewhere
+or the only files that get installed reside in ``<prefix>/bin``, then
+don't use ``extends``.
 
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 Alternatives to Spack

lib/spack/docs/build_systems/qmakepackage.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 
@@ -24,14 +25,6 @@ QMake does not appear to have a standardized way of specifying
 the installation directory, so you may have to set environment
 variables or edit ``*.pro`` files to get things working properly.
 
-QMake packages will depend on the virtual ``qmake`` package which
-is provided by multiple versions of Qt: ``qt`` provides Qt up to
-Qt5, and ``qt-base`` provides Qt from version Qt6 onwards. This
-split was motivated by the desire to split the single Qt package
-into its components to allow for more fine-grained installation.
-To depend on a specific version, refer to the documentation on
-:ref:`virtual-dependencies`.
-
 ^^^^^^
 Phases
 ^^^^^^

lib/spack/docs/build_systems/racketpackage.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 

lib/spack/docs/build_systems/rocmpackage.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 
@@ -12,7 +13,8 @@ The ``ROCmPackage`` is not a build system but a helper package. Like ``CudaPacka
 it provides standard variants, dependencies, and conflicts to facilitate building
 packages using GPUs though for AMD in this case.
 
-You can find the source for this package (and suggestions for setting up your ``packages.yaml`` file) at
+You can find the source for this package (and suggestions for setting up your
+``compilers.yaml`` and ``packages.yaml`` files) at
 `<https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/lib/spack/spack/build_systems/rocm.py>`__.
 
 ^^^^^^^^

lib/spack/docs/build_systems/rpackage.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 
@@ -39,7 +40,7 @@ for "CRAN <package-name>" and you should quickly find what you want.
 If it isn't on CRAN, try Bioconductor, another common R repository.
 
 For the purposes of this tutorial, we will be walking through
-`r-caret <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/r_caret/package.py>`_
+`r-caret <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/builtin/packages/r-caret/package.py>`_
 as an example. If you search for "CRAN caret", you will quickly find what
 you are looking for at https://cran.r-project.org/package=caret.
 https://cran.r-project.org is the main CRAN website. However, CRAN also
@@ -337,7 +338,7 @@ Non-R dependencies
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
 Some packages depend on non-R libraries for linking. Check out the
-`r-stringi <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/r_stringi/package.py>`_
+`r-stringi <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/builtin/packages/r-stringi/package.py>`_
 package for an example: https://cloud.r-project.org/package=stringi.
 If you search for the text "SystemRequirements", you will see:
 
@@ -352,7 +353,7 @@ Passing arguments to the installation
 
 Some R packages provide additional flags that can be passed to
 ``R CMD INSTALL``, often to locate non-R dependencies.
-`r-rmpi <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/r_rmpi/package.py>`_
+`r-rmpi <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/builtin/packages/r-rmpi/package.py>`_
 is an example of this, and flags for linking to an MPI library. To pass
 these to the installation command, you can override ``configure_args``
 like so:

lib/spack/docs/build_systems/rubypackage.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 

lib/spack/docs/build_systems/sconspackage.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 
@@ -48,14 +49,14 @@ following phases:
 #. ``install`` - install the package
 
 Package developers often add unit tests that can be invoked with
-``scons test`` or ``scons check``. Spack provides a ``build_test`` method
+``scons test`` or ``scons check``. Spack provides a ``test`` method
 to handle this. Since we don't know which one the package developer
-chose, the ``build_test`` method does nothing by default, but can be easily
+chose, the ``test`` method does nothing by default, but can be easily
 overridden like so:
 
 .. code-block:: python
 
-   def build_test(self):
+   def test(self):
        scons("check")
 
 
@@ -104,10 +105,10 @@ Finding available options
 
 The first place to start when looking for a list of valid options to
 build a package is ``scons --help``. Some packages like
-`kahip <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/kahip/package.py>`_
+`kahip <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/builtin/packages/kahip/package.py>`_
 don't bother overwriting the default SCons help message, so this isn't
 very useful, but other packages like
-`serf <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/serf/package.py>`_
+`serf <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/builtin/packages/serf/package.py>`_
 print a list of valid command-line variables:
 
 .. code-block:: console
@@ -177,7 +178,7 @@ print a list of valid command-line variables:
 
 
 More advanced packages like
-`cantera <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/cantera/package.py>`_
+`cantera <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/builtin/packages/cantera/package.py>`_
 use ``scons --help`` to print a list of subcommands:
 
 .. code-block:: console

lib/spack/docs/build_systems/sippackage.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 

lib/spack/docs/build_systems/sourceforgepackage.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 

lib/spack/docs/build_systems/wafpackage.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 

lib/spack/docs/chain.rst

@@ -1,17 +1,17 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 
 .. chain:
 
-=============================================
-Chaining Spack Installations (upstreams.yaml)
-=============================================
+============================
+Chaining Spack Installations
+============================
 
 You can point your Spack installation to another installation to use any
 packages that are installed there. To register the other Spack instance,
-you can add it as an entry to ``upstreams.yaml`` at any of the
-:ref:`configuration-scopes`:
+you can add it as an entry to ``upstreams.yaml``:
 
 .. code-block:: yaml
 
@@ -22,8 +22,7 @@ you can add it as an entry to ``upstreams.yaml`` at any of the
       install_tree: /path/to/another/spack/opt/spack
 
 ``install_tree`` must point to the ``opt/spack`` directory inside of the
-Spack base directory, or the location of the ``install_tree`` defined
-in :ref:`config.yaml <config-yaml>`.
+Spack base directory.
 
 Once the upstream Spack instance has been added, ``spack find`` will
 automatically check the upstream instance when querying installed packages,

lib/spack/docs/conf.py

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-# Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+# Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+# Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 #
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 
@@ -198,41 +199,22 @@ def setup(sphinx):
     ("py:class", "contextlib.contextmanager"),
     ("py:class", "module"),
     ("py:class", "_io.BufferedReader"),
-    ("py:class", "_io.BytesIO"),
     ("py:class", "unittest.case.TestCase"),
     ("py:class", "_frozen_importlib_external.SourceFileLoader"),
     ("py:class", "clingo.Control"),
     ("py:class", "six.moves.urllib.parse.ParseResult"),
     ("py:class", "TextIO"),
     ("py:class", "hashlib._Hash"),
-    ("py:class", "concurrent.futures._base.Executor"),
     # Spack classes that are private and we don't want to expose
     ("py:class", "spack.provider_index._IndexBase"),
     ("py:class", "spack.repo._PrependFileLoader"),
-    ("py:class", "spack.build_systems._checks.BuilderWithDefaults"),
+    ("py:class", "spack.build_systems._checks.BaseBuilder"),
     # Spack classes that intersphinx is unable to resolve
     ("py:class", "spack.version.StandardVersion"),
     ("py:class", "spack.spec.DependencySpec"),
-    ("py:class", "spack.spec.ArchSpec"),
     ("py:class", "spack.spec.InstallStatus"),
     ("py:class", "spack.spec.SpecfileReaderBase"),
     ("py:class", "spack.install_test.Pb"),
-    ("py:class", "spack.filesystem_view.SimpleFilesystemView"),
-    ("py:class", "spack.traverse.EdgeAndDepth"),
-    ("py:class", "archspec.cpu.microarchitecture.Microarchitecture"),
-    ("py:class", "spack.compiler.CompilerCache"),
-    # TypeVar that is not handled correctly
-    ("py:class", "llnl.util.lang.T"),
-    ("py:class", "llnl.util.lang.KT"),
-    ("py:class", "llnl.util.lang.VT"),
-    ("py:class", "llnl.util.lang.K"),
-    ("py:class", "llnl.util.lang.V"),
-    ("py:class", "llnl.util.lang.ClassPropertyType"),
-    ("py:obj", "llnl.util.lang.KT"),
-    ("py:obj", "llnl.util.lang.VT"),
-    ("py:obj", "llnl.util.lang.ClassPropertyType"),
-    ("py:obj", "llnl.util.lang.K"),
-    ("py:obj", "llnl.util.lang.V"),
 ]
 
 # The reST default role (used for this markup: `text`) to use for all documents.

lib/spack/docs/config_yaml.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 
@@ -25,23 +26,14 @@ These settings can be overridden in ``etc/spack/config.yaml`` or
 The location where Spack will install packages and their dependencies.
 Default is ``$spack/opt/spack``.
 
----------------
-``projections``
----------------
+---------------------------------------------------
+``install_hash_length`` and ``install_path_scheme``
+---------------------------------------------------
 
-.. warning::
-
-   Modifying projections of the install tree is strongly discouraged.
-
-By default Spack installs all packages into a unique directory relative to the install
-tree root with the following layout:
-
-.. code-block::
-
-   {architecture}/{compiler.name}-{compiler.version}/{name}-{version}-{hash}
-
-In very rare cases, it may be necessary to reduce the length of this path. For example,
-very old versions of the Intel compiler are known to segfault when input paths are too long:
+The default Spack installation path can be very long and can create problems
+for scripts with hardcoded shebangs. Additionally, when using the Intel
+compiler, and if there is also a long list of dependencies, the compiler may
+segfault. If you see the following:
 
      .. code-block:: console
 
@@ -49,25 +41,36 @@ very old versions of the Intel compiler are known to segfault when input paths a
        ** Segmentation violation signal raised. **
        Access violation or stack overflow. Please contact Intel Support for assistance.
 
-Another case is Python and R packages with many runtime dependencies, which can result
-in very large ``PYTHONPATH`` and ``R_LIBS`` environment variables. This can cause the
-``execve`` system call to fail with ``E2BIG``, preventing processes from starting.
+it may be because variables containing dependency specs may be too long. There
+are two parameters to help with long path names. Firstly, the
+``install_hash_length`` parameter can set the length of the hash in the
+installation path from 1 to 32. The default path uses the full 32 characters.
 
-For this reason, Spack allows users to modify the installation layout through custom
-projections. For example
+Secondly, it is also possible to modify the entire installation
+scheme. By default Spack uses
+``{architecture}/{compiler.name}-{compiler.version}/{name}-{version}-{hash}``
+where the tokens that are available for use in this directive are the
+same as those understood by the :meth:`~spack.spec.Spec.format`
+method. Using this parameter it is possible to use a different package
+layout or reduce the depth of the installation paths. For example
 
      .. code-block:: yaml
 
        config:
-         install_tree:
-           root: $spack/opt/spack
-           projections:
-             all: "{name}/{version}/{hash:16}"
+         install_path_scheme: '{name}/{version}/{hash:7}'
 
-would install packages into sub-directories using only the package name, version and a
-hash length of 16 characters.
+would install packages into sub-directories using only the package
+name, version and a hash length of 7 characters.
 
-Notice that reducing the hash length increases the likelihood of hash collisions.
+When using either parameter to set the hash length it only affects the
+representation of the hash in the installation directory. You
+should be aware that the smaller the hash length the more likely
+naming conflicts will occur. These parameters are independent of those
+used to configure module names.
+
+.. warning:: Modifying the installation hash length or path scheme after
+   packages have been installed will prevent Spack from being
+   able to find the old installation directories.
 
 --------------------
 ``build_stage``
@@ -125,8 +128,6 @@ are stored in ``$spack/var/spack/cache``.  These are stored indefinitely
 by default. Can be purged with :ref:`spack clean --downloads
 <cmd-spack-clean>`.
 
-.. _Misc Cache:
-
 --------------------
 ``misc_cache``
 --------------------
@@ -144,26 +145,6 @@ hosts when making ``ssl`` connections.  Set to ``false`` to disable, and
 tools like ``curl`` will use their ``--insecure`` options.  Disabling
 this can expose you to attacks.  Use at your own risk.
 
---------------------
-``ssl_certs``
---------------------
-
-Path to custom certificats for SSL verification. The value can be a
-filesytem path, or an environment variable that expands to an absolute file path.
-The default value is set to the environment variable ``SSL_CERT_FILE``
-to use the same syntax used by many other applications that automatically
-detect custom certificates.
-When ``url_fetch_method:curl`` the ``config:ssl_certs`` should resolve to
-a single file.  Spack will then set the environment variable ``CURL_CA_BUNDLE``
-in the subprocess calling ``curl``. If additional ``curl`` arguments are required,
-they can be set in the config, e.g. ``url_fetch_method:'curl -k -q'``.
-If ``url_fetch_method:urllib`` then files and directories are supported i.e.
-``config:ssl_certs:$SSL_CERT_FILE`` or ``config:ssl_certs:$SSL_CERT_DIR``
-will work.
-In all cases the expanded path must be absolute for Spack to use the certificates.
-Certificates relative to an environment can be created by prepending the path variable
-with the Spack configuration variable``$env``.
-
 --------------------
 ``checksum``
 --------------------
@@ -337,52 +318,3 @@ create a new alias called ``inst`` that will always call ``install -v``:
 
    aliases:
      inst: install -v
-
--------------------------------
-``concretization_cache:enable``
--------------------------------
-
-When set to ``true``, Spack will utilize a cache of solver outputs from
-successful concretization runs. When enabled, Spack will check the concretization
-cache prior to running the solver. If a previous request to solve a given
-problem is present in the cache, Spack will load the concrete specs and other
-solver data from the cache rather than running the solver. Specs not previously
-concretized will be added to the cache on a successful solve. The cache additionally
-holds solver statistics, so commands like ``spack solve`` will still return information
-about the run that produced a given solver result.
-
-This cache is a subcache of the :ref:`Misc Cache` and as such will be cleaned when the Misc
-Cache is cleaned.
-
-When ``false`` or ommitted, all concretization requests will be performed from scatch
-
-----------------------------
-``concretization_cache:url``
-----------------------------
-
-Path to the location where Spack will root the concretization cache. Currently this only supports
-paths on the local filesystem.
-
-Default location is under the :ref:`Misc Cache` at: ``$misc_cache/concretization``
-
-------------------------------------
-``concretization_cache:entry_limit``
-------------------------------------
-
-Sets a limit on the number of concretization results that Spack will cache. The limit is evaluated
-after each concretization run; if Spack has stored more results than the limit allows, the
-oldest concretization results are pruned until 10% of the limit has been removed.
-
-Setting this value to 0 disables the automatic pruning. It is expected users will be
-responsible for maintaining this cache.
-
------------------------------------
-``concretization_cache:size_limit``
------------------------------------
-
-Sets a limit on the size of the concretization cache in bytes. The limit is evaluated
-after each concretization run; if Spack has stored more results than the limit allows, the
-oldest concretization results are pruned until 10% of the limit has been removed.
-
-Setting this value to 0 disables the automatic pruning. It is expected users will be
-responsible for maintaining this cache.

lib/spack/docs/configuration.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 
@@ -11,10 +12,9 @@ Configuration Files
 Spack has many configuration files.  Here is a quick list of them, in
 case you want to skip directly to specific docs:
 
-* :ref:`packages.yaml <compiler-config>`
+* :ref:`compilers.yaml <compiler-config>`
 * :ref:`concretizer.yaml <concretizer-options>`
 * :ref:`config.yaml <config-yaml>`
-* :ref:`include.yaml <include-yaml>`
 * :ref:`mirrors.yaml <mirrors>`
 * :ref:`modules.yaml <modules>`
 * :ref:`packages.yaml <packages-config>`
@@ -46,12 +46,6 @@ Each Spack configuration file is nested under a top-level section
 corresponding to its name. So, ``config.yaml`` starts with ``config:``,
 ``mirrors.yaml`` starts with ``mirrors:``, etc.
 
-.. tip::
-
-   Validation and autocompletion of Spack config files can be enabled in
-   your editor with the YAML language server. See `spack/schemas
-   <https://github.com/spack/schemas>`_ for more information.
-
 .. _configuration-scopes:
 
 --------------------
@@ -79,12 +73,9 @@ are six configuration scopes. From lowest to highest:
    Spack instance per project) or for site-wide settings on a multi-user
    machine (e.g., for a common Spack instance).
 
-#. **plugin**: Read from a Python project's entry points. Settings here affect
-   all instances of Spack running with the same Python installation.  This scope takes higher precedence than site, system, and default scopes.
-
 #. **user**: Stored in the home directory: ``~/.spack/``. These settings
    affect all instances of Spack and take higher precedence than site,
-   system, plugin, or defaults scopes.
+   system, or defaults scopes.
 
 #. **custom**: Stored in a custom directory specified by ``--config-scope``.
    If multiple scopes are listed on the command line, they are ordered
@@ -101,7 +92,7 @@ are six configuration scopes. From lowest to highest:
    precedence over all other scopes.
 
 Each configuration directory may contain several configuration files,
-such as ``config.yaml``, ``packages.yaml``, or ``mirrors.yaml``.  When
+such as ``config.yaml``, ``compilers.yaml``, or ``mirrors.yaml``.  When
 configurations conflict, settings from higher-precedence scopes override
 lower-precedence settings.
 
@@ -205,45 +196,6 @@ with MPICH. You can create different configuration scopes for use with
                mpi: [mpich]
 
 
-.. _plugin-scopes:
-
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-Plugin scopes
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-.. note::
-   Python version >= 3.8 is required to enable plugin configuration.
-
-Spack can be made aware of configuration scopes that are installed as part of a python package.  To do so, register a function that returns the scope's path to the ``"spack.config"`` entry point.  Consider the Python package ``my_package`` that includes Spack configurations:
-
-.. code-block:: console
-
-  my-package/
-  ├── src
-  │   ├── my_package
-  │   │   ├── __init__.py
-  │   │   └── spack/
-  │   │   │   └── config.yaml
-  └── pyproject.toml
-
-adding the following to ``my_package``'s ``pyproject.toml`` will make ``my_package``'s ``spack/`` configurations visible to Spack when ``my_package`` is installed:
-
-.. code-block:: toml
-
-   [project.entry_points."spack.config"]
-   my_package = "my_package:get_config_path"
-
-The function ``my_package.get_extension_path`` in ``my_package/__init__.py`` might look like
-
-.. code-block:: python
-
-   import importlib.resources
-
-   def get_config_path():
-       dirname = importlib.resources.files("my_package").joinpath("spack")
-       if dirname.exists():
-           return str(dirname)
-
 .. _platform-scopes:
 
 ------------------------
@@ -287,7 +239,7 @@ When spack queries for configuration parameters, it searches in
 higher-precedence scopes first. So, settings in a higher-precedence file
 can override those with the same key in a lower-precedence one. For
 list-valued settings, Spack *prepends* higher-precedence settings to
-lower-precedence settings. Completely ignoring lower-precedence configuration
+lower-precedence settings. Completely ignoring higher-level configuration
 options is supported with the ``::`` notation for keys (see
 :ref:`config-overrides` below).
 
@@ -517,7 +469,6 @@ Spack understands over a dozen special variables. These are:
 * ``$target_family``. The target family for the current host, as
   detected by ArchSpec. E.g. ``x86_64`` or ``aarch64``.
 * ``$date``: the current date in the format YYYY-MM-DD
-* ``$spack_short_version``: the Spack version truncated to the first components.
 
 
 Note that, as with shell variables, you can write these as ``$varname``

lib/spack/docs/containers.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 
@@ -8,98 +9,34 @@
 Container Images
 ================
 
-Spack :ref:`environments` can easily be turned into container images. This page
-outlines two ways in which this can be done:
-
-1. By installing the environment on the host system, and copying the installations
-   into the container image. This approach does not require any tools like Docker
-   or Singularity to be installed.
-2. By generating a Docker or Singularity recipe that can be used to build the
-   container image. In this approach, Spack builds the software inside the
-   container runtime, not on the host system.
-
-The first approach is easiest if you already have an installed environment,
-the second approach gives more control over the container image.
-
----------------------------
-From existing installations
----------------------------
-
-If you already have a Spack environment installed on your system, you can
-share the binaries as an OCI compatible container image. To get started you
-just have to configure and OCI registry and run ``spack buildcache push``.
-
-.. code-block:: console
-  
-   # Create and install an environment in the current directory
-   spack env create -d .
-   spack -e . add pkg-a pkg-b
-   spack -e . install
-
-   # Configure the registry
-   spack -e . mirror add --oci-username-variable REGISTRY_USER \
-                         --oci-password-variable REGISTRY_TOKEN \
-                        container-registry oci://example.com/name/image
-
-   # Push the image (do set REGISTRY_USER and REGISTRY_TOKEN)
-   spack -e . buildcache push --update-index --base-image ubuntu:22.04 --tag my_env container-registry
-
-The resulting container image can then be run as follows:
-
-.. code-block:: console
-
-   $ docker run -it example.com/name/image:my_env
-
-The image generated by Spack consists of the specified base image with each package from the
-environment as a separate layer on top. The image is minimal by construction, it only contains the
-environment roots and its runtime dependencies.
-
-.. note::
-
-  When using registries like GHCR and Docker Hub, the ``--oci-password`` flag is not
-  the password for your account, but a personal access token you need to generate separately.
-
-The specified ``--base-image`` should have a libc that is compatible with the host system.
-For example if your host system is Ubuntu 20.04, you can use ``ubuntu:20.04``, ``ubuntu:22.04``
-or newer: the libc in the container image must be at least the version of the host system,
-assuming ABI compatibility. It is also perfectly fine to use a completely different
-Linux distribution as long as the libc is compatible.
-
-For convenience, Spack also turns the OCI registry into a :ref:`build cache <binary_caches_oci>`,
-so that future ``spack install`` of the environment will simply pull the binaries from the
-registry instead of doing source builds. The flag ``--update-index`` is needed to make Spack
-take the build cache into account when concretizing.
-
-.. note::
-
-  When generating container images in CI, the approach above is recommended when CI jobs
-  already run in a sandboxed environment. You can simply use ``spack`` directly
-  in the CI job and push the resulting image to a registry. Subsequent CI jobs should
-  run faster because Spack can install from the same registry instead of rebuilding from
-  sources.
-
----------------------------------------------
-Generating recipes for Docker and Singularity
----------------------------------------------
-
-Apart from copying existing installations into container images, Spack can also
-generate recipes for container images. This is useful if you want to run Spack
-itself in a sandboxed environment instead of on the host system.
-
-Since recipes need a little bit more boilerplate than
+Spack :ref:`environments` are a great tool to create container images, but
+preparing one that is suitable for production requires some more boilerplate
+than just:
 
 .. code-block:: docker
 
    COPY spack.yaml /environment
    RUN spack -e /environment install
 
-Spack provides a command to generate customizable recipes for container images. Customizations
-include minimizing the size of the image, installing packages in the base image using the system
-package manager, and setting up a proper entrypoint to run the image.
+Additional actions may be needed to minimize the size of the
+container, or to update the system software that is installed in the base
+image, or to set up a proper entrypoint to run the image. These tasks are
+usually both necessary and repetitive, so Spack comes with a command
+to generate recipes for container images starting from a ``spack.yaml``.
 
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+.. seealso::
+
+  This page is a reference for generating recipes to build container images.
+  It means that your environment is built from scratch inside the container
+  runtime.
+
+  Since v0.21, Spack can also create container images from existing package installations
+  on your host system. See :ref:`binary_caches_oci` for more information on
+  that topic.
+
+--------------------
 A Quick Introduction
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+--------------------
 
 Consider having a Spack environment like the following:
 
@@ -110,8 +47,8 @@ Consider having a Spack environment like the following:
      - gromacs+mpi
      - mpich
 
-Producing a ``Dockerfile`` from it is as simple as changing directories to
-where the ``spack.yaml`` file is stored and running the following command:
+Producing a ``Dockerfile`` from it is as simple as moving to the directory
+where the ``spack.yaml`` file is stored and giving the following command:
 
 .. code-block:: console
 
@@ -177,9 +114,9 @@ configuration are discussed in details in the sections below.
 
 .. _container_spack_images:
 
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+--------------------------
 Spack Images on Docker Hub
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+--------------------------
 
 Docker images with Spack preinstalled and ready to be used are
 built when a release is tagged, or nightly on ``develop``. The images
@@ -195,18 +132,21 @@ The OS that are currently supported are summarized in the table below:
    * - Operating System
      - Base Image
      - Spack Image
+   * - Ubuntu 18.04
+     - ``ubuntu:18.04``
+     - ``spack/ubuntu-bionic``
    * - Ubuntu 20.04
      - ``ubuntu:20.04``
      - ``spack/ubuntu-focal``
    * - Ubuntu 22.04
      - ``ubuntu:22.04``
      - ``spack/ubuntu-jammy``
-   * - Ubuntu 24.04
-     - ``ubuntu:24.04``
-     - ``spack/ubuntu-noble``
-   * - CentOS Stream9
-     - ``quay.io/centos/centos:stream9``
-     - ``spack/centos-stream9``
+   * - CentOS 7
+     - ``centos:7``
+     - ``spack/centos7``
+   * - CentOS Stream
+     - ``quay.io/centos/centos:stream``
+     - ``spack/centos-stream``
    * - openSUSE Leap
      - ``opensuse/leap``
      - ``spack/leap15``
@@ -225,12 +165,12 @@ The OS that are currently supported are summarized in the table below:
    * - Rocky Linux 9
      - ``rockylinux:9``
      - ``spack/rockylinux9``
-   * - Fedora Linux 39
-     - ``fedora:39``
-     - ``spack/fedora39``
-   * - Fedora Linux 40
-     - ``fedora:40``
-     - ``spack/fedora40``
+   * - Fedora Linux 37
+     - ``fedora:37``
+     - ``spack/fedora37``
+   * - Fedora Linux 38
+     - ``fedora:38``
+     - ``spack/fedora38``
 
 
 
@@ -246,9 +186,9 @@ by Spack use them as default base images for their ``build`` stage,
 even though handles to use custom base images provided by users are
 available to accommodate complex use cases.
 
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-Configuring the Container Recipe
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+---------------------------------
+Creating Images From Environments
+---------------------------------
 
 Any Spack Environment can be used for the automatic generation of container
 recipes. Sensible defaults are provided for things like the base image or the
@@ -289,18 +229,18 @@ under the ``container`` attribute of environments:
 
 A detailed description of the options available can be found in the :ref:`container_config_options` section.
 
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+-------------------
 Setting Base Images
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+-------------------
 
 The ``images`` subsection is used to select both the image where
 Spack builds the software and the image where the built software
 is installed. This attribute can be set in different ways and
 which one to use depends on the use case at hand.
 
-""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 Use Official Spack Images From Dockerhub
-""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
 To generate a recipe that uses an official Docker image from the
 Spack organization to build the software and the corresponding official OS image
@@ -505,9 +445,9 @@ responsibility to ensure that:
 Therefore we don't recommend its use in cases that can be otherwise
 covered by the simplified mode shown first.
 
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+----------------------------
 Singularity Definition Files
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+----------------------------
 
 In addition to producing recipes in ``Dockerfile`` format Spack can produce
 Singularity Definition Files by just changing the value of the ``format``
@@ -528,9 +468,9 @@ attribute:
 The minimum version of Singularity required to build a SIF (Singularity Image Format)
 image from the recipes generated by Spack is ``3.5.3``.
 
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+------------------------------
 Extending the Jinja2 Templates
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+------------------------------
 
 The Dockerfile and the Singularity definition file that Spack can generate are based on
 a few Jinja2 templates that are rendered according to the environment being containerized.
@@ -651,9 +591,9 @@ The recipe that gets generated contains the two extra instruction that we added
 
 .. _container_config_options:
 
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+-----------------------
 Configuration Reference
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+-----------------------
 
 The tables below describe all the configuration options that are currently supported
 to customize the generation of container recipes:
@@ -750,13 +690,13 @@ to customize the generation of container recipes:
      - Description string
      - No
 
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+--------------
 Best Practices
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+--------------
 
-"""
+^^^
 MPI
-"""
+^^^
 Due to the dependency on Fortran for OpenMPI, which is the spack default
 implementation, consider adding ``gfortran`` to the ``apt-get install`` list.
 
@@ -767,9 +707,9 @@ For execution on HPC clusters, it can be helpful to import the docker
 image into Singularity in order to start a program with an *external*
 MPI. Otherwise, also add ``openssh-server`` to the ``apt-get install`` list.
 
-""""
+^^^^
 CUDA
-""""
+^^^^
 Starting from CUDA 9.0, Nvidia provides minimal CUDA images based on
 Ubuntu. Please see `their instructions <https://hub.docker.com/r/nvidia/cuda/>`_.
 Avoid double-installing CUDA by adding, e.g.
@@ -788,9 +728,9 @@ to your ``spack.yaml``.
 Users will either need ``nvidia-docker`` or e.g. Singularity to *execute*
 device kernels.
 
-"""""""""""""""""""""""""
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 Docker on Windows and OSX
-"""""""""""""""""""""""""
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
 On Mac OS and Windows, docker runs on a hypervisor that is not allocated much
 memory by default, and some spack packages may fail to build due to lack of

lib/spack/docs/contribution_guide.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 
@@ -183,7 +184,7 @@ Style Tests
 
 Spack uses `Flake8 <http://flake8.pycqa.org/en/latest/>`_ to test for
 `PEP 8 <https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/>`_ conformance and
-`mypy <https://mypy.readthedocs.io/en/stable/>`_ for type checking. PEP 8 is
+`mypy <https://mypy.readthedocs.io/en/stable/>` for type checking. PEP 8 is
 a series of style guides for Python that provide suggestions for everything
 from variable naming to indentation. In order to limit the number of PRs that
 were mostly style changes, we decided to enforce PEP 8 conformance. Your PR
@@ -226,9 +227,9 @@ If all is well, you'll see something like this:
 
    Modified files:
 
-     var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/hdf5/package.py
-     var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/hdf/package.py
-     var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/netcdf/package.py
+     var/spack/repos/builtin/packages/hdf5/package.py
+     var/spack/repos/builtin/packages/hdf/package.py
+     var/spack/repos/builtin/packages/netcdf/package.py
    =======================================================
    Flake8 checks were clean.
 
@@ -236,9 +237,9 @@ However, if you aren't compliant with PEP 8, flake8 will complain:
 
 .. code-block:: console
 
-   var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/netcdf/package.py:26: [F401] 'os' imported but unused
-   var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/netcdf/package.py:61: [E303] too many blank lines (2)
-   var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/netcdf/package.py:106: [E501] line too long (92 > 79 characters)
+   var/spack/repos/builtin/packages/netcdf/package.py:26: [F401] 'os' imported but unused
+   var/spack/repos/builtin/packages/netcdf/package.py:61: [E303] too many blank lines (2)
+   var/spack/repos/builtin/packages/netcdf/package.py:106: [E501] line too long (92 > 79 characters)
    Flake8 found errors.
 
 Most of the error messages are straightforward, but if you don't understand what
@@ -280,7 +281,7 @@ All of these can be installed with Spack, e.g.
 
 .. warning::
 
-   Sphinx has `several required dependencies <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/py-sphinx/package.py>`_.
+   Sphinx has `several required dependencies <https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/var/spack/repos/builtin/packages/py-sphinx/package.py>`_.
    If you're using a ``python`` from Spack and you installed
    ``py-sphinx`` and friends, you need to make them available to your
    ``python``. The easiest way to do this is to run:
@@ -315,214 +316,6 @@ documentation tests to make sure there are no errors. Documentation changes can
 in some obfuscated warning messages. If you don't understand what they mean, feel free
 to ask when you submit your PR.
 
-.. _spack-builders-and-pipelines:
-
-^^^^^^^^^
-GitLab CI
-^^^^^^^^^
-
-""""""""""""""""""
-Build Cache Stacks
-""""""""""""""""""
-
-Spack welcomes the contribution of software stacks of interest to the community. These
-stacks are used to test package recipes and generate publicly available build caches.
-Spack uses GitLab CI for managing the orchestration of build jobs.
-
-GitLab Entry Point
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-Add stack entrypoint to the ``share/spack/gitlab/cloud_pipelines/.gitlab-ci.yml``. There
-are two stages required for each new stack, the generation stage and the build stage.
-
-The generate stage is defined using the job template ``.generate`` configured with
-environment variables defining the name of the stack in ``SPACK_CI_STACK_NAME`` and the
-platform (``SPACK_TARGET_PLATFORM``) and architecture (``SPACK_TARGET_ARCH``) configuration,
-and the tags associated with the class of runners to build on.
-
-.. note::
-
-    The ``SPACK_CI_STACK_NAME`` must match the name of the directory containing the
-    stacks ``spack.yaml``.
-
-
-.. note::
-
-    The platform and architecture variables are specified in order to select the
-    correct configurations from the generic configurations used in Spack CI. The
-    configurations currently available are:
-
-    * ``.cray_rhel_zen4``
-    * ``.cray_sles_zen4``
-    * ``.darwin_aarch64``
-    * ``.darwin_x86_64``
-    * ``.linux_aarch64``
-    * ``.linux_icelake``
-    * ``.linux_neoverse_n1``
-    * ``.linux_neoverse_v1``
-    * ``.linux_neoverse_v2``
-    * ``.linux_skylake``
-    * ``.linux_x86_64``
-    * ``.linux_x86_64_v4``
-
-    New configurations can be added to accommodate new platforms and architectures.
-
-
-The build stage is defined as a trigger job that consumes the GitLab CI pipeline generated in
-the generate stage for this stack. Build stage jobs use the ``.build`` job template which
-handles the basic configuration.
-
-An example entry point for a new stack called ``my-super-cool-stack``
-
-.. code-block:: yaml
-
-    .my-super-cool-stack:
-      extends: [ ".linux_x86_64_v3" ]
-      variables:
-        SPACK_CI_STACK_NAME: my-super-cool-stack
-        tags: [ "all", "tags", "your", "job", "needs"]
-
-    my-super-cool-stack-generate:
-      extends: [ ".generate", ".my-super-cool-stack" ]
-      image: my-super-cool-stack-image:0.0.1
-
-    my-super-cool-stack-build:
-      extends: [ ".build", ".my-super-cool-stack" ]
-      trigger:
-        include:
-          - artifact: jobs_scratch_dir/cloud-ci-pipeline.yml
-            job: my-super-cool-stack-generate
-        strategy: depend
-      needs:
-        - artifacts: True
-          job: my-super-cool-stack-generate
-
-
-Stack Configuration
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-The stack configuration is a spack environment file with two additional sections added.
-Stack configurations should be located in ``share/spack/gitlab/cloud_pipelines/stacks/<stack_name>/spack.yaml``.
-
-The ``ci`` section is generally used to define stack specific mappings such as image or tags.
-For more information on what can go into the ``ci`` section refer to the docs on pipelines.
-
-The ``cdash`` section is used for defining where to upload the results of builds. Spack configures
-most of the details for posting pipeline results to
-`cdash.spack.io <https://cdash.spack.io/index.php?project=Spack+Testing>`_. The only
-requirement in the stack configuration is to define a ``build-group`` that is unique,
-this is usually the long name of the stack.
-
-An example stack that builds ``zlib``.
-
-.. code-block:: yaml
-
-    spack:
-      view: false
-      packages:
-        all:
-          require: ["%gcc", "target=x86_64_v3"]
-      specs:
-      - zlib
-
-      ci:
-        pipeline-gen
-        - build-job:
-            image: my-super-cool-stack-image:0.0.1
-
-      cdash:
-        build-group: My Super Cool Stack
-
-.. note::
-
-    The ``image`` used in the ``*-generate`` job must match exactly the ``image`` used in the ``build-job``.
-    When the images do not match the build job may fail.
-
-
-"""""""""""""""""""
-Registering Runners
-"""""""""""""""""""
-
-Contributing computational resources to Spack's CI build farm is one way to help expand the
-capabilities and offerings of the public Spack build caches. Currently, Spack utilizes linux runners
-from AWS, Google, and the University of Oregon (UO).
-
-Runners require three key peices:
-* Runner Registration Token
-* Accurate tags
-* OIDC Authentication script
-* GPG keys
-
-
-Minimum GitLab Runner Version: ``16.1.0``
-`Intallation instructions <https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/install/>`_
-
-Registration Token
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-The first step to contribute new runners is to open an issue in the `spack infrastructure <https://github.com/spack/spack-infrastructure/issues/new?assignees=&labels=runner-registration&projects=&template=runner_registration.yml>`_
-project. This will be reported to the spack infrastructure team who will guide users through the process
-of registering new runners for Spack CI.
-
-The information needed to register a runner is the motivation for the new resources, a semi-detailed description of
-the runner, and finallly the point of contact for maintaining the software on the runner.
-
-The point of contact will then work with the infrastruture team to obtain runner registration token(s) for interacting with
-with Spack's GitLab instance. Once the runner is active, this point of contact will also be responsible for updating the
-GitLab runner software to keep pace with Spack's Gitlab.
-
-Tagging
-~~~~~~~
-
-In the initial stages of runner registration it is important to **exclude** the special tag ``spack``. This will prevent
-the new runner(s) from being picked up for production CI jobs while it is configured and evaluated. Once it is determined
-that the runner is ready for production use the ``spack`` tag will be added.
-
-Because gitlab has no concept of tag exclustion, runners that provide specialized resource also require specialized tags.
-For example, a basic CPU only x86_64 runner may have a tag ``x86_64`` associated with it. However, a runner containing an
-CUDA capable GPU may have the tag ``x86_64-cuda`` to denote that it should only be used for packages that will benefit from
-a CUDA capable resource.
-
-OIDC
-~~~~
-
-Spack runners use OIDC authentication for connecting to the appropriate AWS bucket
-which is used for coordinating the communication of binaries between build jobs. In
-order to configure OIDC authentication, Spack CI runners use a python script with minimal
-dependencies. This script can be configured for runners as seen here using the ``pre_build_script``.
-
-.. code-block:: toml
-
-    [[runners]]
-      pre_build_script = """
-      echo 'Executing Spack pre-build setup script'
-
-      for cmd in "${PY3:-}" python3 python; do
-        if command -v > /dev/null "$cmd"; then
-          export PY3="$(command -v "$cmd")"
-          break
-        fi
-      done
-
-      if [ -z "${PY3:-}" ]; then
-        echo "Unable to find python3 executable"
-        exit 1
-      fi
-
-      $PY3 -c "import urllib.request;urllib.request.urlretrieve('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/spack/spack-infrastructure/main/scripts/gitlab_runner_pre_build/pre_build.py', 'pre_build.py')"
-      $PY3 pre_build.py > envvars
-
-      . ./envvars
-      rm -f envvars
-      unset GITLAB_OIDC_TOKEN
-      """
-
-GPG Keys
-~~~~~~~~
-
-Runners that may be utilized for ``protected`` CI require the registration of an intermediate signing key that
-can be used to sign packages. For more information on package signing read :ref:`key_architecture`.
-
 --------
 Coverage
 --------

lib/spack/docs/developer_guide.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 
@@ -154,7 +155,9 @@ Package-related modules
 
 :mod:`spack.util.naming`
   Contains functions for mapping between Spack package names,
-  Python module names, and Python class names.
+  Python module names, and Python class names. Functions like
+  :func:`~spack.util.naming.mod_to_class` handle mapping package
+  module names to class names.
 
 :mod:`spack.directives`
   *Directives* are functions that can be called inside a package definition
@@ -175,8 +178,12 @@ Spec-related modules
   Contains :class:`~spack.spec.Spec`. Also implements most of the logic for concretization
   of specs.
 
-:mod:`spack.spec_parser`
-  Contains :class:`~spack.spec_parser.SpecParser` and functions related to parsing specs.
+:mod:`spack.parser`
+  Contains :class:`~spack.parser.SpecParser` and functions related to parsing specs.
+
+:mod:`spack.concretize`
+  Contains :class:`~spack.concretize.Concretizer` implementation,
+  which allows site administrators to change Spack's :ref:`concretization-policies`.
 
 :mod:`spack.version`
   Implements a simple :class:`~spack.version.Version` class with simple
@@ -330,9 +337,13 @@ inserting them at different places in the spack code base. Whenever a hook
 type triggers by way of a function call, we find all the hooks of that type,
 and run them.
 
-Spack defines hooks by way of a module in the ``lib/spack/spack/hooks`` directory.
-This module has to be registered in ``__init__.py`` so that Spack is aware of it.
-This section will cover the basic kind of hooks, and how to write them.
+Spack defines hooks by way of a module at ``lib/spack/spack/hooks`` where we can define
+types of hooks in the ``__init__.py``, and then python files in that folder
+can use hook functions. The files are automatically parsed, so if you write
+a new file for some integration (e.g., ``lib/spack/spack/hooks/myintegration.py``
+you can then write hook functions in that file that will be automatically detected,
+and run whenever your hook is called. This section will cover the basic kind
+of hooks, and how to write them.
 
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 Types of Hooks
@@ -346,23 +357,91 @@ If there is a hook that you would like and is missing, you can propose to add a
 ``pre_install(spec)``
 """""""""""""""""""""
 
-A ``pre_install`` hook is run within the install subprocess, directly before the install starts.
-It expects a single argument of a spec.
+A ``pre_install`` hook is run within an install subprocess, directly before
+the install starts. It expects a single argument of a spec, and is run in
+a multiprocessing subprocess. Note that if you see ``pre_install`` functions associated with packages these are not hooks
+as we have defined them here, but rather callback functions associated with
+a package install.
 
 
-"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
-``post_install(spec, explicit=None)``
-"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
+""""""""""""""""""""""
+``post_install(spec)``
+""""""""""""""""""""""
 
-A ``post_install`` hook is run within the install subprocess, directly after the install finishes,
-but before the build stage is removed and the spec is registered in the database. It expects two
-arguments: spec and an optional boolean indicating whether this spec is being installed explicitly.
+A ``post_install`` hook is run within an install subprocess, directly after
+the install finishes, but before the build stage is removed. If you
+write one of these hooks, you should expect it to accept a spec as the only
+argument. This is run in a multiprocessing subprocess. This ``post_install`` is
+also seen in packages, but in this context not related to the hooks described
+here.
 
-""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
-``pre_uninstall(spec)`` and ``post_uninstall(spec)``
-""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
 
-These hooks are currently used for cleaning up module files after uninstall.
+""""""""""""""""""""""""""
+``on_install_start(spec)``
+""""""""""""""""""""""""""
+
+This hook is run at the beginning of ``lib/spack/spack/installer.py``,
+in the install function of a ``PackageInstaller``,
+and importantly is not part of a build process, but before it. This is when
+we have just newly grabbed the task, and are preparing to install. If you
+write a hook of this type, you should provide the spec to it.
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    def on_install_start(spec):
+        """On start of an install, we want to...
+        """
+        print('on_install_start')
+
+
+""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
+``on_install_success(spec)``
+""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
+
+This hook is run on a successful install, and is also run inside the build
+process, akin to ``post_install``. The main difference is that this hook
+is run outside of the context of the stage directory, meaning after the
+build stage has been removed and the user is alerted that the install was
+successful. If you need to write a hook that is run on success of a particular
+phase, you should use ``on_phase_success``.
+
+""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
+``on_install_failure(spec)``
+""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
+
+This hook is run given an install failure that happens outside of the build
+subprocess, but somewhere in ``installer.py`` when something else goes wrong.
+If you need to write a hook that is relevant to a failure within a build
+process, you would want to instead use ``on_phase_failure``.
+
+
+"""""""""""""""""""""""""""
+``on_install_cancel(spec)``
+"""""""""""""""""""""""""""
+
+The same, but triggered if a spec install is cancelled for any reason.
+
+
+"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
+``on_phase_success(pkg, phase_name, log_file)``
+"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
+
+This hook is run within the install subprocess, and specifically when a phase
+successfully finishes. Since we are interested in the package, the name of
+the phase, and any output from it, we require:
+
+ - **pkg**: the package variable, which also has the attached spec at ``pkg.spec``
+ - **phase_name**: the name of the phase that was successful (e.g., configure)
+ - **log_file**: the path to the file with output, in case you need to inspect or otherwise interact with it.
+
+"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
+``on_phase_error(pkg, phase_name, log_file)``
+"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
+
+In the case of an error during a phase, we might want to trigger some event
+with a hook, and this is the purpose of this particular hook. Akin to
+``on_phase_success`` we require the same variables - the package that failed,
+the name of the phase, and the log file where we might find errors.
 
 
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
@@ -541,11 +620,11 @@ With either interpreter you can run a single command:
 
 .. code-block:: console
 
-   $ spack python -c 'from spack.concretize import concretize_one; concretize_one("python")'
-   ...
+   $ spack python -c 'import distro; distro.linux_distribution()'
+   ('Ubuntu', '18.04', 'Bionic Beaver')
 
-   $ spack python -i ipython -c 'from spack.concretize import concretize_one; concretize_one("python")'
-   Out[1]: ...
+   $ spack python -i ipython -c 'import distro; distro.linux_distribution()'
+   Out[1]: ('Ubuntu', '18.04', 'Bionic Beaver')
 
 or a file:
 
@@ -705,27 +784,27 @@ Release branches
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
 There are currently two types of Spack releases: :ref:`major releases
-<major-releases>` (``0.21.0``, ``0.22.0``, etc.) and :ref:`patch releases
-<patch-releases>` (``0.22.1``, ``0.22.2``, ``0.22.3``, etc.). Here is a
+<major-releases>` (``0.17.0``, ``0.18.0``, etc.) and :ref:`point releases
+<point-releases>` (``0.17.1``, ``0.17.2``, ``0.17.3``, etc.). Here is a
 diagram of how Spack release branches work::
 
-    o    branch: develop  (latest version, v0.23.0.dev0)
+    o    branch: develop  (latest version, v0.19.0.dev0)
     |
     o
-    | o  branch: releases/v0.22, tag: v0.22.1
+    | o  branch: releases/v0.18, tag: v0.18.1
     o |
-    | o  tag: v0.22.0
+    | o  tag: v0.18.0
     o |
     | o
     |/
     o
     |
     o
-    | o  branch: releases/v0.21, tag: v0.21.2
+    | o  branch: releases/v0.17, tag: v0.17.2
     o |
-    | o  tag: v0.21.1
+    | o  tag: v0.17.1
     o |
-    | o  tag: v0.21.0
+    | o  tag: v0.17.0
     o |
     | o
     |/
@@ -736,8 +815,8 @@ requests target ``develop``. The ``develop`` branch will report that its
 version is that of the next **major** release with a ``.dev0`` suffix.
 
 Each Spack release series also has a corresponding branch, e.g.
-``releases/v0.22`` has ``v0.22.x`` versions of Spack, and
-``releases/v0.21`` has ``v0.21.x`` versions. A major release is the first
+``releases/v0.18`` has ``0.18.x`` versions of Spack, and
+``releases/v0.17`` has ``0.17.x`` versions. A major release is the first
 tagged version on a release branch. Minor releases are back-ported from
 develop onto release branches. This is typically done by cherry-picking
 bugfix commits off of ``develop``.
@@ -767,40 +846,27 @@ for more details.
 Scheduling work for releases
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
-We schedule work for **major releases** through `milestones
-<https://github.com/spack/spack/milestones>`_ and `GitHub Projects
-<https://github.com/spack/spack/projects>`_, while **patch releases** use `labels
-<https://github.com/spack/spack/labels>`_.
+We schedule work for releases by creating `GitHub projects
+<https://github.com/spack/spack/projects>`_. At any time, there may be
+several open release projects. For example, below are two releases (from
+some past version of the page linked above):
 
-There is only one milestone open at a time. Its name corresponds to the next major version, for
-example ``v0.23``. Important issues and pull requests should be assigned to this milestone by
-core developers, so that they are not forgotten at the time of release. The milestone is closed
-when the release is made, and a new milestone is created for the next major release.
+.. image:: images/projects.png
 
-Bug reports in GitHub issues are automatically labelled ``bug`` and ``triage``. Spack developers
-assign one of the labels ``impact-low``, ``impact-medium`` or ``impact-high``. This will make the
-issue appear in the `Triaged bugs <https://github.com/orgs/spack/projects/6>`_ project board.
-Important issues should be assigned to the next milestone as well, so they appear at the top of
-the project board.
+This image shows one release in progress for ``0.15.1`` and another for
+``0.16.0``. Each of these releases has a project board containing issues
+and pull requests. GitHub shows a status bar with completed work in
+green, work in progress in purple, and work not started yet in gray, so
+it's fairly easy to see progress.
 
-Spack's milestones are not firm commitments so we move work between releases frequently. If we
-need to make a release and some tasks are not yet done, we will simply move them to the next major
-release milestone, rather than delaying the release to complete them.
+Spack's project boards are not firm commitments so we move work between
+releases frequently. If we need to make a release and some tasks are not
+yet done, we will simply move them to the next minor or major release, rather
+than delaying the release to complete them.
 
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-Backporting bug fixes
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+For more on using GitHub project boards, see `GitHub's documentation
+<https://docs.github.com/en/github/managing-your-work-on-github/about-project-boards>`_.
 
-When a bug is fixed in the ``develop`` branch, it is often necessary to backport the fix to one
-(or more) of the ``release/vX.Y`` branches. Only the release manager is responsible for doing
-backports, but Spack maintainers are responsible for labelling pull requests (and issues if no bug
-fix is available yet) with ``vX.Y.Z`` labels. The label should correspond to the next patch version
-that the bug fix should be backported to.
-
-Backports are done publicly by the release manager using a pull request named ``Backports vX.Y.Z``.
-This pull request is opened from the ``backports/vX.Y.Z`` branch, targets the ``releases/vX.Y``
-branch and contains a (growing) list of cherry-picked commits from the ``develop`` branch.
-Typically there are one or two backport pull requests open at any given time.
 
 .. _major-releases:
 
@@ -808,21 +874,25 @@ Typically there are one or two backport pull requests open at any given time.
 Making major releases
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
-Assuming all required work from the milestone is completed, the steps to make the major release
-are:
+Assuming a project board has already been created and all required work
+completed, the steps to make the major release are:
 
-#. `Create a new milestone <https://github.com/spack/spack/milestones>`_ for the next major
-   release.
+#. Create two new project boards:
 
-#. `Create a new label <https://github.com/spack/spack/labels>`_ for the next patch release.
+   * One for the next major release
+   * One for the next point release
 
-#. Move any optional tasks that are not done to the next milestone.
+#. Move any optional tasks that are not done to one of the new project boards.
+
+   In general, small bugfixes should go to the next point release. Major
+   features, refactors, and changes that could affect concretization should
+   go in the next major release.
 
 #. Create a branch for the release, based on ``develop``:
 
    .. code-block:: console
 
-      $ git checkout -b releases/v0.23 develop
+      $ git checkout -b releases/v0.15 develop
 
    For a version ``vX.Y.Z``, the branch's name should be
    ``releases/vX.Y``. That is, you should create a ``releases/vX.Y``
@@ -858,8 +928,8 @@ are:
 
    Create a pull request targeting the ``develop`` branch, bumping the major
    version in ``lib/spack/spack/__init__.py`` with a ``dev0`` release segment.
-   For instance when you have just released ``v0.23.0``, set the version
-   to ``(0, 24, 0, 'dev0')`` on ``develop``.
+   For instance when you have just released ``v0.15.0``, set the version
+   to ``(0, 16, 0, 'dev0')`` on ``develop``.
 
 #. Follow the steps in :ref:`publishing-releases`.
 
@@ -868,52 +938,82 @@ are:
 #. Follow the steps in :ref:`announcing-releases`.
 
 
-.. _patch-releases:
+.. _point-releases:
 
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-Making patch releases
+Making point releases
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
-To make the patch release process both efficient and transparent, we use a *backports pull request*
-which contains cherry-picked commits from the ``develop`` branch. The majority of the work is to
-cherry-pick the bug fixes, which ideally should be done as soon as they land on ``develop``:
-this ensures cherry-picking happens in order, and makes conflicts easier to resolve since the
-changes are fresh in the mind of the developer.
+Assuming a project board has already been created and all required work
+completed, the steps to make the point release are:
 
-The backports pull request is always titled ``Backports vX.Y.Z`` and is labelled ``backports``. It
-is opened from a branch named ``backports/vX.Y.Z`` and targets the ``releases/vX.Y`` branch.
+#. Create a new project board for the next point release.
 
-Whenever a pull request labelled ``vX.Y.Z`` is merged, cherry-pick the associated squashed commit
-on ``develop`` to the ``backports/vX.Y.Z`` branch. For pull requests that were rebased (or not
-squashed), cherry-pick each associated commit individually. Never force push to the
-``backports/vX.Y.Z`` branch.
+#. Move any optional tasks that are not done to the next project board.
 
-.. warning::
+#. Check out the release branch (it should already exist).
 
-   Sometimes you may **still** get merge conflicts even if you have
-   cherry-picked all the commits in order. This generally means there
-   is some other intervening pull request that the one you're trying
-   to pick depends on. In these cases, you'll need to make a judgment
-   call regarding those pull requests.  Consider the number of affected
-   files and/or the resulting differences.
+    For the ``X.Y.Z`` release, the release branch is called ``releases/vX.Y``.
+    For ``v0.15.1``, you would check out ``releases/v0.15``:
 
-   1. If the changes are small, you might just cherry-pick it.
+   .. code-block:: console
 
-   2. If the changes are large, then you may decide that this fix is not
-      worth including in a patch release, in which case you should remove
-      the label from the pull request. Remember that large, manual backports
-      are seldom the right choice for a patch release.
+      $ git checkout releases/v0.15
 
-When all commits are cherry-picked in the ``backports/vX.Y.Z`` branch, make the patch
-release as follows:
+#. If a pull request to the release branch named ``Backports vX.Y.Z`` is not already
+   in the project, create it. This pull request ought to be created as early as
+   possible when working on a release project, so that we can build the release
+   commits incrementally, and identify potential conflicts at an early stage.
 
-#. `Create a new label <https://github.com/spack/spack/labels>`_ ``vX.Y.{Z+1}`` for the next patch
-   release.
+#. Cherry-pick each pull request in the ``Done`` column of the release
+   project board onto the ``Backports vX.Y.Z`` pull request.
 
-#. Replace the label ``vX.Y.Z`` with ``vX.Y.{Z+1}`` for all PRs and issues that are not done.
+   This is **usually** fairly simple since we squash the commits from the
+   vast majority of pull requests. That means there is only one commit
+   per pull request to cherry-pick. For example, `this pull request
+   <https://github.com/spack/spack/pull/15777>`_ has three commits, but
+   they were squashed into a single commit on merge. You can see the
+   commit that was created here:
 
-#. Manually push a single commit with commit message ``Set version to vX.Y.Z`` to the
-   ``backports/vX.Y.Z`` branch, that both bumps the Spack version number and updates the changelog:
+   .. image:: images/pr-commit.png
+
+   You can easily cherry pick it like this (assuming you already have the
+   release branch checked out):
+
+   .. code-block:: console
+
+      $ git cherry-pick 7e46da7
+
+   For pull requests that were rebased (or not squashed), you'll need to
+   cherry-pick each associated commit individually.
+
+   .. warning::
+
+      It is important to cherry-pick commits in the order they happened,
+      otherwise you can get conflicts while cherry-picking. When
+      cherry-picking look at the merge date,
+      **not** the number of the pull request or the date it was opened.
+
+      Sometimes you may **still** get merge conflicts even if you have
+      cherry-picked all the commits in order. This generally means there
+      is some other intervening pull request that the one you're trying
+      to pick depends on. In these cases, you'll need to make a judgment
+      call regarding those pull requests.  Consider the number of affected
+      files and or the resulting differences.
+
+      1. If the dependency changes are small, you might just cherry-pick it,
+         too. If you do this, add the task to the release board.
+
+      2. If the changes are large, then you may decide that this fix is not
+         worth including in a point release, in which case you should remove
+         the task from the release project.
+
+      3. You can always decide to manually back-port the fix to the release
+         branch if neither of the above options makes sense, but this can
+         require a lot of work. It's seldom the right choice.
+
+#. When all the commits from the project board are cherry-picked into
+   the ``Backports vX.Y.Z`` pull request, you can push a commit to:
 
    1. Bump the version in ``lib/spack/spack/__init__.py``.
    2. Update ``CHANGELOG.md`` with a list of the changes.
@@ -922,22 +1022,20 @@ release as follows:
    release branch. See `the changelog from 0.14.1
    <https://github.com/spack/spack/commit/ff0abb9838121522321df2a054d18e54b566b44a>`_.
 
-#. Make sure CI passes on the **backports pull request**, including:
+#. Merge the ``Backports vX.Y.Z`` PR with the **Rebase and merge** strategy. This
+   is needed to keep track in the release branch of all the commits that were
+   cherry-picked.
+
+#. Make sure CI passes on the release branch, including:
 
    * Regular unit tests
    * Build tests
    * The E4S pipeline at `gitlab.spack.io <https://gitlab.spack.io>`_
 
-#. Merge the ``Backports vX.Y.Z`` PR with the **Rebase and merge** strategy. This
-   is needed to keep track in the release branch of all the commits that were
-   cherry-picked.
-
-#. Make sure CI passes on the last commit of the **release branch**.
-
-#. In the rare case you need to include additional commits in the patch release after the backports
-   PR is merged, it is best to delete the last commit ``Set version to vX.Y.Z`` from the release
-   branch with a single force push, open a new backports PR named ``Backports vX.Y.Z (2)``, and
-   repeat the process. Avoid repeated force pushes to the release branch.
+   If CI does not pass, you'll need to figure out why, and make changes
+   to the release branch until it does. You can make more commits, modify
+   or remove cherry-picked commits, or cherry-pick **more** from
+   ``develop`` to make this happen.
 
 #. Follow the steps in :ref:`publishing-releases`.
 
@@ -1012,31 +1110,25 @@ Updating `releases/latest`
 
 If the new release is the **highest** Spack release yet, you should
 also tag it as ``releases/latest``. For example, suppose the highest
-release is currently ``0.22.3``:
+release is currently ``0.15.3``:
 
-* If you are releasing ``0.22.4`` or ``0.23.0``, then you should tag
-  it with ``releases/latest``, as these are higher than ``0.22.3``.
+* If you are releasing ``0.15.4`` or ``0.16.0``, then you should tag
+  it with ``releases/latest``, as these are higher than ``0.15.3``.
 
 * If you are making a new release of an **older** major version of
-  Spack, e.g. ``0.21.4``, then you should not tag it as
+  Spack, e.g. ``0.14.4``, then you should not tag it as
   ``releases/latest`` (as there are newer major versions).
 
-To do so, first fetch the latest tag created on GitHub, since you may not have it locally:
+To tag ``releases/latest``, do this:
 
 .. code-block:: console
 
-   $ git fetch --force git@github.com:spack/spack vX.Y.Z
+   $ git checkout releases/vX.Y     # vX.Y is the new release's branch
+   $ git tag --force releases/latest
+   $ git push --force --tags
 
-Then tag ``vX.Y.Z`` as ``releases/latest`` and push the individual tag to GitHub.
-
-.. code-block:: console
-
-   $ git tag --force releases/latest vX.Y.Z
-   $ git push --force git@github.com:spack/spack releases/latest
-
-The ``--force`` argument to ``git tag`` makes ``git`` overwrite the existing ``releases/latest``
-tag with the new one. Do **not** use the ``--tags`` flag when pushing, since this will push *all*
-local tags.
+The ``--force`` argument to ``git tag`` makes ``git`` overwrite the existing
+``releases/latest`` tag with the new one.
 
 
 .. _announcing-releases:
@@ -1047,9 +1139,9 @@ Announcing a release
 
 We announce releases in all of the major Spack communication channels.
 Publishing the release takes care of GitHub. The remaining channels are
-X, Slack, and the mailing list. Here are the steps:
+Twitter, Slack, and the mailing list. Here are the steps:
 
-#. Announce the release on X.
+#. Announce the release on Twitter.
 
    * Compose the tweet on the ``@spackpm`` account per the
      ``spack-twitter`` slack channel.

lib/spack/docs/env_vars_yaml.rst

@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
-
-   SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
-
-.. _env-vars-yaml:
-
-=============================================
-Environment Variable Settings (env_vars.yaml)
-=============================================
-
-Spack allows you to include shell environment variable modifications
-for a spack environment by including an ``env_vars.yaml``.  Environment
-varaibles can be modified by setting, unsetting, appending, and prepending
-variables in the shell environment.
-The changes to the shell environment will take effect when the spack
-environment is activated.
-
-for example,
-
-.. code-block:: yaml
-
-  env_vars:
-    set:
-      ENVAR_TO_SET_IN_ENV_LOAD: "FOO"
-    unset:
-      ENVAR_TO_UNSET_IN_ENV_LOAD:
-    prepend_path:
-      PATH_LIST: "path/to/prepend"
-    append_path:
-      PATH_LIST: "path/to/append"
-    remove_path:
-      PATH_LIST: "path/to/remove"
-
-

lib/spack/docs/example_files/spack.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+spack:
+  definitions:
+  - compiler-pkgs:
+    - 'llvm+clang@6.0.1 os=centos7'
+    - 'gcc@6.5.0 os=centos7'
+    - 'llvm+clang@6.0.1 os=ubuntu18.04'
+    - 'gcc@6.5.0 os=ubuntu18.04'
+  - pkgs:
+    - readline@7.0
+    # - xsdk@0.4.0
+  - compilers:
+    - '%gcc@5.5.0'
+    - '%gcc@6.5.0'
+    - '%gcc@7.3.0'
+    - '%clang@6.0.0'
+    - '%clang@6.0.1'
+  - oses:
+    - os=ubuntu18.04
+    - os=centos7
+
+  specs:
+  - matrix:
+    - [$pkgs]
+    - [$compilers]
+    - [$oses]
+    exclude:
+      - '%gcc@7.3.0 os=centos7'
+      - '%gcc@5.5.0 os=ubuntu18.04'
+
+  mirrors:
+    cloud_gitlab: https://mirror.spack.io
+
+  compilers:
+    # The .gitlab-ci.yml for this project picks a Docker container which does
+    # not have any compilers pre-built and ready to use, so we need to fake the
+    # existence of those here.
+    - compiler:
+        operating_system: centos7
+        modules: []
+        paths:
+          cc: /not/used
+          cxx: /not/used
+          f77: /not/used
+          fc: /not/used
+        spec: gcc@5.5.0
+        target: x86_64
+    - compiler:
+        operating_system: centos7
+        modules: []
+        paths:
+          cc: /not/used
+          cxx: /not/used
+          f77: /not/used
+          fc: /not/used
+        spec: gcc@6.5.0
+        target: x86_64
+    - compiler:
+        operating_system: centos7
+        modules: []
+        paths:
+          cc: /not/used
+          cxx: /not/used
+          f77: /not/used
+          fc: /not/used
+        spec: clang@6.0.0
+        target: x86_64
+    - compiler:
+        operating_system: centos7
+        modules: []
+        paths:
+          cc: /not/used
+          cxx: /not/used
+          f77: /not/used
+          fc: /not/used
+        spec: clang@6.0.1
+        target: x86_64
+
+    - compiler:
+        operating_system: ubuntu18.04
+        modules: []
+        paths:
+          cc: /not/used
+          cxx: /not/used
+          f77: /not/used
+          fc: /not/used
+        spec: clang@6.0.0
+        target: x86_64
+    - compiler:
+        operating_system: ubuntu18.04
+        modules: []
+        paths:
+          cc: /not/used
+          cxx: /not/used
+          f77: /not/used
+          fc: /not/used
+        spec: clang@6.0.1
+        target: x86_64
+    - compiler:
+        operating_system: ubuntu18.04
+        modules: []
+        paths:
+          cc: /not/used
+          cxx: /not/used
+          f77: /not/used
+          fc: /not/used
+        spec: gcc@6.5.0
+        target: x86_64
+    - compiler:
+        operating_system: ubuntu18.04
+        modules: []
+        paths:
+          cc: /not/used
+          cxx: /not/used
+          f77: /not/used
+          fc: /not/used
+        spec: gcc@7.3.0
+        target: x86_64
+
+  gitlab-ci:
+    bootstrap:
+      - name: compiler-pkgs
+        compiler-agnostic: true
+    mappings:
+      - # spack-cloud-ubuntu
+        match:
+          # these are specs, if *any* match the spec under consideration, this
+          # 'mapping' will be used to generate the CI job
+          - os=ubuntu18.04
+        runner-attributes:
+          # 'tags' and 'image' go directly onto the job, 'variables' will
+          # be added to what we already necessarily create for the job as
+          # a part of the CI workflow
+          tags:
+            - spack-k8s
+          image:
+            name: scottwittenburg/spack_builder_ubuntu_18.04
+            entrypoint: [""]
+      - # spack-cloud-centos
+        match:
+          # these are specs, if *any* match the spec under consideration, this
+          # 'mapping' will be used to generate the CI job
+          - 'os=centos7'
+        runner-attributes:
+          tags:
+            - spack-k8s
+          image:
+            name: scottwittenburg/spack_builder_centos_7
+            entrypoint: [""]
+
+  cdash:
+    build-group: Release Testing
+    url: http://cdash
+    project: Spack Testing
+    site: Spack Docker-Compose Workflow
+
+  repos: []
+  upstreams: {}
+  modules:
+    enable: []
+  packages: {}
+  config: {}

lib/spack/docs/extensions.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 
@@ -110,39 +111,3 @@ The corresponding unit tests can be run giving the appropriate options to ``spac
 
    (5 durations < 0.005s hidden.  Use -vv to show these durations.)
    =========================================== 5 passed in 5.06s ============================================
-
----------------------------------------
-Registering Extensions via Entry Points
----------------------------------------
-
-.. note::
-   Python version >= 3.8 is required to register extensions via entry points.
-
-Spack can be made aware of extensions that are installed as part of a python package.  To do so, register a function that returns the extension path, or paths, to the ``"spack.extensions"`` entry point.  Consider the Python package ``my_package`` that includes a Spack extension:
-
-.. code-block:: console
-
-  my-package/
-  ├── src
-  │   ├── my_package
-  │   │   └── __init__.py
-  │   └── spack-scripting/  # the spack extensions
-  └── pyproject.toml
-
-adding the following to ``my_package``'s ``pyproject.toml`` will make the ``spack-scripting`` extension visible to Spack when ``my_package`` is installed:
-
-.. code-block:: toml
-
-   [project.entry_points."spack.extenions"]
-   my_package = "my_package:get_extension_path"
-
-The function ``my_package.get_extension_path`` in ``my_package/__init__.py`` might look like
-
-.. code-block:: python
-
-   import importlib.resources
-
-   def get_extension_path():
-       dirname = importlib.resources.files("my_package").joinpath("spack-scripting")
-       if dirname.exists():
-           return str(dirname)

lib/spack/docs/features.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 
@@ -131,7 +132,7 @@ creates a simple python file:
 It doesn't take much python coding to get from there to a working
 package:
 
-.. literalinclude:: _spack_root/var/spack/repos/spack_repo/builtin/packages/libelf/package.py
+.. literalinclude:: _spack_root/var/spack/repos/builtin/packages/libelf/package.py
    :lines: 5-
 
 Spack also provides wrapper functions around common commands like

lib/spack/docs/frequently_asked_questions.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.. Copyright Spack Project Developers. See COPYRIGHT file for details.
+.. Copyright 2013-2023 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other
+   Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 
@@ -30,7 +31,7 @@ than always choosing the latest versions or default variants.
 
 .. note::
 
-    As a rule of thumb: requirements + constraints > strong preferences > reuse > preferences > defaults.
+    As a rule of thumb: requirements + constraints > reuse > preferences > defaults.
 
 The following set of criteria (from lowest to highest precedence) explain
 common cases where concretization output may seem surprising at first.
@@ -56,19 +57,7 @@ common cases where concretization output may seem surprising at first.
       concretizer:
         reuse: dependencies  # other options are 'true' and 'false'
 
-3. :ref:`Strong preferences <package-strong-preferences>` configured in ``packages.yaml``
-   are higher priority than reuse, and can be used to strongly prefer a specific version
-   or variant, without erroring out if it's not possible. Strong preferences are specified
-   as follows:
-
-   .. code-block:: yaml
-
-      packages:
-        foo:
-          prefer:
-          - "@1.1: ~mpi"
-
-4. :ref:`Package requirements <package-requirements>` configured in ``packages.yaml``,
+3. :ref:`Package requirements <package-requirements>` configured in ``packages.yaml``,
    and constraints from the command line as well as ``package.py`` files override all
    of the above. Requirements are specified as follows:
 
@@ -78,8 +67,6 @@ common cases where concretization output may seem surprising at first.
         foo:
           require:
           - "@1.2: +mpi"
-          conflicts:
-          - "@1.4"
 
 Requirements and constraints restrict the set of possible solutions, while reuse
 behavior and preferences influence what an optimal solution looks like.