simplify mro stuff

.devcontainer/devcontainer.json

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 {
-  "name": "Ubuntu 20.04",
   "image": "ghcr.io/spack/ubuntu20.04-runner-amd64-gcc-11.4:2023.08.01",
   "postCreateCommand": "./.devcontainer/postCreateCommand.sh"
 }

.devcontainer/ubuntu22.04/devcontainer.json

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "name": "Ubuntu 22.04",
-  "image": "ghcr.io/spack/ubuntu-22.04:v2024-05-07",
-  "postCreateCommand": "./.devcontainer/postCreateCommand.sh"
-}

.github/workflows/audit.yaml

@@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ jobs:
       run:
         shell: ${{ matrix.system.shell }}
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@d632683dd7b4114ad314bca15554477dd762a938
+    - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@f677139bbe7f9c59b41e40162b753c062f5d49a3
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@39cd14951b08e74b54015e9e001cdefcf80e669f
       with:
         python-version: ${{inputs.python_version}}
     - name: Install Python packages
@@ -40,8 +40,6 @@ jobs:
       run: |
         python -m pip install --upgrade pywin32
     - name: Package audits (with coverage)
-      env:
-          COVERAGE_FILE: coverage/.coverage-audits-${{ matrix.system.os }}
       if: ${{ inputs.with_coverage == 'true' && runner.os != 'Windows' }}
       run: |
           . share/spack/setup-env.sh
@@ -49,26 +47,27 @@ jobs:
           coverage run $(which spack) audit configs
           coverage run $(which spack) -d audit externals
           coverage combine
+          coverage xml
     - name: Package audits (without coverage)
       if: ${{ inputs.with_coverage == 'false' && runner.os != 'Windows' }}
       run: |
-          . share/spack/setup-env.sh
+          . share/spack/setup-env.sh          
           spack -d audit packages
           spack -d audit configs
           spack -d audit externals
     - name: Package audits (without coverage)
       if: ${{ runner.os == 'Windows' }}
       run: |
-          . share/spack/setup-env.sh
+          . share/spack/setup-env.sh          
           spack -d audit packages
           ./share/spack/qa/validate_last_exit.ps1
           spack -d audit configs
           ./share/spack/qa/validate_last_exit.ps1
           spack -d audit externals
           ./share/spack/qa/validate_last_exit.ps1
-    - uses: actions/upload-artifact@50769540e7f4bd5e21e526ee35c689e35e0d6874
+    - uses: codecov/codecov-action@e28ff129e5465c2c0dcc6f003fc735cb6ae0c673
-      if: ${{ inputs.with_coverage == 'true' && runner.os != 'Windows' }}
+      if: ${{ inputs.with_coverage == 'true' }}
       with:
-        name: coverage-audits-${{ matrix.system.os }}
+        flags: unittests,audits
-        path: coverage
+        token: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
-        include-hidden-files: true
+        verbose: true

.github/workflows/bootstrap.yml

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ jobs:
               make patch unzip which xz python3 python3-devel tree \
               cmake bison
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@d632683dd7b4114ad314bca15554477dd762a938
+        uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
       - name: Bootstrap clingo
@@ -60,10 +60,10 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           brew install cmake bison tree
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@d632683dd7b4114ad314bca15554477dd762a938
+        uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@f677139bbe7f9c59b41e40162b753c062f5d49a3
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@39cd14951b08e74b54015e9e001cdefcf80e669f
         with:
           python-version: "3.12"
       - name: Bootstrap clingo
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ jobs:
         if: ${{ matrix.runner == 'ubuntu-latest' }}
         run: sudo rm -rf $(command -v gpg gpg2 patchelf)
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@d632683dd7b4114ad314bca15554477dd762a938
+        uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
       - name: Bootstrap GnuPG
@@ -112,10 +112,10 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.runner }}
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        runner: ['macos-13', 'macos-14', "ubuntu-latest", "windows-latest"]
+        runner: ['macos-13', 'macos-14', "ubuntu-latest"]
     steps:
       - name: Setup macOS
-        if: ${{ matrix.runner != 'ubuntu-latest' && matrix.runner != 'windows-latest'}}
+        if: ${{ matrix.runner != 'ubuntu-latest' }}
         run: |
           brew install tree
           # Remove GnuPG since we want to bootstrap it
@@ -124,16 +124,11 @@ jobs:
         if: ${{ matrix.runner == 'ubuntu-latest' }}
         run: |
           sudo rm -rf $(which gpg) $(which gpg2) $(which patchelf)
-      - name: Setup Windows
-        if: ${{ matrix.runner == 'windows-latest' }}
-        run: |
-          Remove-Item -Path (Get-Command gpg).Path
-          Remove-Item -Path (Get-Command file).Path
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@d632683dd7b4114ad314bca15554477dd762a938
+        uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@f677139bbe7f9c59b41e40162b753c062f5d49a3
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@39cd14951b08e74b54015e9e001cdefcf80e669f
         with:
           python-version: |
             3.8
@@ -142,20 +137,11 @@ jobs:
             3.11
             3.12
       - name: Set bootstrap sources
-        env:
-          SETUP_SCRIPT_EXT: ${{ matrix.runner == 'windows-latest' && 'ps1' || 'sh' }}
-          SETUP_SCRIPT_SOURCE: ${{ matrix.runner == 'windows-latest' && './' || 'source ' }}
-        run: |
-          ${{ env.SETUP_SCRIPT_SOURCE }}share/spack/setup-env.${{ env.SETUP_SCRIPT_EXT }}
-          spack bootstrap disable github-actions-v0.4
-      - name: Disable from source bootstrap
-        if: ${{ matrix.runner != 'windows-latest' }}
         run: |
           source share/spack/setup-env.sh
+          spack bootstrap disable github-actions-v0.4
           spack bootstrap disable spack-install
       - name: Bootstrap clingo
-        # No binary clingo on Windows yet
-        if: ${{ matrix.runner != 'windows-latest' }}
         run: |
           set -e
           for ver in '3.8' '3.9' '3.10' '3.11' '3.12' ; do
@@ -178,24 +164,7 @@ jobs:
             fi
           done
       - name: Bootstrap GnuPG
-        env:
-          SETUP_SCRIPT_EXT: ${{ matrix.runner == 'windows-latest' && 'ps1' || 'sh' }}
-          SETUP_SCRIPT_SOURCE: ${{ matrix.runner == 'windows-latest' && './' || 'source ' }}
-          USER_SCOPE_PARENT_DIR: ${{ matrix.runner == 'windows-latest' && '$env:userprofile' || '$HOME' }}
-          VALIDATE_LAST_EXIT: ${{ matrix.runner == 'windows-latest' && './share/spack/qa/validate_last_exit.ps1' || '' }}
         run: |
-          ${{ env.SETUP_SCRIPT_SOURCE }}share/spack/setup-env.${{ env.SETUP_SCRIPT_EXT }}
+          source share/spack/setup-env.sh
           spack -d gpg list
-          ${{ env.VALIDATE_LAST_EXIT }}
+          tree ~/.spack/bootstrap/store/
-          tree ${{ env.USER_SCOPE_PARENT_DIR }}/.spack/bootstrap/store/
-      - name: Bootstrap File
-        env:
-          SETUP_SCRIPT_EXT: ${{ matrix.runner == 'windows-latest' && 'ps1' || 'sh' }}
-          SETUP_SCRIPT_SOURCE: ${{ matrix.runner == 'windows-latest' && './' || 'source ' }}
-          USER_SCOPE_PARENT_DIR: ${{ matrix.runner == 'windows-latest' && '$env:userprofile' || '$HOME' }}
-          VALIDATE_LAST_EXIT: ${{ matrix.runner == 'windows-latest' && './share/spack/qa/validate_last_exit.ps1' || '' }}
-        run: |
-          ${{ env.SETUP_SCRIPT_SOURCE }}share/spack/setup-env.${{ env.SETUP_SCRIPT_EXT }}
-          spack -d python share/spack/qa/bootstrap-file.py
-          ${{ env.VALIDATE_LAST_EXIT }}
-          tree ${{ env.USER_SCOPE_PARENT_DIR }}/.spack/bootstrap/store/

.github/workflows/build-containers.yml

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ jobs:
     if: github.repository == 'spack/spack'
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@d632683dd7b4114ad314bca15554477dd762a938
+        uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332
 
       - uses: docker/metadata-action@8e5442c4ef9f78752691e2d8f8d19755c6f78e81
         id: docker_meta
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ jobs:
           fi
 
       - name: Upload Dockerfile
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@50769540e7f4bd5e21e526ee35c689e35e0d6874
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@834a144ee995460fba8ed112a2fc961b36a5ec5a
         with:
           name: dockerfiles_${{ matrix.dockerfile[0] }}
           path: dockerfiles
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ jobs:
           password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
 
       - name: Build & Deploy ${{ matrix.dockerfile[0] }}
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@32945a339266b759abcbdc89316275140b0fc960
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@5cd11c3a4ced054e52742c5fd54dca954e0edd85
         with:
           context: dockerfiles/${{ matrix.dockerfile[0] }}
           platforms: ${{ matrix.dockerfile[1] }}
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ jobs:
     needs: deploy-images
     steps:
       - name: Merge Artifacts
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact/merge@50769540e7f4bd5e21e526ee35c689e35e0d6874
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact/merge@834a144ee995460fba8ed112a2fc961b36a5ec5a
         with:
           name: dockerfiles
           pattern: dockerfiles_*

.github/workflows/ci.yaml

@@ -15,6 +15,18 @@ concurrency:
   cancel-in-progress: true
 
 jobs:
+  prechecks:
+    needs: [ changes ]
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/valid-style.yml
+    secrets: inherit
+    with:
+      with_coverage: ${{ needs.changes.outputs.core }}
+  all-prechecks:
+    needs: [ prechecks ]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - name: Success
+      run: "true"
   # Check which files have been updated by the PR
   changes:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
@@ -24,7 +36,7 @@ jobs:
       core: ${{ steps.filter.outputs.core }}
       packages: ${{ steps.filter.outputs.packages }}
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@d632683dd7b4114ad314bca15554477dd762a938
+      - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332
         if: ${{ github.event_name == 'push' }}
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
@@ -67,34 +79,13 @@ jobs:
     needs: [ prechecks, changes ]
     uses: ./.github/workflows/bootstrap.yml
     secrets: inherit
-
   unit-tests:
     if: ${{ github.repository == 'spack/spack' && needs.changes.outputs.core == 'true' }}
     needs: [ prechecks, changes ]
     uses: ./.github/workflows/unit_tests.yaml
     secrets: inherit
-
-  prechecks:
-    needs: [ changes ]
-    uses: ./.github/workflows/valid-style.yml
-    secrets: inherit
-    with:
-      with_coverage: ${{ needs.changes.outputs.core }}
-
-  all-prechecks:
-    needs: [ prechecks ]
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-    - name: Success
-      run: "true"
-
-  coverage:
-    needs: [ unit-tests, prechecks ]
-    uses: ./.github/workflows/coverage.yml
-    secrets: inherit
-
   all:
-    needs: [ coverage, bootstrap ]
+    needs: [ unit-tests, bootstrap ]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
     - name: Success

.github/workflows/coverage.yml

@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
-name: coverage
-
-on:
-  workflow_call:
-
-jobs:
-  # Upload coverage reports to codecov once as a single bundle
-  upload:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@f677139bbe7f9c59b41e40162b753c062f5d49a3
-      with:
-        python-version: '3.11'
-        cache: 'pip'
-
-    - name: Install python dependencies
-      run: pip install -r .github/workflows/requirements/coverage/requirements.txt
-
-    - name: Download coverage artifact files
-      uses: actions/download-artifact@fa0a91b85d4f404e444e00e005971372dc801d16
-      with:
-        pattern: coverage-*
-        path: coverage
-        merge-multiple: true
-
-    - run: ls -la coverage
-    - run: coverage combine -a coverage/.coverage*
-    - run: coverage xml
-
-    - name: "Upload coverage report to CodeCov"
-      uses: codecov/codecov-action@e28ff129e5465c2c0dcc6f003fc735cb6ae0c673
-      with:
-        verbose: true

.github/workflows/nightly-win-builds.yml

@@ -14,10 +14,10 @@ jobs:
   build-paraview-deps:
     runs-on: windows-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@d632683dd7b4114ad314bca15554477dd762a938
+    - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332
       with:
         fetch-depth: 0
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@f677139bbe7f9c59b41e40162b753c062f5d49a3
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@39cd14951b08e74b54015e9e001cdefcf80e669f
       with:
         python-version: 3.9
     - name: Install Python packages

.github/workflows/requirements/coverage/requirements.txt

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-coverage==7.6.1

.github/workflows/unit_tests.yaml

@@ -40,10 +40,10 @@ jobs:
           on_develop: false
 
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@d632683dd7b4114ad314bca15554477dd762a938
+    - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332
       with:
         fetch-depth: 0
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@f677139bbe7f9c59b41e40162b753c062f5d49a3
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@39cd14951b08e74b54015e9e001cdefcf80e669f
       with:
         python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
     - name: Install System packages
@@ -76,23 +76,22 @@ jobs:
           SPACK_PYTHON: python
           SPACK_TEST_PARALLEL: 2
           COVERAGE: true
-          COVERAGE_FILE: coverage/.coverage-${{ matrix.os }}-python${{ matrix.python-version }}
           UNIT_TEST_COVERAGE: ${{ matrix.python-version == '3.11' }}
       run: |
           share/spack/qa/run-unit-tests
-    - uses: actions/upload-artifact@50769540e7f4bd5e21e526ee35c689e35e0d6874
+    - uses: codecov/codecov-action@e28ff129e5465c2c0dcc6f003fc735cb6ae0c673
       with:
-        name: coverage-${{ matrix.os }}-python${{ matrix.python-version }}
+        flags: unittests,linux,${{ matrix.concretizer }}
-        path: coverage
+        token: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
-        include-hidden-files: true
+        verbose: true
   # Test shell integration
   shell:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@d632683dd7b4114ad314bca15554477dd762a938
+    - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332
       with:
         fetch-depth: 0
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@f677139bbe7f9c59b41e40162b753c062f5d49a3
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@39cd14951b08e74b54015e9e001cdefcf80e669f
       with:
         python-version: '3.11'
     - name: Install System packages
@@ -113,11 +112,11 @@ jobs:
           COVERAGE: true
       run: |
           share/spack/qa/run-shell-tests
-    - uses: actions/upload-artifact@50769540e7f4bd5e21e526ee35c689e35e0d6874
+    - uses: codecov/codecov-action@e28ff129e5465c2c0dcc6f003fc735cb6ae0c673
       with:
-        name: coverage-shell
+        flags: shelltests,linux
-        path: coverage
+        token: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
-        include-hidden-files: true
+        verbose: true
 
   # Test RHEL8 UBI with platform Python. This job is run
   # only on PRs modifying core Spack
@@ -130,7 +129,7 @@ jobs:
           dnf install -y \
               bzip2 curl file gcc-c++ gcc gcc-gfortran git gnupg2 gzip \
               make patch tcl unzip which xz
-    - uses: actions/checkout@d632683dd7b4114ad314bca15554477dd762a938
+    - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332
     - name: Setup repo and non-root user
       run: |
           git --version
@@ -149,10 +148,10 @@ jobs:
   clingo-cffi:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@d632683dd7b4114ad314bca15554477dd762a938
+    - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332
       with:
         fetch-depth: 0
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@f677139bbe7f9c59b41e40162b753c062f5d49a3
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@39cd14951b08e74b54015e9e001cdefcf80e669f
       with:
         python-version: '3.11'
     - name: Install System packages
@@ -171,14 +170,13 @@ jobs:
     - name: Run unit tests (full suite with coverage)
       env:
           COVERAGE: true
-          COVERAGE_FILE: coverage/.coverage-clingo-cffi
       run: |
           share/spack/qa/run-unit-tests
-    - uses: actions/upload-artifact@50769540e7f4bd5e21e526ee35c689e35e0d6874
+    - uses: codecov/codecov-action@e28ff129e5465c2c0dcc6f003fc735cb6ae0c673
       with:
-        name: coverage-clingo-cffi
+        flags: unittests,linux,clingo
-        path: coverage
+        token: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
-        include-hidden-files: true
+        verbose: true
   # Run unit tests on MacOS
   macos:
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
@@ -187,10 +185,10 @@ jobs:
         os: [macos-13, macos-14]
         python-version: ["3.11"]
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@d632683dd7b4114ad314bca15554477dd762a938
+    - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332
       with:
         fetch-depth: 0
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@f677139bbe7f9c59b41e40162b753c062f5d49a3
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@39cd14951b08e74b54015e9e001cdefcf80e669f
       with:
         python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
     - name: Install Python packages
@@ -203,7 +201,6 @@ jobs:
     - name: Run unit tests
       env:
         SPACK_TEST_PARALLEL: 4
-        COVERAGE_FILE: coverage/.coverage-${{ matrix.os }}-python${{ matrix.python-version }}
       run: |
         git --version
         . .github/workflows/bin/setup_git.sh
@@ -212,11 +209,11 @@ jobs:
         $(which spack) solve zlib
         common_args=(--dist loadfile --tx '4*popen//python=./bin/spack-tmpconfig python -u ./bin/spack python' -x)
         $(which spack) unit-test --verbose --cov --cov-config=pyproject.toml --cov-report=xml:coverage.xml "${common_args[@]}"
-    - uses: actions/upload-artifact@50769540e7f4bd5e21e526ee35c689e35e0d6874
+    - uses: codecov/codecov-action@e28ff129e5465c2c0dcc6f003fc735cb6ae0c673
       with:
-        name: coverage-${{ matrix.os }}-python${{ matrix.python-version }}
+        flags: unittests,macos
-        path: coverage
+        token: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
-        include-hidden-files: true
+        verbose: true
   # Run unit tests on Windows
   windows:
     defaults:
@@ -225,10 +222,10 @@ jobs:
           powershell Invoke-Expression -Command "./share/spack/qa/windows_test_setup.ps1"; {0}
     runs-on: windows-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@d632683dd7b4114ad314bca15554477dd762a938
+    - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332
       with:
         fetch-depth: 0
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@f677139bbe7f9c59b41e40162b753c062f5d49a3
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@39cd14951b08e74b54015e9e001cdefcf80e669f
       with:
         python-version: 3.9
     - name: Install Python packages
@@ -238,13 +235,13 @@ jobs:
       run: |
         ./.github/workflows/bin/setup_git.ps1
     - name: Unit Test
-      env:
-        COVERAGE_FILE: coverage/.coverage-windows
       run: |
         spack unit-test -x --verbose --cov --cov-config=pyproject.toml
         ./share/spack/qa/validate_last_exit.ps1
-    - uses: actions/upload-artifact@50769540e7f4bd5e21e526ee35c689e35e0d6874
+        coverage combine -a
+        coverage xml
+    - uses: codecov/codecov-action@e28ff129e5465c2c0dcc6f003fc735cb6ae0c673
       with:
-        name: coverage-windows
+        flags: unittests,windows
-        path: coverage
+        token: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
-        include-hidden-files: true
+        verbose: true

.github/workflows/valid-style.yml

@@ -18,8 +18,8 @@ jobs:
   validate:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@d632683dd7b4114ad314bca15554477dd762a938
+    - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@f677139bbe7f9c59b41e40162b753c062f5d49a3
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@39cd14951b08e74b54015e9e001cdefcf80e669f
       with:
         python-version: '3.11'
         cache: 'pip'
@@ -35,10 +35,10 @@ jobs:
   style:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@d632683dd7b4114ad314bca15554477dd762a938
+    - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332
       with:
         fetch-depth: 0
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@f677139bbe7f9c59b41e40162b753c062f5d49a3
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@39cd14951b08e74b54015e9e001cdefcf80e669f
       with:
         python-version: '3.11'
         cache: 'pip'
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ jobs:
           dnf install -y \
               bzip2 curl file gcc-c++ gcc gcc-gfortran git gnupg2 gzip \
               make patch tcl unzip which xz
-      - uses: actions/checkout@d632683dd7b4114ad314bca15554477dd762a938
+      - uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332
       - name: Setup repo and non-root user
         run: |
           git --version
@@ -87,62 +87,3 @@ jobs:
           spack -d bootstrap now --dev
           spack style -t black
           spack unit-test -V
-  import-check:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-    - uses: julia-actions/setup-julia@v2
-      with:
-        version: '1.10'
-    - uses: julia-actions/cache@v2
-
-    # PR: use the base of the PR as the old commit
-    - name: Checkout PR base commit
-      if: github.event_name == 'pull_request'
-      uses: actions/checkout@d632683dd7b4114ad314bca15554477dd762a938
-      with:
-        ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.base.sha }}
-        path: old
-    # not a PR: use the previous commit as the old commit
-    - name: Checkout previous commit
-      if: github.event_name != 'pull_request'
-      uses: actions/checkout@d632683dd7b4114ad314bca15554477dd762a938
-      with:
-        fetch-depth: 2
-        path: old
-    - name: Checkout previous commit
-      if: github.event_name != 'pull_request'
-      run: git -C old reset --hard HEAD^
-
-    - name: Checkout new commit
-      uses: actions/checkout@d632683dd7b4114ad314bca15554477dd762a938
-      with:
-        path: new
-    - name: Install circular import checker
-      uses: actions/checkout@d632683dd7b4114ad314bca15554477dd762a938
-      with:
-        repository: haampie/circular-import-fighter
-        ref: 555519c6fd5564fd2eb844e7b87e84f4d12602e2
-        path: circular-import-fighter
-    - name: Install dependencies
-      working-directory: circular-import-fighter
-      run: make -j dependencies
-    - name: Import cycles before
-      working-directory: circular-import-fighter
-      run: make SPACK_ROOT=../old && cp solution solution.old
-    - name: Import cycles after
-      working-directory: circular-import-fighter
-      run: make clean-graph && make SPACK_ROOT=../new && cp solution solution.new
-    - name: Compare import cycles
-      working-directory: circular-import-fighter
-      run: |
-        edges_before="$(grep -oP 'edges to delete: \K\d+' solution.old)"
-        edges_after="$(grep -oP 'edges to delete: \K\d+' solution.new)"
-        if [ "$edges_after" -gt "$edges_before" ]; then
-          printf '\033[1;31mImport check failed: %s imports need to be deleted, ' "$edges_after"
-          printf 'previously this was %s\033[0m\n'  "$edges_before"
-          printf 'Compare \033[1;97m"Import cycles before"\033[0m and '
-          printf '\033[1;97m"Import cycles after"\033[0m to see problematic imports.\n'
-          exit 1
-        else
-          printf '\033[1;32mImport check passed: %s <= %s\033[0m\n' "$edges_after" "$edges_before"
-        fi

README.md

@@ -46,18 +46,13 @@ See the
 [Feature Overview](https://spack.readthedocs.io/en/latest/features.html)
 for examples and highlights.
 
-To install spack and your first package, make sure you have Python & Git.
+To install spack and your first package, make sure you have Python.
 Then:
 
-    $ git clone -c feature.manyFiles=true --depth=2 https://github.com/spack/spack.git
+    $ git clone -c feature.manyFiles=true https://github.com/spack/spack.git
     $ cd spack/bin
     $ ./spack install zlib
 
-> [!TIP]
-> `-c feature.manyFiles=true` improves git's performance on repositories with 1,000+ files.
->
-> `--depth=2` prunes the git history to reduce the size of the Spack installation.
-
 Documentation
 ----------------
 

etc/spack/defaults/config.yaml

@@ -115,6 +115,12 @@ config:
   suppress_gpg_warnings: false
 
 
+  # If set to true, Spack will attempt to build any compiler on the spec
+  # that is not already available. If set to False, Spack will only use
+  # compilers already configured in compilers.yaml
+  install_missing_compilers: false
+
+
   # If set to true, Spack will always check checksums after downloading
   # archives. If false, Spack skips the checksum step.
   checksum: true

etc/spack/defaults/packages.yaml

@@ -72,13 +72,3 @@ packages:
     permissions:
       read: world
       write: user
-  cray-mpich:
-    buildable: false
-  cray-mvapich2:
-    buildable: false
-  fujitsu-mpi:
-    buildable: false
-  hpcx-mpi:
-    buildable: false
-  spectrum-mpi:
-    buildable: false

lib/spack/docs/basic_usage.rst

@@ -1175,17 +1175,6 @@ unspecified version, but packages can depend on other packages with
 could depend on ``mpich@1.2:`` if it can only build with version
 ``1.2`` or higher of ``mpich``.
 
-.. note:: Windows Spec Syntax Caveats
-   Windows has a few idiosyncrasies when it comes to the Spack spec syntax and the use of certain shells
-   Spack's spec dependency syntax uses the carat (``^``) character, however this is an escape string in CMD
-   so it must be escaped with an additional carat (i.e. ``^^``).
-   CMD also will attempt to interpret strings with ``=`` characters in them. Any spec including this symbol
-   must double quote the string.
-
-   Note: All of these issues are unique to CMD, they can be avoided by using Powershell.
-
-   For more context on these caveats see the related issues: `carat <https://github.com/spack/spack/issues/42833>`_ and `equals <https://github.com/spack/spack/issues/43348>`_
-
 Below are more details about the specifiers that you can add to specs.
 
 .. _version-specifier:

lib/spack/docs/chain.rst

@@ -5,9 +5,9 @@
 
 .. chain:
 
-=============================================
+============================
-Chaining Spack Installations (upstreams.yaml)
+Chaining Spack Installations
-=============================================
+============================
 
 You can point your Spack installation to another installation to use any
 packages that are installed there. To register the other Spack instance,

lib/spack/docs/conf.py

@@ -218,8 +218,6 @@ def setup(sphinx):
     ("py:class", "spack.spec.SpecfileReaderBase"),
     ("py:class", "spack.install_test.Pb"),
     ("py:class", "spack.filesystem_view.SimpleFilesystemView"),
-    ("py:class", "spack.traverse.EdgeAndDepth"),
-    ("py:class", "archspec.cpu.microarchitecture.Microarchitecture"),
 ]
 
 # The reST default role (used for this markup: `text`) to use for all documents.

lib/spack/docs/contribution_guide.rst

@@ -316,215 +316,6 @@ documentation tests to make sure there are no errors. Documentation changes can
 in some obfuscated warning messages. If you don't understand what they mean, feel free
 to ask when you submit your PR.
 
-.. _spack-builders-and-pipelines:
-
-^^^^^^^^^
-GitLab CI
-^^^^^^^^^
-
-""""""""""""""""""
-Build Cache Stacks
-""""""""""""""""""
-
-Spack welcomes the contribution of software stacks of interest to the community. These
-stacks are used to test package recipes and generate publicly available build caches.
-Spack uses GitLab CI for managing the orchestration of build jobs.
-
-GitLab Entry Point
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-Add stack entrypoint to the ``share/spack/gitlab/cloud_pipelines/.gitlab-ci.yml``. There
-are two stages required for each new stack, the generation stage and the build stage.
-
-The generate stage is defined using the job template ``.generate`` configured with
-environment variables defining the name of the stack in ``SPACK_CI_STACK_NAME`` and the
-platform (``SPACK_TARGET_PLATFORM``) and architecture (``SPACK_TARGET_ARCH``) configuration,
-and the tags associated with the class of runners to build on.
-
-.. note::
-
-    The ``SPACK_CI_STACK_NAME`` must match the name of the directory containing the
-    stacks ``spack.yaml``.
-
-
-.. note::
-
-    The platform and architecture variables are specified in order to select the
-    correct configurations from the generic configurations used in Spack CI. The
-    configurations currently available are:
-
-    * ``.cray_rhel_zen4``
-    * ``.cray_sles_zen4``
-    * ``.darwin_aarch64``
-    * ``.darwin_x86_64``
-    * ``.linux_aarch64``
-    * ``.linux_icelake``
-    * ``.linux_neoverse_n1``
-    * ``.linux_neoverse_v1``
-    * ``.linux_neoverse_v2``
-    * ``.linux_power``
-    * ``.linux_skylake``
-    * ``.linux_x86_64``
-    * ``.linux_x86_64_v4``
-
-    New configurations can be added to accommodate new platforms and architectures.
-
-
-The build stage is defined as a trigger job that consumes the GitLab CI pipeline generated in
-the generate stage for this stack. Build stage jobs use the ``.build`` job template which
-handles the basic configuration.
-
-An example entry point for a new stack called ``my-super-cool-stack``
-
-.. code-block:: yaml
-
-    .my-super-cool-stack:
-      extends: [ ".linux_x86_64_v3" ]
-      variables:
-        SPACK_CI_STACK_NAME: my-super-cool-stack
-        tags: [ "all", "tags", "your", "job", "needs"]
-
-    my-super-cool-stack-generate:
-      extends: [ ".generate", ".my-super-cool-stack" ]
-      image: my-super-cool-stack-image:0.0.1
-
-    my-super-cool-stack-build:
-      extends: [ ".build", ".my-super-cool-stack" ]
-      trigger:
-        include:
-          - artifact: jobs_scratch_dir/cloud-ci-pipeline.yml
-            job: my-super-cool-stack-generate
-        strategy: depend
-      needs:
-        - artifacts: True
-          job: my-super-cool-stack-generate
-
-
-Stack Configuration
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-The stack configuration is a spack environment file with two additional sections added.
-Stack configurations should be located in ``share/spack/gitlab/cloud_pipelines/stacks/<stack_name>/spack.yaml``.
-
-The ``ci`` section is generally used to define stack specific mappings such as image or tags.
-For more information on what can go into the ``ci`` section refer to the docs on pipelines.
-
-The ``cdash`` section is used for defining where to upload the results of builds. Spack configures
-most of the details for posting pipeline results to
-`cdash.spack.io <https://cdash.spack.io/index.php?project=Spack+Testing>`_. The only
-requirement in the stack configuration is to define a ``build-group`` that is unique,
-this is usually the long name of the stack.
-
-An example stack that builds ``zlib``.
-
-.. code-block:: yaml
-
-    spack:
-      view: false
-      packages:
-        all:
-          require: ["%gcc", "target=x86_64_v3"]
-      specs:
-      - zlib
-
-      ci:
-        pipeline-gen
-        - build-job:
-            image: my-super-cool-stack-image:0.0.1
-
-      cdash:
-        build-group: My Super Cool Stack
-
-.. note::
-
-    The ``image`` used in the ``*-generate`` job must match exactly the ``image`` used in the ``build-job``.
-    When the images do not match the build job may fail.
-
-
-"""""""""""""""""""
-Registering Runners
-"""""""""""""""""""
-
-Contributing computational resources to Spack's CI build farm is one way to help expand the
-capabilities and offerings of the public Spack build caches. Currently, Spack utilizes linux runners
-from AWS, Google, and the University of Oregon (UO).
-
-Runners require three key peices:
-* Runner Registration Token
-* Accurate tags
-* OIDC Authentication script
-* GPG keys
-
-
-Minimum GitLab Runner Version: ``16.1.0``
-`Intallation instructions <https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/install/>`_
-
-Registration Token
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-The first step to contribute new runners is to open an issue in the `spack infrastructure <https://github.com/spack/spack-infrastructure/issues/new?assignees=&labels=runner-registration&projects=&template=runner_registration.yml>`_
-project. This will be reported to the spack infrastructure team who will guide users through the process
-of registering new runners for Spack CI.
-
-The information needed to register a runner is the motivation for the new resources, a semi-detailed description of
-the runner, and finallly the point of contact for maintaining the software on the runner.
-
-The point of contact will then work with the infrastruture team to obtain runner registration token(s) for interacting with
-with Spack's GitLab instance. Once the runner is active, this point of contact will also be responsible for updating the
-GitLab runner software to keep pace with Spack's Gitlab.
-
-Tagging
-~~~~~~~
-
-In the initial stages of runner registration it is important to **exclude** the special tag ``spack``. This will prevent
-the new runner(s) from being picked up for production CI jobs while it is configured and evaluated. Once it is determined
-that the runner is ready for production use the ``spack`` tag will be added.
-
-Because gitlab has no concept of tag exclustion, runners that provide specialized resource also require specialized tags.
-For example, a basic CPU only x86_64 runner may have a tag ``x86_64`` associated with it. However, a runner containing an
-CUDA capable GPU may have the tag ``x86_64-cuda`` to denote that it should only be used for packages that will benefit from
-a CUDA capable resource.
-
-OIDC
-~~~~
-
-Spack runners use OIDC authentication for connecting to the appropriate AWS bucket
-which is used for coordinating the communication of binaries between build jobs. In
-order to configure OIDC authentication, Spack CI runners use a python script with minimal
-dependencies. This script can be configured for runners as seen here using the ``pre_build_script``.
-
-.. code-block:: toml
-
-    [[runners]]
-      pre_build_script = """
-      echo 'Executing Spack pre-build setup script'
-
-      for cmd in "${PY3:-}" python3 python; do
-        if command -v > /dev/null "$cmd"; then
-          export PY3="$(command -v "$cmd")"
-          break
-        fi
-      done
-
-      if [ -z "${PY3:-}" ]; then
-        echo "Unable to find python3 executable"
-        exit 1
-      fi
-
-      $PY3 -c "import urllib.request;urllib.request.urlretrieve('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/spack/spack-infrastructure/main/scripts/gitlab_runner_pre_build/pre_build.py', 'pre_build.py')"
-      $PY3 pre_build.py > envvars
-
-      . ./envvars
-      rm -f envvars
-      unset GITLAB_OIDC_TOKEN
-      """
-
-GPG Keys
-~~~~~~~~
-
-Runners that may be utilized for ``protected`` CI require the registration of an intermediate signing key that
-can be used to sign packages. For more information on package signing read :ref:`key_architecture`.
-
 --------
 Coverage
 --------

lib/spack/docs/developer_guide.rst

@@ -181,6 +181,10 @@ Spec-related modules
 :mod:`spack.parser`
   Contains :class:`~spack.parser.SpecParser` and functions related to parsing specs.
 
+:mod:`spack.concretize`
+  Contains :class:`~spack.concretize.Concretizer` implementation,
+  which allows site administrators to change Spack's :ref:`concretization-policies`.
+
 :mod:`spack.version`
   Implements a simple :class:`~spack.version.Version` class with simple
   comparison semantics.  Also implements :class:`~spack.version.VersionRange`

lib/spack/docs/environments.rst

@@ -414,13 +414,7 @@ default, it will also clone the package to a subdirectory in the
 environment. This package will have a special variant ``dev_path``
 set, and Spack will ensure the package and its dependents are rebuilt
 any time the environment is installed if the package's local source
-code has been modified. Spack's native implementation to check for modifications
+code has been modified. Spack ensures that all instances of a
-is to check if ``mtime`` is newer than the installation.
-A custom check can be created by overriding the ``detect_dev_src_change`` method 
-in your package class. This is particularly useful for projects using custom spack repo's 
-to drive development and want to optimize performance. 
-
-Spack ensures that all instances of a
 developed package in the environment are concretized to match the
 version (and other constraints) passed as the spec argument to the
 ``spack develop`` command.
@@ -869,7 +863,7 @@ named list ``compilers`` is ``['%gcc', '%clang', '%intel']`` on
    spack:
      definitions:
        - compilers: ['%gcc', '%clang']
-       - when: arch.satisfies('target=x86_64:')
+       - when: arch.satisfies('x86_64:')
          compilers: ['%intel']
 
 .. note::

lib/spack/docs/getting_started.rst

@@ -61,15 +61,10 @@ Getting Spack is easy.  You can clone it from the `github repository
 
 .. code-block:: console
 
-   $ git clone -c feature.manyFiles=true --depth=2 https://github.com/spack/spack.git
+   $ git clone -c feature.manyFiles=true https://github.com/spack/spack.git
 
 This will create a directory called ``spack``.
 
-.. note::
-   ``-c feature.manyFiles=true`` improves git's performance on repositories with 1,000+ files.
-
-   ``--depth=2`` prunes the git history to reduce the size of the Spack installation.
-
 .. _shell-support:
 
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^
@@ -1480,14 +1475,16 @@ in a Windows CMD prompt.
 Step 3: Run and configure Spack
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
-On Windows, Spack supports both primary native shells, Powershell and the traditional command prompt.
+To use Spack, run ``bin\spack_cmd.bat`` (you may need to Run as Administrator) from the top-level spack
-To use Spack, pick your favorite shell, and run ``bin\spack_cmd.bat`` or ``share/spack/setup-env.ps1``
+directory. This will provide a Windows command prompt with an environment properly set up with Spack
-(you may need to Run as Administrator) from the top-level spack
+and its prerequisites. If you receive a warning message that Python is not in your ``PATH``
-directory. This will provide a Spack enabled shell. If you receive a warning message that Python is not in your ``PATH``
 (which may happen if you installed Python from the website and not the Windows Store) add the location
 of the Python executable to your ``PATH`` now. You can permanently add Python to your ``PATH`` variable
 by using the ``Edit the system environment variables`` utility in Windows Control Panel.
 
+.. note::
+   Alternatively, Powershell can be used in place of CMD
+
 To configure Spack, first run the following command inside the Spack console:
 
 .. code-block:: console
@@ -1552,7 +1549,7 @@ and not tabs, so ensure that this is the case when editing one directly.
 
 .. note:: Cygwin
    The use of Cygwin is not officially supported by Spack and is not tested.
-   However Spack will not prevent this, so use if choosing to use Spack
+   However Spack will not throw an error, so use if choosing to use Spack
    with Cygwin, know that no functionality is garunteed.
 
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
@@ -1566,12 +1563,21 @@ Spack console via:
 
    spack install cpuinfo
 
-If in the previous step, you did not have CMake or Ninja installed, running the command above should install both packages
+If in the previous step, you did not have CMake or Ninja installed, running the command above should bootstrap both packages
 
-.. note:: Spec Syntax Caveats
+"""""""""""""""""""""""""""
-   Windows has a few idiosyncrasies when it comes to the Spack spec syntax and the use of certain shells
+Windows Compatible Packages
-   See the Spack spec syntax doc for more information
+"""""""""""""""""""""""""""
 
+Not all spack packages currently have Windows support. Some are inherently incompatible with the
+platform, and others simply have yet to be ported. To view the current set of packages with Windows
+support, the list command should be used via `spack list -t windows`. If there's a package you'd like
+to install on Windows but is not in that list, feel free to reach out to request the port or contribute
+the port yourself.
+
+.. note::
+   This is by no means a comprehensive list, some packages may have ports that were not tagged
+   while others may just work out of the box on Windows and have not been tagged as such.
 
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 For developers
@@ -1581,3 +1587,6 @@ The intent is to provide a Windows installer that will automatically set up
 Python, Git, and Spack, instead of requiring the user to do so manually.
 Instructions for creating the installer are at
 https://github.com/spack/spack/blob/develop/lib/spack/spack/cmd/installer/README.md
+
+Alternatively a pre-built copy of the Windows installer is available as an artifact of Spack's Windows CI
+available at each run of the CI on develop or any PR.

lib/spack/docs/index.rst

@@ -39,15 +39,10 @@ package:
 
 .. code-block:: console
 
-   $ git clone -c feature.manyFiles=true --depth=2 https://github.com/spack/spack.git
+   $ git clone -c feature.manyFiles=true https://github.com/spack/spack.git
    $ cd spack/bin
    $ ./spack install libelf
 
-.. note::
-   ``-c feature.manyFiles=true`` improves git's performance on repositories with 1,000+ files.
-
-   ``--depth=2`` prunes the git history to reduce the size of the Spack installation.
-
 If you're new to spack and want to start using it, see :doc:`getting_started`,
 or refer to the full manual below.
 

lib/spack/docs/pipelines.rst

@@ -663,7 +663,11 @@ build the package.
 
 When including a bootstrapping phase as in the example above, the result is that
 the bootstrapped compiler packages will be pushed to the binary mirror (and the
-local artifacts mirror) before the actual release specs are built.
+local artifacts mirror) before the actual release specs are built. In this case,
+the jobs corresponding to subsequent release specs are configured to
+``install_missing_compilers``, so that if spack is asked to install a package
+with a compiler it doesn't know about, it can be quickly installed from the
+binary mirror first.
 
 Since bootstrapping compilers is optional, those items can be left out of the
 environment/stack file, and in that case no bootstrapping will be done (only the

lib/spack/docs/requirements.txt

@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ sphinx-rtd-theme==2.0.0
 python-levenshtein==0.25.1
 docutils==0.20.1
 pygments==2.18.0
-urllib3==2.2.3
+urllib3==2.2.2
-pytest==8.3.3
+pytest==8.3.2
 isort==5.13.2
 black==24.8.0
 flake8==7.1.1

lib/spack/env/cc

@@ -101,9 +101,10 @@ setsep() {
     esac
 }
 
-# prepend LISTNAME ELEMENT
+# prepend LISTNAME ELEMENT [SEP]
 #
-# Prepend ELEMENT to the list stored in the variable LISTNAME.
+# Prepend ELEMENT to the list stored in the variable LISTNAME,
+# assuming the list is separated by SEP.
 # Handles empty lists and single-element lists.
 prepend() {
     varname="$1"
@@ -118,39 +119,18 @@ prepend() {
     fi
 }
 
-# contains LISTNAME ELEMENT
+# append LISTNAME ELEMENT [SEP]
 #
-# Test whether LISTNAME contains ELEMENT.
+# Append ELEMENT to the list stored in the variable LISTNAME,
-# Set $? to 1 if LISTNAME does not contain ELEMENT.
+# assuming the list is separated by SEP.
-# Set $? to 0 if LISTNAME does not contain ELEMENT.
-contains() {
-    varname="$1"
-    elt="$2"
-
-    setsep "$varname"
-
-    # the list may: 1) only contain the element, 2) start with the element,
-    # 3) contain the element in the middle, or 4) end wtih the element.
-    eval "[ \"\${$varname}\" = \"$elt\" ]" \
-        || eval "[ \"\${$varname#${elt}${sep}}\" != \"\${$varname}\" ]" \
-        || eval "[ \"\${$varname#*${sep}${elt}${sep}}\" != \"\${$varname}\" ]" \
-        || eval "[ \"\${$varname%${sep}${elt}}\" != \"\${$varname}\" ]"
-}
-
-# append LISTNAME ELEMENT [unique]
-#
-# Append ELEMENT to the list stored in the variable LISTNAME.
 # Handles empty lists and single-element lists.
-#
-# If the third argument is provided and if it is the string 'unique',
-# this will not append if ELEMENT is already in the list LISTNAME.
 append() {
     varname="$1"
     elt="$2"
 
     if empty "$varname"; then
         eval "$varname=\"\${elt}\""
-    elif [ "$3" != "unique" ] || ! contains "$varname" "$elt" ; then
+    else
         # Get the appropriate separator for the list we're appending to.
         setsep "$varname"
         eval "$varname=\"\${$varname}${sep}\${elt}\""
@@ -168,21 +148,10 @@ extend() {
     if [ "$sep" != " " ]; then
         IFS="$sep"
     fi
-    eval "for elt in \${$2}; do append $1 \"$3\${elt}\" ${_append_args}; done"
+    eval "for elt in \${$2}; do append $1 \"$3\${elt}\"; done"
     unset IFS
 }
 
-# extend_unique LISTNAME1 LISTNAME2 [PREFIX]
-#
-# Append the elements stored in the variable LISTNAME2 to the list
-# stored in LISTNAME1, if they are not already present.
-# If PREFIX is provided, prepend it to each element.
-extend_unique() {
-    _append_args="unique"
-    extend "$@"
-    unset _append_args
-}
-
 # preextend LISTNAME1 LISTNAME2 [PREFIX]
 #
 # Prepend the elements stored in the list at LISTNAME2
@@ -269,36 +238,6 @@ esac
 }
 "
 
-# path_list functions. Path_lists have 3 parts: spack_store_<list>, <list> and system_<list>,
-# which are used to prioritize paths when assembling the final command line.
-
-# init_path_lists LISTNAME
-# Set <LISTNAME>, spack_store_<LISTNAME>, and system_<LISTNAME> to "".
-init_path_lists() {
-    eval "spack_store_$1=\"\""
-    eval "$1=\"\""
-    eval "system_$1=\"\""
-}
-
-# assign_path_lists LISTNAME1 LISTNAME2
-# Copy contents of LISTNAME2 into LISTNAME1, for each path_list prefix.
-assign_path_lists() {
-    eval "spack_store_$1=\"\${spack_store_$2}\""
-    eval "$1=\"\${$2}\""
-    eval "system_$1=\"\${system_$2}\""
-}
-
-# append_path_lists LISTNAME ELT
-# Append the provided ELT to the appropriate list, based on the result of path_order().
-append_path_lists() {
-    path_order "$2"
-    case $? in
-        0) eval "append spack_store_$1 \"\$2\"" ;;
-        1) eval "append $1 \"\$2\"" ;;
-        2) eval "append system_$1 \"\$2\"" ;;
-    esac
-}
-
 # Check if optional parameters are defined
 # If we aren't asking for debug flags, don't add them
 if [ -z "${SPACK_ADD_DEBUG_FLAGS:-}" ]; then
@@ -531,7 +470,12 @@ input_command="$*"
 parse_Wl() {
     while [ $# -ne 0 ]; do
     if [ "$wl_expect_rpath" = yes ]; then
-        append_path_lists return_rpath_dirs_list "$1"
+        path_order "$1"
+        case $? in
+            0) append return_spack_store_rpath_dirs_list "$1" ;;
+            1) append return_rpath_dirs_list "$1" ;;
+            2) append return_system_rpath_dirs_list "$1" ;;
+        esac
         wl_expect_rpath=no
     else
         case "$1" in
@@ -540,14 +484,24 @@ parse_Wl() {
                 if [ -z "$arg" ]; then
                     shift; continue
                 fi
-                append_path_lists return_rpath_dirs_list "$arg"
+                path_order "$arg"
+                case $? in
+                    0) append return_spack_store_rpath_dirs_list "$arg" ;;
+                    1) append return_rpath_dirs_list "$arg" ;;
+                    2) append return_system_rpath_dirs_list "$arg" ;;
+                esac
                 ;;
             --rpath=*)
                 arg="${1#--rpath=}"
                 if [ -z "$arg" ]; then
                     shift; continue
                 fi
-                append_path_lists return_rpath_dirs_list "$arg"
+                path_order "$arg"
+                case $? in
+                    0) append return_spack_store_rpath_dirs_list "$arg" ;;
+                    1) append return_rpath_dirs_list "$arg" ;;
+                    2) append return_system_rpath_dirs_list "$arg" ;;
+                esac
                 ;;
             -rpath|--rpath)
                 wl_expect_rpath=yes
@@ -555,7 +509,8 @@ parse_Wl() {
             "$dtags_to_strip")
                 ;;
             -Wl)
-                # Nested -Wl,-Wl means we're in NAG compiler territory. We don't support it.
+                # Nested -Wl,-Wl means we're in NAG compiler territory, we don't support
+                # it.
                 return 1
                 ;;
             *)
@@ -574,10 +529,21 @@ categorize_arguments() {
     return_other_args_list=""
     return_isystem_was_used=""
 
-    init_path_lists return_isystem_include_dirs_list
+    return_isystem_spack_store_include_dirs_list=""
-    init_path_lists return_include_dirs_list
+    return_isystem_system_include_dirs_list=""
-    init_path_lists return_lib_dirs_list
+    return_isystem_include_dirs_list=""
-    init_path_lists return_rpath_dirs_list
+
+    return_spack_store_include_dirs_list=""
+    return_system_include_dirs_list=""
+    return_include_dirs_list=""
+
+    return_spack_store_lib_dirs_list=""
+    return_system_lib_dirs_list=""
+    return_lib_dirs_list=""
+
+    return_spack_store_rpath_dirs_list=""
+    return_system_rpath_dirs_list=""
+    return_rpath_dirs_list=""
 
     # Global state for keeping track of -Wl,-rpath -Wl,/path
     wl_expect_rpath=no
@@ -643,17 +609,32 @@ categorize_arguments() {
                 arg="${1#-isystem}"
                 return_isystem_was_used=true
                 if [ -z "$arg" ]; then shift; arg="$1"; fi
-                append_path_lists return_isystem_include_dirs_list "$arg"
+                path_order "$arg"
+                case $? in
+                    0) append return_isystem_spack_store_include_dirs_list "$arg" ;;
+                    1) append return_isystem_include_dirs_list "$arg" ;;
+                    2) append return_isystem_system_include_dirs_list "$arg" ;;
+                esac
                 ;;
             -I*)
                 arg="${1#-I}"
                 if [ -z "$arg" ]; then shift; arg="$1"; fi
-                append_path_lists return_include_dirs_list "$arg"
+                path_order "$arg"
+                case $? in
+                    0) append return_spack_store_include_dirs_list "$arg" ;;
+                    1) append return_include_dirs_list "$arg" ;;
+                    2) append return_system_include_dirs_list "$arg" ;;
+                esac
                 ;;
             -L*)
                 arg="${1#-L}"
                 if [ -z "$arg" ]; then shift; arg="$1"; fi
-                append_path_lists return_lib_dirs_list "$arg"
+                path_order "$arg"
+                case $? in
+                    0) append return_spack_store_lib_dirs_list "$arg" ;;
+                    1) append return_lib_dirs_list "$arg" ;;
+                    2) append return_system_lib_dirs_list "$arg" ;;
+                esac
                 ;;
             -l*)
                 # -loopopt=0 is generated erroneously in autoconf <= 2.69,
@@ -686,17 +667,32 @@ categorize_arguments() {
                     break
                 elif [ "$xlinker_expect_rpath" = yes ]; then
                     # Register the path of -Xlinker -rpath <other args> -Xlinker <path>
-                    append_path_lists return_rpath_dirs_list "$1"
+                    path_order "$1"
+                    case $? in
+                        0) append return_spack_store_rpath_dirs_list "$1" ;;
+                        1) append return_rpath_dirs_list "$1" ;;
+                        2) append return_system_rpath_dirs_list "$1" ;;
+                    esac
                     xlinker_expect_rpath=no
                 else
                     case "$1" in
                         -rpath=*)
                             arg="${1#-rpath=}"
-                            append_path_lists return_rpath_dirs_list "$arg"
+                            path_order "$arg"
+                            case $? in
+                                0) append return_spack_store_rpath_dirs_list "$arg" ;;
+                                1) append return_rpath_dirs_list "$arg" ;;
+                                2) append return_system_rpath_dirs_list "$arg" ;;
+                            esac
                             ;;
                         --rpath=*)
                             arg="${1#--rpath=}"
-                            append_path_lists return_rpath_dirs_list "$arg"
+                            path_order "$arg"
+                            case $? in
+                                0) append return_spack_store_rpath_dirs_list "$arg" ;;
+                                1) append return_rpath_dirs_list "$arg" ;;
+                                2) append return_system_rpath_dirs_list "$arg" ;;
+                            esac
                             ;;
                         -rpath|--rpath)
                             xlinker_expect_rpath=yes
@@ -713,32 +709,7 @@ categorize_arguments() {
             "$dtags_to_strip")
                 ;;
             *)
-                # if mode is not ld, we can just add to other args
+                append return_other_args_list "$1"
-                if [ "$mode" != "ld" ]; then
-                    append return_other_args_list "$1"
-                    shift
-                    continue
-                fi
-
-                # if we're in linker mode, we need to parse raw RPATH args
-                case "$1" in
-                    -rpath=*)
-                        arg="${1#-rpath=}"
-                        append_path_lists return_rpath_dirs_list "$arg"
-                        ;;
-                    --rpath=*)
-                        arg="${1#--rpath=}"
-                        append_path_lists return_rpath_dirs_list "$arg"
-                        ;;
-                    -rpath|--rpath)
-                        shift
-                        [ $# -eq 0 ] && break  # ignore -rpath without value
-                        append_path_lists return_rpath_dirs_list "$1"
-                        ;;
-                    *)
-                        append return_other_args_list "$1"
-                        ;;
-                esac
                 ;;
         esac
         shift
@@ -760,10 +731,21 @@ categorize_arguments() {
 
 categorize_arguments "$@"
 
-assign_path_lists isystem_include_dirs_list return_isystem_include_dirs_list
+spack_store_include_dirs_list="$return_spack_store_include_dirs_list"
-assign_path_lists include_dirs_list return_include_dirs_list
+system_include_dirs_list="$return_system_include_dirs_list"
-assign_path_lists lib_dirs_list return_lib_dirs_list
+include_dirs_list="$return_include_dirs_list"
-assign_path_lists rpath_dirs_list return_rpath_dirs_list
+
+spack_store_lib_dirs_list="$return_spack_store_lib_dirs_list"
+system_lib_dirs_list="$return_system_lib_dirs_list"
+lib_dirs_list="$return_lib_dirs_list"
+
+spack_store_rpath_dirs_list="$return_spack_store_rpath_dirs_list"
+system_rpath_dirs_list="$return_system_rpath_dirs_list"
+rpath_dirs_list="$return_rpath_dirs_list"
+
+isystem_spack_store_include_dirs_list="$return_isystem_spack_store_include_dirs_list"
+isystem_system_include_dirs_list="$return_isystem_system_include_dirs_list"
+isystem_include_dirs_list="$return_isystem_include_dirs_list"
 
 isystem_was_used="$return_isystem_was_used"
 other_args_list="$return_other_args_list"
@@ -839,10 +821,21 @@ IFS="$lsep"
     categorize_arguments $spack_flags_list
 unset IFS
 
-assign_path_lists spack_flags_isystem_include_dirs_list return_isystem_include_dirs_list
+spack_flags_isystem_spack_store_include_dirs_list="$return_isystem_spack_store_include_dirs_list"
-assign_path_lists spack_flags_include_dirs_list return_include_dirs_list
+spack_flags_isystem_system_include_dirs_list="$return_isystem_system_include_dirs_list"
-assign_path_lists spack_flags_lib_dirs_list return_lib_dirs_list
+spack_flags_isystem_include_dirs_list="$return_isystem_include_dirs_list"
-assign_path_lists spack_flags_rpath_dirs_list return_rpath_dirs_list
+
+spack_flags_spack_store_include_dirs_list="$return_spack_store_include_dirs_list"
+spack_flags_system_include_dirs_list="$return_system_include_dirs_list"
+spack_flags_include_dirs_list="$return_include_dirs_list"
+
+spack_flags_spack_store_lib_dirs_list="$return_spack_store_lib_dirs_list"
+spack_flags_system_lib_dirs_list="$return_system_lib_dirs_list"
+spack_flags_lib_dirs_list="$return_lib_dirs_list"
+
+spack_flags_spack_store_rpath_dirs_list="$return_spack_store_rpath_dirs_list"
+spack_flags_system_rpath_dirs_list="$return_system_rpath_dirs_list"
+spack_flags_rpath_dirs_list="$return_rpath_dirs_list"
 
 spack_flags_isystem_was_used="$return_isystem_was_used"
 spack_flags_other_args_list="$return_other_args_list"
@@ -901,7 +894,7 @@ esac
 case "$mode" in
     cpp|cc|as|ccld)
         if [ "$spack_flags_isystem_was_used" = "true" ] || [ "$isystem_was_used" = "true" ]; then
-            extend spack_store_isystem_include_dirs_list SPACK_STORE_INCLUDE_DIRS
+            extend isystem_spack_store_include_dirs_list SPACK_STORE_INCLUDE_DIRS
             extend isystem_include_dirs_list SPACK_INCLUDE_DIRS
         else
             extend spack_store_include_dirs_list SPACK_STORE_INCLUDE_DIRS
@@ -917,63 +910,64 @@ args_list="$flags_list"
 
 # Include search paths partitioned by (in store, non-sytem, system)
 # NOTE: adding ${lsep} to the prefix here turns every added element into two
-extend args_list spack_store_spack_flags_include_dirs_list -I
+extend args_list spack_flags_spack_store_include_dirs_list -I
 extend args_list spack_store_include_dirs_list -I
 
 extend args_list spack_flags_include_dirs_list -I
 extend args_list include_dirs_list -I
 
-extend args_list spack_store_spack_flags_isystem_include_dirs_list "-isystem${lsep}"
+extend args_list spack_flags_isystem_spack_store_include_dirs_list "-isystem${lsep}"
-extend args_list spack_store_isystem_include_dirs_list "-isystem${lsep}"
+extend args_list isystem_spack_store_include_dirs_list "-isystem${lsep}"
 
 extend args_list spack_flags_isystem_include_dirs_list "-isystem${lsep}"
 extend args_list isystem_include_dirs_list "-isystem${lsep}"
 
-extend args_list system_spack_flags_include_dirs_list -I
+extend args_list spack_flags_system_include_dirs_list -I
 extend args_list system_include_dirs_list -I
 
-extend args_list system_spack_flags_isystem_include_dirs_list "-isystem${lsep}"
+extend args_list spack_flags_isystem_system_include_dirs_list "-isystem${lsep}"
-extend args_list system_isystem_include_dirs_list "-isystem${lsep}"
+extend args_list isystem_system_include_dirs_list "-isystem${lsep}"
 
 # Library search paths partitioned by (in store, non-sytem, system)
-extend args_list spack_store_spack_flags_lib_dirs_list "-L"
+extend args_list spack_flags_spack_store_lib_dirs_list "-L"
 extend args_list spack_store_lib_dirs_list "-L"
 
 extend args_list spack_flags_lib_dirs_list "-L"
 extend args_list lib_dirs_list "-L"
 
-extend args_list system_spack_flags_lib_dirs_list "-L"
+extend args_list spack_flags_system_lib_dirs_list "-L"
 extend args_list system_lib_dirs_list "-L"
 
 # RPATHs arguments
-rpath_prefix=""
 case "$mode" in
     ccld)
         if [ -n "$dtags_to_add" ] ; then
             append args_list "$linker_arg$dtags_to_add"
         fi
-        rpath_prefix="$rpath"
+        extend args_list spack_flags_spack_store_rpath_dirs_list "$rpath"
+        extend args_list spack_store_rpath_dirs_list "$rpath"
+
+        extend args_list spack_flags_rpath_dirs_list "$rpath"
+        extend args_list rpath_dirs_list "$rpath"
+
+        extend args_list spack_flags_system_rpath_dirs_list "$rpath"
+        extend args_list system_rpath_dirs_list "$rpath"
         ;;
     ld)
         if [ -n "$dtags_to_add" ] ; then
             append args_list "$dtags_to_add"
         fi
-        rpath_prefix="-rpath${lsep}"
+        extend args_list spack_flags_spack_store_rpath_dirs_list "-rpath${lsep}"
+        extend args_list spack_store_rpath_dirs_list "-rpath${lsep}"
+
+        extend args_list spack_flags_rpath_dirs_list "-rpath${lsep}"
+        extend args_list rpath_dirs_list "-rpath${lsep}"
+
+        extend args_list spack_flags_system_rpath_dirs_list "-rpath${lsep}"
+        extend args_list system_rpath_dirs_list "-rpath${lsep}"
         ;;
 esac
 
-# if mode is ccld or ld, extend RPATH lists with the prefix determined above
-if [ -n "$rpath_prefix" ]; then
-    extend_unique args_list spack_store_spack_flags_rpath_dirs_list "$rpath_prefix"
-    extend_unique args_list spack_store_rpath_dirs_list "$rpath_prefix"
-
-    extend_unique args_list spack_flags_rpath_dirs_list "$rpath_prefix"
-    extend_unique args_list rpath_dirs_list "$rpath_prefix"
-
-    extend_unique args_list system_spack_flags_rpath_dirs_list "$rpath_prefix"
-    extend_unique args_list system_rpath_dirs_list "$rpath_prefix"
-fi
-
 # Other arguments from the input command
 extend args_list other_args_list
 extend args_list spack_flags_other_args_list

lib/spack/external/__init__.py

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 
 * Homepage: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/archspec
 * Usage: Labeling, comparison and detection of microarchitectures
-* Version: 0.2.5-dev (commit bceb39528ac49dd0c876b2e9bf3e7482e9c2be4a)
+* Version: 0.2.5-dev (commit 7e6740012b897ae4a950f0bba7e9726b767e921f)
 
 astunparse
 ----------------

lib/spack/external/archspec/cpu/microarchitecture.py

@@ -115,9 +115,6 @@ def __eq__(self, other):
             and self.cpu_part == other.cpu_part
         )
 
-    def __hash__(self):
-        return hash(self.name)
-
     @coerce_target_names
     def __ne__(self, other):
         return not self == other

lib/spack/external/archspec/json/cpu/microarchitectures.json

@@ -2844,7 +2844,8 @@
           "asimdrdm",
           "lrcpc",
           "dcpop",
-          "asimddp"
+          "asimddp",
+          "ssbs"
       ],
       "compilers" : {
           "gcc": [
@@ -2941,6 +2942,7 @@
           "uscat",
           "ilrcpc",
           "flagm",
+          "ssbs",
           "dcpodp",
           "svei8mm",
           "svebf16",
@@ -3008,7 +3010,7 @@
               },
               {
                   "versions": "11:",
-                  "flags" : "-march=armv8.4-a+sve+fp16+bf16+crypto+i8mm+rng"
+                  "flags" : "-march=armv8.4-a+sve+ssbs+fp16+bf16+crypto+i8mm+rng"
               },
               {
                   "versions": "12:",
@@ -3064,6 +3066,7 @@
 	  "uscat",
 	  "ilrcpc",
 	  "flagm",
+	  "ssbs",
 	  "sb",
 	  "dcpodp",
 	  "sve2",
@@ -3176,6 +3179,7 @@
 	  "uscat",
 	  "ilrcpc",
 	  "flagm",
+	  "ssbs",
 	  "sb",
 	  "dcpodp",
 	  "sve2",

lib/spack/llnl/util/filesystem.py

@@ -27,6 +27,8 @@
 from llnl.util.lang import dedupe, memoized
 from llnl.util.symlink import islink, readlink, resolve_link_target_relative_to_the_link, symlink
 
+from spack.util.executable import Executable, which
+
 from ..path import path_to_os_path, system_path_filter
 
 if sys.platform != "win32":
@@ -51,6 +53,7 @@
     "find_all_headers",
     "find_libraries",
     "find_system_libraries",
+    "fix_darwin_install_name",
     "force_remove",
     "force_symlink",
     "getuid",
@@ -245,6 +248,42 @@ def path_contains_subdirectory(path, root):
     return norm_path.startswith(norm_root)
 
 
+@memoized
+def file_command(*args):
+    """Creates entry point to `file` system command with provided arguments"""
+    file_cmd = which("file", required=True)
+    for arg in args:
+        file_cmd.add_default_arg(arg)
+    return file_cmd
+
+
+@memoized
+def _get_mime_type():
+    """Generate method to call `file` system command to aquire mime type
+    for a specified path
+    """
+    if sys.platform == "win32":
+        # -h option (no-dereference) does not exist in Windows
+        return file_command("-b", "--mime-type")
+    else:
+        return file_command("-b", "-h", "--mime-type")
+
+
+def mime_type(filename):
+    """Returns the mime type and subtype of a file.
+
+    Args:
+        filename: file to be analyzed
+
+    Returns:
+        Tuple containing the MIME type and subtype
+    """
+    output = _get_mime_type()(filename, output=str, error=str).strip()
+    tty.debug("==> " + output)
+    type, _, subtype = output.partition("/")
+    return type, subtype
+
+
 #: This generates the library filenames that may appear on any OS.
 library_extensions = ["a", "la", "so", "tbd", "dylib"]
 
@@ -1640,6 +1679,41 @@ def safe_remove(*files_or_dirs):
         raise
 
 
+@system_path_filter
+def fix_darwin_install_name(path):
+    """Fix install name of dynamic libraries on Darwin to have full path.
+
+    There are two parts of this task:
+
+    1. Use ``install_name('-id', ...)`` to change install name of a single lib
+    2. Use ``install_name('-change', ...)`` to change the cross linking between
+       libs. The function assumes that all libraries are in one folder and
+       currently won't follow subfolders.
+
+    Parameters:
+        path (str): directory in which .dylib files are located
+    """
+    libs = glob.glob(join_path(path, "*.dylib"))
+    for lib in libs:
+        # fix install name first:
+        install_name_tool = Executable("install_name_tool")
+        install_name_tool("-id", lib, lib)
+        otool = Executable("otool")
+        long_deps = otool("-L", lib, output=str).split("\n")
+        deps = [dep.partition(" ")[0][1::] for dep in long_deps[2:-1]]
+        # fix all dependencies:
+        for dep in deps:
+            for loc in libs:
+                # We really want to check for either
+                #     dep == os.path.basename(loc)   or
+                #     dep == join_path(builddir, os.path.basename(loc)),
+                # but we don't know builddir (nor how symbolic links look
+                # in builddir). We thus only compare the basenames.
+                if os.path.basename(dep) == os.path.basename(loc):
+                    install_name_tool("-change", dep, loc, lib)
+                    break
+
+
 def find_first(root: str, files: Union[Iterable[str], str], bfs_depth: int = 2) -> Optional[str]:
     """Find the first file matching a pattern.
 

lib/spack/llnl/util/lang.py

@@ -843,19 +843,20 @@ def uniq(sequence):
     return uniq_list
 
 
-def elide_list(line_list: List[str], max_num: int = 10) -> List[str]:
+def elide_list(line_list, max_num=10):
     """Takes a long list and limits it to a smaller number of elements,
     replacing intervening elements with '...'.  For example::
 
-        elide_list(["1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6"], 4)
+        elide_list([1,2,3,4,5,6], 4)
 
     gives::
 
-        ["1", "2", "3", "...", "6"]
+        [1, 2, 3, '...', 6]
     """
     if len(line_list) > max_num:
-        return [*line_list[: max_num - 1], "...", line_list[-1]]
+        return line_list[: max_num - 1] + ["..."] + line_list[-1:]
-    return line_list
+    else:
+        return line_list
 
 
 @contextlib.contextmanager

lib/spack/spack/__init__.py

@@ -3,13 +3,6 @@
 #
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 
-import os
-import re
-from typing import Optional
-
-import spack.paths
-import spack.util.git
-
 #: PEP440 canonical <major>.<minor>.<micro>.<devN> string
 __version__ = "0.23.0.dev0"
 spack_version = __version__
@@ -26,47 +19,4 @@ def __try_int(v):
 spack_version_info = tuple([__try_int(v) for v in __version__.split(".")])
 
 
-def get_spack_commit() -> Optional[str]:
+__all__ = ["spack_version_info", "spack_version"]
-    """Get the Spack git commit sha.
-
-    Returns:
-        (str or None) the commit sha if available, otherwise None
-    """
-    git_path = os.path.join(spack.paths.prefix, ".git")
-    if not os.path.exists(git_path):
-        return None
-
-    git = spack.util.git.git()
-    if not git:
-        return None
-
-    rev = git(
-        "-C",
-        spack.paths.prefix,
-        "rev-parse",
-        "HEAD",
-        output=str,
-        error=os.devnull,
-        fail_on_error=False,
-    )
-    if git.returncode != 0:
-        return None
-
-    match = re.match(r"[a-f\d]{7,}$", rev)
-    return match.group(0) if match else None
-
-
-def get_version() -> str:
-    """Get a descriptive version of this instance of Spack.
-
-    Outputs '<PEP440 version> (<git commit sha>)'.
-
-    The commit sha is only added when available.
-    """
-    commit = get_spack_commit()
-    if commit:
-        return f"{spack_version} ({commit})"
-    return spack_version
-
-
-__all__ = ["spack_version_info", "spack_version", "get_version", "get_spack_commit"]

lib/spack/spack/audit.py

@@ -46,14 +46,11 @@ def _search_duplicate_compilers(error_cls):
 import pickle
 import re
 import warnings
-from typing import Iterable, List, Set, Tuple
 from urllib.request import urlopen
 
 import llnl.util.lang
 
-import spack.builder
 import spack.config
-import spack.fetch_strategy
 import spack.patch
 import spack.repo
 import spack.spec
@@ -76,9 +73,7 @@ def __init__(self, summary, details):
         self.details = tuple(details)
 
     def __str__(self):
-        if self.details:
+        return self.summary + "\n" + "\n".join(["    " + detail for detail in self.details])
-            return f"{self.summary}\n" + "\n".join(f"    {detail}" for detail in self.details)
-        return self.summary
 
     def __eq__(self, other):
         if self.summary != other.summary or self.details != other.details:
@@ -262,6 +257,40 @@ def _search_duplicate_specs_in_externals(error_cls):
     return errors
 
 
+@config_packages
+def _deprecated_preferences(error_cls):
+    """Search package preferences deprecated in v0.21 (and slated for removal in v0.23)"""
+    # TODO (v0.23): remove this audit as the attributes will not be allowed in config
+    errors = []
+    packages_yaml = spack.config.CONFIG.get_config("packages")
+
+    def make_error(attribute_name, config_data, summary):
+        s = io.StringIO()
+        s.write("Occurring in the following file:\n")
+        dict_view = syaml.syaml_dict((k, v) for k, v in config_data.items() if k == attribute_name)
+        syaml.dump_config(dict_view, stream=s, blame=True)
+        return error_cls(summary=summary, details=[s.getvalue()])
+
+    if "all" in packages_yaml and "version" in packages_yaml["all"]:
+        summary = "Using the deprecated 'version' attribute under 'packages:all'"
+        errors.append(make_error("version", packages_yaml["all"], summary))
+
+    for package_name in packages_yaml:
+        if package_name == "all":
+            continue
+
+        package_conf = packages_yaml[package_name]
+        for attribute in ("compiler", "providers", "target"):
+            if attribute not in package_conf:
+                continue
+            summary = (
+                f"Using the deprecated '{attribute}' attribute " f"under 'packages:{package_name}'"
+            )
+            errors.append(make_error(attribute, package_conf, summary))
+
+    return errors
+
+
 @config_packages
 def _avoid_mismatched_variants(error_cls):
     """Warns if variant preferences have mismatched types or names."""
@@ -282,7 +311,7 @@ def _avoid_mismatched_variants(error_cls):
             pkg_cls = spack.repo.PATH.get_pkg_class(pkg_name)
             for variant in current_spec.variants.values():
                 # Variant does not exist at all
-                if variant.name not in pkg_cls.variant_names():
+                if variant.name not in pkg_cls.variants:
                     summary = (
                         f"Setting a preference for the '{pkg_name}' package to the "
                         f"non-existing variant '{variant.name}'"
@@ -291,8 +320,9 @@ def _avoid_mismatched_variants(error_cls):
                     continue
 
                 # Variant cannot accept this value
+                s = spack.spec.Spec(pkg_name)
                 try:
-                    spack.variant.prevalidate_variant_value(pkg_cls, variant, strict=True)
+                    s.update_variant_validate(variant.name, variant.value)
                 except Exception:
                     summary = (
                         f"Setting the variant '{variant.name}' of the '{pkg_name}' package "
@@ -662,15 +692,9 @@ def _ensure_env_methods_are_ported_to_builders(pkgs, error_cls):
     errors = []
     for pkg_name in pkgs:
         pkg_cls = spack.repo.PATH.get_pkg_class(pkg_name)
-
+        buildsystem_variant, _ = pkg_cls.variants["build_system"]
-        # values are either Value objects (for conditional values) or the values themselves
+        buildsystem_names = [getattr(x, "value", x) for x in buildsystem_variant.values]
-        build_system_names = set(
+        builder_cls_names = [spack.builder.BUILDER_CLS[x].__name__ for x in buildsystem_names]
-            v.value if isinstance(v, spack.variant.Value) else v
-            for _, variant in pkg_cls.variant_definitions("build_system")
-            for v in variant.values
-        )
-        builder_cls_names = [spack.builder.BUILDER_CLS[x].__name__ for x in build_system_names]
-
         module = pkg_cls.module
         has_builders_in_package_py = any(
             getattr(module, name, False) for name in builder_cls_names
@@ -689,88 +713,6 @@ def _ensure_env_methods_are_ported_to_builders(pkgs, error_cls):
     return errors
 
 
-class DeprecatedMagicGlobals(ast.NodeVisitor):
-    def __init__(self, magic_globals: Iterable[str]):
-        super().__init__()
-
-        self.magic_globals: Set[str] = set(magic_globals)
-
-        # State to track whether we're in a class function
-        self.depth: int = 0
-        self.in_function: bool = False
-        self.path = (ast.Module, ast.ClassDef, ast.FunctionDef)
-
-        # Defined locals in the current function (heuristically at least)
-        self.locals: Set[str] = set()
-
-        # List of (name, lineno) tuples for references to magic globals
-        self.references_to_globals: List[Tuple[str, int]] = []
-
-    def descend_in_function_def(self, node: ast.AST) -> None:
-        if not isinstance(node, self.path[self.depth]):
-            return
-        self.depth += 1
-        if self.depth == len(self.path):
-            self.in_function = True
-        super().generic_visit(node)
-        if self.depth == len(self.path):
-            self.in_function = False
-            self.locals.clear()
-        self.depth -= 1
-
-    def generic_visit(self, node: ast.AST) -> None:
-        # Recurse into function definitions
-        if self.depth < len(self.path):
-            return self.descend_in_function_def(node)
-        elif not self.in_function:
-            return
-        elif isinstance(node, ast.Global):
-            for name in node.names:
-                if name in self.magic_globals:
-                    self.references_to_globals.append((name, node.lineno))
-        elif isinstance(node, ast.Assign):
-            # visit the rhs before lhs
-            super().visit(node.value)
-            for target in node.targets:
-                super().visit(target)
-        elif isinstance(node, ast.Name) and node.id in self.magic_globals:
-            if isinstance(node.ctx, ast.Load) and node.id not in self.locals:
-                self.references_to_globals.append((node.id, node.lineno))
-            elif isinstance(node.ctx, ast.Store):
-                self.locals.add(node.id)
-        else:
-            super().generic_visit(node)
-
-
-@package_properties
-def _uses_deprecated_globals(pkgs, error_cls):
-    """Ensure that packages do not use deprecated globals"""
-    errors = []
-
-    for pkg_name in pkgs:
-        # some packages scheduled to be removed in v0.23 are not worth fixing.
-        pkg_cls = spack.repo.PATH.get_pkg_class(pkg_name)
-        if all(v.get("deprecated", False) for v in pkg_cls.versions.values()):
-            continue
-
-        file = spack.repo.PATH.filename_for_package_name(pkg_name)
-        tree = ast.parse(open(file).read())
-        visitor = DeprecatedMagicGlobals(("std_cmake_args",))
-        visitor.visit(tree)
-        if visitor.references_to_globals:
-            errors.append(
-                error_cls(
-                    f"Package '{pkg_name}' uses deprecated globals",
-                    [
-                        f"{file}:{line} references '{name}'"
-                        for name, line in visitor.references_to_globals
-                    ],
-                )
-            )
-
-    return errors
-
-
 @package_https_directives
 def _linting_package_file(pkgs, error_cls):
     """Check for correctness of links"""
@@ -937,22 +879,20 @@ def check_virtual_with_variants(spec, msg):
 
                 # check variants
                 dependency_variants = dep.spec.variants
-                for name, variant in dependency_variants.items():
+                for name, value in dependency_variants.items():
                     try:
-                        spack.variant.prevalidate_variant_value(
+                        v, _ = dependency_pkg_cls.variants[name]
-                            dependency_pkg_cls, variant, dep.spec, strict=True
+                        v.validate_or_raise(value, pkg_cls=dependency_pkg_cls)
-                        )
                     except Exception as e:
                         summary = (
                             f"{pkg_name}: wrong variant used for dependency in 'depends_on()'"
                         )
 
-                        error_msg = str(e)
                         if isinstance(e, KeyError):
                             error_msg = (
                                 f"variant {str(e).strip()} does not exist in package {dep_name}"
-                                f" in package '{dep_name}'"
                             )
+                        error_msg += f" in package '{dep_name}'"
 
                         errors.append(
                             error_cls(summary=summary, details=[error_msg, f"in {filename}"])
@@ -964,38 +904,39 @@ def check_virtual_with_variants(spec, msg):
 @package_directives
 def _ensure_variant_defaults_are_parsable(pkgs, error_cls):
     """Ensures that variant defaults are present and parsable from cli"""
-
-    def check_variant(pkg_cls, variant, vname):
-        # bool is a subclass of int in python. Permitting a default that is an instance
-        # of 'int' means both foo=false and foo=0 are accepted. Other falsish values are
-        # not allowed, since they can't be parsed from CLI ('foo=')
-        default_is_parsable = isinstance(variant.default, int) or variant.default
-
-        if not default_is_parsable:
-            msg = f"Variant '{vname}' of package '{pkg_cls.name}' has an unparsable default value"
-            return [error_cls(msg, [])]
-
-        try:
-            vspec = variant.make_default()
-        except spack.variant.MultipleValuesInExclusiveVariantError:
-            msg = f"Can't create default value for variant '{vname}' in package '{pkg_cls.name}'"
-            return [error_cls(msg, [])]
-
-        try:
-            variant.validate_or_raise(vspec, pkg_cls.name)
-        except spack.variant.InvalidVariantValueError:
-            msg = "Default value of variant '{vname}' in package '{pkg.name}' is invalid"
-            question = "Is it among the allowed values?"
-            return [error_cls(msg, [question])]
-
-        return []
-
     errors = []
     for pkg_name in pkgs:
         pkg_cls = spack.repo.PATH.get_pkg_class(pkg_name)
-        for vname in pkg_cls.variant_names():
+        for variant_name, entry in pkg_cls.variants.items():
-            for _, variant_def in pkg_cls.variant_definitions(vname):
+            variant, _ = entry
-                errors.extend(check_variant(pkg_cls, variant_def, vname))
+            default_is_parsable = (
+                # Permitting a default that is an instance on 'int' permits
+                # to have foo=false or foo=0. Other falsish values are
+                # not allowed, since they can't be parsed from cli ('foo=')
+                isinstance(variant.default, int)
+                or variant.default
+            )
+            if not default_is_parsable:
+                error_msg = "Variant '{}' of package '{}' has a bad default value"
+                errors.append(error_cls(error_msg.format(variant_name, pkg_name), []))
+                continue
+
+            try:
+                vspec = variant.make_default()
+            except spack.variant.MultipleValuesInExclusiveVariantError:
+                error_msg = "Cannot create a default value for the variant '{}' in package '{}'"
+                errors.append(error_cls(error_msg.format(variant_name, pkg_name), []))
+                continue
+
+            try:
+                variant.validate_or_raise(vspec, pkg_cls=pkg_cls)
+            except spack.variant.InvalidVariantValueError:
+                error_msg = (
+                    "The default value of the variant '{}' in package '{}' failed validation"
+                )
+                question = "Is it among the allowed values?"
+                errors.append(error_cls(error_msg.format(variant_name, pkg_name), [question]))
+
     return errors
 
 
@@ -1005,11 +946,11 @@ def _ensure_variants_have_descriptions(pkgs, error_cls):
     errors = []
     for pkg_name in pkgs:
         pkg_cls = spack.repo.PATH.get_pkg_class(pkg_name)
-        for name in pkg_cls.variant_names():
+        for variant_name, entry in pkg_cls.variants.items():
-            for when, variant in pkg_cls.variant_definitions(name):
+            variant, _ = entry
-                if not variant.description:
+            if not variant.description:
-                    msg = f"Variant '{name}' in package '{pkg_name}' is missing a description"
+                error_msg = "Variant '{}' in package '{}' is missing a description"
-                    errors.append(error_cls(msg, []))
+                errors.append(error_cls(error_msg.format(variant_name, pkg_name), []))
 
     return errors
 
@@ -1066,26 +1007,29 @@ def _version_constraints_are_satisfiable_by_some_version_in_repo(pkgs, error_cls
 
 
 def _analyze_variants_in_directive(pkg, constraint, directive, error_cls):
+    variant_exceptions = (
+        spack.variant.InconsistentValidationError,
+        spack.variant.MultipleValuesInExclusiveVariantError,
+        spack.variant.InvalidVariantValueError,
+        KeyError,
+    )
     errors = []
-    variant_names = pkg.variant_names()
-    summary = f"{pkg.name}: wrong variant in '{directive}' directive"
-    filename = spack.repo.PATH.filename_for_package_name(pkg.name)
-
     for name, v in constraint.variants.items():
-        if name not in variant_names:
-            msg = f"variant {name} does not exist in {pkg.name}"
-            errors.append(error_cls(summary=summary, details=[msg, f"in {filename}"]))
-            continue
-
         try:
-            spack.variant.prevalidate_variant_value(pkg, v, constraint, strict=True)
+            variant, _ = pkg.variants[name]
-        except (
+            variant.validate_or_raise(v, pkg_cls=pkg)
-            spack.variant.InconsistentValidationError,
+        except variant_exceptions as e:
-            spack.variant.MultipleValuesInExclusiveVariantError,
+            summary = pkg.name + ': wrong variant in "{0}" directive'
-            spack.variant.InvalidVariantValueError,
+            summary = summary.format(directive)
-        ) as e:
+            filename = spack.repo.PATH.filename_for_package_name(pkg.name)
-            msg = str(e).strip()
+
-            errors.append(error_cls(summary=summary, details=[msg, f"in {filename}"]))
+            error_msg = str(e).strip()
+            if isinstance(e, KeyError):
+                error_msg = "the variant {0} does not exist".format(error_msg)
+
+            err = error_cls(summary=summary, details=[error_msg, "in " + filename])
+
+            errors.append(err)
 
     return errors
 
@@ -1123,10 +1067,9 @@ def _extracts_errors(triggers, summary):
                 for dname in dnames
             )
 
-        for when, variants_by_name in pkg_cls.variants.items():
+        for vname, (variant, triggers) in pkg_cls.variants.items():
-            for vname, variant in variants_by_name.items():
+            summary = f"{pkg_name}: wrong 'when=' condition for the '{vname}' variant"
-                summary = f"{pkg_name}: wrong 'when=' condition for the '{vname}' variant"
+            errors.extend(_extracts_errors(triggers, summary))
-                errors.extend(_extracts_errors([when], summary))
 
         for when, providers, details in _error_items(pkg_cls.provided):
             errors.extend(

lib/spack/spack/binary_distribution.py

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 from llnl.util.symlink import readlink
 
 import spack.caches
+import spack.cmd
 import spack.config as config
 import spack.database as spack_db
 import spack.error
@@ -43,9 +44,9 @@
 import spack.oci.image
 import spack.oci.oci
 import spack.oci.opener
-import spack.paths
 import spack.platforms
 import spack.relocate as relocate
+import spack.repo
 import spack.spec
 import spack.stage
 import spack.store
@@ -53,7 +54,6 @@
 import spack.util.archive
 import spack.util.crypto
 import spack.util.file_cache as file_cache
-import spack.util.filesystem as ssys
 import spack.util.gpg
 import spack.util.parallel
 import spack.util.path
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ class BuildCacheDatabase(spack_db.Database):
     record_fields = ("spec", "ref_count", "in_buildcache")
 
     def __init__(self, root):
-        super().__init__(root, lock_cfg=spack_db.NO_LOCK, layout=None)
+        super().__init__(root, lock_cfg=spack_db.NO_LOCK)
         self._write_transaction_impl = llnl.util.lang.nullcontext
         self._read_transaction_impl = llnl.util.lang.nullcontext
 
@@ -687,7 +687,7 @@ def get_buildfile_manifest(spec):
     # Non-symlinks.
     for rel_path in visitor.files:
         abs_path = os.path.join(root, rel_path)
-        m_type, m_subtype = ssys.mime_type(abs_path)
+        m_type, m_subtype = fsys.mime_type(abs_path)
 
         if relocate.needs_binary_relocation(m_type, m_subtype):
             # Why is this branch not part of needs_binary_relocation? :(
@@ -788,9 +788,7 @@ def sign_specfile(key: str, specfile_path: str) -> str:
     return signed_specfile_path
 
 
-def _read_specs_and_push_index(
+def _read_specs_and_push_index(file_list, read_method, cache_prefix, db, temp_dir, concurrency):
-    file_list, read_method, cache_prefix, db: BuildCacheDatabase, temp_dir, concurrency
-):
     """Read all the specs listed in the provided list, using thread given thread parallelism,
         generate the index, and push it to the mirror.
 
@@ -814,7 +812,7 @@ def _read_specs_and_push_index(
         else:
             continue
 
-        db.add(fetched_spec)
+        db.add(fetched_spec, None)
         db.mark(fetched_spec, "in_buildcache", True)
 
     # Now generate the index, compute its hash, and push the two files to
@@ -1446,9 +1444,7 @@ def _oci_push_pkg_blob(
     filename = os.path.join(tmpdir, f"{spec.dag_hash()}.tar.gz")
 
     # Create an oci.image.layer aka tarball of the package
-    compressed_tarfile_checksum, tarfile_checksum = _do_create_tarball(
+    compressed_tarfile_checksum, tarfile_checksum = spack.oci.oci.create_tarball(spec, filename)
-        filename, spec.prefix, get_buildinfo_dict(spec)
-    )
 
     blob = spack.oci.oci.Blob(
         Digest.from_sha256(compressed_tarfile_checksum),
@@ -1769,7 +1765,7 @@ def _oci_update_index(
 
     for spec_dict in spec_dicts:
         spec = Spec.from_dict(spec_dict)
-        db.add(spec)
+        db.add(spec, directory_layout=None)
         db.mark(spec, "in_buildcache", True)
 
     # Create the index.json file
@@ -2565,8 +2561,9 @@ def install_root_node(spec, unsigned=False, force=False, sha256=None):
     with spack.util.path.filter_padding():
         tty.msg('Installing "{0}" from a buildcache'.format(spec.format()))
         extract_tarball(spec, download_result, force)
+        spec.package.windows_establish_runtime_linkage()
         spack.hooks.post_install(spec, False)
-        spack.store.STORE.db.add(spec)
+        spack.store.STORE.db.add(spec, spack.store.STORE.layout)
 
 
 def install_single_spec(spec, unsigned=False, force=False):
@@ -2698,9 +2695,6 @@ def get_keys(install=False, trust=False, force=False, mirrors=None):
 
     for mirror in mirror_collection.values():
         fetch_url = mirror.fetch_url
-        # TODO: oci:// does not support signing.
-        if fetch_url.startswith("oci://"):
-            continue
         keys_url = url_util.join(
             fetch_url, BUILD_CACHE_RELATIVE_PATH, BUILD_CACHE_KEYS_RELATIVE_PATH
         )

lib/spack/spack/bootstrap/__init__.py

@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
     all_core_root_specs,
     ensure_clingo_importable_or_raise,
     ensure_core_dependencies,
-    ensure_file_in_path_or_raise,
     ensure_gpg_in_path_or_raise,
     ensure_patchelf_in_path_or_raise,
 )
@@ -20,7 +19,6 @@
     "is_bootstrapping",
     "ensure_bootstrap_configuration",
     "ensure_core_dependencies",
-    "ensure_file_in_path_or_raise",
     "ensure_gpg_in_path_or_raise",
     "ensure_clingo_importable_or_raise",
     "ensure_patchelf_in_path_or_raise",

lib/spack/spack/bootstrap/config.py

@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
 import spack.compilers
 import spack.config
 import spack.environment
-import spack.modules
 import spack.paths
 import spack.platforms
 import spack.repo

lib/spack/spack/bootstrap/core.py

@@ -37,16 +37,21 @@
 import spack.binary_distribution
 import spack.config
 import spack.detection
+import spack.environment
+import spack.modules
+import spack.paths
 import spack.platforms
+import spack.platforms.linux
+import spack.repo
 import spack.spec
 import spack.store
 import spack.user_environment
+import spack.util.environment
 import spack.util.executable
 import spack.util.path
 import spack.util.spack_yaml
 import spack.util.url
 import spack.version
-from spack.installer import PackageInstaller
 
 from ._common import _executables_in_store, _python_import, _root_spec, _try_import_from_store
 from .clingo import ClingoBootstrapConcretizer
@@ -278,7 +283,7 @@ def try_import(self, module: str, abstract_spec_str: str) -> bool:
 
         # Install the spec that should make the module importable
         with spack.config.override(self.mirror_scope):
-            PackageInstaller([concrete_spec.package], fail_fast=True).install()
+            concrete_spec.package.do_install(fail_fast=True)
 
         if _try_import_from_store(module, query_spec=concrete_spec, query_info=info):
             self.last_search = info
@@ -301,7 +306,7 @@ def try_search_path(self, executables: Tuple[str], abstract_spec_str: str) -> bo
         msg = "[BOOTSTRAP] Try installing '{0}' from sources"
         tty.debug(msg.format(abstract_spec_str))
         with spack.config.override(self.mirror_scope):
-            PackageInstaller([concrete_spec.package], fail_fast=True).install()
+            concrete_spec.package.do_install()
         if _executables_in_store(executables, concrete_spec, query_info=info):
             self.last_search = info
             return True
@@ -467,8 +472,7 @@ def ensure_clingo_importable_or_raise() -> None:
 
 def gnupg_root_spec() -> str:
     """Return the root spec used to bootstrap GnuPG"""
-    root_spec_name = "win-gpg" if IS_WINDOWS else "gnupg"
+    return _root_spec("gnupg@2.3:")
-    return _root_spec(f"{root_spec_name}@2.3:")
 
 
 def ensure_gpg_in_path_or_raise() -> None:
@@ -478,19 +482,6 @@ def ensure_gpg_in_path_or_raise() -> None:
     )
 
 
-def file_root_spec() -> str:
-    """Return the root spec used to bootstrap file"""
-    root_spec_name = "win-file" if IS_WINDOWS else "file"
-    return _root_spec(root_spec_name)
-
-
-def ensure_file_in_path_or_raise() -> None:
-    """Ensure file is in the PATH or raise"""
-    return ensure_executables_in_path_or_raise(
-        executables=["file"], abstract_spec=file_root_spec()
-    )
-
-
 def patchelf_root_spec() -> str:
     """Return the root spec used to bootstrap patchelf"""
     # 0.13.1 is the last version not to require C++17.
@@ -574,15 +565,14 @@ def ensure_core_dependencies() -> None:
     """Ensure the presence of all the core dependencies."""
     if sys.platform.lower() == "linux":
         ensure_patchelf_in_path_or_raise()
-    elif sys.platform == "win32":
+    if not IS_WINDOWS:
-        ensure_file_in_path_or_raise()
+        ensure_gpg_in_path_or_raise()
-    ensure_gpg_in_path_or_raise()
     ensure_clingo_importable_or_raise()
 
 
 def all_core_root_specs() -> List[str]:
     """Return a list of all the core root specs that may be used to bootstrap Spack"""
-    return [clingo_root_spec(), gnupg_root_spec(), patchelf_root_spec(), file_root_spec()]
+    return [clingo_root_spec(), gnupg_root_spec(), patchelf_root_spec()]
 
 
 def bootstrapping_sources(scope: Optional[str] = None):

lib/spack/spack/bootstrap/environment.py

@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@
 from llnl.util import tty
 
 import spack.environment
-import spack.spec
 import spack.tengine
-import spack.util.path
+import spack.util.cpus
+import spack.util.executable
 
 from ._common import _root_spec
 from .config import root_path, spec_for_current_python, store_path

lib/spack/spack/bootstrap/status.py

@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ def _core_requirements() -> List[RequiredResponseType]:
 
 def _buildcache_requirements() -> List[RequiredResponseType]:
     _buildcache_exes = {
-        "file": _missing("file", "required to analyze files for buildcaches", system_only=False),
+        "file": _missing("file", "required to analyze files for buildcaches"),
         ("gpg2", "gpg"): _missing("gpg2", "required to sign/verify buildcaches", False),
     }
     if platform.system().lower() == "darwin":

lib/spack/spack/build_environment.py

@@ -45,8 +45,6 @@
 from itertools import chain
 from typing import Dict, List, Set, Tuple
 
-import archspec.cpu
-
 import llnl.util.tty as tty
 from llnl.string import plural
 from llnl.util.filesystem import join_path
@@ -55,7 +53,6 @@
 from llnl.util.tty.color import cescape, colorize
 from llnl.util.tty.log import MultiProcessFd
 
-import spack.build_systems._checks
 import spack.build_systems.cmake
 import spack.build_systems.meson
 import spack.build_systems.python
@@ -64,20 +61,26 @@
 import spack.config
 import spack.deptypes as dt
 import spack.error
-import spack.multimethod
+import spack.main
 import spack.package_base
 import spack.paths
 import spack.platforms
+import spack.repo
 import spack.schema.environment
 import spack.spec
 import spack.stage
 import spack.store
 import spack.subprocess_context
+import spack.user_environment
 import spack.util.executable
+import spack.util.path
+import spack.util.pattern
 from spack import traverse
 from spack.context import Context
-from spack.error import InstallError, NoHeadersError, NoLibrariesError
+from spack.error import NoHeadersError, NoLibrariesError
 from spack.install_test import spack_install_test_log
+from spack.installer import InstallError
+from spack.util.cpus import determine_number_of_jobs
 from spack.util.environment import (
     SYSTEM_DIR_CASE_ENTRY,
     EnvironmentModifications,
@@ -360,7 +363,7 @@ def set_compiler_environment_variables(pkg, env):
     _add_werror_handling(keep_werror, env)
 
     # Set the target parameters that the compiler will add
-    isa_arg = optimization_flags(compiler, spec.target)
+    isa_arg = spec.architecture.target.optimization_flags(compiler)
     env.set("SPACK_TARGET_ARGS", isa_arg)
 
     # Trap spack-tracked compiler flags as appropriate.
@@ -405,36 +408,6 @@ def set_compiler_environment_variables(pkg, env):
     return env
 
 
-def optimization_flags(compiler, target):
-    if spack.compilers.is_mixed_toolchain(compiler):
-        msg = (
-            "microarchitecture specific optimizations are not "
-            "supported yet on mixed compiler toolchains [check"
-            f" {compiler.name}@{compiler.version} for further details]"
-        )
-        tty.debug(msg)
-        return ""
-
-    # Try to check if the current compiler comes with a version number or
-    # has an unexpected suffix. If so, treat it as a compiler with a
-    # custom spec.
-    compiler_version = compiler.version
-    version_number, suffix = archspec.cpu.version_components(compiler.version)
-    if not version_number or suffix:
-        try:
-            compiler_version = compiler.real_version
-        except spack.util.executable.ProcessError as e:
-            # log this and just return compiler.version instead
-            tty.debug(str(e))
-
-    try:
-        result = target.optimization_flags(compiler.name, compiler_version.dotted_numeric_string)
-    except (ValueError, archspec.cpu.UnsupportedMicroarchitecture):
-        result = ""
-
-    return result
-
-
 def set_wrapper_variables(pkg, env):
     """Set environment variables used by the Spack compiler wrapper (which have the prefix
     `SPACK_`) and also add the compiler wrappers to PATH.
@@ -482,7 +455,7 @@ def set_wrapper_variables(pkg, env):
         env.set(SPACK_DEBUG, "TRUE")
     env.set(SPACK_SHORT_SPEC, pkg.spec.short_spec)
     env.set(SPACK_DEBUG_LOG_ID, pkg.spec.format("{name}-{hash:7}"))
-    env.set(SPACK_DEBUG_LOG_DIR, spack.paths.spack_working_dir)
+    env.set(SPACK_DEBUG_LOG_DIR, spack.main.spack_working_dir)
 
     if spack.config.get("config:ccache"):
         # Enable ccache in the compiler wrapper
@@ -582,14 +555,14 @@ def set_package_py_globals(pkg, context: Context = Context.BUILD):
     """Populate the Python module of a package with some useful global names.
     This makes things easier for package writers.
     """
-    module = ModuleChangePropagator(pkg)
+    module = SetPackageGlobals(pkg)
 
     if context == Context.BUILD:
         module.std_cmake_args = spack.build_systems.cmake.CMakeBuilder.std_args(pkg)
         module.std_meson_args = spack.build_systems.meson.MesonBuilder.std_args(pkg)
         module.std_pip_args = spack.build_systems.python.PythonPipBuilder.std_args(pkg)
 
-    jobs = spack.config.determine_number_of_jobs(parallel=pkg.parallel)
+    jobs = determine_number_of_jobs(parallel=pkg.parallel)
     module.make_jobs = jobs
 
     # TODO: make these build deps that can be installed if not found.
@@ -815,6 +788,7 @@ def setup_package(pkg, dirty, context: Context = Context.BUILD):
     # Platform specific setup goes before package specific setup. This is for setting
     # defaults like MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET on macOS.
     platform = spack.platforms.by_name(pkg.spec.architecture.platform)
+    target = platform.target(pkg.spec.architecture.target)
     platform.setup_platform_environment(pkg, env_mods)
 
     tty.debug("setup_package: grabbing modifications from dependencies")
@@ -839,6 +813,9 @@ def setup_package(pkg, dirty, context: Context = Context.BUILD):
         for mod in pkg.compiler.modules:
             load_module(mod)
 
+    if target and target.module_name:
+        load_module(target.module_name)
+
     load_external_modules(pkg)
 
     implicit_rpaths = pkg.compiler.implicit_rpaths()
@@ -1039,7 +1016,7 @@ def set_all_package_py_globals(self):
                 # setting globals for those.
                 if id(spec) not in self.nodes_in_subdag:
                     continue
-                dependent_module = ModuleChangePropagator(spec.package)
+                dependent_module = SetPackageGlobals(spec.package)
                 pkg.setup_dependent_package(dependent_module, spec)
                 dependent_module.propagate_changes_to_mro()
 
@@ -1162,7 +1139,7 @@ def _setup_pkg_and_run(
         return_value = function(pkg, kwargs)
         write_pipe.send(return_value)
 
-    except spack.error.StopPhase as e:
+    except StopPhase as e:
         # Do not create a full ChildError from this, it's not an error
         # it's a control statement.
         write_pipe.send(e)
@@ -1323,7 +1300,7 @@ def exitcode_msg(p):
     p.join()
 
     # If returns a StopPhase, raise it
-    if isinstance(child_result, spack.error.StopPhase):
+    if isinstance(child_result, StopPhase):
         # do not print
         raise child_result
 
@@ -1532,6 +1509,17 @@ def _make_child_error(msg, module, name, traceback, log, log_type, context):
     return ChildError(msg, module, name, traceback, log, log_type, context)
 
 
+class StopPhase(spack.error.SpackError):
+    """Pickle-able exception to control stopped builds."""
+
+    def __reduce__(self):
+        return _make_stop_phase, (self.message, self.long_message)
+
+
+def _make_stop_phase(msg, long_msg):
+    return StopPhase(msg, long_msg)
+
+
 def write_log_summary(out, log_type, log, last=None):
     errors, warnings = parse_log_events(log)
     nerr = len(errors)
@@ -1555,7 +1543,7 @@ def write_log_summary(out, log_type, log, last=None):
         out.write(make_log_context(warnings))
 
 
-class ModuleChangePropagator:
+class SetPackageGlobals:
     """Wrapper class to accept changes to a package.py Python module, and propagate them in the
     MRO of the package.
 
@@ -1563,41 +1551,22 @@ class ModuleChangePropagator:
     "setup_dependent_package" function during build environment setup.
     """
 
-    _PROTECTED_NAMES = ("package", "current_module", "modules_in_mro", "_set_attributes")
-
     def __init__(self, package: spack.package_base.PackageBase) -> None:
-        self._set_self_attributes("package", package)
-        self._set_self_attributes("current_module", package.module)
-
         #: Modules for the classes in the MRO up to PackageBase
         modules_in_mro = []
         for cls in package.__class__.__mro__:
             module = getattr(cls, "module", None)
-
             if module is None or module is spack.package_base:
                 break
-
-            if module is self.current_module:
-                continue
-
             modules_in_mro.append(module)
-        self._set_self_attributes("modules_in_mro", modules_in_mro)
-        self._set_self_attributes("_set_attributes", {})
 
-    def _set_self_attributes(self, key, value):
+        super().__setattr__("modules_in_mro", modules_in_mro)
-        super().__setattr__(key, value)
 
     def __getattr__(self, item):
-        return getattr(self.current_module, item)
+        return getattr(self.modules_in_mro[0], item)
 
     def __setattr__(self, key, value):
-        if key in ModuleChangePropagator._PROTECTED_NAMES:
+        if key == "modules_in_mro":
-            msg = f'Cannot set attribute "{key}" in ModuleMonkeyPatcher'
+            raise AttributeError(f'Cannot set attribute "{key}" in ModuleMonkeyPatcher')
-            return AttributeError(msg)
+        for module in self.modules_in_mro:
-
+            setattr(module, key, value)
-        setattr(self.current_module, key, value)
-        self._set_attributes[key] = value
-
-    def propagate_changes_to_mro(self):
-        for module_in_mro in self.modules_in_mro:
-            module_in_mro.__dict__.update(self._set_attributes)

lib/spack/spack/build_systems/_checks.py

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 import llnl.util.lang
 
 import spack.builder
-import spack.error
+import spack.installer
 import spack.relocate
 import spack.spec
 import spack.store
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ def check_paths(path_list, filetype, predicate):
             if not predicate(abs_path):
                 msg = "Install failed for {0}. No such {1} in prefix: {2}"
                 msg = msg.format(pkg.name, filetype, path)
-                raise spack.error.InstallError(msg)
+                raise spack.installer.InstallError(msg)
 
     check_paths(pkg.sanity_check_is_file, "file", os.path.isfile)
     check_paths(pkg.sanity_check_is_dir, "directory", os.path.isdir)
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ def check_paths(path_list, filetype, predicate):
     ignore_file = llnl.util.lang.match_predicate(spack.store.STORE.layout.hidden_file_regexes)
     if all(map(ignore_file, os.listdir(pkg.prefix))):
         msg = "Install failed for {0}.  Nothing was installed!"
-        raise spack.error.InstallError(msg.format(pkg.name))
+        raise spack.installer.InstallError(msg.format(pkg.name))
 
 
 def apply_macos_rpath_fixups(builder: spack.builder.Builder):

lib/spack/spack/build_systems/aspell_dict.py

@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@
 # Spack Project Developers. See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
 #
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
-import os
-
 import llnl.util.filesystem as fs
 
 import spack.directives
@@ -48,12 +46,18 @@ class AspellDictPackage(AutotoolsPackage):
     #: Override the default autotools builder
     AutotoolsBuilder = AspellBuilder
 
-    def patch(self):
+    def view_destination(self, view):
         aspell_spec = self.spec["aspell"]
+        if view.get_projection_for_spec(aspell_spec) != aspell_spec.prefix:
+            raise spack.package_base.ExtensionError(
+                "aspell does not support non-global extensions"
+            )
         aspell = aspell_spec.command
-        dictdir = aspell("dump", "config", "dict-dir", output=str).strip()
+        return aspell("dump", "config", "dict-dir", output=str).strip()
-        datadir = aspell("dump", "config", "data-dir", output=str).strip()
+
-        dictdir = os.path.relpath(dictdir, aspell_spec.prefix)
+    def view_source(self):
-        datadir = os.path.relpath(datadir, aspell_spec.prefix)
+        return self.prefix.lib
-        fs.filter_file(r"^dictdir=.*$", f"dictdir=/{dictdir}", "configure")
+
-        fs.filter_file(r"^datadir=.*$", f"datadir=/{datadir}", "configure")
+    def patch(self):
+        fs.filter_file(r"^dictdir=.*$", "dictdir=/lib", "configure")
+        fs.filter_file(r"^datadir=.*$", "datadir=/lib", "configure")

lib/spack/spack/build_systems/autotools.py

@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@
 
 import spack.build_environment
 import spack.builder
-import spack.error
 import spack.package_base
+from spack.build_environment import SetPackageGlobals
 from spack.directives import build_system, conflicts, depends_on
 from spack.multimethod import when
 from spack.operating_systems.mac_os import macos_version
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ def runs_ok(script_abs_path):
 
         # An external gnuconfig may not not have a prefix.
         if gnuconfig_dir is None:
-            raise spack.error.InstallError(
+            raise spack.build_environment.InstallError(
                 "Spack could not find substitutes for GNU config files because no "
                 "prefix is available for the `gnuconfig` package. Make sure you set a "
                 "prefix path instead of modules for external `gnuconfig`."
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ def runs_ok(script_abs_path):
                 msg += (
                     " or the `gnuconfig` package prefix is misconfigured as" " an external package"
                 )
-            raise spack.error.InstallError(msg)
+            raise spack.build_environment.InstallError(msg)
 
         # Filter working substitutes
         candidates = [f for f in candidates if runs_ok(f)]
@@ -294,7 +294,9 @@ def runs_ok(script_abs_path):
    and set the prefix to the directory containing the `config.guess` and
    `config.sub` files.
 """
-            raise spack.error.InstallError(msg.format(", ".join(to_be_found), self.name))
+            raise spack.build_environment.InstallError(
+                msg.format(", ".join(to_be_found), self.name)
+            )
 
         # Copy the good files over the bad ones
         for abs_path in to_be_patched:
@@ -576,9 +578,7 @@ def set_configure_or_die(self):
             raise RuntimeError(msg.format(self.configure_directory))
 
         # Monkey-patch the configure script in the corresponding module
-        globals_for_pkg = spack.build_environment.ModuleChangePropagator(self.pkg)
+        SetPackageGlobals(self.pkg).configure = Executable(self.configure_abs_path)
-        globals_for_pkg.configure = Executable(self.configure_abs_path)
-        globals_for_pkg.propagate_changes_to_mro()
 
     def configure_args(self):
         """Return the list of all the arguments that must be passed to configure,
@@ -687,8 +687,9 @@ def _activate_or_not(
 
         variant = variant or name
 
-        # Defensively look that the name passed as argument is among variants
+        # Defensively look that the name passed as argument is among
-        if not self.pkg.has_variant(variant):
+        # variants
+        if variant not in self.pkg.variants:
             msg = '"{0}" is not a variant of "{1}"'
             raise KeyError(msg.format(variant, self.pkg.name))
 
@@ -697,19 +698,27 @@ def _activate_or_not(
 
         # Create a list of pairs. Each pair includes a configuration
         # option and whether or not that option is activated
-        vdef = self.pkg.get_variant(variant)
+        variant_desc, _ = self.pkg.variants[variant]
-        if set(vdef.values) == set((True, False)):
+        if set(variant_desc.values) == set((True, False)):
             # BoolValuedVariant carry information about a single option.
             # Nonetheless, for uniformity of treatment we'll package them
             # in an iterable of one element.
-            options = [(name, f"+{variant}" in spec)]
+            condition = "+{name}".format(name=variant)
+            options = [(name, condition in spec)]
         else:
+            condition = "{variant}={value}"
             # "feature_values" is used to track values which correspond to
             # features which can be enabled or disabled as understood by the
             # package's build system. It excludes values which have special
             # meanings and do not correspond to features (e.g. "none")
-            feature_values = getattr(vdef.values, "feature_values", None) or vdef.values
+            feature_values = (
-            options = [(value, f"{variant}={value}" in spec) for value in feature_values]
+                getattr(variant_desc.values, "feature_values", None) or variant_desc.values
+            )
+
+            options = [
+                (value, condition.format(variant=variant, value=value) in spec)
+                for value in feature_values
+            ]
 
         # For each allowed value in the list of values
         for option_value, activated in options:

lib/spack/spack/build_systems/cached_cmake.py

@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ def define_cmake_cache_from_variant(self, cmake_var, variant=None, comment=""):
         if variant is None:
             variant = cmake_var.lower()
 
-        if not self.pkg.has_variant(variant):
+        if variant not in self.pkg.variants:
             raise KeyError('"{0}" is not a variant of "{1}"'.format(variant, self.pkg.name))
 
         if variant not in self.pkg.spec.variants:

lib/spack/spack/build_systems/cmake.py

@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@
 import spack.build_environment
 import spack.builder
 import spack.deptypes as dt
-import spack.error
 import spack.package_base
 from spack.directives import build_system, conflicts, depends_on, variant
 from spack.multimethod import when
@@ -108,11 +107,6 @@ def _conditional_cmake_defaults(pkg: spack.package_base.PackageBase, args: List[
     if _supports_compilation_databases(pkg):
         args.append(CMakeBuilder.define("CMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS", True))
 
-    # Enable MACOSX_RPATH by default when cmake_minimum_required < 3
-    # https://cmake.org/cmake/help/latest/policy/CMP0042.html
-    if pkg.spec.satisfies("platform=darwin") and cmake.satisfies("@3:"):
-        args.append(CMakeBuilder.define("CMAKE_POLICY_DEFAULT_CMP0042", "NEW"))
-
 
 def generator(*names: str, default: Optional[str] = None):
     """The build system generator to use.
@@ -146,7 +140,6 @@ def _values(x):
         default=default,
         values=_values,
         description="the build system generator to use",
-        when="build_system=cmake",
     )
     for x in not_used:
         conflicts(f"generator={x}")
@@ -346,7 +339,7 @@ def std_args(pkg, generator=None):
             msg = "Invalid CMake generator: '{0}'\n".format(generator)
             msg += "CMakePackage currently supports the following "
             msg += "primary generators: '{0}'".format("', '".join(valid_primary_generators))
-            raise spack.error.InstallError(msg)
+            raise spack.package_base.InstallError(msg)
 
         try:
             build_type = pkg.spec.variants["build_type"].value
@@ -506,7 +499,7 @@ def define_from_variant(self, cmake_var, variant=None):
         if variant is None:
             variant = cmake_var.lower()
 
-        if not self.pkg.has_variant(variant):
+        if variant not in self.pkg.variants:
             raise KeyError('"{0}" is not a variant of "{1}"'.format(variant, self.pkg.name))
 
         if variant not in self.pkg.spec.variants:

lib/spack/spack/build_systems/compiler.py

@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
 
 import spack.compiler
 import spack.package_base
-import spack.util.executable
 
 # Local "type" for type hints
 Path = Union[str, pathlib.Path]

lib/spack/spack/build_systems/cuda.py

@@ -3,9 +3,6 @@
 #
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 
-import re
-from typing import Iterable, List
-
 import spack.variant
 from spack.directives import conflicts, depends_on, variant
 from spack.multimethod import when
@@ -47,7 +44,6 @@ class CudaPackage(PackageBase):
         "87",
         "89",
         "90",
-        "90a",
     )
 
     # FIXME: keep cuda and cuda_arch separate to make usage easier until
@@ -74,27 +70,6 @@ def cuda_flags(arch_list):
             for s in arch_list
         ]
 
-    @staticmethod
-    def compute_capabilities(arch_list: Iterable[str]) -> List[str]:
-        """Adds a decimal place to each CUDA arch.
-
-        >>> compute_capabilities(['90', '90a'])
-        ['9.0', '9.0a']
-
-        Args:
-            arch_list: A list of integer strings, optionally followed by a suffix.
-
-        Returns:
-            A list of float strings, optionally followed by a suffix
-        """
-        pattern = re.compile(r"(\d+)")
-        capabilities = []
-        for arch in arch_list:
-            _, number, letter = re.split(pattern, arch)
-            number = "{0:.1f}".format(float(number) / 10.0)
-            capabilities.append(number + letter)
-        return capabilities
-
     depends_on("cuda", when="+cuda")
 
     # CUDA version vs Architecture
@@ -170,8 +145,7 @@ def compute_capabilities(arch_list: Iterable[str]) -> List[str]:
         conflicts("%clang@15:", when="+cuda ^cuda@:12.0")
         conflicts("%clang@16:", when="+cuda ^cuda@:12.1")
         conflicts("%clang@17:", when="+cuda ^cuda@:12.3")
-        conflicts("%clang@18:", when="+cuda ^cuda@:12.5")
+        conflicts("%clang@18:", when="+cuda ^cuda@:12.6")
-        conflicts("%clang@19:", when="+cuda ^cuda@:12.6")
 
         # https://gist.github.com/ax3l/9489132#gistcomment-3860114
         conflicts("%gcc@10", when="+cuda ^cuda@:11.4.0")

lib/spack/spack/build_systems/intel.py

@@ -22,10 +22,9 @@
     install,
 )
 
-import spack.builder
 import spack.error
 from spack.build_environment import dso_suffix
-from spack.error import InstallError
+from spack.package_base import InstallError
 from spack.util.environment import EnvironmentModifications
 from spack.util.executable import Executable
 from spack.util.prefix import Prefix

lib/spack/spack/build_systems/oneapi.py

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 import spack.util.path
 from spack.build_environment import dso_suffix
 from spack.directives import conflicts, license, redistribute, variant
-from spack.error import InstallError
+from spack.package_base import InstallError
 from spack.util.environment import EnvironmentModifications
 from spack.util.executable import Executable
 

lib/spack/spack/build_systems/python.py

@@ -24,8 +24,6 @@
 import spack.detection
 import spack.multimethod
 import spack.package_base
-import spack.platforms
-import spack.repo
 import spack.spec
 import spack.store
 from spack.directives import build_system, depends_on, extends
@@ -316,9 +314,9 @@ def get_external_python_for_prefix(self):
         )
 
         python_externals_detected = [
-            spec
+            d.spec
-            for spec in python_externals_detection.get("python", [])
+            for d in python_externals_detection.get("python", [])
-            if spec.external_path == self.spec.external_path
+            if d.prefix == self.spec.external_path
         ]
         if python_externals_detected:
             return python_externals_detected[0]

lib/spack/spack/build_systems/r.py

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 from typing import Optional, Tuple
 
 import llnl.util.lang as lang
-from llnl.util.filesystem import mkdirp
 
 from spack.directives import extends
 
@@ -37,7 +36,6 @@ def configure_vars(self):
 
     def install(self, pkg, spec, prefix):
         """Installs an R package."""
-        mkdirp(pkg.module.r_lib_dir)
 
         config_args = self.configure_args()
         config_vars = self.configure_vars()
@@ -45,12 +43,12 @@ def install(self, pkg, spec, prefix):
         args = ["--vanilla", "CMD", "INSTALL"]
 
         if config_args:
-            args.append(f"--configure-args={' '.join(config_args)}")
+            args.append("--configure-args={0}".format(" ".join(config_args)))
 
         if config_vars:
-            args.append(f"--configure-vars={' '.join(config_vars)}")
+            args.append("--configure-vars={0}".format(" ".join(config_vars)))
 
-        args.extend([f"--library={pkg.module.r_lib_dir}", self.stage.source_path])
+        args.extend(["--library={0}".format(self.pkg.module.r_lib_dir), self.stage.source_path])
 
         pkg.module.R(*args)
 
@@ -81,21 +79,27 @@ class RPackage(Package):
     @lang.classproperty
     def homepage(cls):
         if cls.cran:
-            return f"https://cloud.r-project.org/package={cls.cran}"
+            return "https://cloud.r-project.org/package=" + cls.cran
         elif cls.bioc:
-            return f"https://bioconductor.org/packages/{cls.bioc}"
+            return "https://bioconductor.org/packages/" + cls.bioc
 
     @lang.classproperty
     def url(cls):
         if cls.cran:
-            return f"https://cloud.r-project.org/src/contrib/{cls.cran}_{str(list(cls.versions)[0])}.tar.gz"
+            return (
+                "https://cloud.r-project.org/src/contrib/"
+                + cls.cran
+                + "_"
+                + str(list(cls.versions)[0])
+                + ".tar.gz"
+            )
 
     @lang.classproperty
     def list_url(cls):
         if cls.cran:
-            return f"https://cloud.r-project.org/src/contrib/Archive/{cls.cran}/"
+            return "https://cloud.r-project.org/src/contrib/Archive/" + cls.cran + "/"
 
     @property
     def git(self):
         if self.bioc:
-            return f"https://git.bioconductor.org/packages/{self.bioc}"
+            return "https://git.bioconductor.org/packages/" + self.bioc

lib/spack/spack/build_systems/racket.py

@@ -11,9 +11,9 @@
 
 import spack.builder
 from spack.build_environment import SPACK_NO_PARALLEL_MAKE
-from spack.config import determine_number_of_jobs
 from spack.directives import build_system, extends, maintainers
 from spack.package_base import PackageBase
+from spack.util.cpus import determine_number_of_jobs
 from spack.util.environment import env_flag
 from spack.util.executable import Executable, ProcessError
 

lib/spack/spack/builder.py

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 
 from llnl.util import lang
 
-import spack.error
+import spack.build_environment
 import spack.multimethod
 
 #: Builder classes, as registered by the "builder" decorator
@@ -461,13 +461,15 @@ def _on_phase_start(self, instance):
         # If a phase has a matching stop_before_phase attribute,
         # stop the installation process raising a StopPhase
         if getattr(instance, "stop_before_phase", None) == self.name:
-            raise spack.error.StopPhase("Stopping before '{0}' phase".format(self.name))
+            raise spack.build_environment.StopPhase(
+                "Stopping before '{0}' phase".format(self.name)
+            )
 
     def _on_phase_exit(self, instance):
         # If a phase has a matching last_phase attribute,
         # stop the installation process raising a StopPhase
         if getattr(instance, "last_phase", None) == self.name:
-            raise spack.error.StopPhase("Stopping at '{0}' phase".format(self.name))
+            raise spack.build_environment.StopPhase("Stopping at '{0}' phase".format(self.name))
 
     def copy(self):
         return copy.deepcopy(self)

lib/spack/spack/caches.py

@@ -11,7 +11,9 @@
 from llnl.util.filesystem import mkdirp
 
 import spack.config
+import spack.error
 import spack.fetch_strategy
+import spack.mirror
 import spack.paths
 import spack.util.file_cache
 import spack.util.path

lib/spack/spack/ci.py

@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@
 
 import spack
 import spack.binary_distribution as bindist
-import spack.concretize
 import spack.config as cfg
 import spack.environment as ev
 import spack.main
@@ -39,6 +38,7 @@
 import spack.paths
 import spack.repo
 import spack.spec
+import spack.stage
 import spack.util.git
 import spack.util.gpg as gpg_util
 import spack.util.spack_yaml as syaml
@@ -1219,8 +1219,8 @@ def main_script_replacements(cmd):
         # Capture the version of Spack used to generate the pipeline, that can be
         # passed to `git checkout` for version consistency. If we aren't in a Git
         # repository, presume we are a Spack release and use the Git tag instead.
-        spack_version = spack.get_version()
+        spack_version = spack.main.get_version()
-        version_to_clone = spack.get_spack_commit() or f"v{spack.spack_version}"
+        version_to_clone = spack.main.get_spack_commit() or f"v{spack.spack_version}"
 
         output_object["variables"] = {
             "SPACK_ARTIFACTS_ROOT": rel_artifacts_root,

lib/spack/spack/cmd/__init__.py

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 from llnl.util.tty.colify import colify
 from llnl.util.tty.color import colorize
 
-import spack.config  # breaks a cycle.
+import spack.config
 import spack.environment as ev
 import spack.error
 import spack.extensions

lib/spack/spack/cmd/arch.py

@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
 import llnl.util.tty.color as color
 
 import spack.platforms
-import spack.spec
 
 description = "print architecture information about this machine"
 section = "system"

lib/spack/spack/cmd/audit.py

@@ -115,11 +115,15 @@ def audit(parser, args):
 def _process_reports(reports):
     for check, errors in reports:
         if errors:
-            status = f"{len(errors)} issue{'' if len(errors) == 1 else 's'} found"
+            msg = "{0}: {1} issue{2} found".format(
-            print(cl.colorize(f"{check}: @*r{{{status}}}"))
+                check, len(errors), "" if len(errors) == 1 else "s"
-            numdigits = len(str(len(errors)))
+            )
+            header = "@*b{" + msg + "}"
+            print(cl.colorize(header))
             for idx, error in enumerate(errors):
-                print(f"{idx + 1:>{numdigits}}. {error}")
+                print(str(idx + 1) + ". " + str(error))
             raise SystemExit(1)
         else:
-            print(cl.colorize(f"{check}: @*g{{passed}}"))
+            msg = "{0}: 0 issues found.".format(check)
+            header = "@*b{" + msg + "}"
+            print(cl.colorize(header))

lib/spack/spack/cmd/bootstrap.py

@@ -16,11 +16,11 @@
 import spack.bootstrap.config
 import spack.bootstrap.core
 import spack.config
+import spack.main
 import spack.mirror
 import spack.spec
 import spack.stage
 import spack.util.path
-import spack.util.spack_yaml
 from spack.cmd.common import arguments
 
 description = "manage bootstrap configuration"

lib/spack/spack/cmd/buildcache.py

@@ -23,9 +23,14 @@
 import spack.error
 import spack.mirror
 import spack.oci.oci
+import spack.oci.opener
+import spack.relocate
+import spack.repo
 import spack.spec
 import spack.stage
 import spack.store
+import spack.user_environment
+import spack.util.crypto
 import spack.util.parallel
 import spack.util.url as url_util
 import spack.util.web as web_util
@@ -455,7 +460,7 @@ def push_fn(args):
                 "The following {} specs were skipped as they already exist in the buildcache:\n"
                 "    {}\n"
                 "    Use --force to overwrite them.".format(
-                    len(skipped), ", ".join(elide_list([_format_spec(s) for s in skipped], 5))
+                    len(skipped), ", ".join(elide_list(skipped, 5))
                 )
             )
 

lib/spack/spack/cmd/change.py

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: (Apache-2.0 OR MIT)
 
 import spack.cmd
-import spack.spec
 from spack.cmd.common import arguments
 
 description = "change an existing spec in an environment"

lib/spack/spack/cmd/checksum.py

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 import spack.repo
 import spack.spec
 import spack.stage
+import spack.util.crypto
 import spack.util.web as web_util
 from spack.cmd.common import arguments
 from spack.package_base import (

lib/spack/spack/cmd/ci.py

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 import spack.cmd.buildcache as buildcache
 import spack.config as cfg
 import spack.environment as ev
+import spack.environment.depfile
 import spack.hash_types as ht
 import spack.mirror
 import spack.util.gpg as gpg_util

lib/spack/spack/cmd/clean.py

@@ -10,9 +10,11 @@
 import llnl.util.filesystem
 import llnl.util.tty as tty
 
+import spack.bootstrap
 import spack.caches
-import spack.cmd
+import spack.cmd.test
 import spack.config
+import spack.repo
 import spack.stage
 import spack.store
 import spack.util.path

lib/spack/spack/cmd/commands.py

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@
 import copy
 import os
 import re
-import shlex
 import sys
 from argparse import ArgumentParser, Namespace
 from typing import IO, Any, Callable, Dict, Iterable, List, Optional, Sequence, Set, Tuple, Union
@@ -17,10 +16,8 @@
 from llnl.util.tty.colify import colify
 
 import spack.cmd
-import spack.config
 import spack.main
 import spack.paths
-import spack.platforms
 from spack.main import section_descriptions
 
 description = "list available spack commands"
@@ -142,7 +139,7 @@ def usage(self, usage: str) -> str:
 
         cmd = self.parser.prog.replace(" ", "-")
         if cmd in self.documented:
-            string = f"{string}\n:ref:`More documentation <cmd-{cmd}>`\n"
+            string += "\n:ref:`More documentation <cmd-{0}>`\n".format(cmd)
 
         return string
 
@@ -252,27 +249,33 @@ def body(
             Function body.
         """
         if positionals:
-            return f"""
+            return """
     if $list_options
     then
-        {self.optionals(optionals)}
+        {0}
     else
-        {self.positionals(positionals)}
+        {1}
     fi
-"""
+""".format(
+                self.optionals(optionals), self.positionals(positionals)
+            )
         elif subcommands:
-            return f"""
+            return """
     if $list_options
     then
-        {self.optionals(optionals)}
+        {0}
     else
-        {self.subcommands(subcommands)}
+        {1}
     fi
-"""
+""".format(
+                self.optionals(optionals), self.subcommands(subcommands)
+            )
         else:
-            return f"""
+            return """
-    {self.optionals(optionals)}
+    {0}
-"""
+""".format(
+                self.optionals(optionals)
+            )
 
     def positionals(self, positionals: Sequence[str]) -> str:
         """Return the syntax for reporting positional arguments.
@@ -301,7 +304,7 @@ def optionals(self, optionals: Sequence[str]) -> str:
         Returns:
             Syntax for optional flags.
         """
-        return f'SPACK_COMPREPLY="{" ".join(optionals)}"'
+        return 'SPACK_COMPREPLY="{0}"'.format(" ".join(optionals))
 
     def subcommands(self, subcommands: Sequence[str]) -> str:
         """Return the syntax for reporting subcommands.
@@ -312,7 +315,7 @@ def subcommands(self, subcommands: Sequence[str]) -> str:
         Returns:
             Syntax for subcommand parsers
         """
-        return f'SPACK_COMPREPLY="{" ".join(subcommands)}"'
+        return 'SPACK_COMPREPLY="{0}"'.format(" ".join(subcommands))
 
 
 # Map argument destination names to their complete commands
@@ -392,7 +395,7 @@ def _fish_dest_get_complete(prog: str, dest: str) -> Optional[str]:
     subcmd = s[1] if len(s) == 2 else ""
 
     for (prog_key, pos_key), value in _dest_to_fish_complete.items():
-        if subcmd.startswith(prog_key) and re.match(f"^{pos_key}$", dest):
+        if subcmd.startswith(prog_key) and re.match("^" + pos_key + "$", dest):
             return value
     return None
 
@@ -424,6 +427,24 @@ def format(self, cmd: Command) -> str:
             + self.complete(cmd.prog, positionals, optionals, subcommands)
         )
 
+    def _quote(self, string: str) -> str:
+        """Quote string and escape special characters if necessary.
+
+        Args:
+            string: Input string.
+
+        Returns:
+            Quoted string.
+        """
+        # Goal here is to match fish_indent behavior
+
+        # Strings without spaces (or other special characters) do not need to be escaped
+        if not any([sub in string for sub in [" ", "'", '"']]):
+            return string
+
+        string = string.replace("'", r"\'")
+        return f"'{string}'"
+
     def optspecs(
         self,
         prog: str,
@@ -442,7 +463,7 @@ def optspecs(
         optspec_var = "__fish_spack_optspecs_" + prog.replace(" ", "_").replace("-", "_")
 
         if optionals is None:
-            return f"set -g {optspec_var}\n"
+            return "set -g %s\n" % optspec_var
 
         # Build optspec by iterating over options
         args = []
@@ -469,11 +490,11 @@ def optspecs(
             long = [f[2:] for f in flags if f.startswith("--")]
 
             while len(short) > 0 and len(long) > 0:
-                arg = f"{short.pop()}/{long.pop()}{required}"
+                arg = "%s/%s%s" % (short.pop(), long.pop(), required)
             while len(short) > 0:
-                arg = f"{short.pop()}/{required}"
+                arg = "%s/%s" % (short.pop(), required)
             while len(long) > 0:
-                arg = f"{long.pop()}{required}"
+                arg = "%s%s" % (long.pop(), required)
 
             args.append(arg)
 
@@ -482,7 +503,7 @@ def optspecs(
         # indicate that such subcommand exists.
         args = " ".join(args)
 
-        return f"set -g {optspec_var} {args}\n"
+        return "set -g %s %s\n" % (optspec_var, args)
 
     @staticmethod
     def complete_head(
@@ -503,14 +524,12 @@ def complete_head(
         subcmd = s[1] if len(s) == 2 else ""
 
         if index is None:
-            return f"complete -c {s[0]} -n '__fish_spack_using_command {subcmd}'"
+            return "complete -c %s -n '__fish_spack_using_command %s'" % (s[0], subcmd)
         elif nargs in [argparse.ZERO_OR_MORE, argparse.ONE_OR_MORE, argparse.REMAINDER]:
-            return (
+            head = "complete -c %s -n '__fish_spack_using_command_pos_remainder %d %s'"
-                f"complete -c {s[0]} -n '__fish_spack_using_command_pos_remainder "
-                f"{index} {subcmd}'"
-            )
         else:
-            return f"complete -c {s[0]} -n '__fish_spack_using_command_pos {index} {subcmd}'"
+            head = "complete -c %s -n '__fish_spack_using_command_pos %d %s'"
+        return head % (s[0], index, subcmd)
 
     def complete(
         self,
@@ -578,18 +597,25 @@ def positionals(
 
             if choices is not None:
                 # If there are choices, we provide a completion for all possible values.
-                commands.append(f"{head} -f -a {shlex.quote(' '.join(choices))}")
+                commands.append(head + " -f -a %s" % self._quote(" ".join(choices)))
             else:
                 # Otherwise, we try to find a predefined completion for it
                 value = _fish_dest_get_complete(prog, args)
                 if value is not None:
-                    commands.append(f"{head} {value}")
+                    commands.append(head + " " + value)
 
         return "\n".join(commands) + "\n"
 
     def prog_comment(self, prog: str) -> str:
-        """Return a comment line for the command."""
+        """Return a comment line for the command.
-        return f"\n# {prog}\n"
+
+        Args:
+            prog: Program name.
+
+        Returns:
+            Comment line.
+        """
+        return "\n# %s\n" % prog
 
     def optionals(
         self,
@@ -632,28 +658,28 @@ def optionals(
             for f in flags:
                 if f.startswith("--"):
                     long = f[2:]
-                    prefix = f"{prefix} -l {long}"
+                    prefix += " -l %s" % long
                 elif f.startswith("-"):
                     short = f[1:]
                     assert len(short) == 1
-                    prefix = f"{prefix} -s {short}"
+                    prefix += " -s %s" % short
 
             # Check if option require argument.
             # Currently multi-argument options are not supported, so we treat it like one argument.
             if nargs != 0:
-                prefix = f"{prefix} -r"
+                prefix += " -r"
 
             if dest is not None:
                 # If there are choices, we provide a completion for all possible values.
-                commands.append(f"{prefix} -f -a {shlex.quote(' '.join(dest))}")
+                commands.append(prefix + " -f -a %s" % self._quote(" ".join(dest)))
             else:
                 # Otherwise, we try to find a predefined completion for it
                 value = _fish_dest_get_complete(prog, dest)
                 if value is not None:
-                    commands.append(f"{prefix} {value}")
+                    commands.append(prefix + " " + value)
 
             if help:
-                commands.append(f"{prefix} -d {shlex.quote(help)}")
+                commands.append(prefix + " -d %s" % self._quote(help))
 
         return "\n".join(commands) + "\n"
 
@@ -671,11 +697,11 @@ def subcommands(self, prog: str, subcommands: List[Tuple[ArgumentParser, str, st
         head = self.complete_head(prog, 0)
 
         for _, subcommand, help in subcommands:
-            command = f"{head} -f -a {shlex.quote(subcommand)}"
+            command = head + " -f -a %s" % self._quote(subcommand)
 
             if help is not None and len(help) > 0:
                 help = help.split("\n")[0]
-                command = f"{command} -d {shlex.quote(help)}"
+                command += " -d %s" % self._quote(help)
 
             commands.append(command)
 
@@ -721,7 +747,7 @@ def rst_index(out: IO) -> None:
 
         for i, cmd in enumerate(sorted(commands)):
             description = description.capitalize() if i == 0 else ""
-            ref = f":ref:`{cmd} <spack-{cmd}>`"
+            ref = ":ref:`%s <spack-%s>`" % (cmd, cmd)
             comma = "," if i != len(commands) - 1 else ""
             bar = "| " if i % 8 == 0 else "  "
             out.write(line % (description, bar + ref + comma))
@@ -832,10 +858,10 @@ def _commands(parser: ArgumentParser, args: Namespace) -> None:
 
     # check header first so we don't open out files unnecessarily
     if args.header and not os.path.exists(args.header):
-        tty.die(f"No such file: '{args.header}'")
+        tty.die("No such file: '%s'" % args.header)
 
     if args.update:
-        tty.msg(f"Updating file: {args.update}")
+        tty.msg("Updating file: %s" % args.update)
         with open(args.update, "w") as f:
             prepend_header(args, f)
             formatter(args, f)

lib/spack/spack/cmd/common/arguments.py

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 import spack.deptypes as dt
 import spack.environment as ev
 import spack.mirror
+import spack.modules
 import spack.reporters
 import spack.spec
 import spack.store

lib/spack/spack/cmd/common/confirmation.py

@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
 import llnl.util.tty as tty
 
 import spack.cmd
-import spack.spec
 
 display_args = {"long": True, "show_flags": False, "variants": False, "indent": 4}
 

lib/spack/spack/cmd/common/env_utility.py

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 import spack.cmd
 import spack.deptypes as dt
 import spack.error
+import spack.paths
 import spack.spec
 import spack.store
 from spack import build_environment, traverse

lib/spack/spack/cmd/config.py

@@ -13,9 +13,9 @@
 
 import spack.config
 import spack.environment as ev
-import spack.error
+import spack.repo
 import spack.schema.env
-import spack.spec
+import spack.schema.packages
 import spack.store
 import spack.util.spack_yaml as syaml
 from spack.cmd.common import arguments
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ def config_remove(args):
         existing.pop(value, None)
     else:
         # This should be impossible to reach
-        raise spack.error.ConfigError("Config has nested non-dict values")
+        raise spack.config.ConfigError("Config has nested non-dict values")
 
     spack.config.set(path, existing, scope)
 
@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ def _config_change(config_path, match_spec_str=None):
         if not changed:
             existing_requirements = spack.config.get(key_path)
             if isinstance(existing_requirements, str):
-                raise spack.error.ConfigError(
+                raise spack.config.ConfigError(
                     "'config change' needs to append a requirement,"
                     " but existing require: config is not a list"
                 )
@@ -536,11 +536,11 @@ def config_prefer_upstream(args):
         # Get and list all the variants that differ from the default.
         variants = []
         for var_name, variant in spec.variants.items():
-            if var_name in ["patches"] or not spec.package.has_variant(var_name):
+            if var_name in ["patches"] or var_name not in spec.package.variants:
                 continue
 
-            vdef = spec.package.get_variant(var_name)
+            variant_desc, _ = spec.package.variants[var_name]
-            if variant.value != vdef.default:
+            if variant.value != variant_desc.default:
                 variants.append(str(variant))
         variants.sort()
         variants = " ".join(variants)

lib/spack/spack/cmd/create.py

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 
 import spack.repo
 import spack.stage
+import spack.util.web
 from spack.spec import Spec
 from spack.url import (
     UndetectableNameError,

lib/spack/spack/cmd/debug.py

@@ -13,12 +13,11 @@
 import llnl.util.tty as tty
 from llnl.util.filesystem import working_dir
 
-import spack
+import spack.config
 import spack.paths
 import spack.platforms
-import spack.spec
-import spack.store
 import spack.util.git
+from spack.main import get_version
 from spack.util.executable import which
 
 description = "debugging commands for troubleshooting Spack"
@@ -90,7 +89,7 @@ def report(args):
     host_os = host_platform.operating_system("frontend")
     host_target = host_platform.target("frontend")
     architecture = spack.spec.ArchSpec((str(host_platform), str(host_os), str(host_target)))
-    print("* **Spack:**", spack.get_version())
+    print("* **Spack:**", get_version())
     print("* **Python:**", platform.python_version())
     print("* **Platform:**", architecture)
 

lib/spack/spack/cmd/dependencies.py

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 import spack.cmd
 import spack.environment as ev
 import spack.package_base
+import spack.repo
 import spack.store
 from spack.cmd.common import arguments
 

lib/spack/spack/cmd/deprecate.py

@@ -14,13 +14,13 @@
 installation and its deprecator.
 """
 import argparse
+import os
 
 import llnl.util.tty as tty
 from llnl.util.symlink import symlink
 
 import spack.cmd
 import spack.environment as ev
-import spack.installer
 import spack.store
 from spack.cmd.common import arguments
 from spack.database import InstallStatuses
@@ -76,7 +76,12 @@ def setup_parser(sp):
     )
 
     sp.add_argument(
-        "-l", "--link-type", type=str, default=None, choices=["soft", "hard"], help="(deprecated)"
+        "-l",
+        "--link-type",
+        type=str,
+        default="soft",
+        choices=["soft", "hard"],
+        help="type of filesystem link to use for deprecation (default soft)",
     )
 
     sp.add_argument(
@@ -86,9 +91,6 @@ def setup_parser(sp):
 
 def deprecate(parser, args):
     """Deprecate one spec in favor of another"""
-    if args.link_type is not None:
-        tty.warn("The --link-type option is deprecated and will be removed in a future release.")
-
     env = ev.active_environment()
     specs = spack.cmd.parse_specs(args.specs)
 
@@ -142,5 +144,7 @@ def deprecate(parser, args):
         if not answer:
             tty.die("Will not deprecate any packages.")
 
+    link_fn = os.link if args.link_type == "hard" else symlink
+
     for dcate, dcator in zip(all_deprecate, all_deprecators):
-        spack.installer.deprecate(dcate, dcator, symlink)
+        dcate.package.do_deprecate(dcator, link_fn)

lib/spack/spack/cmd/dev_build.py

@@ -8,13 +8,10 @@
 
 import llnl.util.tty as tty
 
-import spack.build_environment
 import spack.cmd
-import spack.cmd.common.arguments
 import spack.config
 import spack.repo
 from spack.cmd.common import arguments
-from spack.installer import PackageInstaller
 
 description = "developer build: build from code in current working directory"
 section = "build"
@@ -132,9 +129,9 @@ def dev_build(self, args):
     elif args.test == "root":
         tests = [spec.name for spec in specs]
 
-    PackageInstaller(
+    spec.package.do_install(
-        [spec.package],
         tests=tests,
+        make_jobs=args.jobs,
         keep_prefix=args.keep_prefix,
         install_deps=not args.ignore_deps,
         verbose=not args.quiet,
@@ -142,7 +139,7 @@ def dev_build(self, args):
         stop_before=args.before,
         skip_patch=args.skip_patch,
         stop_at=args.until,
-    ).install()
+    )
 
     # drop into the build environment of the package?
     if args.shell is not None:

lib/spack/spack/cmd/develop.py

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 import spack.cmd
 import spack.config
 import spack.fetch_strategy
+import spack.package_base
 import spack.repo
 import spack.spec
 import spack.stage

lib/spack/spack/cmd/diff.py

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 import spack.cmd
 import spack.environment as ev
 import spack.solver.asp as asp
+import spack.util.environment
 import spack.util.spack_json as sjson
 from spack.cmd.common import arguments
 

lib/spack/spack/cmd/env.py

@@ -21,12 +21,15 @@
 import spack.cmd
 import spack.cmd.common
 import spack.cmd.common.arguments
+import spack.cmd.install
 import spack.cmd.modules
+import spack.cmd.uninstall
 import spack.config
 import spack.environment as ev
 import spack.environment.depfile as depfile
-import spack.environment.environment
 import spack.environment.shell
+import spack.schema.env
+import spack.spec
 import spack.tengine
 from spack.cmd.common import arguments
 from spack.util.environment import EnvironmentModifications

lib/spack/spack/cmd/external.py

@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@
 import spack.cray_manifest as cray_manifest
 import spack.detection
 import spack.error
-import spack.package_base
 import spack.repo
 import spack.spec
+import spack.util.environment
 from spack.cmd.common import arguments
 
 description = "manage external packages in Spack configuration"

lib/spack/spack/cmd/fetch.py

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 import spack.cmd
 import spack.config
 import spack.environment as ev
+import spack.repo
 import spack.traverse
 from spack.cmd.common import arguments
 

lib/spack/spack/cmd/find.py

@@ -10,11 +10,10 @@
 import llnl.util.tty as tty
 import llnl.util.tty.color as color
 
+import spack.bootstrap
 import spack.cmd as cmd
-import spack.config
 import spack.environment as ev
 import spack.repo
-import spack.spec
 import spack.store
 from spack.cmd.common import arguments
 from spack.database import InstallStatuses

lib/spack/spack/cmd/info.py

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 import spack.install_test
 import spack.repo
 import spack.spec
-import spack.variant
+import spack.version
 from spack.cmd.common import arguments
 from spack.package_base import preferred_version
 
@@ -48,7 +48,6 @@ def setup_parser(subparser):
     options = [
         ("--detectable", print_detectable.__doc__),
         ("--maintainers", print_maintainers.__doc__),
-        ("--namespace", print_namespace.__doc__),
         ("--no-dependencies", "do not " + print_dependencies.__doc__),
         ("--no-variants", "do not " + print_variants.__doc__),
         ("--no-versions", "do not " + print_versions.__doc__),
@@ -190,15 +189,6 @@ def print_maintainers(pkg, args):
         color.cprint(section_title("Maintainers: ") + mnt)
 
 
-def print_namespace(pkg, args):
-    """output package namespace"""
-
-    repo = spack.repo.PATH.get_repo(pkg.namespace)
-    color.cprint("")
-    color.cprint(section_title("Namespace:"))
-    color.cprint(f"    @c{{{repo.namespace}}} at {repo.root}")
-
-
 def print_phases(pkg, args):
     """output installation phases"""
 
@@ -333,6 +323,26 @@ def _fmt_variant(variant, max_name_default_len, indent, when=None, out=None):
     out.write("\n")
 
 
+def _variants_by_name_when(pkg):
+    """Adaptor to get variants keyed by { name: { when: { [Variant...] } }."""
+    # TODO: replace with pkg.variants_by_name(when=True) when unified directive dicts are merged.
+    variants = {}
+    for name, (variant, whens) in sorted(pkg.variants.items()):
+        for when in whens:
+            variants.setdefault(name, {}).setdefault(when, []).append(variant)
+    return variants
+
+
+def _variants_by_when_name(pkg):
+    """Adaptor to get variants keyed by { when: { name: Variant } }"""
+    # TODO: replace with pkg.variants when unified directive dicts are merged.
+    variants = {}
+    for name, (variant, whens) in pkg.variants.items():
+        for when in whens:
+            variants.setdefault(when, {})[name] = variant
+    return variants
+
+
 def _print_variants_header(pkg):
     """output variants"""
 
@@ -343,22 +353,32 @@ def _print_variants_header(pkg):
     color.cprint("")
     color.cprint(section_title("Variants:"))
 
+    variants_by_name = _variants_by_name_when(pkg)
+
     # Calculate the max length of the "name [default]" part of the variant display
     # This lets us know where to print variant values.
     max_name_default_len = max(
         color.clen(_fmt_name_and_default(variant))
-        for name in pkg.variant_names()
+        for name, when_variants in variants_by_name.items()
-        for _, variant in pkg.variant_definitions(name)
+        for variants in when_variants.values()
+        for variant in variants
     )
 
-    return max_name_default_len
+    return max_name_default_len, variants_by_name
+
+
+def _unconstrained_ver_first(item):
+    """sort key that puts specs with open version ranges first"""
+    spec, _ = item
+    return (spack.version.any_version not in spec.versions, spec)
 
 
 def print_variants_grouped_by_when(pkg):
-    max_name_default_len = _print_variants_header(pkg)
+    max_name_default_len, _ = _print_variants_header(pkg)
 
     indent = 4
-    for when, variants_by_name in pkg.variant_items():
+    variants = _variants_by_when_name(pkg)
+    for when, variants_by_name in sorted(variants.items(), key=_unconstrained_ver_first):
         padded_values = max_name_default_len + 4
         start_indent = indent
 
@@ -376,14 +396,15 @@ def print_variants_grouped_by_when(pkg):
 
 
 def print_variants_by_name(pkg):
-    max_name_default_len = _print_variants_header(pkg)
+    max_name_default_len, variants_by_name = _print_variants_header(pkg)
     max_name_default_len += 4
 
     indent = 4
-    for name in pkg.variant_names():
+    for name, when_variants in variants_by_name.items():
-        for when, variant in pkg.variant_definitions(name):
+        for when, variants in sorted(when_variants.items(), key=_unconstrained_ver_first):
-            _fmt_variant(variant, max_name_default_len, indent, when, out=sys.stdout)
+            for variant in variants:
-            sys.stdout.write("\n")
+                _fmt_variant(variant, max_name_default_len, indent, when, out=sys.stdout)
+                sys.stdout.write("\n")
 
 
 def print_variants(pkg, args):
@@ -501,7 +522,6 @@ def info(parser, args):
     # Now output optional information in expected order
     sections = [
         (args.all or args.maintainers, print_maintainers),
-        (args.all or args.namespace, print_namespace),
         (args.all or args.detectable, print_detectable),
         (args.all or args.tags, print_tags),
         (args.all or not args.no_versions, print_versions),

lib/spack/spack/cmd/install.py

@@ -13,15 +13,18 @@
 from llnl.string import plural
 from llnl.util import lang, tty
 
+import spack.build_environment
 import spack.cmd
 import spack.config
 import spack.environment as ev
+import spack.fetch_strategy
+import spack.package_base
 import spack.paths
 import spack.report
 import spack.spec
 import spack.store
 from spack.cmd.common import arguments
-from spack.error import InstallError, SpackError
+from spack.error import SpackError
 from spack.installer import PackageInstaller
 
 description = "build and install packages"
@@ -284,7 +287,7 @@ def require_user_confirmation_for_overwrite(concrete_specs, args):
         tty.die("Reinstallation aborted.")
 
 
-def _dump_log_on_error(e: InstallError):
+def _dump_log_on_error(e: spack.build_environment.InstallError):
     e.print_context()
     assert e.pkg, "Expected InstallError to include the associated package"
     if not os.path.exists(e.pkg.log_path):
@@ -349,7 +352,7 @@ def reporter_factory(specs):
             install_with_active_env(env, args, install_kwargs, reporter_factory)
         else:
             install_without_active_env(args, install_kwargs, reporter_factory)
-    except InstallError as e:
+    except spack.build_environment.InstallError as e:
         if args.show_log_on_error:
             _dump_log_on_error(e)
         raise
@@ -474,5 +477,5 @@ def install_without_active_env(args, install_kwargs, reporter_factory):
 
         installs = [s.package for s in concrete_specs]
         install_kwargs["explicit"] = [s.dag_hash() for s in concrete_specs]
-        builder = PackageInstaller(installs, **install_kwargs)
+        builder = PackageInstaller(installs, install_kwargs)
         builder.install()

lib/spack/spack/cmd/load.py

@@ -6,10 +6,11 @@
 import sys
 
 import spack.cmd
-import spack.cmd.common
+import spack.cmd.find
 import spack.environment as ev
 import spack.store
 import spack.user_environment as uenv
+import spack.util.environment
 from spack.cmd.common import arguments
 
 description = "add package to the user environment"

lib/spack/spack/cmd/mark.py

@@ -8,6 +8,9 @@
 from llnl.util import tty
 
 import spack.cmd
+import spack.error
+import spack.package_base
+import spack.repo
 import spack.store
 from spack.cmd.common import arguments
 from spack.database import InstallStatuses

lib/spack/spack/cmd/mirror.py

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 import spack.mirror
 import spack.repo
 import spack.spec
+import spack.util.path
 import spack.util.web as web_util
 from spack.cmd.common import arguments
 from spack.error import SpackError

lib/spack/spack/cmd/modules/__init__.py

@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@
 
 import spack.cmd
 import spack.config
-import spack.error
 import spack.modules
 import spack.modules.common
 import spack.repo
@@ -125,13 +124,13 @@ def check_module_set_name(name):
     names = [k for k in modules if k != "prefix_inspections"]
 
     if not names:
-        raise spack.error.ConfigError(
+        raise spack.config.ConfigError(
             f"Module set configuration is missing. Cannot use module set '{name}'"
         )
 
     pretty_names = "', '".join(names)
 
-    raise spack.error.ConfigError(
+    raise spack.config.ConfigError(
         f"Cannot use invalid module set '{name}'.",
         f"Valid module set names are: '{pretty_names}'.",
     )
@@ -173,7 +172,7 @@ def loads(module_type, specs, args, out=None):
     modules = list(
         (
             spec,
-            spack.modules.get_module(
+            spack.modules.common.get_module(
                 module_type,
                 spec,
                 get_full_path=False,
@@ -222,7 +221,7 @@ def find(module_type, specs, args):
 
     try:
         modules = [
-            spack.modules.get_module(
+            spack.modules.common.get_module(
                 module_type,
                 spec,
                 args.full_path,
@@ -233,7 +232,7 @@ def find(module_type, specs, args):
         ]
 
         modules.append(
-            spack.modules.get_module(
+            spack.modules.common.get_module(
                 module_type,
                 single_spec,
                 args.full_path,

lib/spack/spack/cmd/patch.py

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 import spack.config
 import spack.environment as ev
 import spack.package_base
+import spack.repo
 import spack.traverse
 from spack.cmd.common import arguments
 

lib/spack/spack/cmd/pkg.py

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 from llnl.util.tty.colify import colify
 
 import spack.cmd
+import spack.paths
 import spack.repo
 import spack.util.executable as exe
 import spack.util.package_hash as ph

lib/spack/spack/cmd/python.py

@@ -78,8 +78,8 @@ def python(parser, args, unknown_args):
 
     # Run user choice of interpreter
     if args.python_interpreter == "ipython":
-        return ipython_interpreter(args)
+        return spack.cmd.python.ipython_interpreter(args)
-    return python_interpreter(args)
+    return spack.cmd.python.python_interpreter(args)
 
 
 def ipython_interpreter(args):

lib/spack/spack/cmd/restage.py

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 import llnl.util.tty as tty
 
 import spack.cmd
+import spack.repo
 from spack.cmd.common import arguments
 
 description = "revert checked out package source code"

lib/spack/spack/cmd/solve.py

@@ -12,12 +12,11 @@
 
 import spack
 import spack.cmd
-import spack.cmd.common.arguments
 import spack.config
 import spack.environment
 import spack.hash_types as ht
+import spack.package_base
 import spack.solver.asp as asp
-import spack.spec
 from spack.cmd.common import arguments
 
 description = "concretize a specs using an ASP solver"

lib/spack/spack/cmd/spec.py

@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
 import spack.hash_types as ht
 import spack.spec
 import spack.store
-import spack.traverse
 from spack.cmd.common import arguments
 
 description = "show what would be installed, given a spec"

lib/spack/spack/cmd/stage.py

@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@
 import spack.config
 import spack.environment as ev
 import spack.package_base
+import spack.repo
+import spack.stage
 import spack.traverse
 from spack.cmd.common import arguments
 

lib/spack/spack/cmd/tags.py

@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@
 import llnl.util.tty as tty
 import llnl.util.tty.colify as colify
 
-import spack.environment
 import spack.repo
+import spack.store
 import spack.tag
 
 description = "show package tags and associated packages"

lib/spack/spack/cmd/test.py

@@ -15,12 +15,11 @@
 from llnl.util.tty import colify
 
 import spack.cmd
-import spack.config
 import spack.environment as ev
 import spack.install_test
+import spack.package_base
 import spack.repo
 import spack.report
-import spack.store
 from spack.cmd.common import arguments
 
 description = "run spack's tests for an install"

lib/spack/spack/cmd/tutorial.py

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@
 from llnl.util.filesystem import working_dir
 
 import spack
-import spack.cmd
 import spack.config
 import spack.paths
 import spack.util.git

lib/spack/spack/cmd/undevelop.py

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
 import llnl.util.tty as tty
 
 import spack.cmd
-import spack.config
 from spack.cmd.common import arguments
 
 description = "remove specs from an environment"

lib/spack/spack/cmd/unit_test.py

@@ -10,8 +10,6 @@
 import re
 import sys
 
-import spack.extensions
-
 try:
     import pytest
 except ImportError:

lib/spack/spack/cmd/unload.py

@@ -7,10 +7,9 @@
 import sys
 
 import spack.cmd
-import spack.cmd.common
 import spack.error
-import spack.store
 import spack.user_environment as uenv
+import spack.util.environment
 from spack.cmd.common import arguments
 
 description = "remove package from the user environment"

lib/spack/spack/cmd/verify.py

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
 
 import llnl.util.tty as tty
 
-import spack.cmd
 import spack.environment as ev
 import spack.store
 import spack.verify

lib/spack/spack/compiler.py

@@ -202,6 +202,18 @@ class Compiler:
     support for specific compilers, their possible names, arguments,
     and how to identify the particular type of compiler."""
 
+    # Subclasses use possible names of C compiler
+    cc_names: List[str] = []
+
+    # Subclasses use possible names of C++ compiler
+    cxx_names: List[str] = []
+
+    # Subclasses use possible names of Fortran 77 compiler
+    f77_names: List[str] = []
+
+    # Subclasses use possible names of Fortran 90 compiler
+    fc_names: List[str] = []
+
     # Optional prefix regexes for searching for this type of compiler.
     # Prefixes are sometimes used for toolchains
     prefixes: List[str] = []
@@ -607,6 +619,18 @@ def extract_version_from_output(cls, output):
     def cc_version(cls, cc):
         return cls.default_version(cc)
 
+    @classmethod
+    def cxx_version(cls, cxx):
+        return cls.default_version(cxx)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def f77_version(cls, f77):
+        return cls.default_version(f77)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def fc_version(cls, fc):
+        return cls.default_version(fc)
+
     @classmethod
     def search_regexps(cls, language):
         # Compile all the regular expressions used for files beforehand.