doc: update version to 3.5.0

related to #123

.circleci/config.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+version: 2.1
+
+jobs:
+  test_suite:
+    environment:
+      - GOPATH: /home/circleci/go
+    docker:
+      - image: circleci/golang:1.9
+    steps:
+      - checkout
+      - run:
+          command: |
+              g++ --version
+              cd tests/
+              g++ -std=c++11 -O2 -Wall -Wextra -Werror -DTOML11_DISALLOW_HETEROGENEOUS_ARRAYS -I../ check_toml_test.cpp -o check_toml_test
+              go get github.com/BurntSushi/toml-test
+              $GOPATH/bin/toml-test ./check_toml_test
+  test_serialization:
+    docker:
+      - image: circleci/buildpack-deps:bionic
+    steps:
+      - checkout
+      - run:
+          command: |
+              g++ --version
+              cd tests/
+              g++ -std=c++11 -O2 -Wall -Wextra -Wpedantic -Werror -DTOML11_DISALLOW_HETEROGENEOUS_ARRAYS -I../ check_serialization.cpp -o check_serialization
+              git clone https://github.com/BurntSushi/toml-test.git
+              cp check_serialization toml-test/tests/valid
+              cd toml-test/tests/valid
+              for f in $(ls ./*.toml);
+                do echo "==> ${f}";
+                cat ${f};
+                echo "---------------------------------------";
+                ./check_serialization ${f};
+                if [ $? -ne 0 ] ; then
+                  exit 1
+                fi
+                echo "=======================================";
+              done
+  output_result:
+    docker:
+      - image: circleci/buildpack-deps:bionic
+    steps:
+      - checkout
+      - run:
+          command: |
+              g++ --version
+              cd tests/
+              g++ -std=c++11 -O2 -Wall -Wextra -Wpedantic -Werror -DTOML11_DISALLOW_HETEROGENEOUS_ARRAYS -I../ check.cpp -o check
+              git clone https://github.com/BurntSushi/toml-test.git
+              cp check toml-test/tests/invalid
+              cp check toml-test/tests/valid
+              cd toml-test/tests/invalid
+              for f in $(ls ./*.toml);
+                do echo "==> ${f}";
+                cat ${f};
+                echo "---------------------------------------";
+                ./check ${f} invalid;
+                if [ $? -ne 0 ] ; then
+                  exit 1
+                fi
+                echo "=======================================";
+              done
+              cd ../valid
+              for f in $(ls ./*.toml);
+                do echo "==> ${f}";
+                cat ${f};
+                echo "---------------------------------------";
+                ./check ${f} valid;
+                if [ $? -ne 0 ] ; then
+                  exit 1
+                fi
+                echo "=======================================";
+              done
+
+workflows:
+  version: 2.1
+  test:
+    jobs:
+      - test_suite
+      - test_serialization
+      - output_result

.github/workflows/main.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+name: build
+
+on: [push, pull_request]
+
+jobs:
+  build-linux-gcc:
+    runs-on: Ubuntu-18.04
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        # g++-4.8 and 4.9 are tested on Travis.CI.
+        compiler: ['g++-9', 'g++-8', 'g++-7', 'g++-6', 'g++-5']
+        standard: ['11', '14', '17']
+        exclude:
+            - {compiler: 'g++-5', standard: '17'}
+            - {compiler: 'g++-6', standard: '17'}
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - name: Install
+        run: |
+            sudo apt-add-repository ppa:mhier/libboost-latest
+            sudo apt-get update
+            sudo apt-get install boost1.70
+            if [[ "${{ matrix.compiler }}" == "g++-6" || "${{ matrix.compiler }}" == "g++-5" ]] ; then
+                sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test
+                sudo apt-get update
+                sudo apt-get install ${{ matrix.compiler }}
+            fi
+      - name: Configure
+        run: |
+            mkdir build && cd build
+            cmake .. -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=${{ matrix.compiler }} -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=${{ matrix.standard }}
+      - name: Build
+        run: |
+            cd build && cmake --build .
+      - name: Test
+        run: |
+            cd build && ctest --output-on-failure
+  build-linux-clang:
+    runs-on: Ubuntu-18.04
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        compiler: ['10', '9', '8', '7', '6.0', '5.0', '4.0', '3.9']
+        standard: ['11', '14', '17']
+        exclude:
+            - {compiler: '3.9', standard: '17'}
+            - {compiler: '4.0', standard: '17'}
+            - {compiler: '5.0', standard: '17'}
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - name: Install
+        run: |
+            sudo apt-add-repository ppa:mhier/libboost-latest
+            sudo apt-get update
+            sudo apt-get install boost1.70
+            if [[ "${{ matrix.compiler }}" != "6" && "${{ matrix.compiler }}" != "8" && "${{ matrix.compiler }}" != "9" ]] ; then
+                sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test
+                sudo apt-get update
+                sudo apt-get install clang-${{ matrix.compiler }}
+            fi
+      - name: Configure
+        run: |
+            mkdir build && cd build
+            cmake .. -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=clang++-${{ matrix.compiler }} -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=${{ matrix.standard }}
+      - name: Build
+        run: |
+            cd build && cmake --build .
+      - name: Test
+        run: |
+            cd build && ctest --output-on-failure
+  build-windows-msvc:
+    runs-on: windows-2019
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        standard: ['11', '14', '17']
+        config: ['Release', 'Debug']
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          submodules: true
+      - uses: ilammy/msvc-dev-cmd@v1
+      - name: Configure
+        shell: cmd
+        run: |
+            mkdir build
+            cd build
+            cmake ../ -G "NMake Makefiles" -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=${{ matrix.standard }} -DBoost_ADDITIONAL_VERSIONS=1.72.0 -DBoost_USE_MULTITHREADED=ON -DBoost_ARCHITECTURE=-x64 -DBoost_NO_BOOST_CMAKE=ON -DBOOST_ROOT=%BOOST_ROOT_1_72_0%
+      - name: Build
+        working-directory: ./build
+        run: |
+            cmake --build . --config "${{ matrix.config }}"
+      - name: Test
+        working-directory: ./build
+        run: |
+            file --mime-encoding tests/toml/tests/example.toml
+            file --mime-encoding tests/toml/tests/fruit.toml
+            file --mime-encoding tests/toml/tests/hard_example.toml
+            file --mime-encoding tests/toml/tests/hard_example_unicode.toml
+            ctest --build-config "${{ matrix.config }}" --output-on-failure

.travis.yml

@@ -5,38 +5,327 @@ matrix:
   - os: linux
     language: cpp
     compiler: gcc
-    env: COMPILER="g++-5"
+    env: COMPILER="g++-4.8" CXX_STANDARD=11
     addons:
       apt:
         sources:
-        - ubuntu-toolchain-r-test
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test'
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:mhier/libboost-latest'
+        packages:
+        - g++-4.8
+        - boost1.70
+  - os: linux
+    language: cpp
+    compiler: gcc
+    env: COMPILER="g++-4.9" CXX_STANDARD=11
+    addons:
+      apt:
+        sources:
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test'
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:mhier/libboost-latest'
+        packages:
+        - g++-4.9
+        - boost1.70
+  - os: linux
+    language: cpp
+    compiler: gcc
+    env: COMPILER="g++-5" CXX_STANDARD=11
+    addons:
+      apt:
+        sources:
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test'
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:mhier/libboost-latest'
         packages:
         - g++-5
-        - build-essential
-        - cmake
-        - libboost-all-dev
+        - boost1.70
+  - os: linux
+    language: cpp
+    compiler: gcc
+    env: COMPILER="g++-6" CXX_STANDARD=11
+    addons:
+      apt:
+        sources:
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test'
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:mhier/libboost-latest'
+        packages:
+        - g++-6
+        - boost1.70
+  - os: linux
+    language: cpp
+    compiler: gcc
+    env: COMPILER="g++-7" CXX_STANDARD=11
+    addons:
+      apt:
+        sources:
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test'
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:mhier/libboost-latest'
+        packages:
+        - g++-7
+        - boost1.70
+  - os: linux
+    language: cpp
+    compiler: gcc
+    env: COMPILER="g++-8" CXX_STANDARD=11
+    addons:
+      apt:
+        sources:
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test'
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:mhier/libboost-latest'
+        packages:
+        - g++-8
+        - boost1.70
+  - os: linux
+    language: cpp
+    compiler: gcc
+    env: COMPILER="g++-8" CXX_STANDARD=11 TOML_HEAD=ON
+    addons:
+      apt:
+        sources:
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test'
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:mhier/libboost-latest'
+        packages:
+        - g++-8
+        - boost1.70
+  - os: linux
+    language: cpp
+    compiler: gcc
+    env: COMPILER="g++-8" CXX_STANDARD=14
+    addons:
+      apt:
+        sources:
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test'
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:mhier/libboost-latest'
+        packages:
+        - g++-8
+        - boost1.70
+  - os: linux
+    language: cpp
+    compiler: gcc
+    env: COMPILER="g++-8" CXX_STANDARD=17
+    addons:
+      apt:
+        sources:
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test'
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:mhier/libboost-latest'
+        packages:
+        - g++-8
+        - boost1.70
+  - os: linux
+    language: cpp
+    compiler: gcc
+    env: COMPILER="g++-8" CXX_STANDARD=17 TOML_HEAD=ON
+    addons:
+      apt:
+        sources:
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test'
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:mhier/libboost-latest'
+        packages:
+        - g++-8
+        - boost1.70
   - os: linux
     language: cpp
     compiler: clang
-    env: COMPILER="clang++-3.7"
+    env: COMPILER="clang++-3.9" CXX_STANDARD=11
     addons:
       apt:
         sources:
-        - ubuntu-toolchain-r-test
-        - llvm-toolchain-precise-3.7
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test'
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:mhier/libboost-latest'
+        - llvm-toolchain-trusty-3.9
         packages:
-        - clang-3.7
-        - build-essential
-        - cmake
-        - libboost-all-dev
+        - g++-8
+        - clang-3.9
+        - boost1.70
+  - os: linux
+    language: cpp
+    compiler: clang
+    env: COMPILER="clang++-4.0" CXX_STANDARD=11
+    addons:
+      apt:
+        sources:
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test'
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:mhier/libboost-latest'
+        - llvm-toolchain-trusty-4.0
+        packages:
+        - g++-8
+        - clang-4.0
+        - boost1.70
+  - os: linux
+    language: cpp
+    compiler: clang
+    env: COMPILER="clang++-5.0" CXX_STANDARD=11
+    addons:
+      apt:
+        sources:
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test'
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:mhier/libboost-latest'
+        - llvm-toolchain-trusty-5.0
+        packages:
+        - g++-8
+        - clang-5.0
+        - boost1.70
+  - os: linux
+    language: cpp
+    compiler: clang
+    env: COMPILER="clang++-6.0" CXX_STANDARD=11
+    addons:
+      apt:
+        sources:
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test'
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:mhier/libboost-latest'
+        - llvm-toolchain-trusty-6.0
+        packages:
+        - g++-8
+        - clang-6.0
+        - boost1.70
+  - os: linux
+    language: cpp
+    compiler: clang
+    env: COMPILER="clang++-7" CXX_STANDARD=11
+    addons:
+      apt:
+        sources:
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test'
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:mhier/libboost-latest'
+        - llvm-toolchain-trusty-7
+        packages:
+        - g++-8
+        - clang-7
+        - boost1.70
+  - os: linux
+    language: cpp
+    compiler: clang
+    env: COMPILER="clang++-8" CXX_STANDARD=11
+    addons:
+      apt:
+        sources:
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test'
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:mhier/libboost-latest'
+        - llvm-toolchain-trusty-8
+        packages:
+        - g++-8
+        - clang-8
+        - boost1.70
+  - os: linux
+    language: cpp
+    compiler: clang
+    env: COMPILER="clang++-8" CXX_STANDARD=11 TOML_HEAD=ON
+    addons:
+      apt:
+        sources:
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test'
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:mhier/libboost-latest'
+        - llvm-toolchain-trusty-8
+        packages:
+        - g++-8
+        - clang-8
+        - boost1.70
+  - os: linux
+    language: cpp
+    compiler: clang
+    env: COMPILER="clang++-8" CXX_STANDARD=14
+    addons:
+      apt:
+        sources:
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test'
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:mhier/libboost-latest'
+        - llvm-toolchain-trusty-8
+        packages:
+        - clang-8
+        - g++-8
+        - boost1.70
+  - os: linux
+    language: cpp
+    compiler: clang
+    env: COMPILER="clang++-8" CXX_STANDARD=17
+    addons:
+      apt:
+        sources:
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test'
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:mhier/libboost-latest'
+        - llvm-toolchain-trusty-8
+        packages:
+        - clang-8
+        - g++-8
+        - boost1.70
+  - os: linux
+    language: cpp
+    compiler: clang
+    env: COMPILER="clang++-8" CXX_STANDARD=17 TOML_HEAD=ON
+    addons:
+      apt:
+        sources:
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test'
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:mhier/libboost-latest'
+        - llvm-toolchain-trusty-8
+        packages:
+        - clang-8
+        - g++-8
+        - boost1.70
+  - os: linux
+    language: cpp
+    compiler: clang
+    env: COMPILER="clang++-8" CXX_STANDARD=11 WITH_ASAN=ON
+    addons:
+      apt:
+        sources:
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test'
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:mhier/libboost-latest'
+        - llvm-toolchain-trusty-8
+        packages:
+        - clang-8
+        - g++-8
+        - boost1.70
+  - os: linux
+    language: cpp
+    compiler: clang
+    env: COMPILER="clang++-8" CXX_STANDARD=11 WITH_UBSAN=ON
+    addons:
+      apt:
+        sources:
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test'
+        - sourceline: 'ppa:mhier/libboost-latest'
+        - llvm-toolchain-trusty-8
+        packages:
+        - clang-8
+        - g++-8
+        - boost1.70
   - os: osx
     language: cpp
     compiler: clang
 
 script:
+- |
+  if [[ "${TRAVIS_OS_NAME}" == "linux" ]]; then
+    mkdir -p cmake
+    travis_retry wget "https://github.com/Kitware/CMake/releases/download/v3.14.5/cmake-3.14.5-Linux-x86_64.tar.gz"
+    tar xf cmake-3.14.5-Linux-x86_64.tar.gz -C cmake --strip-components=1
+    export PATH=${TRAVIS_BUILD_DIR}/cmake/bin:${PATH}
+  fi
+- |
+  if [[ "${CXX_STANDARD}" == "" ]]; then
+      export CXX_STANDARD="11"
+  fi
+- |
+  if [[ "${TOML_HEAD}" != "ON" ]]; then
+    export TOML_HEAD="OFF"
+  fi
+- echo "TOML_HEAD = ${TOML_HEAD}"
+- |
+  if [[ "${WITH_ASAN}" != "ON" ]]; then
+    export WITH_ASAN="OFF"
+  fi
+- echo "WITH_ASAN = ${WITH_ASAN}"
+- |
+  if [[ "${WITH_UBSAN}" != "ON" ]]; then
+    export WITH_UBSAN="OFF"
+  fi
+- echo "WITH_UBSAN = ${WITH_UBSAN}"
+- cmake --version
 - mkdir build
 - cd build
-- git clone https://github.com/toml-lang/toml.git
-- cmake -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=$COMPILER ..
+- echo "COMPILER     = ${COMPILER}"
+- echo "CXX_STANDARD = ${CXX_STANDARD}"
+- cmake -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=$COMPILER -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=$CXX_STANDARD -DTOML11_USE_UNRELEASED_TOML_FEATURES=${TOML_HEAD} -Dtoml11_TEST_WITH_ASAN=${WITH_ASAN} -Dtoml11_TEST_WITH_UBSAN=${WITH_UBSAN} ..
 - make
 - ctest --output-on-failure

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,11 +1,17 @@
-cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8)
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.1)
 enable_testing()
-project(toml11)
+
+project(toml11 VERSION 3.5.0)
+
+option(toml11_BUILD_TEST "Build toml tests" ON)
+option(toml11_TEST_WITH_ASAN  "use LLVM address sanitizer" OFF)
+option(toml11_TEST_WITH_UBSAN "use LLVM undefined behavior sanitizer" OFF)
 
 include(CheckCXXCompilerFlag)
 if("${CMAKE_VERSION}" VERSION_GREATER 3.1)
-    set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)
-    set(CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
+    set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11 CACHE STRING "The C++ standard whose features are requested to build all targets.")
+    set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON CACHE BOOL "Boolean describing whether the value of CXX_STANDARD is a requirement.")
+    set(CMAKE_CXX_EXTENSIONS OFF CACHE BOOL "Boolean specifying whether compiler specific extensions are requested.")
 else()
     # Manually check for C++11 compiler flag.
     CHECK_CXX_COMPILER_FLAG("-std=c++11" COMPILER_SUPPORTS_CXX11)
@@ -31,5 +37,62 @@ else()
     endif()
 endif()
 
-include_directories(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR})
-add_subdirectory(tests)
+# Set some common directories
+include(GNUInstallDirs)
+set(toml11_install_cmake_dir         ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}/cmake/toml11)
+set(toml11_install_include_dir       ${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR})
+set(toml11_config_dir                ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/cmake/)
+set(toml11_config                    ${toml11_config_dir}/toml11Config.cmake)
+set(toml11_config_version            ${toml11_config_dir}/toml11ConfigVersion.cmake)
+
+add_library(toml11 INTERFACE)
+target_include_directories(toml11 INTERFACE
+    $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}>
+    $<INSTALL_INTERFACE:${toml11_install_include_dir}>
+)
+add_library(toml11::toml11 ALIAS toml11)
+
+# Write config and version config files
+include(CMakePackageConfigHelpers)
+write_basic_package_version_file(
+    ${toml11_config_version}
+    VERSION ${toml11_VERSION}
+    COMPATIBILITY SameMajorVersion
+)
+
+configure_package_config_file(
+    cmake/toml11Config.cmake.in
+    ${toml11_config}
+    INSTALL_DESTINATION ${toml11_install_cmake_dir}
+    PATH_VARS toml11_install_cmake_dir
+)
+
+# Install config files
+install(FILES ${toml11_config} ${toml11_config_version}
+    DESTINATION ${toml11_install_cmake_dir}
+)
+
+# Install header files
+install(
+    FILES toml.hpp
+    DESTINATION "${toml11_install_include_dir}"
+)
+install(
+    DIRECTORY "toml"
+    DESTINATION "${toml11_install_include_dir}"
+    FILES_MATCHING PATTERN "*.hpp"
+)
+
+# Export targets and install them
+install(TARGETS toml11
+    EXPORT toml11Targets
+)
+install(EXPORT toml11Targets
+    FILE toml11Targets.cmake
+    DESTINATION ${toml11_install_cmake_dir}
+    NAMESPACE toml11::
+)
+
+if (toml11_BUILD_TEST)
+    add_subdirectory(tests)
+endif ()

PROPOSAL.md

@@ -1,59 +0,0 @@
-
-### encoding user's data
-
-You can encode your data to toml format.
-
-```cpp
-const toml::value integer(1);
-const toml::value array{3.1, 3.14, 3.141, 3.1415};
-const toml::value table{{"answer", 42}, {"pi", 3.14}, {"string", "foobar"}};
-
-std::cout << toml::format("integer", integer) << std::endl;
-std::cout << toml::format("array",   array)   << std::endl;
-std::cout << toml::format("table",   table)   << std::endl;
-```
-
-this program will output as below.
-
-```toml
-integer = 1
-array = [3.1, 3.14, 3.141, 3.1415]
-[table]
-answer = 42
-pi = 3.14
-string = "foobar"
-```
-
-Without key name, you can make string formatted as toml.
-
-```cpp
-const std::string integer_ = toml::format(integer); // "1"
-const std::string array_   = toml::format(array);   // "[3.1, 3.14, 3.141, 3.1415]"
-const std::string table_   = toml::format(table);   // "answer = 42\npi=3.14\nstring=foobar"
-```
-
-### inlinize
-
-You can make `toml::Table` inline.
-
-```cpp
-const toml::value table{{"answer", 42}, {"pi", 3.14}, {"string", "foobar"}};
-// if the inline-table format length is less than 80, the table will be inlined
-std::cout << toml::format("table", table, toml::make_inline(80)) << std::endl;
-// In any case, the table will be inlined.
-std::cout << toml::format("table", table, toml::forceinline) << std::endl;
-```
-
-```toml
-table = {answer = 42, pi = 3.14, string = "foobar"}
-```
-
-And there are some stream manipulators for toml format.
-
-```cpp
-const toml::value table{{"answer", 42}, {"pi", 3.14}, {"string", "foobar"}};
-// if the inline-table format length is less than 80, the table will be inlined
-std::cout << toml::make_inline(80) << table << std::endl;
-// In any case, the table will be inlined.
-std::cout << toml::forceinline << table << std::endl;
-```

appveyor.yml

@@ -17,10 +17,9 @@ build_script:
   - cd C:\toml11
   - mkdir build
   - cd build
-  - git clone https://github.com/toml-lang/toml.git
-  - file --mime-encoding toml/tests/hard_example_unicode.toml
-  - cmake -G"%generator%" -DBOOST_ROOT=C:/Libraries/boost_1_63_0 ..
+  - cmake -G"%generator%" -DBOOST_ROOT=C:/Libraries/boost_1_69_0 ..
   - cmake --build . --config "%configuration%"
+  - file --mime-encoding tests/toml/tests/hard_example_unicode.toml
 
 test_script:
   - ctest --build-config "%configuration%" --timeout 300 --output-on-failure

cmake/toml11Config.cmake.in

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+@PACKAGE_INIT@
+include("@PACKAGE_toml11_install_cmake_dir@/toml11Targets.cmake")

tests/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,29 +1,112 @@
+include(ExternalProject)
+ExternalProject_Add(toml
+        SOURCE_DIR ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/toml
+        GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/toml-lang/toml
+        GIT_TAG v0.5.0
+        CONFIGURE_COMMAND ""
+        BUILD_COMMAND ""
+        INSTALL_COMMAND "")
+
 set(TEST_NAMES
-    test_traits
+    test_datetime
+    test_string
     test_utility
+    test_result
+    test_traits
     test_value
-    test_to_toml
-    test_from_toml
+    test_lex_boolean
+    test_lex_integer
+    test_lex_floating
+    test_lex_datetime
+    test_lex_string
+    test_lex_key_comment
+    test_parse_boolean
+    test_parse_integer
+    test_parse_floating
+    test_parse_string
+    test_parse_datetime
+    test_parse_array
+    test_parse_table
+    test_parse_inline_table
+    test_parse_key
+    test_parse_table_key
+    test_literals
+    test_comments
     test_get
     test_get_or
-    test_value_operator
-    test_datetime
-    test_acceptor
-    test_parser
+    test_find
+    test_find_or
+    test_expect
     test_parse_file
+    test_serialize_file
     test_parse_unicode
-    )
+    test_error_detection
+    test_format_error
+    test_extended_conversions
+)
 
-CHECK_CXX_COMPILER_FLAG("-Wall" COMPILER_SUPPORTS_WALL)
+CHECK_CXX_COMPILER_FLAG("-Wall"      COMPILER_SUPPORTS_WALL)
+CHECK_CXX_COMPILER_FLAG("-Wextra"    COMPILER_SUPPORTS_WEXTRA)
 CHECK_CXX_COMPILER_FLAG("-Wpedantic" COMPILER_SUPPORTS_WPEDANTIC)
+CHECK_CXX_COMPILER_FLAG("-Werror"    COMPILER_SUPPORTS_WERROR)
+
+CHECK_CXX_COMPILER_FLAG("-Wsign-conversion"     COMPILER_SUPPORTS_WSIGN_CONVERSION)
+CHECK_CXX_COMPILER_FLAG("-Wconversion"          COMPILER_SUPPORTS_WCONVERSION)
+CHECK_CXX_COMPILER_FLAG("-Wduplicated-cond"     COMPILER_SUPPORTS_WDUPLICATED_COND)
+CHECK_CXX_COMPILER_FLAG("-Wduplicated-branches" COMPILER_SUPPORTS_WDUPLICATED_BRANCHES)
+CHECK_CXX_COMPILER_FLAG("-Wlogical-op"          COMPILER_SUPPORTS_WLOGICAL_OP)
+CHECK_CXX_COMPILER_FLAG("-Wuseless-cast"        COMPILER_SUPPORTS_WUSELESS_CAST)
+CHECK_CXX_COMPILER_FLAG("-Wdouble-promotion"    COMPILER_SUPPORTS_WDOUBLE_PROMOTION)
+CHECK_CXX_COMPILER_FLAG("-Wrange-loop-analysis" COMPILER_SUPPORTS_WRANGE_LOOP_ANALYSIS)
+CHECK_CXX_COMPILER_FLAG("-Wundef"               COMPILER_SUPPORTS_WUNDEF)
 
 if(COMPILER_SUPPORTS_WALL)
     set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Wall")
 endif()
-
+if(COMPILER_SUPPORTS_WEXTRA)
+    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Wextra")
+endif()
 if(COMPILER_SUPPORTS_WPEDANTIC)
     set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Wpedantic")
 endif()
+if(COMPILER_SUPPORTS_WERROR)
+    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Werror")
+endif()
+if(COMPILER_SUPPORTS_WSIGN_CONVERSION)
+    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Wsign-conversion")
+endif()
+if(COMPILER_SUPPORTS_WCONVERSION)
+    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Wconversion")
+endif()
+if(COMPILER_SUPPORTS_WDUPLICATED_COND)
+    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Wduplicated-cond")
+endif()
+if(COMPILER_SUPPORTS_WDUPLICATED_BRANCHES)
+    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Wduplicated-branches")
+endif()
+if(COMPILER_SUPPORTS_WLOGICAL_OP)
+    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Wlogical-op")
+endif()
+if(COMPILER_SUPPORTS_WUSELESS_CAST)
+    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Wuseless-cast")
+endif()
+if(COMPILER_SUPPORTS_WDOUBLE_PROMOTION)
+    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Wdouble-promotion")
+endif()
+if(COMPILER_SUPPORTS_WRANGE_LOOP_ANALYSIS)
+    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Wrange-loop-analysis")
+endif()
+if(COMPILER_SUPPORTS_WUNDEF)
+    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Wundef")
+endif()
+
+option(TOML11_USE_UNRELEASED_TOML_FEATURES
+    "use features in toml-lang/toml master while testing" OFF)
+
+if(TOML11_USE_UNRELEASED_TOML_FEATURES)
+    message(STATUS "adding TOML11_USE_UNRELEASED_TOML_FEATURES flag")
+    add_definitions("-DTOML11_USE_UNRELEASED_TOML_FEATURES")
+endif()
 
 # Disable some MSVC warnings
 if(MSVC)
@@ -69,9 +152,22 @@ add_definitions(-DUNITTEST_FRAMEWORK_LIBRARY_EXIST)
 
 foreach(TEST_NAME ${TEST_NAMES})
     add_executable(${TEST_NAME} ${TEST_NAME}.cpp)
-    target_link_libraries(${TEST_NAME} ${Boost_UNIT_TEST_FRAMEWORK_LIBRARY})
+    target_link_libraries(${TEST_NAME} ${Boost_UNIT_TEST_FRAMEWORK_LIBRARY} toml11::toml11)
     target_include_directories(${TEST_NAME} PRIVATE ${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS})
-    add_test(NAME ${TEST_NAME} COMMAND ${TEST_NAME} WORKING_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR})
+
+    if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "Clang")
+        if(toml11_TEST_WITH_ASAN)
+            set_target_properties(${TEST_NAME} PROPERTIES
+                COMPILE_FLAGS "-fsanitize=address -fno-omit-frame-pointer"
+                LINK_FLAGS    "-fsanitize=address -fno-omit-frame-pointer")
+        elseif(toml11_TEST_WITH_UBSAN)
+            set_target_properties(${TEST_NAME} PROPERTIES
+                COMPILE_FLAGS "-fsanitize=undefined"
+                LINK_FLAGS    "-fsanitize=undefined")
+        endif()
+    endif()
+
+    add_test(NAME ${TEST_NAME} COMMAND ${TEST_NAME} WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR})
 
     # Set the PATH to be able to find Boost DLL
     if(WIN32)
@@ -81,3 +177,15 @@ foreach(TEST_NAME ${TEST_NAMES})
         )
     endif()
 endforeach(TEST_NAME)
+
+# this test is to check it compiles. it will not run
+add_executable(test_multiple_translation_unit
+               test_multiple_translation_unit_1.cpp
+               test_multiple_translation_unit_2.cpp)
+target_link_libraries(test_multiple_translation_unit toml11::toml11)
+
+if(WIN32)
+    add_executable(test_windows test_windows.cpp)
+    target_link_libraries(test_windows toml11::toml11)
+endif()
+

tests/check.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#include "toml.hpp"
+#include <iostream>
+#include <iomanip>
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+    if(argc != 3)
+    {
+        std::cerr << "usage: ./check [filename] [valid|invalid]" << std::endl;
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    const std::string file_kind(argv[2]);
+
+    try
+    {
+        const auto data = toml::parse(argv[1]);
+        std::cout << std::setprecision(16) << std::setw(80) << data;
+        if(file_kind == "valid")
+        {
+            return 0;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            return 1;
+        }
+    }
+    catch(const toml::syntax_error& err)
+    {
+        std::cout << "what(): " << err.what() << std::endl;
+        if(file_kind == "invalid")
+        {
+            return 0;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            return 1;
+        }
+    }
+    return 127;
+}

tests/check_serialization.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+#include "toml.hpp"
+#include <iostream>
+#include <iomanip>
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+    if(argc != 2)
+    {
+        std::cerr << "usage: ./check [filename]" << std::endl;
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    const std::string filename(argv[1]);
+
+    {
+        const auto data = toml::parse(filename);
+        {
+            std::ofstream ofs("tmp.toml");
+            ofs << std::setprecision(16) << std::setw(80) << data;
+        }
+        const auto serialized = toml::parse("tmp.toml");
+
+        if(data != serialized)
+        {
+            std::cerr << "============================================================\n";
+            std::cerr << "result (w/o comment) different: " << filename << std::endl;
+            std::cerr << "------------------------------------------------------------\n";
+            std::cerr << "# serialized\n";
+            std::cerr << serialized;
+            std::cerr << "------------------------------------------------------------\n";
+            std::cerr << "# data\n";
+            std::cerr << data;
+            return 1;
+        }
+    }
+    {
+        const auto data = toml::parse<toml::preserve_comments>(filename);
+        {
+            std::ofstream ofs("tmp.toml");
+            ofs << std::setprecision(16) << std::setw(80) << data;
+        }
+        const auto serialized = toml::parse<toml::preserve_comments>("tmp.toml");
+        if(data != serialized)
+        {
+            std::cerr << "============================================================\n";
+            std::cerr << "result (w/  comment) different: " << filename << std::endl;
+            std::cerr << "------------------------------------------------------------\n";
+            std::cerr << "# serialized\n";
+            std::cerr << serialized;
+            std::cerr << "------------------------------------------------------------\n";
+            std::cerr << "# data\n";
+            std::cerr << data;
+            return 1;
+        }
+    }
+    return 0;
+}

tests/check_toml_test.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+#include "toml.hpp"
+#include <iostream>
+#include <iomanip>
+
+struct json_serializer
+{
+    void operator()(toml::boolean v)
+    {
+        std::cout << "{\"type\":\"bool\",\"value\":\"" << toml::value(v) << "\"}";
+        return ;
+    }
+    void operator()(toml::integer v)
+    {
+        std::cout << "{\"type\":\"integer\",\"value\":\"" << toml::value(v) << "\"}";
+        return ;
+    }
+    void operator()(toml::floating v)
+    {
+        std::cout << "{\"type\":\"float\",\"value\":\"" << toml::value(v) << "\"}";
+        return ;
+    }
+    void operator()(const toml::string& v)
+    {
+        // since toml11 automatically convert string to multiline string that is
+        // valid only in TOML, we need to format the string to make it valid in
+        // JSON.
+        std::cout << "{\"type\":\"string\",\"value\":\""
+                  << this->escape_string(v.str) << "\"}";
+        return ;
+    }
+    void operator()(const toml::local_time& v)
+    {
+        std::cout << "{\"type\":\"local_time\",\"value\":\"" << toml::value(v) << "\"}";
+        return ;
+    }
+    void operator()(const toml::local_date& v)
+    {
+        std::cout << "{\"type\":\"local_date\",\"value\":\"" << toml::value(v) << "\"}";
+        return ;
+    }
+    void operator()(const toml::local_datetime& v)
+    {
+        std::cout << "{\"type\":\"local_datetime\",\"value\":\"" << toml::value(v) << "\"}";
+        return ;
+    }
+    void operator()(const toml::offset_datetime& v)
+    {
+        std::cout << "{\"type\":\"datetime\",\"value\":\"" << toml::value(v) << "\"}";
+        return ;
+    }
+    void operator()(const toml::array& v)
+    {
+        if(!v.empty() && v.front().is_table())
+        {
+            std::cout << '[';
+            bool is_first = true;
+            for(const auto& elem : v)
+            {
+                if(!is_first) {std::cout << ", ";}
+                is_first = false;
+                toml::visit(*this, elem);
+            }
+            std::cout << ']';
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            std::cout << "{\"type\":\"array\",\"value\":[";
+            bool is_first = true;
+            for(const auto& elem : v)
+            {
+                if(!is_first) {std::cout << ", ";}
+                is_first = false;
+                toml::visit(*this, elem);
+            }
+            std::cout << "]}";
+        }
+        return ;
+    }
+    void operator()(const toml::table& v)
+    {
+        std::cout << '{';
+        bool is_first = true;
+        for(const auto& elem : v)
+        {
+            if(!is_first) {std::cout << ", ";}
+            is_first = false;
+            std::cout << this->format_key(elem.first) << ':';
+            toml::visit(*this, elem.second);
+        }
+        std::cout << '}';
+        return ;
+    }
+
+    std::string escape_string(const std::string& s) const
+    {
+        std::string retval;
+        for(const char c : s)
+        {
+            switch(c)
+            {
+                case '\\': {retval += "\\\\"; break;}
+                case '\"': {retval += "\\\""; break;}
+                case '\b': {retval += "\\b";  break;}
+                case '\t': {retval += "\\t";  break;}
+                case '\f': {retval += "\\f";  break;}
+                case '\n': {retval += "\\n";  break;}
+                case '\r': {retval += "\\r";  break;}
+                default  : {retval += c;      break;}
+            }
+        }
+        return retval;
+    }
+
+    std::string format_key(const std::string& s) const
+    {
+        const auto quote("\"");
+        return quote + escape_string(s) + quote;
+    }
+};
+
+int main()
+{
+    try
+    {
+        std::vector<char> buf;
+        std::cin.peek();
+        while(!std::cin.eof())
+        {
+            buf.push_back(std::cin.get());
+            std::cin.peek();
+        }
+        std::string bufstr(buf.begin(), buf.end());
+
+        std::istringstream ss(bufstr);
+
+        const auto data = toml::parse(ss);
+        std::cout << std::setprecision(std::numeric_limits<double>::max_digits10);
+        toml::visit(json_serializer(), data);
+        return 0;
+    }
+    catch(const toml::syntax_error& err)
+    {
+        std::cout << "what(): " << err.what() << std::endl;
+        return 1;
+    }
+}

tests/test_acceptor.cpp

@@ -1,592 +0,0 @@
-#define BOOST_TEST_MODULE "test_acceptor"
-#ifdef UNITTEST_FRAMEWORK_LIBRARY_EXIST
-#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
-#else
-#define BOOST_TEST_NO_LIB
-#include <boost/test/included/unit_test.hpp>
-#endif
-#include <toml/acceptor.hpp>
-#include <locale>
-#include <iostream>
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_conditions)
-{
-    {
-        const std::string tmp(" ");
-        const std::string dummy("dummy");
-        BOOST_CHECK(toml::is_space<char>::invoke(tmp.begin(), tmp.end())     == tmp.end());
-        BOOST_CHECK(toml::is_space<char>::invoke(dummy.begin(), dummy.end()) == dummy.begin());
-    }
-
-    {
-        const std::string tmp("\t");
-        const std::string dummy("dummy");
-        BOOST_CHECK(toml::is_tab<char>::invoke(tmp.begin(), tmp.end())     == tmp.end());
-        BOOST_CHECK(toml::is_tab<char>::invoke(dummy.begin(), dummy.end()) == dummy.begin());
-    }
-
-    {
-        for(int i=0; i<10; ++i)
-        {
-            const std::string tmp = std::to_string(i);
-            const std::string dummy("dummy");
-            BOOST_CHECK(toml::is_number<char>::invoke(tmp.begin(), tmp.end())     == tmp.end());
-            BOOST_CHECK(toml::is_number<char>::invoke(dummy.begin(), dummy.end()) == dummy.begin());
-        }
-    }
-
-    {
-        for(char c='a'; c <= 'z'; ++c)
-        {
-            const std::string tmp(1, c);
-            const std::string dummy(1, std::toupper(c));
-            BOOST_CHECK(toml::is_lowercase<char>::invoke(tmp.begin(), tmp.end())     == tmp.end());
-            BOOST_CHECK(toml::is_lowercase<char>::invoke(dummy.begin(), dummy.end()) == dummy.begin());
-        }
-    }
-    {
-        for(char c='A'; c <= 'Z'; ++c)
-        {
-            const std::string tmp(1, c);
-            const std::string dummy(1, std::tolower(c));
-            BOOST_CHECK(toml::is_uppercase<char>::invoke(tmp.begin(), tmp.end())     == tmp.end());
-            BOOST_CHECK(toml::is_uppercase<char>::invoke(dummy.begin(), dummy.end()) == dummy.begin());
-        }
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string tmp(" ");
-        const std::string dummy("a");
-        BOOST_CHECK(toml::is_whitespace<char>::invoke(tmp.begin(), tmp.end())     == tmp.end());
-        BOOST_CHECK(toml::is_whitespace<char>::invoke(dummy.begin(), dummy.end()) == dummy.begin());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string tmp("\t");
-        const std::string dummy("a");
-        BOOST_CHECK(toml::is_whitespace<char>::invoke(tmp.begin(), tmp.end())     == tmp.end());
-        BOOST_CHECK(toml::is_whitespace<char>::invoke(dummy.begin(), dummy.end()) == dummy.begin());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string tmp("hoge1-piyo2_fuga3");
-        const std::string dummy(" \t");
-        BOOST_CHECK(toml::is_barekey<char>::invoke(tmp.begin(), tmp.end())     != tmp.begin());
-        BOOST_CHECK(toml::is_barekey<char>::invoke(dummy.begin(), dummy.end()) == dummy.begin());
-    }
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_basic_inline_string)
-{
-    using is_valid = toml::is_basic_inline_string<char>;
-    {
-        const std::string simple("\"hoge1-piyo2_fuga3\"");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(simple.cbegin(), simple.cend()) == simple.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string quote("\"hoge1-\\\"piyo2\\\"_fuga3\"");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(quote.cbegin(), quote.cend()) == quote.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string escape("\"I'm a string. \\\"You can quote me\\\". Name\\tJos\\u00E9\\nLocation\\tSF.\"");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(escape.cbegin(), escape.cend()) == escape.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string empty("\"\"");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(empty.cbegin(), empty.cend()) == empty.cend());
-    }
-
-    {
-        const std::string newline("\"newline\r\nhoge\"");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(newline.cbegin(), newline.cend()) == newline.cbegin());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string invalid_escape("\"foo\\abar\"");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(invalid_escape.cbegin(), invalid_escape.cend()) == invalid_escape.cbegin());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string invalid_character("\"foo\10bar\"");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(invalid_character.cbegin(), invalid_character.cend()) == invalid_character.cbegin());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string multi("\"\"\"multiline\"\"\"");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(multi.cbegin(), multi.cend()) == multi.cbegin());
-    }
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_basic_multiline_string)
-{
-    using is_valid = toml::is_basic_multiline_string<char>;
-    {
-        const std::string simple("\"\"\"foobar\"\"\"");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(simple.cbegin(), simple.cend()) == simple.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string quote("\"\"\"hoge1-\"piyo2\"_fuga3\"\"\"");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(quote.cbegin(), quote.cend()) == quote.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string newline("\"\"\"hoge1-\npiyo2_\r\nfuga3\"\"\"");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(newline.cbegin(), newline.cend()) == newline.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string escape("\"\"\"I'm a string. \"You can quote me\". Name\\tJos\\u00E9\\nLocation\\tSF.\"\"\"");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(escape.cbegin(), escape.cend()) == escape.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string empty("\"\"\"\"\"\"");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(empty.cbegin(), empty.cend()) == empty.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string ending_backslash("\"\"\"hoge\\\n   piyo\\\n\"\"\"");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(ending_backslash.cbegin(), ending_backslash.cend()) == ending_backslash.cend());
-    }
-
-    {
-        const std::string invalid_escape("\"\"\"foo\\abar\"\"\"");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(invalid_escape.cbegin(), invalid_escape.cend()) == invalid_escape.cbegin());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string invalid_character("\"\"\"foo\10bar\"\"\"");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(invalid_character.cbegin(), invalid_character.cend()) == invalid_character.cbegin());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string single("\"singleline\"");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(single.cbegin(), single.cend()) == single.cbegin());
-    }
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_literal_inline_string)
-{
-    using is_valid = toml::is_literal_inline_string<char>;
-    {
-        const std::string simple("'foobar'");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(simple.cbegin(), simple.cend()) == simple.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string nonescape("'C:\\Users\\nodejs\\templates'");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(nonescape.cbegin(), nonescape.cend()) == nonescape.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string empty("''");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(empty.cbegin(), empty.cend()) == empty.cend());
-    }
-
-    {
-        const std::string quote("'hoge1-'piyo2'_fuga3'");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(quote.cbegin(), quote.cend()) == quote.cbegin() + 8);
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string newline("'hoge1-\npiyo2_\r\nfuga3'");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(newline.cbegin(), newline.cend()) == newline.cbegin());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string invalid_character("'foo\10bar'");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(invalid_character.cbegin(), invalid_character.cend()) == invalid_character.cbegin());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string multi("'''multiline'''");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(multi.cbegin(), multi.cend()) == multi.cbegin());
-    }
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_literal_multiline_string)
-{
-    using is_valid = toml::is_literal_multiline_string<char>;
-    {
-        const std::string simple("'''foobar'''");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(simple.cbegin(), simple.cend()) == simple.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string quote("'''hoge1-'piyo2'_fuga3'''");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(quote.cbegin(), quote.cend()) == quote.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string nonescape("'''C:\\Users\\nodejs\\templates'''");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(nonescape.cbegin(), nonescape.cend()) == nonescape.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string newline("'''hoge1-\npiyo2_\r\nfuga3'''");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(newline.cbegin(), newline.cend()) == newline.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string empty("''''''");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(empty.cbegin(), empty.cend()) == empty.cend());
-    }
-
-    {
-        const std::string invalid_character("'''foo\10bar'''");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(invalid_character.cbegin(), invalid_character.cend()) == invalid_character.cbegin());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string single("'singleline'");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(single.cbegin(), single.cend()) == single.cbegin());
-    }
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_integer)
-{
-    using is_valid = toml::is_integer<char>;
-    {
-        const std::string simple("1");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(simple.cbegin(), simple.cend()) == simple.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string psign("+1234");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(psign.cbegin(), psign.cend()) == psign.cend());
-        const std::string nsign("-1234");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(nsign.cbegin(), nsign.cend()) == nsign.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string zero("0");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(zero.cbegin(), zero.cend()) == zero.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string us("1_2_3_4_5");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(us.cbegin(), us.cend()) == us.cend());
-    }
-
-    {
-        const std::string f("12.34");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(f.cbegin(), f.cend()) == f.cbegin()+2);
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string f("12e34");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(f.cbegin(), f.cend()) == f.cbegin()+2);
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string ascii("1234a");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(ascii.cbegin(), ascii.cend()) == ascii.cbegin()+4);
-    }
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_float)
-{
-    using is_valid = toml::is_float<char>;
-    {
-        const std::string simplef("1.0");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(simplef.cbegin(), simplef.cend()) == simplef.cend());
-        const std::string simplee("1e0");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(simplee.cbegin(), simplee.cend()) == simplee.cend());
-        const std::string both("6.626e-34");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(both.cbegin(), both.cend()) == both.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string psign("+1.0");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(psign.cbegin(), psign.cend()) == psign.cend());
-        const std::string nsign("-1.0");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(nsign.cbegin(), nsign.cend()) == nsign.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string psmall("+0.001");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(psmall.cbegin(), psmall.cend()) == psmall.cend());
-        const std::string nsmall("-0.001");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(nsmall.cbegin(), nsmall.cend()) == nsmall.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string zero("0.0");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(zero.cbegin(), zero.cend()) == zero.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string us("9_224_617.445_991_228_313");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(us.cbegin(), us.cend()) == us.cend());
-    }
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_boolean)
-{
-    using is_valid = toml::is_boolean<char>;
-    {
-        const std::string t("true");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(t.cbegin(), t.cend()) == t.cend());
-        const std::string f("false");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(f.cbegin(), f.cend()) == f.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string t("True");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(t.cbegin(), t.cend()) == t.cbegin());
-        const std::string f("False");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(f.cbegin(), f.cend()) == f.cbegin());
-    }
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_localtime)
-{
-    using is_valid = toml::is_local_time<char>;
-    {
-        const std::string t("07:32:00");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(t.cbegin(), t.cend()) == t.cend());
-        const std::string tf("07:32:00.0000");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(tf.cbegin(), tf.cend()) == tf.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string d("1907-32-00");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(d.cbegin(), d.cend()) == d.cbegin());
-        const std::string f("1907:32:00");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(f.cbegin(), f.cend()) == f.cbegin());
-    }
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_localdate)
-{
-    using is_valid = toml::is_local_date<char>;
-    {
-        const std::string d("1907-32-00");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(d.cbegin(), d.cend()) == d.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string t("07:32:00");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(t.cbegin(), t.cend()) == t.cbegin());
-        const std::string f("1907:32:00");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(f.cbegin(),f.cend()) == f.cbegin());
-    }
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_localdatetime)
-{
-    using is_valid = toml::is_local_date_time<char>;
-    {
-        const std::string dt("1907-32-00T07:32:00");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(dt.cbegin(), dt.cend()) == dt.cend());
-        const std::string dtf("1907-32-00T07:32:00.0000");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(dtf.cbegin(), dtf.cend()) == dtf.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string d("1907-32-00");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(d.cbegin(), d.cend()) == d.cbegin());
-        const std::string t("07:32:00");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(t.cbegin(), t.cend()) == t.cbegin());
-        const std::string f("1907-32-00 07:32:00");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(f.cbegin(), f.cend()) == f.cbegin());
-    }
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_offsetdatetime)
-{
-    using is_valid = toml::is_offset_date_time<char>;
-    {
-        const std::string dtZ("1907-32-00T07:32:00Z");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(dtZ.cbegin(), dtZ.cend()) == dtZ.cend());
-        const std::string dtfZ("1907-32-00T07:32:00.0000Z");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(dtfZ.cbegin(), dtfZ.cend()) == dtfZ.cend());
-        const std::string dtp("1907-32-00T07:32:00+12:34");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(dtp.cbegin(), dtp.cend()) == dtp.cend());
-        const std::string dtfp("1907-32-00T07:32:00.0000+12:34");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(dtfp.cbegin(), dtfp.cend()) == dtfp.cend());
-        const std::string dtn("1907-32-00T07:32:00-12:34");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(dtn.cbegin(), dtn.cend()) == dtn.cend());
-        const std::string dtfn("1907-32-00T07:32:00.0000-12:34");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(dtfn.cbegin(), dtfn.cend()) == dtfn.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string d("1907-32-00");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(d.cbegin(), d.cend()) == d.cbegin());
-        const std::string t("07:32:00");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(t.cbegin(), t.cend()) == t.cbegin());
-        const std::string l("1907-32-00T07:32:00");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(l.cbegin(), l.cend()) == l.cbegin());
-    }
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_array)
-{
-    using is_valid = toml::is_array<char>;
-    {
-        const std::string arr0("[]");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(arr0.cbegin(), arr0.cend()) == arr0.cend());
-        const std::string arr1("[1,2,3]");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(arr1.cbegin(), arr1.cend()) == arr1.cend());
-        const std::string arr2("[ 1,2,3 ]");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(arr2.cbegin(), arr2.cend()) == arr2.cend());
-        const std::string arr3("[ 1, 2, 3 ]");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(arr3.cbegin(), arr3.cend()) == arr3.cend());
-        const std::string arr4("[ 1, 2, 3, ]");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(arr4.cbegin(), arr4.cend()) == arr4.cend());
-        const std::string arr5("[ 1, 2, 3,]");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(arr5.cbegin(), arr5.cend()) == arr5.cend());
-        const std::string arr6("[ 1 , 2 , 3 ,]");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(arr6.cbegin(), arr6.cend()) == arr6.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string arr1("[\"red\", \"yellow\", \"green\"]");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(arr1.cbegin(), arr1.cend()) == arr1.cend());
-        const std::string arr2("[\"]\", \"#\", \"  \"]");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(arr2.cbegin(), arr2.cend()) == arr2.cend());
-        const std::string arr3("[[1, 2, 3], ['a', 'b', 'c']]");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(arr3.cbegin(), arr3.cend()) == arr3.cend());
-        const std::string arr4("[{hoge = 1}, {piyo = 'a'}, {fuga = [1,2,3]}]");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(arr4.cbegin(), arr4.cend()) == arr4.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string arr1("[1,\n2,#comment\n3]");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(arr1.cbegin(), arr1.cend()) == arr1.cend());
-        const std::string arr2("[#c\n1,\n2,#comment\r\n3]");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(arr2.cbegin(), arr2.cend()) == arr2.cend());
-    }
-
-    {
-        const std::string invalid("[1, 3.14, 'string']");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(invalid.cbegin(), invalid.cend()) == invalid.cbegin());
-        const std::string valid("[[1,2,3], [3.14, 2.71, 1.414], ['foo', 'bar']]");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(valid.cbegin(), valid.cend()) == valid.cend());
-    }
-
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_inline_table)
-{
-    using is_valid = toml::is_inline_table<char>;
-    {
-        const std::string tab0("{}");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(tab0.cbegin(), tab0.cend()) == tab0.cend());
-        const std::string tab1("{hoge=1,piyo=2,fuga=3}");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(tab1.cbegin(), tab1.cend()) == tab1.cend());
-        const std::string tab2("{hoge=1, piyo=2, fuga=3}");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(tab2.cbegin(), tab2.cend()) == tab2.cend());
-        const std::string tab3("{ hoge=1, piyo=2, fuga=3 }");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(tab3.cbegin(), tab3.cend()) == tab3.cend());
-        const std::string tab4("{ hoge = 1, piyo = 2, fuga = 3 }");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(tab4.cbegin(), tab4.cend()) == tab4.cend());
-        const std::string tab5("{hoge = 1, piyo = 2, fuga = 3}");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(tab5.cbegin(), tab5.cend()) == tab5.cend());
-        const std::string tab6("{hoge = 1, piyo = 2, fuga = 3,}");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(tab6.cbegin(), tab6.cend()) == tab6.cend());
-        const std::string tab7("{hoge = 1, piyo = 2, fuga = 3, }");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(tab7.cbegin(), tab7.cend()) == tab7.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string tab0("{hoge = 1, piyo = 2.0}");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(tab0.cbegin(), tab0.cend()) == tab0.cend());
-        const std::string tab1("{hoge = [1,2,3], piyo = {fuga = {}}}");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(tab1.cbegin(), tab1.cend()) == tab1.cend());
-        const std::string tab2("{hoge = \"}\", piyo = \"#\"}");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(tab2.cbegin(), tab2.cend()) == tab2.cend());
-        const std::string tab3("{b=true, i=1, f=2.0, d=1907-03-02T07:32:00, s='str', a=[1,2,3], t={foo=1}}");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(tab3.cbegin(), tab3.cend()) == tab3.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string tab0("{hoge = \"}\",\n piyo = \"#\"}");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(tab0.cbegin(), tab0.cend()) == tab0.cbegin());
-    }
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_table_definition)
-{
-    using is_valid = toml::is_table_definition<char>;
-    {
-        const std::string simple("[hoge]");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(simple.cbegin(), simple.cend()) == simple.cend());
-        const std::string dotted("[hoge.piyo.fuga]");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(dotted.cbegin(), dotted.cend()) == dotted.cend());
-        const std::string spaced_dotted("[hoge . piyo .fuga. foo]");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(spaced_dotted.cbegin(), spaced_dotted.cend()) == spaced_dotted.cend());
-        const std::string quoted("[\"hoge\"]");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(quoted.cbegin(), quoted.cend()) == quoted.cend());
-        const std::string quoted_dot("[\"hoge\".'piyo'.fuga]");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(quoted_dot.cbegin(), quoted_dot.cend()) == quoted_dot.cend());
-    }
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_array_of_table_definition)
-{
-    using is_valid = toml::is_array_of_table_definition<char>;
-    {
-        const std::string simple("[[hoge]]");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(simple.cbegin(), simple.cend()) == simple.cend());
-        const std::string dotted("[[hoge.piyo.fuga]]");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(dotted.cbegin(), dotted.cend()) == dotted.cend());
-        const std::string spaced_dotted("[[hoge . piyo .fuga. foo]]");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(spaced_dotted.cbegin(), spaced_dotted.cend()) == spaced_dotted.cend());
-        const std::string quoted("[[\"hoge\"]]");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(quoted.cbegin(), quoted.cend()) == quoted.cend());
-        const std::string quoted_dot("[[\"hoge\".'piyo'.fuga]]");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(quoted_dot.cbegin(), quoted_dot.cend()) == quoted_dot.cend());
-    }
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_key)
-{
-    using is_valid = toml::is_key<char>;
-    {
-        const std::string simple("foobar");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(simple.cbegin(), simple.cend()) == simple.cend());
-        const std::string quoted("\"foo#bar.baz\\n\"");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(quoted.cbegin(), quoted.cend()) == quoted.cend());
-    }
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_value)
-{
-    using is_valid = toml::is_value<char>;
-    {
-        const std::string boolean("true");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(boolean.cbegin(), boolean.cend()) == boolean.cend());
-        const std::string integer("-42");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(integer.cbegin(), integer.cend()) == integer.cend());
-        const std::string floating("-42e0");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(floating.cbegin(), floating.cend()) == floating.cend());
-        const std::string string("\"string\"");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(string.cbegin(), string.cend()) == string.cend());
-        const std::string datetime("1901-01-01T00:00:00");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(datetime.cbegin(), datetime.cend()) == datetime.cend());
-        const std::string array("[1,2,3]");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(array.cbegin(), array.cend()) == array.cend());
-        const std::string table("{foo=1,bar=2.0,baz='3'}");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(table.cbegin(), table.cend()) == table.cend());
-    }
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_key_value_pair)
-{
-    using is_valid = toml::is_key_value_pair<char>;
-    {
-        const std::string kv("key=1");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(kv.cbegin(), kv.cend()) == kv.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string kv("key = 1");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(kv.cbegin(), kv.cend()) == kv.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string kv("    key = 1");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(kv.cbegin(), kv.cend()) == kv.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string kv("    key = 1   ");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(kv.cbegin(), kv.cend()) == kv.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string boolean("key = true");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(boolean.cbegin(), boolean.cend()) == boolean.cend());
-        const std::string integer("key = -42");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(integer.cbegin(), integer.cend()) == integer.cend());
-        const std::string floating("key = -42.0");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(floating.cbegin(), floating.cend()) == floating.cend());
-        const std::string string("key = \"string\"");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(string.cbegin(), string.cend()) == string.cend());
-        const std::string datetime("key = 1901-01-01T00:00:00");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(datetime.cbegin(), datetime.cend()) == datetime.cend());
-        const std::string array("key = [1,2,3]");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(array.cbegin(), array.cend()) == array.cend());
-        const std::string table("key = {foo=1,bar=2.0,baz='3'}");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(table.cbegin(), table.cend()) == table.cend());
-    }
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_empty_line)
-{
-    using is_valid = toml::is_empty_line<char>;
-    {
-        const std::string empty("\n");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(empty.cbegin(), empty.cend()) == empty.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string empty("    \n");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(empty.cbegin(), empty.cend()) == empty.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string empty("#comment\n");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(empty.cbegin(), empty.cend()) == empty.cend());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string empty("    #comment\n");
-        BOOST_CHECK(is_valid::invoke(empty.cbegin(), empty.cend()) == empty.cend());
-    }
-}

tests/test_comments.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,514 @@
+#define BOOST_TEST_MODULE "test_comments"
+#ifdef UNITTEST_FRAMEWORK_LIBRARY_EXIST
+#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
+#else
+#define BOOST_TEST_NO_LIB
+#include <boost/test/included/unit_test.hpp>
+#endif
+
+#include <toml.hpp>
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_comment_before)
+{
+    {
+        const std::string file = u8R"(
+            # comment for a.
+            a = 42
+            # comment for b.
+            b = "baz"
+        )";
+        std::istringstream iss(file);
+        const auto v = toml::parse<toml::preserve_comments>(iss);
+
+        const auto& a = toml::find(v, "a");
+        const auto& b = toml::find(v, "b");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(a.comments().size()  == 1u);
+        BOOST_TEST(a.comments().front() == u8" comment for a.");
+        BOOST_TEST(b.comments().size()  == 1u);
+        BOOST_TEST(b.comments().front() == u8" comment for b.");
+    }
+    {
+        const std::string file = u8R"(
+            # comment for a.
+            # another comment for a.
+            a = 42
+            # comment for b.
+            # also comment for b.
+            b = "baz"
+        )";
+
+        std::istringstream iss(file);
+        const auto v = toml::parse<toml::preserve_comments>(iss);
+
+        const auto& a = toml::find(v, "a");
+        const auto& b = toml::find(v, "b");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(a.comments().size()  == 2u);
+        BOOST_TEST(a.comments().front() == u8" comment for a.");
+        BOOST_TEST(a.comments().back()  == u8" another comment for a.");
+        BOOST_TEST(b.comments().size()  == 2u);
+        BOOST_TEST(b.comments().front() == u8" comment for b.");
+        BOOST_TEST(b.comments().back()  == u8" also comment for b.");
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_comment_inline)
+{
+    {
+        const std::string file = u8R"(
+            a = 42    # comment for a.
+            b = "baz" # comment for b.
+        )";
+
+        std::istringstream iss(file);
+        const auto v = toml::parse<toml::preserve_comments>(iss);
+
+        const auto& a = toml::find(v, "a");
+        const auto& b = toml::find(v, "b");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(a.comments().size()  == 1u);
+        BOOST_TEST(a.comments().front() == u8" comment for a.");
+        BOOST_TEST(b.comments().size()  == 1u);
+        BOOST_TEST(b.comments().front() == u8" comment for b.");
+    }
+    {
+        const std::string file = u8R"(
+            a = [
+                42,
+            ] # comment for a.
+            b = [
+                "bar", # this is not a comment for b, but "bar"
+            ] # this is a comment for b.
+        )";
+
+        std::istringstream iss(file);
+        const auto v = toml::parse<toml::preserve_comments>(iss);
+
+        const auto& a  = toml::find(v, "a");
+        const auto& b  = toml::find(v, "b");
+        const auto& b0 = b.as_array().at(0);
+
+        BOOST_TEST(a.comments().size()   == 1u);
+        BOOST_TEST(a.comments().front()  == u8" comment for a.");
+        BOOST_TEST(b.comments().size()   == 1u);
+        BOOST_TEST(b.comments().front()  == u8" this is a comment for b.");
+        BOOST_TEST(b0.comments().size()  == 1u);
+        BOOST_TEST(b0.comments().front() == u8" this is not a comment for b, but \"bar\"");
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_comment_both)
+{
+    {
+        const std::string file = u8R"(
+            # comment for a.
+            a = 42 # inline comment for a.
+            # comment for b.
+            b = "baz" # inline comment for b.
+            # comment for c.
+            c = [ # this comment will be ignored
+                # comment for the first element.
+                10 # this also.
+            ] # another comment for c.
+        )";
+
+        std::istringstream iss(file);
+        const auto v = toml::parse<toml::preserve_comments>(iss);
+
+        const auto& a  = toml::find(v, "a");
+        const auto& b  = toml::find(v, "b");
+        const auto& c  = toml::find(v, "c");
+        const auto& c0 = c.as_array().at(0);
+
+        BOOST_TEST(a.comments().size()  == 2u);
+        BOOST_TEST(a.comments().front() == u8" comment for a.");
+        BOOST_TEST(a.comments().back()  == u8" inline comment for a.");
+        BOOST_TEST(b.comments().size()  == 2u);
+        BOOST_TEST(b.comments().front() == u8" comment for b.");
+        BOOST_TEST(b.comments().back()  == u8" inline comment for b.");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(c.comments().size()  == 2u);
+        BOOST_TEST(c.comments().front() == u8" comment for c.");
+        BOOST_TEST(c.comments().back()  == u8" another comment for c.");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(c0.comments().size()  == 2u);
+        BOOST_TEST(c0.comments().front() == u8" comment for the first element.");
+        BOOST_TEST(c0.comments().back()  == u8" this also.");
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_discard_comment)
+{
+    const std::string file = u8R"(
+        # comment for a.
+        a = 42 # inline comment for a.
+        # comment for b.
+        b = "baz" # inline comment for b.
+        # comment for c.
+        c = [ # this comment will be ignored
+            # comment for the first element.
+            10 # this also.
+        ] # another comment for c.
+    )";
+
+    std::istringstream iss(file);
+    const auto v = toml::parse(iss);
+
+    const auto& a  = toml::find(v, "a");
+    const auto& b  = toml::find(v, "b");
+    const auto& c  = toml::find(v, "c");
+    const auto& c0 = c.as_array().at(0);
+
+    BOOST_TEST(a.comments().empty());
+    BOOST_TEST(b.comments().empty());
+    BOOST_TEST(c.comments().empty());
+    BOOST_TEST(c0.comments().empty());
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_construct_value_with_comments)
+{
+    using value_type = toml::basic_value<toml::preserve_comments>;
+    {
+        const value_type v(true, {"comment1", "comment2"});
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().size() == 2u);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(0)  == "comment1");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(1)  == "comment2");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.is_boolean());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_boolean() == true);
+    }
+    {
+        const value_type v(42, {"comment1", "comment2"});
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().size() == 2u);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(0)  == "comment1");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(1)  == "comment2");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.is_integer());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_integer() == 42);
+    }
+    {
+        const value_type v(3.14, {"comment1", "comment2"});
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().size() == 2u);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(0)  == "comment1");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(1)  == "comment2");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.is_floating());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_floating() == 3.14);
+    }
+    {
+        const value_type v(toml::string("str"), {"comment1", "comment2"});
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().size() == 2u);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(0)  == "comment1");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(1)  == "comment2");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.is_string());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_string() == "str");
+    }
+    {
+        const value_type v(std::string("str"), {"comment1", "comment2"});
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().size() == 2u);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(0)  == "comment1");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(1)  == "comment2");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.is_string());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_string() == "str");
+    }
+    {
+        const value_type v(std::string("str"), toml::string_t::literal,
+                           {"comment1", "comment2"});
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().size() == 2u);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(0)  == "comment1");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(1)  == "comment2");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.is_string());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_string() == "str");
+    }
+    {
+        const value_type v("str", {"comment1", "comment2"});
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().size() == 2u);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(0)  == "comment1");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(1)  == "comment2");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.is_string());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_string() == "str");
+    }
+    {
+        const value_type v("str", toml::string_t::literal,
+                           {"comment1", "comment2"});
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().size() == 2u);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(0)  == "comment1");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(1)  == "comment2");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.is_string());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_string() == "str");
+    }
+#if __cplusplus >= 201703L
+    {
+        using namespace std::literals::string_view_literals;
+        const value_type v("str"sv, {"comment1", "comment2"});
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().size() == 2u);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(0)  == "comment1");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(1)  == "comment2");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.is_string());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_string() == "str");
+    }
+    {
+        using namespace std::literals::string_view_literals;
+        const value_type v("str"sv, toml::string_t::literal,
+                           {"comment1", "comment2"});
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().size() == 2u);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(0)  == "comment1");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(1)  == "comment2");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.is_string());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_string() == "str");
+    }
+#endif
+    const toml::local_date      ld{2019, toml::month_t::Apr, 1};
+    const toml::local_time      lt{12, 30, 45};
+    const toml::local_datetime  ldt{ld, lt};
+    const toml::offset_datetime odt{ld, lt, toml::time_offset{9, 0}};
+    {
+        const value_type v(ld, {"comment1", "comment2"});
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().size() == 2u);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(0)  == "comment1");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(1)  == "comment2");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.is_local_date());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_local_date() == ld);
+    }
+    {
+        const value_type v(lt, {"comment1", "comment2"});
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().size() == 2u);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(0)  == "comment1");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(1)  == "comment2");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.is_local_time());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_local_time() == lt);
+    }
+    {
+        const toml::local_time three_hours{3,0,0};
+        const value_type v(std::chrono::hours(3), {"comment1", "comment2"});
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().size() == 2u);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(0)  == "comment1");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(1)  == "comment2");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.is_local_time());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_local_time() == three_hours);
+    }
+    {
+        const value_type v(ldt, {"comment1", "comment2"});
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().size() == 2u);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(0)  == "comment1");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(1)  == "comment2");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.is_local_datetime());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_local_datetime() == ldt);
+    }
+    {
+        const value_type v(odt, {"comment1", "comment2"});
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().size() == 2u);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(0)  == "comment1");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(1)  == "comment2");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.is_offset_datetime());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_offset_datetime() == odt);
+    }
+    {
+        const auto systp = static_cast<std::chrono::system_clock::time_point>(odt);
+        const value_type v(systp, {"comment1", "comment2"});
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().size() == 2u);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(0)  == "comment1");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(1)  == "comment2");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.is_offset_datetime());
+
+        // While the conversion, the information about time offset may change.
+        const auto systp2 = static_cast<std::chrono::system_clock::time_point>(
+                v.as_offset_datetime());
+        const bool result = systp == systp2; // because there is no operator<<
+        BOOST_TEST(result);
+    }
+    {
+        const typename value_type::array_type a{1,2,3,4,5};
+        const value_type v(a, {"comment1", "comment2"});
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().size() == 2u);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(0)  == "comment1");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(1)  == "comment2");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.is_array());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_array().at(0).is_integer());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_array().at(1).is_integer());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_array().at(2).is_integer());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_array().at(3).is_integer());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_array().at(4).is_integer());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_array().at(0).as_integer() == 1);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_array().at(1).as_integer() == 2);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_array().at(2).as_integer() == 3);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_array().at(3).as_integer() == 4);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_array().at(4).as_integer() == 5);
+    }
+    {
+        const std::initializer_list<int> a = {1,2,3,4,5};
+        const value_type v(a, {"comment1", "comment2"});
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().size() == 2u);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(0)  == "comment1");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(1)  == "comment2");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.is_array());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_array().at(0).is_integer());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_array().at(1).is_integer());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_array().at(2).is_integer());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_array().at(3).is_integer());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_array().at(4).is_integer());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_array().at(0).as_integer() == 1);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_array().at(1).as_integer() == 2);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_array().at(2).as_integer() == 3);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_array().at(3).as_integer() == 4);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_array().at(4).as_integer() == 5);
+    }
+    {
+        const std::vector<int> a = {1,2,3,4,5};
+        const value_type v(a, {"comment1", "comment2"});
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().size() == 2u);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(0)  == "comment1");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(1)  == "comment2");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.is_array());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_array().at(0).is_integer());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_array().at(1).is_integer());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_array().at(2).is_integer());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_array().at(3).is_integer());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_array().at(4).is_integer());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_array().at(0).as_integer() == 1);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_array().at(1).as_integer() == 2);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_array().at(2).as_integer() == 3);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_array().at(3).as_integer() == 4);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_array().at(4).as_integer() == 5);
+    }
+    {
+        const typename value_type::table_type t{
+                {"key1", 42}, {"key2", "foobar"}
+            };
+        const value_type v(t, {"comment1", "comment2"});
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().size() == 2u);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(0)  == "comment1");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(1)  == "comment2");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.is_table());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_table().at("key1").is_integer());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_table().at("key1").as_integer() == 42);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_table().at("key2").is_string());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_table().at("key2").as_string() == "foobar");
+    }
+    {
+        const std::initializer_list<std::pair<std::string, value_type>> t{
+                {"key1", 42}, {"key2", "foobar"}
+            };
+        const value_type v(t, {"comment1", "comment2"});
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().size() == 2u);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(0)  == "comment1");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(1)  == "comment2");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.is_table());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_table().at("key1").is_integer());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_table().at("key1").as_integer() == 42);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_table().at("key2").is_string());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_table().at("key2").as_string() == "foobar");
+    }
+    {
+        const std::map<std::string, value_type> t{
+                {"key1", 42}, {"key2", "foobar"}
+            };
+        const value_type v(t, {"comment1", "comment2"});
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().size() == 2u);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(0)  == "comment1");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(1)  == "comment2");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.is_table());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_table().at("key1").is_integer());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_table().at("key1").as_integer() == 42);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_table().at("key2").is_string());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_table().at("key2").as_string() == "foobar");
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_overwrite_comments)
+{
+    using value_type = toml::basic_value<toml::preserve_comments>;
+    {
+        const value_type v(42, {"comment1", "comment2"});
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().size() == 2u);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(0)  == "comment1");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(1)  == "comment2");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.is_integer());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_integer() == 42);
+
+        const value_type u(v, {"comment3", "comment4"});
+        BOOST_TEST(u.comments().size() == 2u);
+        BOOST_TEST(u.comments().at(0)  == "comment3");
+        BOOST_TEST(u.comments().at(1)  == "comment4");
+        BOOST_TEST(u.is_integer());
+        BOOST_TEST(u.as_integer() == 42);
+    }
+    {
+        const value_type v(42, {"comment1", "comment2"});
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().size() == 2u);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(0)  == "comment1");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(1)  == "comment2");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.is_integer());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_integer() == 42);
+
+        const value_type u(v);
+        BOOST_TEST(u.comments().size() == 2u);
+        BOOST_TEST(u.comments().at(0)  == "comment1");
+        BOOST_TEST(u.comments().at(1)  == "comment2");
+        BOOST_TEST(u.is_integer());
+        BOOST_TEST(u.as_integer() == 42);
+    }
+    {
+        const value_type v(42, {"comment1", "comment2"});
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().size() == 2u);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(0)  == "comment1");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.comments().at(1)  == "comment2");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.is_integer());
+        BOOST_TEST(v.as_integer() == 42);
+
+        const value_type u(v, {});
+        BOOST_TEST(u.comments().size() == 0u);
+        BOOST_TEST(u.is_integer());
+        BOOST_TEST(u.as_integer() == 42);
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_output_comments)
+{
+    using value_type = toml::basic_value<toml::preserve_comments>;
+    {
+        const value_type v(42, {"comment1", "comment2"});
+        std::ostringstream oss;
+        oss << v.comments();
+
+        std::ostringstream ref;
+        ref << "#comment1\n";
+        ref << "#comment2\n";
+
+        BOOST_TEST(oss.str() == ref.str());
+    }
+    {
+        const value_type v(42, {"comment1", "comment2"});
+        std::ostringstream oss;
+
+        // If v is not a table, toml11 assumes that user is writing something
+        // like the following.
+
+        oss << "answer = " << v;
+
+        BOOST_TEST(oss.str() == "answer = 42 #comment1comment2");
+    }
+
+    {
+        const value_type v(42, {"comment1", "comment2"});
+        std::ostringstream oss;
+
+        // If v is not a table, toml11 assumes that user is writing something
+        // like the following.
+
+        oss << toml::nocomment << "answer = " << v;
+
+        BOOST_TEST(oss.str() == "answer = 42");
+    }
+
+    {
+        const value_type v(42, {"comment1", "comment2"});
+        std::ostringstream oss;
+
+        // If v is not a table, toml11 assumes that user is writing something
+        // like the following.
+
+        oss << toml::nocomment << toml::showcomment << "answer = " << v;
+
+        BOOST_TEST(oss.str() == "answer = 42 #comment1comment2");
+    }
+
+}

tests/test_datetime.cpp

@@ -5,26 +5,118 @@
 #define BOOST_TEST_NO_LIB
 #include <boost/test/included/unit_test.hpp>
 #endif
-#include <toml.hpp>
-#include <thread>
+#include <toml/datetime.hpp>
 
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_datetime_convertible)
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_local_date)
 {
-    const auto now = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
-    toml::Datetime d1(now);
-    const std::chrono::system_clock::time_point cvt(d1);
-    toml::Datetime d2(cvt);
+    const toml::local_date date(2018, toml::month_t::Jan, 1);
+    const toml::local_date date1(date);
+    BOOST_TEST(date == date1);
 
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(d1, d2);
+    const std::chrono::system_clock::time_point tp(date);
+    const toml::local_date date2(tp);
+    BOOST_TEST(date == date2);
 
-    const auto time = std::chrono::system_clock::to_time_t(now);
-    toml::Datetime d3(time);
-    toml::Datetime d4(std::chrono::system_clock::from_time_t(time));
+    const toml::local_date date3(2017, toml::month_t::Dec, 31);
+    BOOST_TEST(date > date3);
 
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(d3, d4);
-
-    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(1));
-    const auto later = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
-    toml::Datetime d5(later);
-    BOOST_CHECK(d1 < d5);
+    std::ostringstream oss;
+    oss << date;
+    BOOST_TEST(oss.str() == std::string("2018-01-01"));
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_local_time)
+{
+    const toml::local_time time(12, 30, 45);
+    const toml::local_time time1(time);
+    BOOST_TEST(time == time1);
+
+    const std::chrono::nanoseconds dur(time);
+    std::chrono::nanoseconds ns(0);
+    ns += std::chrono::hours  (12);
+    ns += std::chrono::minutes(30);
+    ns += std::chrono::seconds(45);
+    BOOST_TEST(dur.count() == ns.count());
+
+    const toml::local_time time3(12, 15, 45);
+    BOOST_TEST(time > time3);
+
+    {
+        std::ostringstream oss;
+        oss << time;
+        BOOST_TEST(oss.str() == std::string("12:30:45"));
+    }
+
+    {
+        const toml::local_time time4(12, 30, 45, 123, 456);
+        std::ostringstream oss;
+        oss << time4;
+        BOOST_TEST(oss.str() == std::string("12:30:45.123456"));
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_time_offset)
+{
+    const toml::time_offset time(9, 30);
+    const toml::time_offset time1(time);
+    BOOST_TEST(time == time1);
+
+    const std::chrono::minutes dur(time);
+    std::chrono::minutes m(0);
+    m += std::chrono::hours  (9);
+    m += std::chrono::minutes(30);
+    BOOST_TEST(dur.count() == m.count());
+
+    const toml::time_offset time2(9, 0);
+    BOOST_TEST(time2 < time);
+
+    std::ostringstream oss;
+    oss << time;
+    BOOST_TEST(oss.str() == std::string("+09:30"));
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_local_datetime)
+{
+    const toml::local_datetime dt(toml::local_date(2018, toml::month_t::Jan, 1),
+                                  toml::local_time(12, 30, 45));
+    const toml::local_datetime dt1(dt);
+    BOOST_TEST(dt == dt1);
+
+    const std::chrono::system_clock::time_point tp(dt);
+    const toml::local_datetime dt2(tp);
+    BOOST_TEST(dt == dt2);
+
+    std::ostringstream oss;
+    oss << dt;
+    BOOST_TEST(oss.str() == std::string("2018-01-01T12:30:45"));
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_offset_datetime)
+{
+    const toml::offset_datetime dt(toml::local_date(2018, toml::month_t::Jan, 1),
+                                   toml::local_time(12, 30, 45),
+                                   toml::time_offset(9, 30));
+    const toml::offset_datetime dt1(dt);
+    BOOST_TEST(dt == dt1);
+
+    const std::chrono::system_clock::time_point tp1(dt);
+    const toml::offset_datetime dt2(tp1);
+    const std::chrono::system_clock::time_point tp2(dt2);
+    const bool tp_same = (tp1 == tp2);
+    BOOST_TEST(tp_same);
+
+    {
+        std::ostringstream oss;
+        oss << dt;
+        BOOST_TEST(oss.str() == std::string("2018-01-01T12:30:45+09:30"));
+    }
+    {
+        const toml::offset_datetime dt3(
+                toml::local_date(2018, toml::month_t::Jan, 1),
+                toml::local_time(12, 30, 45),
+                toml::time_offset(0, 0));
+        std::ostringstream oss;
+        oss << dt3;
+        BOOST_TEST(oss.str() == std::string("2018-01-01T12:30:45Z"));
+    }
 }

tests/test_error_detection.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+#define BOOST_TEST_MODULE "test_error_detection"
+#ifdef UNITTEST_FRAMEWORK_LIBRARY_EXIST
+#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
+#else
+#define BOOST_TEST_NO_LIB
+#include <boost/test/included/unit_test.hpp>
+#endif
+#include <toml.hpp>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <fstream>
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_detect_empty_key)
+{
+    std::istringstream stream(std::string("= \"value\""));
+    BOOST_CHECK_THROW(toml::parse(stream), toml::syntax_error);
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_detect_missing_value)
+{
+    std::istringstream stream(std::string("a ="));
+    BOOST_CHECK_THROW(toml::parse(stream), toml::syntax_error);
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_detect_too_many_value)
+{
+    std::istringstream stream(std::string("a = 1 = \"value\""));
+    BOOST_CHECK_THROW(toml::parse(stream), toml::syntax_error);
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_detect_duplicate_table)
+{
+    std::istringstream stream(std::string(
+            "[table]\n"
+            "a = 42\n"
+            "[table]\n"
+            "b = 42\n"
+            ));
+    BOOST_CHECK_THROW(toml::parse(stream), toml::syntax_error);
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_detect_conflict_array_table)
+{
+    std::istringstream stream(std::string(
+            "[[table]]\n"
+            "a = 42\n"
+            "[table]\n"
+            "b = 42\n"
+            ));
+    BOOST_CHECK_THROW(toml::parse(stream), toml::syntax_error);
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_detect_conflict_table_array)
+{
+    std::istringstream stream(std::string(
+            "[table]\n"
+            "a = 42\n"
+            "[[table]]\n"
+            "b = 42\n"
+            ));
+    BOOST_CHECK_THROW(toml::parse(stream), toml::syntax_error);
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_detect_duplicate_value)
+{
+    std::istringstream stream(std::string(
+            "a = 1\n"
+            "a = 2\n"
+            ));
+    BOOST_CHECK_THROW(toml::parse(stream), toml::syntax_error);
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_detect_conflicting_value)
+{
+    std::istringstream stream(std::string(
+            "a.b   = 1\n"
+            "a.b.c = 2\n"
+            ));
+    BOOST_CHECK_THROW(toml::parse(stream), toml::syntax_error);
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_detect_inhomogeneous_array)
+{
+#ifdef TOML11_DISALLOW_HETEROGENEOUS_ARRAYS
+    std::istringstream stream(std::string(
+            "a = [1, 1.0]\n"
+            ));
+    BOOST_CHECK_THROW(toml::parse(stream), toml::syntax_error);
+#else
+    BOOST_TEST_MESSAGE("After v1.0.0-rc.1, heterogeneous arrays are allowed");
+#endif
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_detect_appending_array_of_table)
+{
+    std::istringstream stream(std::string(
+            "a = [{b = 1}]\n"
+            "[[a]]\n"
+            "b = 2\n"
+            ));
+    BOOST_CHECK_THROW(toml::parse(stream), toml::syntax_error);
+}

tests/test_expect.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#define BOOST_TEST_MODULE "test_expect"
+#ifdef UNITTEST_FRAMEWORK_LIBRARY_EXIST
+#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
+#else
+#define BOOST_TEST_NO_LIB
+#include <boost/test/included/unit_test.hpp>
+#endif
+#include <toml.hpp>
+#include <map>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <list>
+#include <deque>
+#include <array>
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_expect)
+{
+    {
+        toml::value v1(42);
+        toml::value v2(3.14);
+        const auto v1_or_0 = toml::expect<int>(v1).unwrap_or(0);
+        const auto v2_or_0 = toml::expect<int>(v2).unwrap_or(0);
+        BOOST_TEST(42 == v1_or_0);
+        BOOST_TEST( 0 == v2_or_0);
+
+        const auto v1_or_none = toml::expect<int>(v1).map([](int i){return std::to_string(i);}).unwrap_or(std::string("none"));
+        const auto v2_or_none = toml::expect<int>(v2).map([](int i){return std::to_string(i);}).unwrap_or(std::string("none"));
+        BOOST_TEST("42" ==   v1_or_none);
+        BOOST_TEST("none" == v2_or_none);
+    }
+}

tests/test_extended_conversions.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,547 @@
+#define BOOST_TEST_MODULE "test_extended_conversions"
+#ifdef UNITTEST_FRAMEWORK_LIBRARY_EXIST
+#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
+#else
+#define BOOST_TEST_NO_LIB
+#include <boost/test/included/unit_test.hpp>
+#endif
+#include <toml.hpp>
+#include <deque>
+#include <map>
+
+namespace extlib
+{
+struct foo
+{
+    int a;
+    std::string b;
+};
+struct bar
+{
+    int a;
+    std::string b;
+
+    void from_toml(const toml::value& v)
+    {
+        this->a = toml::find<int>(v, "a");
+        this->b = toml::find<std::string>(v, "b");
+        return ;
+    }
+
+    toml::table into_toml() const
+    {
+        return toml::table{{"a", this->a}, {"b", this->b}};
+    }
+};
+
+struct baz
+{
+    int a;
+    std::string b;
+};
+struct qux
+{
+    int a;
+    std::string b;
+};
+
+struct foobar
+{
+    // via constructor
+    explicit foobar(const toml::value& v)
+        : a(toml::find<int>(v, "a")), b(toml::find<std::string>(v, "b"))
+    {}
+    int a;
+    std::string b;
+};
+} // extlib
+
+namespace toml
+{
+template<>
+struct from<extlib::foo>
+{
+    static extlib::foo from_toml(const toml::value& v)
+    {
+        return extlib::foo{toml::find<int>(v, "a"), toml::find<std::string>(v, "b")};
+    }
+};
+
+template<>
+struct into<extlib::foo>
+{
+    static toml::table into_toml(const extlib::foo& f)
+    {
+        return toml::table{{"a", f.a}, {"b", f.b}};
+    }
+};
+
+template<>
+struct from<extlib::baz>
+{
+    static extlib::baz from_toml(const toml::value& v)
+    {
+        return extlib::baz{toml::find<int>(v, "a"), toml::find<std::string>(v, "b")};
+    }
+};
+
+template<>
+struct into<extlib::qux>
+{
+    static toml::table into_toml(const extlib::qux& f)
+    {
+        return toml::table{{"a", f.a}, {"b", f.b}};
+    }
+};
+} // toml
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+namespace extlib2
+{
+struct foo
+{
+    int a;
+    std::string b;
+};
+struct bar
+{
+    int a;
+    std::string b;
+
+    template<typename C, template<typename ...> class M, template<typename ...> class A>
+    void from_toml(const toml::basic_value<C, M, A>& v)
+    {
+        this->a = toml::find<int>(v, "a");
+        this->b = toml::find<std::string>(v, "b");
+        return ;
+    }
+
+    toml::table into_toml() const
+    {
+        return toml::table{{"a", this->a}, {"b", this->b}};
+    }
+};
+struct baz
+{
+    int a;
+    std::string b;
+};
+struct qux
+{
+    int a;
+    std::string b;
+};
+
+struct foobar
+{
+    template<typename C, template<typename ...> class M, template<typename ...> class A>
+    explicit foobar(const toml::basic_value<C, M, A>& v)
+        : a(toml::find<int>(v, "a")), b(toml::find<std::string>(v, "b"))
+    {}
+    int a;
+    std::string b;
+};
+
+} // extlib2
+
+namespace toml
+{
+template<>
+struct from<extlib2::foo>
+{
+    template<typename C, template<typename ...> class M, template<typename ...> class A>
+    static extlib2::foo from_toml(const toml::basic_value<C, M, A>& v)
+    {
+        return extlib2::foo{toml::find<int>(v, "a"), toml::find<std::string>(v, "b")};
+    }
+};
+
+template<>
+struct into<extlib2::foo>
+{
+    static toml::table into_toml(const extlib2::foo& f)
+    {
+        return toml::table{{"a", f.a}, {"b", f.b}};
+    }
+};
+
+template<>
+struct from<extlib2::baz>
+{
+    template<typename C, template<typename ...> class M, template<typename ...> class A>
+    static extlib2::baz from_toml(const toml::basic_value<C, M, A>& v)
+    {
+        return extlib2::baz{toml::find<int>(v, "a"), toml::find<std::string>(v, "b")};
+    }
+};
+
+template<>
+struct into<extlib2::qux>
+{
+    static toml::basic_value<toml::preserve_comments, std::map>
+    into_toml(const extlib2::qux& f)
+    {
+        return toml::basic_value<toml::preserve_comments, std::map>{
+            {"a", f.a}, {"b", f.b}
+        };
+    }
+};
+} // toml
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_conversion_by_member_methods)
+{
+    {
+        const toml::value v{{"a", 42}, {"b", "baz"}};
+
+        const auto foo = toml::get<extlib::foo>(v);
+        BOOST_TEST(foo.a == 42);
+        BOOST_TEST(foo.b == "baz");
+
+        const toml::value v2(foo);
+
+        BOOST_TEST(v == v2);
+    }
+
+    {
+        const toml::value v{{"a", 42}, {"b", "baz"}};
+
+        const auto foo = toml::get<extlib2::foo>(v);
+        BOOST_TEST(foo.a == 42);
+        BOOST_TEST(foo.b == "baz");
+
+        const toml::value v2(foo);
+        BOOST_TEST(v == v2);
+    }
+
+    {
+        const toml::basic_value<toml::discard_comments, std::map, std::deque>
+            v{{"a", 42}, {"b", "baz"}};
+
+        const auto foo = toml::get<extlib2::foo>(v);
+        BOOST_TEST(foo.a == 42);
+        BOOST_TEST(foo.b == "baz");
+
+        const toml::basic_value<toml::discard_comments, std::map, std::deque>
+            v2(foo);
+
+        BOOST_TEST(v == v2);
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_conversion_by_specialization)
+{
+    {
+        const toml::value v{{"a", 42}, {"b", "baz"}};
+
+        const auto bar = toml::get<extlib::bar>(v);
+        BOOST_TEST(bar.a == 42);
+        BOOST_TEST(bar.b == "baz");
+
+        const toml::value v2(bar);
+
+        BOOST_TEST(v == v2);
+    }
+    {
+        const toml::value v{{"a", 42}, {"b", "baz"}};
+
+        const auto bar = toml::get<extlib2::bar>(v);
+        BOOST_TEST(bar.a == 42);
+        BOOST_TEST(bar.b == "baz");
+
+        const toml::value v2(bar);
+
+        BOOST_TEST(v == v2);
+    }
+    {
+        const toml::basic_value<toml::discard_comments, std::map, std::deque>
+            v{{"a", 42}, {"b", "baz"}};
+
+        const auto bar = toml::get<extlib2::bar>(v);
+        BOOST_TEST(bar.a == 42);
+        BOOST_TEST(bar.b == "baz");
+
+        const toml::basic_value<toml::discard_comments, std::map, std::deque>
+            v2(bar);
+
+        BOOST_TEST(v == v2);
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_conversion_one_way)
+{
+    {
+        const toml::value v{{"a", 42}, {"b", "baz"}};
+
+        const auto baz = toml::get<extlib::baz>(v);
+        BOOST_TEST(baz.a == 42);
+        BOOST_TEST(baz.b == "baz");
+    }
+    {
+        const extlib::qux q{42, "qux"};
+        const toml::value v(q);
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<int>(v, "a")         == 42);
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(v, "b") == "qux");
+    }
+
+    {
+        const toml::basic_value<toml::discard_comments, std::map> v{
+            {"a", 42}, {"b", "baz"}
+        };
+
+        const auto baz = toml::get<extlib2::baz>(v);
+        BOOST_TEST(baz.a == 42);
+        BOOST_TEST(baz.b == "baz");
+    }
+    {
+        const extlib::qux q{42, "qux"};
+        const toml::basic_value<toml::preserve_comments, std::map> v(q);
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<int>(v, "a")         == 42);
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(v, "b") == "qux");
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_conversion_via_constructor)
+{
+    {
+        const toml::value v{{"a", 42}, {"b", "foobar"}};
+
+        const auto foobar = toml::get<extlib::foobar>(v);
+        BOOST_TEST(foobar.a == 42);
+        BOOST_TEST(foobar.b == "foobar");
+    }
+
+    {
+        const toml::basic_value<toml::discard_comments, std::map> v{
+            {"a", 42}, {"b", "foobar"}
+        };
+
+        const auto foobar = toml::get<extlib2::foobar>(v);
+        BOOST_TEST(foobar.a == 42);
+        BOOST_TEST(foobar.b == "foobar");
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_recursive_conversion)
+{
+    {
+        const toml::value v{
+            toml::table{{"a", 42}, {"b", "baz"}},
+            toml::table{{"a", 43}, {"b", "qux"}},
+            toml::table{{"a", 44}, {"b", "quux"}},
+            toml::table{{"a", 45}, {"b", "foobar"}},
+        };
+
+        const auto foos = toml::get<std::vector<extlib::foo>>(v);
+        BOOST_TEST(foos.size()  == 4ul);
+        BOOST_TEST(foos.at(0).a == 42);
+        BOOST_TEST(foos.at(1).a == 43);
+        BOOST_TEST(foos.at(2).a == 44);
+        BOOST_TEST(foos.at(3).a == 45);
+
+        BOOST_TEST(foos.at(0).b == "baz");
+        BOOST_TEST(foos.at(1).b == "qux");
+        BOOST_TEST(foos.at(2).b == "quux");
+        BOOST_TEST(foos.at(3).b == "foobar");
+
+        const auto bars = toml::get<std::vector<extlib::bar>>(v);
+        BOOST_TEST(bars.size()  == 4ul);
+        BOOST_TEST(bars.at(0).a == 42);
+        BOOST_TEST(bars.at(1).a == 43);
+        BOOST_TEST(bars.at(2).a == 44);
+        BOOST_TEST(bars.at(3).a == 45);
+
+        BOOST_TEST(bars.at(0).b == "baz");
+        BOOST_TEST(bars.at(1).b == "qux");
+        BOOST_TEST(bars.at(2).b == "quux");
+        BOOST_TEST(bars.at(3).b == "foobar");
+    }
+    {
+        const toml::value v{
+                toml::table{{"a", 42}, {"b", "baz"}},
+                toml::table{{"a", 43}, {"b", "qux"}},
+                toml::table{{"a", 44}, {"b", "quux"}},
+                toml::table{{"a", 45}, {"b", "foobar"}},
+            };
+
+        const auto foos = toml::get<std::vector<extlib2::foo>>(v);
+        BOOST_TEST(foos.size()  == 4ul);
+        BOOST_TEST(foos.at(0).a == 42);
+        BOOST_TEST(foos.at(1).a == 43);
+        BOOST_TEST(foos.at(2).a == 44);
+        BOOST_TEST(foos.at(3).a == 45);
+
+        BOOST_TEST(foos.at(0).b == "baz");
+        BOOST_TEST(foos.at(1).b == "qux");
+        BOOST_TEST(foos.at(2).b == "quux");
+        BOOST_TEST(foos.at(3).b == "foobar");
+
+        const auto bars = toml::get<std::vector<extlib2::bar>>(v);
+        BOOST_TEST(bars.size()  == 4ul);
+        BOOST_TEST(bars.at(0).a == 42);
+        BOOST_TEST(bars.at(1).a == 43);
+        BOOST_TEST(bars.at(2).a == 44);
+        BOOST_TEST(bars.at(3).a == 45);
+
+        BOOST_TEST(bars.at(0).b == "baz");
+        BOOST_TEST(bars.at(1).b == "qux");
+        BOOST_TEST(bars.at(2).b == "quux");
+        BOOST_TEST(bars.at(3).b == "foobar");
+    }
+
+    {
+        const toml::basic_value<toml::discard_comments, std::map, std::deque>
+            v{
+                toml::table{{"a", 42}, {"b", "baz"}},
+                toml::table{{"a", 43}, {"b", "qux"}},
+                toml::table{{"a", 44}, {"b", "quux"}},
+                toml::table{{"a", 45}, {"b", "foobar"}}
+            };
+
+        const auto foos = toml::get<std::vector<extlib2::foo>>(v);
+        BOOST_TEST(foos.size()  == 4ul);
+        BOOST_TEST(foos.at(0).a == 42);
+        BOOST_TEST(foos.at(1).a == 43);
+        BOOST_TEST(foos.at(2).a == 44);
+        BOOST_TEST(foos.at(3).a == 45);
+
+        BOOST_TEST(foos.at(0).b == "baz");
+        BOOST_TEST(foos.at(1).b == "qux");
+        BOOST_TEST(foos.at(2).b == "quux");
+        BOOST_TEST(foos.at(3).b == "foobar");
+
+        const auto bars = toml::get<std::vector<extlib2::bar>>(v);
+        BOOST_TEST(bars.size()  == 4ul);
+        BOOST_TEST(bars.at(0).a == 42);
+        BOOST_TEST(bars.at(1).a == 43);
+        BOOST_TEST(bars.at(2).a == 44);
+        BOOST_TEST(bars.at(3).a == 45);
+
+        BOOST_TEST(bars.at(0).b == "baz");
+        BOOST_TEST(bars.at(1).b == "qux");
+        BOOST_TEST(bars.at(2).b == "quux");
+        BOOST_TEST(bars.at(3).b == "foobar");
+    }
+
+    // via constructor
+    {
+        const toml::value v{
+                toml::table{{"a", 42}, {"b", "baz"}},
+                toml::table{{"a", 43}, {"b", "qux"}},
+                toml::table{{"a", 44}, {"b", "quux"}},
+                toml::table{{"a", 45}, {"b", "foobar"}}
+            };
+
+        {
+            const auto foobars = toml::get<std::vector<extlib::foobar>>(v);
+            BOOST_TEST(foobars.size()  == 4ul);
+            BOOST_TEST(foobars.at(0).a == 42);
+            BOOST_TEST(foobars.at(1).a == 43);
+            BOOST_TEST(foobars.at(2).a == 44);
+            BOOST_TEST(foobars.at(3).a == 45);
+
+            BOOST_TEST(foobars.at(0).b == "baz");
+            BOOST_TEST(foobars.at(1).b == "qux");
+            BOOST_TEST(foobars.at(2).b == "quux");
+            BOOST_TEST(foobars.at(3).b == "foobar");
+        }
+        {
+            const auto foobars = toml::get<std::vector<extlib2::foobar>>(v);
+            BOOST_TEST(foobars.size()  == 4ul);
+            BOOST_TEST(foobars.at(0).a == 42);
+            BOOST_TEST(foobars.at(1).a == 43);
+            BOOST_TEST(foobars.at(2).a == 44);
+            BOOST_TEST(foobars.at(3).a == 45);
+
+            BOOST_TEST(foobars.at(0).b == "baz");
+            BOOST_TEST(foobars.at(1).b == "qux");
+            BOOST_TEST(foobars.at(2).b == "quux");
+            BOOST_TEST(foobars.at(3).b == "foobar");
+        }
+    }
+    {
+        const toml::basic_value<toml::discard_comments, std::map, std::deque>
+            v{
+                toml::table{{"a", 42}, {"b", "baz"}},
+                toml::table{{"a", 43}, {"b", "qux"}},
+                toml::table{{"a", 44}, {"b", "quux"}},
+                toml::table{{"a", 45}, {"b", "foobar"}}
+            };
+
+        const auto foobars = toml::get<std::vector<extlib2::foobar>>(v);
+        BOOST_TEST(foobars.size()  == 4ul);
+        BOOST_TEST(foobars.at(0).a == 42);
+        BOOST_TEST(foobars.at(1).a == 43);
+        BOOST_TEST(foobars.at(2).a == 44);
+        BOOST_TEST(foobars.at(3).a == 45);
+
+        BOOST_TEST(foobars.at(0).b == "baz");
+        BOOST_TEST(foobars.at(1).b == "qux");
+        BOOST_TEST(foobars.at(2).b == "quux");
+        BOOST_TEST(foobars.at(3).b == "foobar");
+    }
+
+    // via constructor
+    {
+        const toml::value v{
+                {"0", toml::table{{"a", 42}, {"b", "baz"}}},
+                {"1", toml::table{{"a", 43}, {"b", "qux"}}},
+                {"2", toml::table{{"a", 44}, {"b", "quux"}}},
+                {"3", toml::table{{"a", 45}, {"b", "foobar"}}}
+            };
+
+        {
+            const auto foobars = toml::get<std::map<std::string, extlib::foobar>>(v);
+            BOOST_TEST(foobars.size()  == 4ul);
+            BOOST_TEST(foobars.at("0").a == 42);
+            BOOST_TEST(foobars.at("1").a == 43);
+            BOOST_TEST(foobars.at("2").a == 44);
+            BOOST_TEST(foobars.at("3").a == 45);
+
+            BOOST_TEST(foobars.at("0").b == "baz");
+            BOOST_TEST(foobars.at("1").b == "qux");
+            BOOST_TEST(foobars.at("2").b == "quux");
+            BOOST_TEST(foobars.at("3").b == "foobar");
+        }
+        {
+            const auto foobars = toml::get<std::map<std::string, extlib2::foobar>>(v);
+            BOOST_TEST(foobars.size()  == 4ul);
+            BOOST_TEST(foobars.at("0").a == 42);
+            BOOST_TEST(foobars.at("1").a == 43);
+            BOOST_TEST(foobars.at("2").a == 44);
+            BOOST_TEST(foobars.at("3").a == 45);
+
+            BOOST_TEST(foobars.at("0").b == "baz");
+            BOOST_TEST(foobars.at("1").b == "qux");
+            BOOST_TEST(foobars.at("2").b == "quux");
+            BOOST_TEST(foobars.at("3").b == "foobar");
+        }
+    }
+    {
+        const toml::basic_value<toml::discard_comments, std::map, std::deque>
+            v{
+                {"0", toml::table{{"a", 42}, {"b", "baz"}}},
+                {"1", toml::table{{"a", 43}, {"b", "qux"}}},
+                {"2", toml::table{{"a", 44}, {"b", "quux"}}},
+                {"3", toml::table{{"a", 45}, {"b", "foobar"}}}
+            };
+
+        const auto foobars = toml::get<std::map<std::string, extlib::foobar>>(v);
+        BOOST_TEST(foobars.size()  == 4ul);
+        BOOST_TEST(foobars.at("0").a == 42);
+        BOOST_TEST(foobars.at("1").a == 43);
+        BOOST_TEST(foobars.at("2").a == 44);
+        BOOST_TEST(foobars.at("3").a == 45);
+
+        BOOST_TEST(foobars.at("0").b == "baz");
+        BOOST_TEST(foobars.at("1").b == "qux");
+        BOOST_TEST(foobars.at("2").b == "quux");
+        BOOST_TEST(foobars.at("3").b == "foobar");
+    }
+
+}
+

tests/test_find.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,833 @@
+#define BOOST_TEST_MODULE "test_find"
+
+#ifdef UNITTEST_FRAMEWORK_LIBRARY_EXIST
+#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
+#else
+#define BOOST_TEST_NO_LIB
+#include <boost/test/included/unit_test.hpp>
+#endif
+
+#include <toml.hpp>
+#include <map>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <list>
+#include <deque>
+#include <array>
+#if __cplusplus >= 201703L
+#include <string_view>
+#endif
+#include <tuple>
+
+using test_value_types = std::tuple<
+    toml::value,
+    toml::basic_value<toml::preserve_comments>,
+    toml::basic_value<toml::discard_comments,  std::map, std::deque>,
+    toml::basic_value<toml::preserve_comments, std::map, std::deque>
+    >;
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_find_throws)
+{
+    // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // const-reference version
+    {
+        // value is not a table
+        const toml::value v(true);
+        BOOST_CHECK_THROW(toml::find<toml::boolean>(v, "key"), toml::type_error);
+    }
+    {
+        // the value corresponding to the key is not the expected type
+        const toml::value v{{"key", 42}};
+        BOOST_CHECK_THROW(toml::find<toml::boolean>(v, "key"), toml::type_error);
+    }
+    {
+        // the value corresponding to the key is not found
+        const toml::value v{{"key", 42}};
+        BOOST_CHECK_THROW(toml::find<toml::integer>(v, "different_key"),
+                          std::out_of_range);
+    }
+    {
+        // the positive control.
+        const toml::value v{{"key", 42}};
+        BOOST_TEST(42 == toml::find<int>(v, "key"));
+    }
+
+    // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // reference version
+    {
+        // value is not a table
+        toml::value v(true);
+        BOOST_CHECK_THROW(toml::find<toml::boolean>(v, "key"), toml::type_error);
+    }
+    {
+        // the value corresponding to the key is not the expected type
+        toml::value v{{"key", 42}};
+        BOOST_CHECK_THROW(toml::find<toml::boolean>(v, "key"), toml::type_error);
+    }
+    {
+        // the value corresponding to the key is not found
+        toml::value v{{"key", 42}};
+        BOOST_CHECK_THROW(toml::find<toml::integer>(v, "different_key"),
+                          std::out_of_range);
+    }
+    {
+        // the positive control.
+        toml::value v{{"key", 42}};
+        BOOST_TEST(42 == toml::find<int>(v, "key"));
+    }
+
+    // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // move version
+
+    {
+        // value is not a table
+        toml::value v(true);
+        BOOST_CHECK_THROW(toml::find<toml::boolean>(std::move(v), "key"), toml::type_error);
+    }
+    {
+        // the value corresponding to the key is not the expected type
+        toml::value v{{"key", 42}};
+        BOOST_CHECK_THROW(toml::find<toml::boolean>(std::move(v), "key"), toml::type_error);
+    }
+    {
+        // the value corresponding to the key is not found
+        toml::value v{{"key", 42}};
+        BOOST_CHECK_THROW(toml::find<toml::integer>(std::move(v), "different_key"),
+                          std::out_of_range);
+    }
+    {
+        // the positive control.
+        toml::value v{{"key", 42}};
+        BOOST_TEST(42 == toml::find<int>(std::move(v), "key"));
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_find_array_throws)
+{
+    // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // const-reference version
+    {
+        // value is not an array
+        const toml::value v(true);
+        BOOST_CHECK_THROW(toml::find<toml::boolean>(v, 0), toml::type_error);
+    }
+    {
+        // the value corresponding to the key is not the expected type
+        const toml::value v{1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+        BOOST_CHECK_THROW(toml::find<toml::boolean>(v, 0), toml::type_error);
+    }
+    {
+        // the value corresponding to the key is not found
+        const toml::value v{1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+        BOOST_CHECK_THROW(toml::find<toml::integer>(v, 6), std::out_of_range);
+    }
+    {
+        // the positive control.
+        const toml::value v{1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+        BOOST_TEST(3 == toml::find<int>(v, 2));
+    }
+
+    // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // non-const reference version
+    {
+        // value is not an array
+        toml::value v(true);
+        BOOST_CHECK_THROW(toml::find<toml::boolean>(v, 0), toml::type_error);
+    }
+    {
+        // the value corresponding to the key is not the expected type
+        toml::value v{1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+        BOOST_CHECK_THROW(toml::find<toml::boolean>(v, 0), toml::type_error);
+    }
+    {
+        // the value corresponding to the key is not found
+        toml::value v{1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+        BOOST_CHECK_THROW(toml::find<toml::integer>(v, 6), std::out_of_range);
+    }
+    {
+        // the positive control.
+        toml::value v{1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+        BOOST_TEST(3 == toml::find<int>(v, 2));
+    }
+
+    // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // move version
+    {
+        // value is not an array
+        toml::value v(true);
+        BOOST_CHECK_THROW(toml::find<toml::boolean>(std::move(v), 0), toml::type_error);
+    }
+    {
+        // the value corresponding to the key is not the expected type
+        toml::value v{1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+        BOOST_CHECK_THROW(toml::find<toml::boolean>(std::move(v), 0), toml::type_error);
+    }
+    {
+        // the value corresponding to the key is not found
+        toml::value v{1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+        BOOST_CHECK_THROW(toml::find<toml::integer>(std::move(v), 6), std::out_of_range);
+    }
+    {
+        // the positive control.
+        toml::value v{1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+        BOOST_TEST(3 == toml::find<int>(std::move(v), 2));
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_find_recursive)
+{
+    // recursively search tables
+    {
+        toml::value v{
+            {"a", {
+                {"b", {
+                    {"c", {
+                        {"d", 42}
+                    }}
+                }}
+            }}
+        };
+        BOOST_TEST(42 == toml::find<int>(v, "a", "b", "c", "d"));
+
+        // reference that can be used to modify the content
+        auto& num = toml::find<toml::integer>(v, "a", "b", "c", "d");
+        num = 54;
+        BOOST_TEST(54 == toml::find<int>(v, "a", "b", "c", "d"));
+
+        const std::string a("a"), b("b"), c("c"), d("d");
+        auto& num2 = toml::find<toml::integer>(v, a, b, c, d);
+        num2 = 42;
+        BOOST_TEST(42 == toml::find<int>(v, a, b, c, d));
+
+        auto num3 = toml::find<toml::integer>(v, a, "b", c, "d");
+        BOOST_TEST(42 == num3);
+
+        auto num4 = toml::find<toml::integer>(std::move(v), a, b, c, d);
+        BOOST_TEST(42 == num4);
+    }
+    // recursively search arrays
+    {
+        toml::value v{
+            toml::array{"array", "of", "string"},
+            toml::array{toml::array{1, 2, 3}, toml::array{3.14, 2.71}}
+        };
+        BOOST_TEST("array"  == toml::find<std::string>(v, 0, 0));
+        BOOST_TEST("of"     == toml::find<std::string>(v, 0, 1));
+        BOOST_TEST("string" == toml::find<std::string>(v, 0, 2));
+
+        BOOST_TEST(1 == toml::find<int>(v, 1, 0, 0));
+        BOOST_TEST(2 == toml::find<int>(v, 1, 0, 1));
+        BOOST_TEST(3 == toml::find<int>(v, 1, 0, 2));
+
+        BOOST_TEST(3.14 == toml::find<double>(v, 1, 1, 0));
+        BOOST_TEST(2.71 == toml::find<double>(v, 1, 1, 1));
+
+        // reference that can be used to modify the content
+        auto& num = toml::find<toml::integer>(v, 1, 0, 2);
+        num = 42;
+        BOOST_TEST( 1 == toml::find<int>(v, 1, 0, 0));
+        BOOST_TEST( 2 == toml::find<int>(v, 1, 0, 1));
+        BOOST_TEST(42 == toml::find<int>(v, 1, 0, 2));
+
+        // move value
+        auto num2 = toml::find<toml::integer>(std::move(v), 1, 0, 2);
+        BOOST_TEST(42 == num2);
+    }
+    // recursively search mixtures
+    {
+        toml::value v = toml::table{{"array", toml::array{
+                toml::array{1,   2,   3},
+                toml::array{
+                    toml::table{{"foo", "bar"}, {"baz", "qux"}},
+                    toml::table{{"pi",   3.14}, {"e",    2.71}}
+                }}
+            }};
+
+        BOOST_TEST(1 == toml::find<int>(v, "array", 0, 0));
+        BOOST_TEST(2 == toml::find<int>(v, "array", 0, 1));
+        BOOST_TEST(3 == toml::find<int>(v, "array", 0, 2));
+
+        BOOST_TEST("bar" == toml::find<std::string>(v, "array", 1, 0, "foo"));
+        BOOST_TEST("qux" == toml::find<std::string>(v, "array", 1, 0, "baz"));
+
+        BOOST_TEST(3.14 == toml::find<double>(v, "array", 1, 1, "pi"));
+        BOOST_TEST(2.71 == toml::find<double>(v, "array", 1, 1, "e"));
+
+        const std::string ar("array");
+        const auto ar_c = "array";
+
+        const std::string pi("pi");
+        const auto pi_c = "pi";
+
+        BOOST_TEST(3.14 == toml::find<double>(v, ar, 1, 1, "pi"));
+        BOOST_TEST(3.14 == toml::find<double>(v, ar, 1, 1, pi));
+        BOOST_TEST(3.14 == toml::find<double>(v, ar, 1, 1, pi_c));
+
+        BOOST_TEST(3.14 == toml::find<double>(v, ar_c, 1, 1, "pi"));
+        BOOST_TEST(3.14 == toml::find<double>(v, ar_c, 1, 1, pi));
+        BOOST_TEST(3.14 == toml::find<double>(v, ar_c, 1, 1, pi_c));
+
+        BOOST_TEST(3.14 == toml::find<double>(v, "array", 1, 1, pi));
+        BOOST_TEST(3.14 == toml::find<double>(v, "array", 1, 1, pi_c));
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(test_find_exact, value_type, test_value_types)
+{
+    {
+        value_type v{{"key", true}};
+        BOOST_TEST(true == toml::find<toml::boolean>(v, "key"));
+
+        toml::find<toml::boolean>(v, "key") = false;
+        BOOST_TEST(false == toml::find<toml::boolean>(v, "key"));
+
+        const auto moved = toml::find<toml::boolean>(std::move(v), "key");
+        BOOST_TEST(false == moved);
+    }
+    {
+        value_type v{{"key", 42}};
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::integer(42) == toml::find<toml::integer>(v, "key"));
+
+        toml::find<toml::integer>(v, "key") = 54;
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::integer(54) == toml::find<toml::integer>(v, "key"));
+
+        const auto moved = toml::find<toml::integer>(std::move(v), "key");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::integer(54) == moved);
+    }
+    {
+        value_type v{{"key", 3.14}};
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::floating(3.14) == toml::find<toml::floating>(v, "key"));
+
+        toml::find<toml::floating>(v, "key") = 2.71;
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::floating(2.71) == toml::find<toml::floating>(v, "key"));
+
+        const auto moved = toml::find<toml::floating>(std::move(v), "key");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::floating(2.71) == moved);
+    }
+    {
+        value_type v{{"key", "foo"}};
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::string("foo", toml::string_t::basic) ==
+                          toml::find<toml::string>(v, "key"));
+
+        toml::find<toml::string>(v, "key").str += "bar";
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::string("foobar", toml::string_t::basic) ==
+                          toml::find<toml::string>(v, "key"));
+
+        const auto moved = toml::find<toml::string>(std::move(v), "key");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::string("foobar", toml::string_t::basic) == moved);
+    }
+    {
+        value_type v{{"key", value_type("foo", toml::string_t::literal)}};
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::string("foo", toml::string_t::literal) ==
+                          toml::find<toml::string>(v, "key"));
+
+        toml::find<toml::string>(v, "key").str += "bar";
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::string("foobar", toml::string_t::literal) ==
+                          toml::find<toml::string>(v, "key"));
+
+        const auto moved = toml::find<toml::string>(std::move(v), "key");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::string("foobar", toml::string_t::literal) == moved);
+    }
+    {
+        toml::local_date d(2018, toml::month_t::Apr, 22);
+        value_type v{{"key", d}};
+        BOOST_CHECK(d == toml::find<toml::local_date>(v, "key"));
+
+        toml::find<toml::local_date>(v, "key").year = 2017;
+        d.year = 2017;
+        BOOST_CHECK(d == toml::find<toml::local_date>(v, "key"));
+
+        const auto moved = toml::find<toml::local_date>(std::move(v), "key");
+        BOOST_CHECK(d == moved);
+    }
+    {
+        toml::local_time t(12, 30, 45);
+        value_type v{{"key", t}};
+        BOOST_CHECK(t == toml::find<toml::local_time>(v, "key"));
+
+        toml::find<toml::local_time>(v, "key").hour = 9;
+        t.hour = 9;
+        BOOST_CHECK(t == toml::find<toml::local_time>(v, "key"));
+
+        const auto moved = toml::find<toml::local_time>(std::move(v), "key");
+        BOOST_CHECK(t == moved);
+    }
+    {
+        toml::local_datetime dt(toml::local_date(2018, toml::month_t::Apr, 22),
+                                toml::local_time(12, 30, 45));
+        value_type v{{"key", dt}};
+        BOOST_CHECK(dt == toml::find<toml::local_datetime>(v, "key"));
+
+        toml::find<toml::local_datetime>(v, "key").date.year = 2017;
+        dt.date.year = 2017;
+        BOOST_CHECK(dt == toml::find<toml::local_datetime>(v, "key"));
+
+        const auto moved = toml::find<toml::local_datetime>(std::move(v), "key");
+        BOOST_CHECK(dt == moved);
+    }
+    {
+        toml::offset_datetime dt(toml::local_datetime(
+                    toml::local_date(2018, toml::month_t::Apr, 22),
+                    toml::local_time(12, 30, 45)), toml::time_offset(9, 0));
+        value_type v{{"key", dt}};
+        BOOST_CHECK(dt == toml::find<toml::offset_datetime>(v, "key"));
+
+        toml::find<toml::offset_datetime>(v, "key").date.year = 2017;
+        dt.date.year = 2017;
+        BOOST_CHECK(dt == toml::find<toml::offset_datetime>(v, "key"));
+
+        const auto moved = toml::find<toml::offset_datetime>(std::move(v), "key");
+        BOOST_CHECK(dt == moved);
+    }
+    {
+        typename value_type::array_type vec;
+        vec.push_back(value_type(42));
+        vec.push_back(value_type(54));
+        value_type v{{"key", vec}};
+
+        const bool result1 = (vec == toml::find<typename value_type::array_type>(v, "key"));
+        BOOST_CHECK(result1);
+
+        toml::find<typename value_type::array_type>(v, "key").push_back(value_type(123));
+        vec.push_back(value_type(123));
+
+        const bool result2 = (vec == toml::find<typename value_type::array_type>(v, "key"));
+        BOOST_CHECK(result2);
+
+        const auto moved = toml::find<typename value_type::array_type>(std::move(v), "key");
+        const bool result3 = (vec == moved);
+        BOOST_CHECK(result3);
+    }
+    {
+        typename value_type::table_type tab;
+        tab["key1"] = value_type(42);
+        tab["key2"] = value_type(3.14);
+        value_type v{{"key", tab}};
+        const bool result1 = (tab == toml::find<typename value_type::table_type>(v, "key"));
+        BOOST_CHECK(result1);
+
+        toml::find<typename value_type::table_type>(v, "key")["key3"] = value_type(123);
+        tab["key3"] = value_type(123);
+        const bool result2 = (tab == toml::find<typename value_type::table_type>(v, "key"));
+        BOOST_CHECK(result2);
+
+        const auto moved = toml::find<typename value_type::table_type>(std::move(v), "key");
+        const bool result3 = (tab == moved);
+        BOOST_CHECK(result3);
+    }
+    {
+        value_type v1(42);
+        value_type v{{"key", v1}};
+        BOOST_CHECK(v1 == toml::find(v, "key"));
+
+        value_type v2(54);
+        toml::find(v, "key") = v2;
+        BOOST_CHECK(v2 == toml::find(v, "key"));
+
+        const auto moved = toml::find(std::move(v), "key");
+        BOOST_CHECK(v2 == moved);
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(test_find_integer_type, value_type, test_value_types)
+{
+    {
+        value_type v{{"key", 42}};
+        BOOST_TEST(int(42)           == toml::find<int          >(v, "key"));
+        BOOST_TEST(short(42)         == toml::find<short        >(v, "key"));
+        BOOST_TEST(char(42)          == toml::find<char         >(v, "key"));
+        BOOST_TEST(unsigned(42)      == toml::find<unsigned     >(v, "key"));
+        BOOST_TEST(long(42)          == toml::find<long         >(v, "key"));
+        BOOST_TEST(std::int64_t(42)  == toml::find<std::int64_t >(v, "key"));
+        BOOST_TEST(std::uint64_t(42) == toml::find<std::uint64_t>(v, "key"));
+        BOOST_TEST(std::int16_t(42)  == toml::find<std::int16_t >(v, "key"));
+        BOOST_TEST(std::uint16_t(42) == toml::find<std::uint16_t>(v, "key"));
+        BOOST_TEST(std::uint16_t(42) == toml::find<std::uint16_t>(std::move(v), "key"));
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(test_find_floating_type, value_type, test_value_types)
+{
+    {
+        value_type v{{"key", 3.14}};
+        const double ref(3.14);
+        BOOST_TEST(static_cast<float      >(ref) == toml::find<float      >(v, "key"));
+        BOOST_TEST(                         ref  == toml::find<double     >(v, "key"));
+        BOOST_TEST(static_cast<long double>(ref) == toml::find<long double>(v, "key"));
+        BOOST_TEST(static_cast<float      >(ref) == toml::find<float      >(std::move(v), "key"));
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(test_find_string_type, value_type, test_value_types)
+{
+    {
+        value_type v{{"key", toml::string("foo", toml::string_t::basic)}};
+        BOOST_TEST("foo" == toml::find<std::string>(v, "key"));
+        toml::find<std::string>(v, "key") += "bar";
+        BOOST_TEST("foobar" == toml::find<std::string>(v, "key"));
+    }
+    {
+        value_type v{{"key", toml::string("foo", toml::string_t::literal)}};
+        BOOST_TEST("foo" == toml::find<std::string>(v, "key"));
+        toml::find<std::string>(v, "key") += "bar";
+        BOOST_TEST("foobar" == toml::find<std::string>(v, "key"));
+    }
+    {
+        value_type v{{"key", toml::string("foo", toml::string_t::literal)}};
+        const auto moved = toml::find<std::string>(std::move(v), "key");
+        BOOST_TEST("foo" == moved);
+    }
+
+#if __cplusplus >= 201703L
+    {
+        value_type v{{"key", toml::string("foo", toml::string_t::basic)}};
+        BOOST_TEST("foo" == toml::find<std::string_view>(v, "key"));
+    }
+    {
+        value_type v{{"key", toml::string("foo", toml::string_t::literal)}};
+        BOOST_TEST("foo" == toml::find<std::string_view>(v, "key"));
+    }
+#endif
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(test_find_toml_array, value_type, test_value_types)
+{
+    value_type v{{"key", {42, 54, 69, 72}}};
+
+    const std::vector<int>         vec = toml::find<std::vector<int>>(v, "key");
+    const std::list<short>         lst = toml::find<std::list<short>>(v, "key");
+    const std::deque<std::int64_t> deq = toml::find<std::deque<std::int64_t>>(v, "key");
+
+    BOOST_TEST(42 == vec.at(0));
+    BOOST_TEST(54 == vec.at(1));
+    BOOST_TEST(69 == vec.at(2));
+    BOOST_TEST(72 == vec.at(3));
+
+    std::list<short>::const_iterator iter = lst.begin();
+    BOOST_TEST(static_cast<short>(42) == *(iter++));
+    BOOST_TEST(static_cast<short>(54) == *(iter++));
+    BOOST_TEST(static_cast<short>(69) == *(iter++));
+    BOOST_TEST(static_cast<short>(72) == *(iter++));
+
+    BOOST_TEST(static_cast<std::int64_t>(42) == deq.at(0));
+    BOOST_TEST(static_cast<std::int64_t>(54) == deq.at(1));
+    BOOST_TEST(static_cast<std::int64_t>(69) == deq.at(2));
+    BOOST_TEST(static_cast<std::int64_t>(72) == deq.at(3));
+
+    std::array<int, 4> ary = toml::find<std::array<int, 4>>(v, "key");
+    BOOST_TEST(42 == ary.at(0));
+    BOOST_TEST(54 == ary.at(1));
+    BOOST_TEST(69 == ary.at(2));
+    BOOST_TEST(72 == ary.at(3));
+
+    std::tuple<int, short, unsigned, long> tpl =
+        toml::find<std::tuple<int, short, unsigned, long>>(v, "key");
+    BOOST_TEST(                      42  == std::get<0>(tpl));
+    BOOST_TEST(static_cast<short   >(54) == std::get<1>(tpl));
+    BOOST_TEST(static_cast<unsigned>(69) == std::get<2>(tpl));
+    BOOST_TEST(static_cast<long    >(72) == std::get<3>(tpl));
+
+    value_type p{{"key", {3.14, 2.71}}};
+    std::pair<double, double> pr = toml::find<std::pair<double, double> >(p, "key");
+    BOOST_TEST(3.14 == pr.first);
+    BOOST_TEST(2.71 == pr.second);
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(test_find_move_toml_array, value_type, test_value_types)
+{
+    value_type v1{{"key", {42, 54, 69, 72}}};
+    value_type v2{{"key", {42, 54, 69, 72}}};
+    value_type v3{{"key", {42, 54, 69, 72}}};
+    value_type v4{{"key", {42, 54, 69, 72}}};
+    value_type v5{{"key", {42, 54, 69, 72}}};
+
+    const std::vector<int>         vec = toml::find<std::vector<int>>(std::move(v1), "key");
+    const std::list<short>         lst = toml::find<std::list<short>>(std::move(v2), "key");
+    const std::deque<std::int64_t> deq = toml::find<std::deque<std::int64_t>>(std::move(v3), "key");
+
+    BOOST_TEST(42 == vec.at(0));
+    BOOST_TEST(54 == vec.at(1));
+    BOOST_TEST(69 == vec.at(2));
+    BOOST_TEST(72 == vec.at(3));
+
+    std::list<short>::const_iterator iter = lst.begin();
+    BOOST_TEST(static_cast<short>(42) == *(iter++));
+    BOOST_TEST(static_cast<short>(54) == *(iter++));
+    BOOST_TEST(static_cast<short>(69) == *(iter++));
+    BOOST_TEST(static_cast<short>(72) == *(iter++));
+
+    BOOST_TEST(static_cast<std::int64_t>(42) == deq.at(0));
+    BOOST_TEST(static_cast<std::int64_t>(54) == deq.at(1));
+    BOOST_TEST(static_cast<std::int64_t>(69) == deq.at(2));
+    BOOST_TEST(static_cast<std::int64_t>(72) == deq.at(3));
+
+    std::array<int, 4> ary = toml::find<std::array<int, 4>>(std::move(v4), "key");
+    BOOST_TEST(42 == ary.at(0));
+    BOOST_TEST(54 == ary.at(1));
+    BOOST_TEST(69 == ary.at(2));
+    BOOST_TEST(72 == ary.at(3));
+
+    std::tuple<int, short, unsigned, long> tpl =
+        toml::find<std::tuple<int, short, unsigned, long>>(std::move(v5), "key");
+    BOOST_TEST(                      42  == std::get<0>(tpl));
+    BOOST_TEST(static_cast<short   >(54) == std::get<1>(tpl));
+    BOOST_TEST(static_cast<unsigned>(69) == std::get<2>(tpl));
+    BOOST_TEST(static_cast<long    >(72) == std::get<3>(tpl));
+
+    value_type p{{"key", {3.14, 2.71}}};
+    std::pair<double, double> pr = toml::find<std::pair<double, double> >(std::move(p), "key");
+    BOOST_TEST(3.14 == pr.first);
+    BOOST_TEST(2.71 == pr.second);
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(test_find_toml_array_of_array, value_type, test_value_types)
+{
+    value_type v1{42, 54, 69, 72};
+    value_type v2{"foo", "bar", "baz"};
+    value_type v{{"key", {v1, v2}}};
+
+    std::pair<std::vector<int>, std::vector<std::string>> p =
+        toml::find<std::pair<std::vector<int>, std::vector<std::string>>>(v, "key");
+
+    BOOST_TEST(p.first.at(0) == 42);
+    BOOST_TEST(p.first.at(1) == 54);
+    BOOST_TEST(p.first.at(2) == 69);
+    BOOST_TEST(p.first.at(3) == 72);
+
+    BOOST_TEST(p.second.at(0) == "foo");
+    BOOST_TEST(p.second.at(1) == "bar");
+    BOOST_TEST(p.second.at(2) == "baz");
+
+    std::tuple<std::vector<int>, std::vector<std::string>> t =
+        toml::find<std::tuple<std::vector<int>, std::vector<std::string>>>(v, "key");
+
+    BOOST_TEST(std::get<0>(t).at(0) == 42);
+    BOOST_TEST(std::get<0>(t).at(1) == 54);
+    BOOST_TEST(std::get<0>(t).at(2) == 69);
+    BOOST_TEST(std::get<0>(t).at(3) == 72);
+
+    BOOST_TEST(std::get<1>(t).at(0) == "foo");
+    BOOST_TEST(std::get<1>(t).at(1) == "bar");
+    BOOST_TEST(std::get<1>(t).at(2) == "baz");
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(test_find_move_toml_array_of_array, value_type, test_value_types)
+{
+    value_type a1{42, 54, 69, 72};
+    value_type a2{"foo", "bar", "baz"};
+    value_type v1{{"key", {a1, a2}}};
+    value_type v2{{"key", {a1, a2}}};
+
+    std::pair<std::vector<int>, std::vector<std::string>> p =
+        toml::find<std::pair<std::vector<int>, std::vector<std::string>>>(std::move(v1), "key");
+
+    BOOST_TEST(p.first.at(0) == 42);
+    BOOST_TEST(p.first.at(1) == 54);
+    BOOST_TEST(p.first.at(2) == 69);
+    BOOST_TEST(p.first.at(3) == 72);
+
+    BOOST_TEST(p.second.at(0) == "foo");
+    BOOST_TEST(p.second.at(1) == "bar");
+    BOOST_TEST(p.second.at(2) == "baz");
+
+    std::tuple<std::vector<int>, std::vector<std::string>> t =
+        toml::find<std::tuple<std::vector<int>, std::vector<std::string>>>(std::move(v2), "key");
+
+    BOOST_TEST(std::get<0>(t).at(0) == 42);
+    BOOST_TEST(std::get<0>(t).at(1) == 54);
+    BOOST_TEST(std::get<0>(t).at(2) == 69);
+    BOOST_TEST(std::get<0>(t).at(3) == 72);
+
+    BOOST_TEST(std::get<1>(t).at(0) == "foo");
+    BOOST_TEST(std::get<1>(t).at(1) == "bar");
+    BOOST_TEST(std::get<1>(t).at(2) == "baz");
+}
+
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(test_find_toml_table, value_type, test_value_types)
+{
+    {
+        value_type v1{{"key", {
+                {"key1", 1}, {"key2", 2}, {"key3", 3}, {"key4", 4}
+            }}};
+        const auto v = toml::find<std::map<std::string, int>>(v1, "key");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.at("key1") == 1);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.at("key2") == 2);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.at("key3") == 3);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.at("key4") == 4);
+    }
+    {
+        value_type v1{{"key", {
+                {"key1", 1}, {"key2", 2}, {"key3", 3}, {"key4", 4}
+            }}};
+        const auto v = toml::find<std::map<std::string, int>>(std::move(v1), "key");
+        BOOST_TEST(v.at("key1") == 1);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.at("key2") == 2);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.at("key3") == 3);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.at("key4") == 4);
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(test_find_toml_local_date, value_type, test_value_types)
+{
+    {
+        value_type v1{{"key", toml::local_date{2018, toml::month_t::Apr, 1}}};
+        const auto date = std::chrono::system_clock::to_time_t(
+                toml::find<std::chrono::system_clock::time_point>(v1, "key"));
+
+        std::tm t;
+        t.tm_year = 2018 - 1900;
+        t.tm_mon  = 4    - 1;
+        t.tm_mday = 1;
+        t.tm_hour = 0;
+        t.tm_min  = 0;
+        t.tm_sec  = 0;
+        t.tm_isdst = -1;
+        const auto c = std::mktime(&t);
+        BOOST_TEST(c == date);
+    }
+    {
+        value_type v1{{"key", toml::local_date{2018, toml::month_t::Apr, 1}}};
+        const auto date = std::chrono::system_clock::to_time_t(
+                toml::find<std::chrono::system_clock::time_point>(std::move(v1), "key"));
+
+        std::tm t;
+        t.tm_year = 2018 - 1900;
+        t.tm_mon  = 4    - 1;
+        t.tm_mday = 1;
+        t.tm_hour = 0;
+        t.tm_min  = 0;
+        t.tm_sec  = 0;
+        t.tm_isdst = -1;
+        const auto c = std::mktime(&t);
+        BOOST_TEST(c == date);
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(test_find_toml_local_time, value_type, test_value_types)
+{
+    {
+        value_type v1{{"key", toml::local_time{12, 30, 45}}};
+        const auto time = toml::find<std::chrono::seconds>(v1, "key");
+        BOOST_CHECK(time == std::chrono::hours(12) +
+                            std::chrono::minutes(30) + std::chrono::seconds(45));
+    }
+    {
+        value_type v1{{"key", toml::local_time{12, 30, 45}}};
+        const auto time = toml::find<std::chrono::seconds>(std::move(v1), "key");
+        BOOST_CHECK(time == std::chrono::hours(12) +
+                            std::chrono::minutes(30) + std::chrono::seconds(45));
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(test_find_toml_local_datetime, value_type, test_value_types)
+{
+    {
+        value_type v1{{"key", toml::local_datetime(
+                    toml::local_date{2018, toml::month_t::Apr, 1},
+                    toml::local_time{12, 30, 45})}};
+
+        const auto date = std::chrono::system_clock::to_time_t(
+                toml::find<std::chrono::system_clock::time_point>(v1, "key"));
+        std::tm t;
+        t.tm_year = 2018 - 1900;
+        t.tm_mon  = 4    - 1;
+        t.tm_mday = 1;
+        t.tm_hour = 12;
+        t.tm_min  = 30;
+        t.tm_sec  = 45;
+        t.tm_isdst = -1;
+        const auto c = std::mktime(&t);
+        BOOST_TEST(c == date);
+    }
+    {
+        value_type v1{{"key", toml::local_datetime(
+                    toml::local_date{2018, toml::month_t::Apr, 1},
+                    toml::local_time{12, 30, 45})}};
+
+        const auto date = std::chrono::system_clock::to_time_t(
+                toml::find<std::chrono::system_clock::time_point>(std::move(v1), "key"));
+        std::tm t;
+        t.tm_year = 2018 - 1900;
+        t.tm_mon  = 4    - 1;
+        t.tm_mday = 1;
+        t.tm_hour = 12;
+        t.tm_min  = 30;
+        t.tm_sec  = 45;
+        t.tm_isdst = -1;
+        const auto c = std::mktime(&t);
+        BOOST_TEST(c == date);
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(test_get_toml_offset_datetime, value_type, test_value_types)
+{
+    {
+        value_type v1{{"key", toml::offset_datetime(
+                    toml::local_date{2018, toml::month_t::Apr, 1},
+                    toml::local_time{12, 30, 0},
+                    toml::time_offset{9, 0})}};
+        //    2018-04-01T12:30:00+09:00
+        // == 2018-04-01T03:30:00Z
+
+        const auto date = toml::find<std::chrono::system_clock::time_point>(v1, "key");
+        const auto timet = std::chrono::system_clock::to_time_t(date);
+
+        // get time_t as gmtime (2018-04-01T03:30:00Z)
+        const auto tmp = std::gmtime(std::addressof(timet)); // XXX not threadsafe!
+        BOOST_CHECK(tmp);
+        const auto tm = *tmp;
+        BOOST_TEST(tm.tm_year + 1900 == 2018);
+        BOOST_TEST(tm.tm_mon  + 1 ==       4);
+        BOOST_TEST(tm.tm_mday ==           1);
+        BOOST_TEST(tm.tm_hour ==           3);
+        BOOST_TEST(tm.tm_min ==           30);
+        BOOST_TEST(tm.tm_sec ==            0);
+    }
+
+    {
+        value_type v1{{"key", toml::offset_datetime(
+                    toml::local_date{2018, toml::month_t::Apr, 1},
+                    toml::local_time{12, 30, 0},
+                    toml::time_offset{-8, 0})}};
+        //    2018-04-01T12:30:00-08:00
+        // == 2018-04-01T20:30:00Z
+
+        const auto date = toml::find<std::chrono::system_clock::time_point>(v1, "key");
+        const auto timet = std::chrono::system_clock::to_time_t(date);
+
+        // get time_t as gmtime (2018-04-01T03:30:00Z)
+        const auto tmp = std::gmtime(std::addressof(timet)); // XXX not threadsafe!
+        BOOST_CHECK(tmp);
+        const auto tm = *tmp;
+        BOOST_TEST(tm.tm_year + 1900 == 2018);
+        BOOST_TEST(tm.tm_mon  + 1 ==       4);
+        BOOST_TEST(tm.tm_mday ==           1);
+        BOOST_TEST(tm.tm_hour ==          20);
+        BOOST_TEST(tm.tm_min ==           30);
+        BOOST_TEST(tm.tm_sec ==            0);
+    }
+
+    {
+        value_type v1{{"key", toml::offset_datetime(
+                    toml::local_date{2018, toml::month_t::Apr, 1},
+                    toml::local_time{12, 30, 0},
+                    toml::time_offset{-8, 0})}};
+        //    2018-04-01T12:30:00-08:00
+        // == 2018-04-01T20:30:00Z
+
+        const auto date = toml::find<std::chrono::system_clock::time_point>(std::move(v1), "key");
+        const auto timet = std::chrono::system_clock::to_time_t(date);
+
+        // get time_t as gmtime (2018-04-01T03:30:00Z)
+        const auto tmp = std::gmtime(std::addressof(timet)); // XXX not threadsafe!
+        BOOST_CHECK(tmp);
+        const auto tm = *tmp;
+        BOOST_TEST(tm.tm_year + 1900 == 2018);
+        BOOST_TEST(tm.tm_mon  + 1 ==       4);
+        BOOST_TEST(tm.tm_mday ==           1);
+        BOOST_TEST(tm.tm_hour ==          20);
+        BOOST_TEST(tm.tm_min ==           30);
+        BOOST_TEST(tm.tm_sec ==            0);
+    }
+}
+

tests/test_find_or.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,541 @@
+#define BOOST_TEST_MODULE "test_find_or"
+#ifdef UNITTEST_FRAMEWORK_LIBRARY_EXIST
+#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
+#else
+#define BOOST_TEST_NO_LIB
+#include <boost/test/included/unit_test.hpp>
+#endif
+#include <toml.hpp>
+#include <map>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <list>
+#include <deque>
+#include <array>
+#include <tuple>
+#if __cplusplus >= 201703L
+#include <string_view>
+#endif
+
+using test_value_types = std::tuple<
+    toml::value,
+    toml::basic_value<toml::preserve_comments>,
+    toml::basic_value<toml::discard_comments,  std::map, std::deque>,
+    toml::basic_value<toml::preserve_comments, std::map, std::deque>
+>;
+
+namespace test
+{
+template<typename charT, typename traits, typename T, typename Alloc>
+std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
+operator<<(std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os, const std::vector<T, Alloc>& v)
+{
+    os << "[ ";
+    for(const auto& i : v) {os << i << ' ';}
+    os << ']';
+    return os;
+}
+template<typename charT, typename traits, typename T, typename Alloc>
+std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
+operator<<(std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os, const std::deque<T, Alloc>& v)
+{
+    os << "[ ";
+    for(const auto& i : v) {os << i << ' ';}
+    os << ']';
+    return os;
+}
+template<typename charT, typename traits, typename T, typename Alloc>
+std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
+operator<<(std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os, const std::list<T, Alloc>& v)
+{
+    os << "[ ";
+    for(const auto& i : v) {os << i << ' ';}
+    os << ']';
+    return os;
+}
+template<typename charT, typename traits,
+         typename Key, typename Value, typename Comp, typename Alloc>
+std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
+operator<<(std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os,
+           const std::map<Key, Value, Comp, Alloc>& v)
+{
+    os << "[ ";
+    for(const auto& i : v) {os << '{' << i.first << ", " << i.second << "} ";}
+    os << ']';
+    return os;
+}
+template<typename charT, typename traits,
+         typename Key, typename Value, typename Hash, typename Eq, typename Alloc>
+std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
+operator<<(std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os,
+           const std::unordered_map<Key, Value, Hash, Eq, Alloc>& v)
+{
+    os << "[ ";
+    for(const auto& i : v) {os << '{' << i.first << ", " << i.second << "} ";}
+    os << ']';
+    return os;
+}
+} // test
+
+#define TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_EXACT(toml_type, init_expr, opt_expr)\
+    {                                                           \
+        using namespace test;                                   \
+        const toml::toml_type init init_expr ;                  \
+        const toml::toml_type opt  opt_expr ;                   \
+        const value_type v{{"key", init}};                      \
+        BOOST_TEST(init != opt);                                \
+        BOOST_TEST(init == toml::find_or(v, "key", opt));       \
+    }                                                           \
+    /**/
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(test_find_or_exact, value_type, test_value_types)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_EXACT(boolean,         ( true), (false))
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_EXACT(integer,         (   42), (   54))
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_EXACT(floating,        ( 3.14), ( 2.71))
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_EXACT(string,          ("foo"), ("bar"))
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_EXACT(local_time,      (12, 30, 45), (6, 0, 30))
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_EXACT(local_date,      (2019, toml::month_t::Apr, 1),
+                                              (1999, toml::month_t::Jan, 2))
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_EXACT(local_datetime,
+            (toml::local_date(2019, toml::month_t::Apr, 1), toml::local_time(12, 30, 45)),
+            (toml::local_date(1999, toml::month_t::Jan, 2), toml::local_time( 6,  0, 30))
+            )
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_EXACT(offset_datetime,
+            (toml::local_date(2019, toml::month_t::Apr, 1), toml::local_time(12, 30, 45), toml::time_offset( 9, 0)),
+            (toml::local_date(1999, toml::month_t::Jan, 2), toml::local_time( 6,  0, 30), toml::time_offset(-3, 0))
+            )
+    {
+        const typename value_type::array_type init{1,2,3,4,5};
+        const typename value_type::array_type opt {6,7,8,9,10};
+        const value_type v{{"key", init}};
+        BOOST_TEST(init != opt);
+        BOOST_TEST(init == toml::find_or(v, "key", opt));
+    }
+    {
+        const typename value_type::table_type init{{"key1", 42}, {"key2", "foo"}};
+        const typename value_type::table_type opt {{"key1", 54}, {"key2", "bar"}};
+        const value_type v{{"key", init}};
+        BOOST_TEST(init != opt);
+        BOOST_TEST(init == toml::find_or(v, "key", opt));
+    }
+}
+#undef TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_EXACT
+
+#define TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_MOVE(toml_type, init_expr, opt_expr)   \
+    {                                                              \
+        using namespace test;                                      \
+        const toml::toml_type init init_expr ;                     \
+        toml::toml_type opt  opt_expr ;                            \
+        value_type v{{"key", init}};                               \
+        BOOST_TEST(init != opt);                                   \
+        const auto moved = toml::find_or(std::move(v), "key", std::move(opt));\
+        BOOST_TEST(init == moved);                                 \
+    }                                                              \
+    /**/
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(test_find_or_move, value_type, test_value_types)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_MOVE(boolean,         ( true), (false))
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_MOVE(integer,         (   42), (   54))
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_MOVE(floating,        ( 3.14), ( 2.71))
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_MOVE(string,          ("foo"), ("bar"))
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_MOVE(local_time,      (12, 30, 45), (6, 0, 30))
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_MOVE(local_date,      (2019, toml::month_t::Apr, 1),
+                                              (1999, toml::month_t::Jan, 2))
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_MOVE(local_datetime,
+            (toml::local_date(2019, toml::month_t::Apr, 1), toml::local_time(12, 30, 45)),
+            (toml::local_date(1999, toml::month_t::Jan, 2), toml::local_time( 6,  0, 30))
+            )
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_MOVE(offset_datetime,
+            (toml::local_date(2019, toml::month_t::Apr, 1), toml::local_time(12, 30, 45), toml::time_offset( 9, 0)),
+            (toml::local_date(1999, toml::month_t::Jan, 2), toml::local_time( 6,  0, 30), toml::time_offset(-3, 0))
+            )
+    {
+        typename value_type::array_type init{1,2,3,4,5};
+        typename value_type::array_type opt {6,7,8,9,10};
+        value_type v{{"key", init}};
+        BOOST_TEST(init != opt);
+        const auto moved = toml::find_or(std::move(v), "key", std::move(opt));
+        BOOST_TEST(init == moved);
+    }
+    {
+        typename value_type::table_type init{{"key1", 42}, {"key2", "foo"}};
+        typename value_type::table_type opt {{"key1", 54}, {"key2", "bar"}};
+        value_type v{{"key", init}};
+        BOOST_TEST(init != opt);
+        const auto moved = toml::find_or(std::move(v), "key", std::move(opt));
+        BOOST_TEST(init == moved);
+    }
+}
+#undef TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_MOVE
+
+
+#define TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_MODIFY(toml_type, init_expr, opt_expr)\
+    {                                                             \
+        using namespace test;                                     \
+        const toml::toml_type init init_expr ;                    \
+        toml::toml_type       opt1 opt_expr ;                     \
+        toml::toml_type       opt2 opt_expr ;                     \
+        value_type v{{"key", init}};                              \
+        BOOST_TEST(init != opt1);                                 \
+        toml::find_or(v, "key", opt2) = opt1;                     \
+        BOOST_TEST(opt1 == toml::find<toml::toml_type>(v, "key"));\
+    }                                                             \
+    /**/
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(test_find_or_modify, value_type, test_value_types)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_MODIFY(boolean,         ( true), (false))
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_MODIFY(integer,         (   42), (   54))
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_MODIFY(floating,        ( 3.14), ( 2.71))
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_MODIFY(string,          ("foo"), ("bar"))
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_MODIFY(local_time,      (12, 30, 45), (6, 0, 30))
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_MODIFY(local_date,      (2019, toml::month_t::Apr, 1),
+                                              (1999, toml::month_t::Jan, 2))
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_MODIFY(local_datetime,
+            (toml::local_date(2019, toml::month_t::Apr, 1), toml::local_time(12, 30, 45)),
+            (toml::local_date(1999, toml::month_t::Jan, 2), toml::local_time( 6,  0, 30))
+            )
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_MODIFY(offset_datetime,
+            (toml::local_date(2019, toml::month_t::Apr, 1), toml::local_time(12, 30, 45), toml::time_offset( 9, 0)),
+            (toml::local_date(1999, toml::month_t::Jan, 2), toml::local_time( 6,  0, 30), toml::time_offset(-3, 0))
+            )
+    {
+        typename value_type::array_type init{1,2,3,4,5};
+        typename value_type::array_type opt1{6,7,8,9,10};
+        typename value_type::array_type opt2{6,7,8,9,10};
+        BOOST_TEST(init != opt1);
+        value_type v{{"key", init}};
+        toml::find_or(v, "key", opt2) = opt1;
+        BOOST_TEST(opt1 == toml::find<typename value_type::array_type>(v, "key"));
+    }
+    {
+        typename value_type::table_type init{{"key1", 42}, {"key2", "foo"}};
+        typename value_type::table_type opt1{{"key1", 54}, {"key2", "bar"}};
+        typename value_type::table_type opt2{{"key1", 54}, {"key2", "bar"}};
+        value_type v{{"key", init}};
+        BOOST_TEST(init != opt1);
+        toml::find_or(v, "key", opt2) = opt1;
+        BOOST_TEST(opt1 == toml::find<typename value_type::table_type>(v, "key"));
+    }
+}
+#undef TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_MODIFY
+
+#define TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(init_type, opt_type)         \
+    {                                                             \
+        using namespace test;                                     \
+        value_type v(init_type);                                  \
+        BOOST_TEST(opt_type == toml::find_or(v, "key", opt_type));\
+    }                                                             \
+    /**/
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(test_find_or_fallback, value_type, test_value_types)
+{
+    const toml::boolean         boolean        (true);
+    const toml::integer         integer        (42);
+    const toml::floating        floating       (3.14);
+    const toml::string          string         ("foo");
+    const toml::local_time      local_time     (12, 30, 45);
+    const toml::local_date      local_date     (2019, toml::month_t::Apr, 1);
+    const toml::local_datetime  local_datetime (
+            toml::local_date(2019, toml::month_t::Apr, 1),
+            toml::local_time(12, 30, 45));
+    const toml::offset_datetime offset_datetime(
+            toml::local_date(2019, toml::month_t::Apr, 1),
+            toml::local_time(12, 30, 45), toml::time_offset( 9, 0));
+
+    using array_type = typename value_type::array_type;
+    using table_type = typename value_type::table_type;
+    const array_type array{1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+    const table_type table{{"key1", 42}, {"key2", "foo"}};
+
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(boolean, integer        );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(boolean, floating       );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(boolean, string         );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(boolean, local_time     );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(boolean, local_date     );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(boolean, local_datetime );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(boolean, offset_datetime);
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(boolean, array          );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(boolean, table          );
+
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(integer, boolean        );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(integer, floating       );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(integer, string         );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(integer, local_time     );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(integer, local_date     );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(integer, local_datetime );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(integer, offset_datetime);
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(integer, array          );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(integer, table          );
+
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(floating, boolean        );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(floating, integer        );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(floating, string         );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(floating, local_time     );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(floating, local_date     );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(floating, local_datetime );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(floating, offset_datetime);
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(floating, array          );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(floating, table          );
+
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(string, boolean        );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(string, integer        );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(string, floating       );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(string, local_time     );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(string, local_date     );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(string, local_datetime );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(string, offset_datetime);
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(string, array          );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(string, table          );
+
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(local_time, boolean        );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(local_time, integer        );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(local_time, floating       );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(local_time, string         );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(local_time, local_date     );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(local_time, local_datetime );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(local_time, offset_datetime);
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(local_time, array          );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(local_time, table          );
+
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(local_date, boolean        );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(local_date, integer        );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(local_date, floating       );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(local_date, string         );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(local_date, local_time     );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(local_date, local_datetime );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(local_date, offset_datetime);
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(local_date, array          );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(local_date, table          );
+
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(local_datetime, boolean        );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(local_datetime, integer        );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(local_datetime, floating       );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(local_datetime, string         );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(local_datetime, local_time     );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(local_datetime, local_date     );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(local_datetime, offset_datetime);
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(local_datetime, array          );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(local_datetime, table          );
+
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(offset_datetime, boolean        );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(offset_datetime, integer        );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(offset_datetime, floating       );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(offset_datetime, string         );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(offset_datetime, local_time     );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(offset_datetime, local_date     );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(offset_datetime, local_datetime );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(offset_datetime, array          );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(offset_datetime, table          );
+
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(array, boolean        );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(array, integer        );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(array, floating       );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(array, string         );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(array, local_time     );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(array, local_date     );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(array, local_datetime );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(array, offset_datetime);
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(array, table          );
+
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(table, boolean        );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(table, integer        );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(table, floating       );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(table, string         );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(table, local_time     );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(table, local_date     );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(table, local_datetime );
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(table, offset_datetime);
+    TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK(table, array          );
+}
+#undef TOML11_TEST_FIND_OR_FALLBACK
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_find_or_integer)
+{
+    {
+        toml::value v{{"num", 42}};
+        BOOST_TEST(42u == toml::find_or(v, "num", 0u));
+        BOOST_TEST(0u ==  toml::find_or(v, "foo", 0u));
+    }
+    {
+        toml::value v{{"num", 42}};
+        const auto moved = toml::find_or(std::move(v), "num", 0u);
+        BOOST_TEST(42u == moved);
+    }
+    {
+        toml::value v{{"num", 42}};
+        const auto moved = toml::find_or(std::move(v), "foo", 0u);
+        BOOST_TEST(0u ==  moved);
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_find_or_floating)
+{
+    {
+        toml::value v1{{"key", 42}};
+        toml::value v2{{"key", 3.14}};
+        BOOST_TEST(2.71f == toml::find_or(v1, "key", 2.71f));
+        const double ref(3.14);
+        BOOST_TEST(static_cast<float>(ref) == toml::find_or(v2, "key", 2.71f));
+    }
+    {
+        toml::value v1{{"key", 42}};
+        toml::value v2{{"key", 3.14}};
+        const auto moved1 = toml::find_or(std::move(v1), "key", 2.71f);
+        const auto moved2 = toml::find_or(std::move(v2), "key", 2.71f);
+        BOOST_TEST(2.71f == moved1);
+        const double ref(3.14);
+        BOOST_TEST(static_cast<float>(ref) == moved2);
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_find_or_string)
+{
+    {
+        toml::value v1 = toml::table{{"key", "foobar"}};
+        toml::value v2 = toml::table{{"key", 42}};
+
+        std::string       s1("bazqux");
+        const std::string s2("bazqux");
+
+        BOOST_TEST("foobar" == toml::find_or(v1, "key", s1));
+        BOOST_TEST("bazqux" == toml::find_or(v2, "key", s1));
+
+        std::string& v1r = toml::find_or(v1, "key", s1);
+        std::string& s1r = toml::find_or(v2, "key", s1);
+
+        BOOST_TEST("foobar" == v1r);
+        BOOST_TEST("bazqux" == s1r);
+
+        BOOST_TEST("foobar" == toml::find_or(v1, "key", s2));
+        BOOST_TEST("bazqux" == toml::find_or(v2, "key", s2));
+
+        BOOST_TEST("foobar" == toml::find_or(std::move(v1), "key", std::move(s1)));
+        s1 = "bazqux"; // restoring moved value
+        BOOST_TEST("bazqux" == toml::find_or(std::move(v2), "key", std::move(s1)));
+    }
+    {
+        toml::value v1 = toml::table{{"key", "foobar"}};
+        toml::value v2 = toml::table{{"key", 42}};
+
+        std::string s1("bazqux");
+
+        const auto moved1 = toml::find_or(std::move(v1), "key", s1);
+        const auto moved2 = toml::find_or(std::move(v2), "key", s1);
+
+        BOOST_TEST("foobar" == moved1);
+        BOOST_TEST("bazqux" == moved2);
+    }
+    {
+        toml::value v1 = toml::table{{"key", "foobar"}};
+        toml::value v2 = toml::table{{"key", 42}};
+
+        std::string s1("bazqux");
+        std::string s2("bazqux");
+
+        const auto moved1 = toml::find_or(std::move(v1), "key", std::move(s1));
+        const auto moved2 = toml::find_or(std::move(v2), "key", std::move(s2));
+
+        BOOST_TEST("foobar" == moved1);
+        BOOST_TEST("bazqux" == moved2);
+    }
+
+    // string literal
+    {
+        toml::value v1 = toml::table{{"key", "foobar"}};
+        toml::value v2 = toml::table{{"key",42}};
+
+        BOOST_TEST("foobar" == toml::find_or(v1, "key", "bazqux"));
+        BOOST_TEST("bazqux" == toml::find_or(v2, "key", "bazqux"));
+
+        const char* lit = "bazqux";
+        BOOST_TEST("foobar" == toml::find_or(v1, "key", lit));
+        BOOST_TEST("bazqux" == toml::find_or(v2, "key", lit));
+    }
+    {
+        toml::value v1 = toml::table{{"key", "foobar"}};
+        toml::value v2 = toml::table{{"key",42}};
+
+        const auto moved1 = toml::find_or(std::move(v1), "key", "bazqux");
+        const auto moved2 = toml::find_or(std::move(v2), "key", "bazqux");
+
+        BOOST_TEST("foobar" == moved1);
+        BOOST_TEST("bazqux" == moved2);
+    }
+    {
+        toml::value v1 = toml::table{{"key", "foobar"}};
+        toml::value v2 = toml::table{{"key",42}};
+
+        const char* lit = "bazqux";
+        const auto moved1 = toml::find_or(std::move(v1), "key", lit);
+        const auto moved2 = toml::find_or(std::move(v2), "key", lit);
+
+        BOOST_TEST("foobar" == moved1);
+        BOOST_TEST("bazqux" == moved2);
+    }
+
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_find_or_map)
+{
+    using map_type = std::map<std::string, std::string>;
+    {
+        const toml::value v1{
+            {"key", {{"key", "value"}}}
+        };
+
+        const auto key  = toml::find_or(v1, "key",  map_type{});
+        const auto key2 = toml::find_or(v1, "key2", map_type{});
+
+        BOOST_TEST(!key.empty());
+        BOOST_TEST(key2.empty());
+
+        BOOST_TEST(key.size()    == 1u);
+        BOOST_TEST(key.at("key") == "value");
+    }
+    {
+        toml::value v1{
+            {"key", {{"key", "value"}}}
+        };
+
+        const auto key  = toml::find_or<map_type>(v1, "key",  map_type{});
+        const auto key2 = toml::find_or<map_type>(v1, "key2", map_type{});
+
+        BOOST_TEST(!key.empty());
+        BOOST_TEST(key2.empty());
+
+        BOOST_TEST(key.size()    == 1u);
+        BOOST_TEST(key.at("key") == "value");
+    }
+
+    {
+        toml::value v1{
+            {"key", {{"key", "value"}}}
+        };
+        toml::value v2(v1);
+
+        const auto key  = toml::find_or(std::move(v1), "key",  map_type{});
+        const auto key2 = toml::find_or(std::move(v2), "key2", map_type{});
+
+        BOOST_TEST(!key.empty());
+        BOOST_TEST(key2.empty());
+
+        BOOST_TEST(key.size()    == 1u);
+        BOOST_TEST(key.at("key") == "value");
+    }
+    {
+        toml::value v1{
+            {"key", {{"key", "value"}}}
+        };
+        toml::value v2(v1);
+
+        const auto key  = toml::find_or<map_type>(std::move(v1), "key",  map_type{});
+        const auto key2 = toml::find_or<map_type>(std::move(v2), "key2", map_type{});
+
+        BOOST_TEST(!key.empty());
+        BOOST_TEST(key2.empty());
+
+        BOOST_TEST(key.size()    == 1u);
+        BOOST_TEST(key.at("key") == "value");
+    }
+}

tests/test_format_error.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+#define BOOST_TEST_MODULE "test_format_error"
+#ifdef UNITTEST_FRAMEWORK_LIBRARY_EXIST
+#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
+#else
+#define BOOST_TEST_NO_LIB
+#include <boost/test/included/unit_test.hpp>
+#endif
+#include <toml.hpp>
+#include <iostream>
+
+// to check it successfully compiles. it does not check the formatted string.
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_1_value)
+{
+    toml::value val(42);
+
+    {
+        const std::string pretty_error =
+            toml::format_error("[error] test error", val, "this is a value");
+        std::cout << pretty_error << std::endl;
+    }
+
+    {
+        const std::string pretty_error =
+            toml::format_error("[error] test error", val, "this is a value",
+                               {"this is a hint"});
+        std::cout << pretty_error << std::endl;
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_2_values)
+{
+    toml::value v1(42);
+    toml::value v2(3.14);
+    {
+        const std::string pretty_error =
+            toml::format_error("[error] test error with two values",
+                               v1, "this is the answer",
+                               v2, "this is the pi");
+        std::cout << pretty_error << std::endl;
+    }
+
+    {
+        const std::string pretty_error =
+            toml::format_error("[error] test error with two values",
+                               v1, "this is the answer",
+                               v2, "this is the pi",
+                               {"hint"});
+        std::cout << pretty_error << std::endl;
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_3_values)
+{
+    toml::value v1(42);
+    toml::value v2(3.14);
+    toml::value v3("foo");
+    {
+        const std::string pretty_error =
+            toml::format_error("[error] test error with two values",
+                               v1, "this is the answer",
+                               v2, "this is the pi",
+                               v3, "this is a meta-syntactic variable");
+        std::cout << pretty_error << std::endl;
+    }
+
+    {
+        const std::string pretty_error =
+            toml::format_error("[error] test error with two values",
+                               v1, "this is the answer",
+                               v2, "this is the pi",
+                               v3, "this is a meta-syntactic variable",
+                               {"hint 1", "hint 2"});
+        std::cout << pretty_error << std::endl;
+    }
+}

tests/test_from_toml.cpp

@@ -1,172 +0,0 @@
-#define BOOST_TEST_MODULE "test_from_toml"
-#ifdef UNITTEST_FRAMEWORK_LIBRARY_EXIST
-#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
-#else
-#define BOOST_TEST_NO_LIB
-#include <boost/test/included/unit_test.hpp>
-#endif
-#include <toml.hpp>
-#include <map>
-#include <unordered_map>
-#include <list>
-#include <deque>
-#include <array>
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_from_toml_exact)
-{
-    toml::Boolean  b(true);
-    toml::Integer  i(42);
-    toml::Float    f(3.14);
-    toml::String   s("hoge");
-    toml::Datetime d(std::chrono::system_clock::now());
-    toml::Array    a;
-    a.emplace_back(2);
-    a.emplace_back(7);
-    a.emplace_back(1);
-    a.emplace_back(8);
-    a.emplace_back(2);
-    toml::Table    t;
-    t.emplace("val1", true);
-    t.emplace("val2", 42);
-    t.emplace("val3", 3.14);
-    t.emplace("val4", "piyo");
-
-    toml::value v1(b);
-    toml::value v2(i);
-    toml::value v3(f);
-    toml::value v4(s);
-    toml::value v5(d);
-    toml::value v6(a);
-    toml::value v7(t);
-
-    toml::Boolean  u1;
-    toml::Integer  u2;
-    toml::Float    u3;
-    toml::String   u4;
-    toml::Datetime u5;
-    toml::Array    u6;
-    toml::Table    u7;
-
-    toml::from_toml(u1, v1);
-    toml::from_toml(u2, v2);
-    toml::from_toml(u3, v3);
-    toml::from_toml(u4, v4);
-    toml::from_toml(u5, v5);
-    toml::from_toml(u6, v6);
-    toml::from_toml(u7, v7);
-
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u1, b);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u2, i);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u3, f);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u4, s);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u6.at(0).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), a.at(0).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>());
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u6.at(1).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), a.at(1).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>());
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u6.at(2).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), a.at(2).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>());
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u6.at(3).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), a.at(3).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>());
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u6.at(4).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), a.at(4).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>());
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u7.at("val1").cast<toml::value_t::Boolean>(), true);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u7.at("val2").cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), 42);
-    BOOST_CHECK_CLOSE_FRACTION(u7.at("val3").cast<toml::value_t::Float>(),3.14, 1e-3);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u7.at("val4").cast<toml::value_t::String>(),  "piyo");
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_from_toml_cast)
-{
-    toml::Integer  i(42);
-    toml::Float    f(3.14);
-    toml::Array    a{2, 7, 1, 8, 2};
-    toml::Table    t{{"val1", true}, {"val2", 42}, {"val3", 3.14}, {"val4", "piyo"}};
-
-    toml::value vi(i);
-    toml::value vf(f);
-    toml::value va(a);
-    toml::value vt(t);
-
-    int                     u1;
-    std::size_t             u2;
-    float                   u3;
-    std::list<int>          u4;
-    std::deque<std::size_t> u5;
-    std::array<long, 5>     u6;
-    std::map<std::string, toml::value> u7;
-
-    std::list<int>          expect_list{2,7,1,8,2};
-    std::deque<std::size_t> expect_deque{2,7,1,8,2};
-    std::array<long, 5>     expect_array{{2,7,1,8,2}};
-
-    toml::from_toml(u1, vi);
-    toml::from_toml(u2, vi);
-    toml::from_toml(u3, vf);
-    toml::from_toml(u4, va);
-    toml::from_toml(u5, va);
-    toml::from_toml(u6, va);
-    toml::from_toml(u7, vt);
-
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u1, 42);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u2, 42ul);
-    BOOST_CHECK_CLOSE_FRACTION(u3, 3.14, 1e-3);
-
-    const bool same_list  = (u4 == expect_list);
-    const bool same_deque = (u5 == expect_deque);
-    const bool same_array = (u6 == expect_array);
-    BOOST_CHECK(same_list);
-    BOOST_CHECK(same_deque);
-    BOOST_CHECK(same_array);
-
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u7["val1"].cast<toml::value_t::Boolean>(), true);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u7["val2"].cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), 42);
-    BOOST_CHECK_CLOSE_FRACTION(u7["val3"].cast<toml::value_t::Float>(), 3.14, 1e-3);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u7["val4"].cast<toml::value_t::String >(), "piyo");
-
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_from_toml_tie)
-{
-    toml::Boolean  b(42);
-    toml::Integer  i(42);
-    toml::Float    f(3.14);
-    toml::Array    a;
-    a.emplace_back(2);
-    a.emplace_back(7);
-    a.emplace_back(1);
-    a.emplace_back(8);
-    a.emplace_back(2);
-    toml::Table    t;
-    t.emplace("val1", true);
-    t.emplace("val2", 42);
-    t.emplace("val3", 3.14);
-    t.emplace("val4", "piyo");
-
-    toml::value vb(b);
-    toml::value vi(i);
-    toml::value vf(f);
-    toml::value va(a);
-    toml::value vt(t);
-
-    bool            ub;
-    int             ui;
-    float           uf;
-    std::deque<int> ua;
-    std::map<std::string, toml::value> ut;
-
-    toml::from_toml(std::tie(ub, ui, uf, ua, ut), vb);
-    toml::from_toml(std::tie(ub, ui, uf, ua, ut), vi);
-    toml::from_toml(std::tie(ub, ui, uf, ua, ut), vf);
-    toml::from_toml(std::tie(ub, ui, uf, ua, ut), va);
-    toml::from_toml(std::tie(ub, ui, uf, ua, ut), va);
-    toml::from_toml(std::tie(ub, ui, uf, ua, ut), vt);
-
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(ub, true);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(ui, 42);
-    BOOST_CHECK_CLOSE_FRACTION(uf, 3.14, 1e-3);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(ua.at(0), 2);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(ua.at(1), 7);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(ua.at(2), 1);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(ua.at(3), 8);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(ua.at(4), 2);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(ut["val1"].cast<toml::value_t::Boolean>(), true);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(ut["val2"].cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), 42);
-    BOOST_CHECK_CLOSE_FRACTION(ut["val3"].cast<toml::value_t::Float>(), 3.14, 1e-3);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(ut["val4"].cast<toml::value_t::String >(), "piyo");
-}
-

tests/test_get.cpp

@@ -11,102 +11,499 @@
 #include <list>
 #include <deque>
 #include <array>
+#include <tuple>
+#if __cplusplus >= 201703L
+#include <string_view>
+#endif
 
+using test_value_types = std::tuple<
+    toml::value,
+    toml::basic_value<toml::preserve_comments>,
+    toml::basic_value<toml::discard_comments,  std::map, std::deque>,
+    toml::basic_value<toml::preserve_comments, std::map, std::deque>
+>;
 
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_get_exact)
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(test_get_exact, value_type, test_value_types)
 {
-    toml::Boolean  b(true);
-    toml::Integer  i(42);
-    toml::Float    f(3.14);
-    toml::String   s("hoge");
-    toml::Array    a;
-    a.emplace_back(2);
-    a.emplace_back(7);
-    a.emplace_back(1);
-    a.emplace_back(8);
-    a.emplace_back(2);
-    toml::Table    t;
-    t.emplace("val1", true);
-    t.emplace("val2", 42);
-    t.emplace("val3", 3.14);
-    t.emplace("val4", "piyo");
+    {
+        value_type v(true);
+        BOOST_TEST(true == toml::get<toml::boolean>(v));
 
-    toml::value v1(b);
-    toml::value v2(i);
-    toml::value v3(f);
-    toml::value v4(s);
-    toml::value v6(a);
-    toml::value v7(t);
+        toml::get<toml::boolean>(v) = false;
+        BOOST_TEST(false == toml::get<toml::boolean>(v));
 
-    toml::Boolean  u1 = toml::get<toml::Boolean >(v1);
-    toml::Integer  u2 = toml::get<toml::Integer >(v2);
-    toml::Float    u3 = toml::get<toml::Float   >(v3);
-    toml::String   u4 = toml::get<toml::String  >(v4);
-    toml::Array    u6 = toml::get<toml::Array   >(v6);
-    toml::Table    u7 = toml::get<toml::Table   >(v7);
+        toml::boolean x = toml::get<toml::boolean>(std::move(v));
+        BOOST_TEST(false == x);
+    }
+    {
+        value_type v(42);
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::integer(42) == toml::get<toml::integer>(v));
 
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u1, b);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u2, i);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u3, f);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u4, s);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u6.at(0).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), a.at(0).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>());
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u6.at(1).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), a.at(1).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>());
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u6.at(2).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), a.at(2).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>());
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u6.at(3).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), a.at(3).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>());
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u6.at(4).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), a.at(4).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>());
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u7.at("val1").cast<toml::value_t::Boolean>(), true);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u7.at("val2").cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), 42);
-    BOOST_CHECK_CLOSE_FRACTION(u7.at("val3").cast<toml::value_t::Float>(),3.14, 1e-3);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u7.at("val4").cast<toml::value_t::String>(),  "piyo");
+        toml::get<toml::integer>(v) = 54;
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::integer(54) == toml::get<toml::integer>(v));
+
+        toml::integer x = toml::get<toml::integer>(std::move(v));
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::integer(54) == x);
+    }
+    {
+        value_type v(3.14);
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::floating(3.14) == toml::get<toml::floating>(v));
+
+        toml::get<toml::floating>(v) = 2.71;
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::floating(2.71) == toml::get<toml::floating>(v));
+
+        toml::floating x = toml::get<toml::floating>(std::move(v));
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::floating(2.71) == x);
+    }
+    {
+        value_type v("foo");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::string("foo", toml::string_t::basic) ==
+                          toml::get<toml::string>(v));
+
+        toml::get<toml::string>(v).str += "bar";
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::string("foobar", toml::string_t::basic) ==
+                          toml::get<toml::string>(v));
+
+        toml::string x = toml::get<toml::string>(std::move(v));
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::string("foobar") == x);
+    }
+    {
+        value_type v("foo", toml::string_t::literal);
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::string("foo", toml::string_t::literal) ==
+                          toml::get<toml::string>(v));
+
+        toml::get<toml::string>(v).str += "bar";
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::string("foobar", toml::string_t::literal) ==
+                          toml::get<toml::string>(v));
+
+        toml::string x = toml::get<toml::string>(std::move(v));
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::string("foobar", toml::string_t::literal) == x);
+    }
+    {
+        toml::local_date d(2018, toml::month_t::Apr, 22);
+        value_type v(d);
+        BOOST_TEST(d == toml::get<toml::local_date>(v));
+
+        toml::get<toml::local_date>(v).year = 2017;
+        d.year = 2017;
+        BOOST_TEST(d == toml::get<toml::local_date>(v));
+
+        toml::local_date x = toml::get<toml::local_date>(std::move(v));
+        BOOST_TEST(d == x);
+    }
+    {
+        toml::local_time t(12, 30, 45);
+        value_type v(t);
+        BOOST_TEST(t == toml::get<toml::local_time>(v));
+
+        toml::get<toml::local_time>(v).hour = 9;
+        t.hour = 9;
+        BOOST_TEST(t == toml::get<toml::local_time>(v));
+
+        toml::local_time x = toml::get<toml::local_time>(std::move(v));
+        BOOST_TEST(t == x);
+    }
+    {
+        toml::local_datetime dt(toml::local_date(2018, toml::month_t::Apr, 22),
+                                toml::local_time(12, 30, 45));
+        value_type v(dt);
+        BOOST_TEST(dt == toml::get<toml::local_datetime>(v));
+
+        toml::get<toml::local_datetime>(v).date.year = 2017;
+        dt.date.year = 2017;
+        BOOST_TEST(dt == toml::get<toml::local_datetime>(v));
+
+        toml::local_datetime x = toml::get<toml::local_datetime>(std::move(v));
+        BOOST_TEST(dt == x);
+    }
+    {
+        toml::offset_datetime dt(toml::local_datetime(
+                    toml::local_date(2018, toml::month_t::Apr, 22),
+                    toml::local_time(12, 30, 45)), toml::time_offset(9, 0));
+        value_type v(dt);
+        BOOST_TEST(dt == toml::get<toml::offset_datetime>(v));
+
+        toml::get<toml::offset_datetime>(v).date.year = 2017;
+        dt.date.year = 2017;
+        BOOST_TEST(dt == toml::get<toml::offset_datetime>(v));
+
+        toml::offset_datetime x = toml::get<toml::offset_datetime>(std::move(v));
+        BOOST_TEST(dt == x);
+    }
+    {
+        using array_type = typename value_type::array_type;
+        array_type vec;
+        vec.push_back(value_type(42));
+        vec.push_back(value_type(54));
+        value_type v(vec);
+        BOOST_TEST(vec == toml::get<array_type>(v));
+
+        toml::get<array_type>(v).push_back(value_type(123));
+        vec.push_back(value_type(123));
+        BOOST_TEST(vec == toml::get<array_type>(v));
+
+        array_type x = toml::get<array_type>(std::move(v));
+        BOOST_TEST(vec == x);
+    }
+    {
+        using table_type = typename value_type::table_type;
+        table_type tab;
+        tab["key1"] = value_type(42);
+        tab["key2"] = value_type(3.14);
+        value_type v(tab);
+        BOOST_TEST(tab == toml::get<table_type>(v));
+
+        toml::get<table_type>(v)["key3"] = value_type(123);
+        tab["key3"] = value_type(123);
+        BOOST_TEST(tab == toml::get<table_type>(v));
+
+        table_type x = toml::get<table_type>(std::move(v));
+        BOOST_TEST(tab == x);
+    }
+    {
+        value_type v1(42);
+        BOOST_TEST(v1 == toml::get<value_type>(v1));
+
+        value_type v2(54);
+        toml::get<value_type>(v1) = v2;
+        BOOST_TEST(v2 == toml::get<value_type>(v1));
+
+        value_type x = toml::get<value_type>(std::move(v1));
+        BOOST_TEST(v2 == x);
+    }
 }
 
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_get_cast)
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(test_get_integer_type, value_type, test_value_types)
 {
-    toml::Integer  i(42);
-    toml::Float    f(3.14);
-    toml::String   s("hoge");
-    toml::Datetime d(std::chrono::system_clock::now());
-    toml::Array    a;
-    a.emplace_back(2);
-    a.emplace_back(7);
-    a.emplace_back(1);
-    a.emplace_back(8);
-    a.emplace_back(2);
-    toml::Table    t;
-    t.emplace("val1", true);
-    t.emplace("val2", 42);
-    t.emplace("val3", 3.14);
-    t.emplace("val4", "piyo");
+    {
+        value_type v(42);
+        BOOST_TEST(int(42) ==           toml::get<int          >(v));
+        BOOST_TEST(short(42) ==         toml::get<short        >(v));
+        BOOST_TEST(char(42) ==          toml::get<char         >(v));
+        BOOST_TEST(unsigned(42) ==      toml::get<unsigned     >(v));
+        BOOST_TEST(long(42) ==          toml::get<long         >(v));
+        BOOST_TEST(std::int64_t(42) ==  toml::get<std::int64_t >(v));
+        BOOST_TEST(std::uint64_t(42) == toml::get<std::uint64_t>(v));
+        BOOST_TEST(std::int16_t(42) ==  toml::get<std::int16_t >(v));
+        BOOST_TEST(std::uint16_t(42) == toml::get<std::uint16_t>(v));
 
-    toml::value v2(i);
-    toml::value v3(f);
-    toml::value v4(s);
-    toml::value v5(d);
-    toml::value v6(a);
-    toml::value v7(t);
-
-    const auto u2 = toml::get<std::size_t>(v2);
-    const auto u3 = toml::get<float>(v3);
-    const auto u4 = toml::get<std::deque<int>>(v6);
-    const auto u5 = toml::get<std::list<int> >(v6);
-    const auto u6 = toml::get<std::array<int,5>>(v6);
-    std::map<std::string, toml::value> u7 = toml::get<std::map<std::string, toml::value>>(v7);
-
-    std::deque<int> r4{2,7,1,8,2};
-    std::list<int>  r5{2,7,1,8,2};
-    std::array<int, 5> r6{{2,7,1,8,2}};
-
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u2, 42ul);
-    BOOST_CHECK_CLOSE_FRACTION(u3, 3.14, 1e-3);
-    const bool dq = r4 == u4;
-    const bool ls = r5 == u5;
-    const bool ar = r6 == u6;
-    BOOST_CHECK(dq);
-    BOOST_CHECK(ls);
-    BOOST_CHECK(ar);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u7.at("val1").cast<toml::value_t::Boolean>(), true);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u7.at("val2").cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), 42);
-    BOOST_CHECK_CLOSE_FRACTION(u7.at("val3").cast<toml::value_t::Float>(),3.14, 1e-3);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u7.at("val4").cast<toml::value_t::String>(),  "piyo");
+        BOOST_TEST(std::uint16_t(42) == toml::get<std::uint16_t>(std::move(v)));
+    }
 }
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(test_get_floating_type, value_type, test_value_types)
+{
+    {
+        value_type v(3.14);
+        const double ref(3.14);
+        BOOST_TEST(static_cast<float      >(ref) == toml::get<float      >(v));
+        BOOST_TEST(                         ref  == toml::get<double     >(v));
+        BOOST_TEST(static_cast<long double>(ref) == toml::get<long double>(v));
+        BOOST_TEST(static_cast<float      >(ref) == toml::get<float>(std::move(v)));
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(test_get_string_type, value_type, test_value_types)
+{
+    {
+        value_type v("foo", toml::string_t::basic);
+        BOOST_TEST("foo" == toml::get<std::string>(v));
+        toml::get<std::string>(v) += "bar";
+        BOOST_TEST("foobar" == toml::get<std::string>(v));
+
+        const auto x = toml::get<std::string>(std::move(v));
+        BOOST_TEST("foobar" == x);
+    }
+    {
+        value_type v("foo", toml::string_t::literal);
+        BOOST_TEST("foo" == toml::get<std::string>(v));
+        toml::get<std::string>(v) += "bar";
+        BOOST_TEST("foobar" == toml::get<std::string>(v));
+
+        const auto x = toml::get<std::string>(std::move(v));
+        BOOST_TEST("foobar" == x);
+    }
+
+#if __cplusplus >= 201703L
+    {
+        value_type v("foo", toml::string_t::basic);
+        BOOST_TEST("foo" == toml::get<std::string_view>(v));
+    }
+    {
+        value_type v("foo", toml::string_t::literal);
+        BOOST_TEST("foo" == toml::get<std::string_view>(v));
+    }
+#endif
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(test_get_toml_array, value_type, test_value_types)
+{
+    {
+        const value_type v{42, 54, 69, 72};
+
+        const std::vector<int>         vec = toml::get<std::vector<int>>(v);
+        const std::list<short>         lst = toml::get<std::list<short>>(v);
+        const std::deque<std::int64_t> deq = toml::get<std::deque<std::int64_t>>(v);
+
+        BOOST_TEST(42 == vec.at(0));
+        BOOST_TEST(54 == vec.at(1));
+        BOOST_TEST(69 == vec.at(2));
+        BOOST_TEST(72 == vec.at(3));
+
+        std::list<short>::const_iterator iter = lst.begin();
+        BOOST_TEST(static_cast<short>(42) == *(iter++));
+        BOOST_TEST(static_cast<short>(54) == *(iter++));
+        BOOST_TEST(static_cast<short>(69) == *(iter++));
+        BOOST_TEST(static_cast<short>(72) == *(iter++));
+
+        BOOST_TEST(static_cast<std::int64_t>(42) == deq.at(0));
+        BOOST_TEST(static_cast<std::int64_t>(54) == deq.at(1));
+        BOOST_TEST(static_cast<std::int64_t>(69) == deq.at(2));
+        BOOST_TEST(static_cast<std::int64_t>(72) == deq.at(3));
+
+        std::array<int, 4> ary = toml::get<std::array<int, 4>>(v);
+        BOOST_TEST(42 == ary.at(0));
+        BOOST_TEST(54 == ary.at(1));
+        BOOST_TEST(69 == ary.at(2));
+        BOOST_TEST(72 == ary.at(3));
+
+        std::tuple<int, short, unsigned, long> tpl =
+            toml::get<std::tuple<int, short, unsigned, long>>(v);
+        BOOST_TEST(                      42  == std::get<0>(tpl));
+        BOOST_TEST(static_cast<short   >(54) == std::get<1>(tpl));
+        BOOST_TEST(static_cast<unsigned>(69) == std::get<2>(tpl));
+        BOOST_TEST(static_cast<long    >(72) == std::get<3>(tpl));
+
+        const value_type p{3.14, 2.71};
+        std::pair<double, double> pr = toml::get<std::pair<double, double> >(p);
+        BOOST_TEST(3.14 == pr.first);
+        BOOST_TEST(2.71 == pr.second);
+    }
+
+    {
+        value_type v{42, 54, 69, 72};
+        const std::vector<int> vec = toml::get<std::vector<int>>(std::move(v));
+        BOOST_TEST(42 == vec.at(0));
+        BOOST_TEST(54 == vec.at(1));
+        BOOST_TEST(69 == vec.at(2));
+        BOOST_TEST(72 == vec.at(3));
+    }
+    {
+        value_type v{42, 54, 69, 72};
+        const std::deque<int> deq = toml::get<std::deque<int>>(std::move(v));
+        BOOST_TEST(42 == deq.at(0));
+        BOOST_TEST(54 == deq.at(1));
+        BOOST_TEST(69 == deq.at(2));
+        BOOST_TEST(72 == deq.at(3));
+    }
+    {
+        value_type v{42, 54, 69, 72};
+        const std::list<int> lst = toml::get<std::list<int>>(std::move(v));
+        std::list<int>::const_iterator iter = lst.begin();
+        BOOST_TEST(42 == *(iter++));
+        BOOST_TEST(54 == *(iter++));
+        BOOST_TEST(69 == *(iter++));
+        BOOST_TEST(72 == *(iter++));
+    }
+    {
+        value_type v{42, 54, 69, 72};
+        std::array<int, 4> ary = toml::get<std::array<int, 4>>(std::move(v));
+        BOOST_TEST(42 == ary.at(0));
+        BOOST_TEST(54 == ary.at(1));
+        BOOST_TEST(69 == ary.at(2));
+        BOOST_TEST(72 == ary.at(3));
+    }
+    {
+        value_type v{42, 54, 69, 72};
+        std::tuple<int, short, unsigned, long> tpl =
+            toml::get<std::tuple<int, short, unsigned, long>>(std::move(v));
+        BOOST_TEST(                      42  == std::get<0>(tpl));
+        BOOST_TEST(static_cast<short   >(54) == std::get<1>(tpl));
+        BOOST_TEST(static_cast<unsigned>(69) == std::get<2>(tpl));
+        BOOST_TEST(static_cast<long    >(72) == std::get<3>(tpl));
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(test_get_toml_array_of_array, value_type, test_value_types)
+{
+    {
+        const value_type v1{42, 54, 69, 72};
+        const value_type v2{"foo", "bar", "baz"};
+        const value_type v{v1, v2};
+
+        std::pair<std::vector<int>, std::vector<std::string>> p =
+            toml::get<std::pair<std::vector<int>, std::vector<std::string>>>(v);
+
+        BOOST_TEST(p.first.size() == 4u);
+        BOOST_TEST(p.first.at(0) == 42);
+        BOOST_TEST(p.first.at(1) == 54);
+        BOOST_TEST(p.first.at(2) == 69);
+        BOOST_TEST(p.first.at(3) == 72);
+
+        BOOST_TEST(p.second.size() == 3u);
+        BOOST_TEST(p.second.at(0) == "foo");
+        BOOST_TEST(p.second.at(1) == "bar");
+        BOOST_TEST(p.second.at(2) == "baz");
+
+        std::tuple<std::vector<int>, std::vector<std::string>> t =
+            toml::get<std::tuple<std::vector<int>, std::vector<std::string>>>(v);
+
+        BOOST_TEST(std::get<0>(t).at(0) == 42);
+        BOOST_TEST(std::get<0>(t).at(1) == 54);
+        BOOST_TEST(std::get<0>(t).at(2) == 69);
+        BOOST_TEST(std::get<0>(t).at(3) == 72);
+
+        BOOST_TEST(std::get<1>(t).at(0) == "foo");
+        BOOST_TEST(std::get<1>(t).at(1) == "bar");
+        BOOST_TEST(std::get<1>(t).at(2) == "baz");
+    }
+    {
+        const value_type v1{42, 54, 69, 72};
+        const value_type v2{"foo", "bar", "baz"};
+        value_type v{v1, v2};
+
+        std::pair<std::vector<int>, std::vector<std::string>> p =
+            toml::get<std::pair<std::vector<int>, std::vector<std::string>>>(std::move(v));
+
+        BOOST_TEST(p.first.size() == 4u);
+        BOOST_TEST(p.first.at(0) == 42);
+        BOOST_TEST(p.first.at(1) == 54);
+        BOOST_TEST(p.first.at(2) == 69);
+        BOOST_TEST(p.first.at(3) == 72);
+
+        BOOST_TEST(p.second.size() == 3u);
+        BOOST_TEST(p.second.at(0) == "foo");
+        BOOST_TEST(p.second.at(1) == "bar");
+        BOOST_TEST(p.second.at(2) == "baz");
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(test_get_toml_table, value_type, test_value_types)
+{
+    {
+        const value_type v1{
+                {"key1", 1},
+                {"key2", 2},
+                {"key3", 3},
+                {"key4", 4}
+            };
+
+        const auto v = toml::get<std::map<std::string, int>>(v1);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.at("key1") == 1);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.at("key2") == 2);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.at("key3") == 3);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.at("key4") == 4);
+    }
+    {
+        value_type v1{
+                {"key1", 1},
+                {"key2", 2},
+                {"key3", 3},
+                {"key4", 4}
+            };
+        const auto v = toml::get<std::map<std::string, int>>(std::move(v1));
+        BOOST_TEST(v.at("key1") == 1);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.at("key2") == 2);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.at("key3") == 3);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.at("key4") == 4);
+    }
+
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(test_get_toml_local_date, value_type, test_value_types)
+{
+    value_type v1(toml::local_date{2018, toml::month_t::Apr, 1});
+    const auto date = std::chrono::system_clock::to_time_t(
+            toml::get<std::chrono::system_clock::time_point>(v1));
+
+    std::tm t;
+    t.tm_year = 2018 - 1900;
+    t.tm_mon  = 4    - 1;
+    t.tm_mday = 1;
+    t.tm_hour = 0;
+    t.tm_min  = 0;
+    t.tm_sec  = 0;
+    t.tm_isdst = -1;
+    const auto c = std::mktime(&t);
+    BOOST_TEST(c == date);
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(test_get_toml_local_time, value_type, test_value_types)
+{
+    value_type v1(toml::local_time{12, 30, 45});
+    const auto time = toml::get<std::chrono::seconds>(v1);
+    const bool result = time == std::chrono::hours(12)   +
+                                std::chrono::minutes(30) +
+                                std::chrono::seconds(45);
+    BOOST_TEST(result);
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(test_get_toml_local_datetime, value_type, test_value_types)
+{
+    value_type v1(toml::local_datetime(
+                toml::local_date{2018, toml::month_t::Apr, 1},
+                toml::local_time{12, 30, 45}));
+
+    const auto date = std::chrono::system_clock::to_time_t(
+            toml::get<std::chrono::system_clock::time_point>(v1));
+    std::tm t;
+    t.tm_year = 2018 - 1900;
+    t.tm_mon  = 4    - 1;
+    t.tm_mday = 1;
+    t.tm_hour = 12;
+    t.tm_min  = 30;
+    t.tm_sec  = 45;
+    t.tm_isdst = -1;
+    const auto c = std::mktime(&t);
+    BOOST_TEST(c == date);
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(test_get_toml_offset_datetime, value_type, test_value_types)
+{
+    {
+    value_type v1(toml::offset_datetime(
+                toml::local_date{2018, toml::month_t::Apr, 1},
+                toml::local_time{12, 30, 0},
+                toml::time_offset{9, 0}));
+    //    2018-04-01T12:30:00+09:00
+    // == 2018-04-01T03:30:00Z
+
+    const auto date = toml::get<std::chrono::system_clock::time_point>(v1);
+    const auto timet = std::chrono::system_clock::to_time_t(date);
+
+    // get time_t as gmtime (2018-04-01T03:30:00Z)
+    const auto tmp = std::gmtime(std::addressof(timet)); // XXX not threadsafe!
+    BOOST_TEST(tmp);
+    const auto tm = *tmp;
+    BOOST_TEST(tm.tm_year + 1900 == 2018);
+    BOOST_TEST(tm.tm_mon  + 1 ==       4);
+    BOOST_TEST(tm.tm_mday ==           1);
+    BOOST_TEST(tm.tm_hour ==           3);
+    BOOST_TEST(tm.tm_min ==           30);
+    BOOST_TEST(tm.tm_sec ==            0);
+    }
+
+    {
+    value_type v1(toml::offset_datetime(
+                toml::local_date{2018, toml::month_t::Apr, 1},
+                toml::local_time{12, 30, 0},
+                toml::time_offset{-8, 0}));
+    //    2018-04-01T12:30:00-08:00
+    // == 2018-04-01T20:30:00Z
+
+    const auto date = toml::get<std::chrono::system_clock::time_point>(v1);
+    const auto timet = std::chrono::system_clock::to_time_t(date);
+
+    // get time_t as gmtime (2018-04-01T03:30:00Z)
+    const auto tmp = std::gmtime(std::addressof(timet)); // XXX not threadsafe!
+    BOOST_TEST(tmp);
+    const auto tm = *tmp;
+    BOOST_TEST(tm.tm_year + 1900 == 2018);
+    BOOST_TEST(tm.tm_mon  + 1 ==       4);
+    BOOST_TEST(tm.tm_mday ==           1);
+    BOOST_TEST(tm.tm_hour ==          20);
+    BOOST_TEST(tm.tm_min ==           30);
+    BOOST_TEST(tm.tm_sec ==            0);
+    }
+}
+

tests/test_get_or.cpp

@@ -11,78 +11,442 @@
 #include <list>
 #include <deque>
 #include <array>
+#include <tuple>
+#if __cplusplus >= 201703L
+#include <string_view>
+#endif
 
+using test_value_types = std::tuple<
+    toml::value,
+    toml::basic_value<toml::preserve_comments>,
+    toml::basic_value<toml::discard_comments,  std::map, std::deque>,
+    toml::basic_value<toml::preserve_comments, std::map, std::deque>
+>;
 
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_get_or_exist)
+namespace test
 {
-    toml::Boolean  raw_v1(true);
-    toml::Integer  raw_v2(42);
-    toml::Float    raw_v3(3.14);
-    toml::String   raw_v4("hoge");
-    toml::Array    raw_v5{2,7,1,8,2};
-    toml::Table    raw_v6{{"key", 42}};
+// to compare result values in BOOST_TEST().
+//
+// BOOST_TEST outputs the expected and actual values. Thus it includes the
+// output stream operator inside. To compile it, we need operator<<s for
+// containers to compare.
+template<typename charT, typename traits, typename T, typename Alloc>
+std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
+operator<<(std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os, const std::vector<T, Alloc>& v)
+{
+    os << "[ ";
+    for(const auto& i : v) {os << i << ' ';}
+    os << ']';
+    return os;
+}
+template<typename charT, typename traits, typename T, typename Alloc>
+std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
+operator<<(std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os, const std::deque<T, Alloc>& v)
+{
+    os << "[ ";
+    for(const auto& i : v) {os << i << ' ';}
+    os << ']';
+    return os;
+}
+template<typename charT, typename traits, typename T, typename Alloc>
+std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
+operator<<(std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os, const std::list<T, Alloc>& v)
+{
+    os << "[ ";
+    for(const auto& i : v) {os << i << ' ';}
+    os << ']';
+    return os;
+}
+template<typename charT, typename traits,
+         typename Key, typename Value, typename Comp, typename Alloc>
+std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
+operator<<(std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os,
+           const std::map<Key, Value, Comp, Alloc>& v)
+{
+    os << "[ ";
+    for(const auto& i : v) {os << '{' << i.first << ", " << i.second << "} ";}
+    os << ']';
+    return os;
+}
+template<typename charT, typename traits,
+         typename Key, typename Value, typename Hash, typename Eq, typename Alloc>
+std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
+operator<<(std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os,
+           const std::unordered_map<Key, Value, Hash, Eq, Alloc>& v)
+{
+    os << "[ ";
+    for(const auto& i : v) {os << '{' << i.first << ", " << i.second << "} ";}
+    os << ']';
+    return os;
+}
+} // test
 
-    toml::value v1(raw_v1);
-    toml::value v2(raw_v2);
-    toml::value v3(raw_v3);
-    toml::value v4(raw_v4);
-    toml::value v5(raw_v5);
-    toml::value v6(raw_v6);
+#define TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_EXACT(toml_type, init_expr, opt_expr)\
+    {                                                           \
+        using namespace test;                                   \
+        const toml::toml_type init init_expr ;                  \
+        const toml::toml_type opt  opt_expr ;                   \
+        const value_type v(init);                               \
+        BOOST_TEST(init != opt);                                \
+        BOOST_TEST(init == toml::get_or(v, opt));               \
+    }                                                           \
+    /**/
 
-    toml::Table table{
-        {"value1", v1},
-        {"value2", v2},
-        {"value3", v3},
-        {"value4", v4},
-        {"value5", v5},
-        {"value6", v6}
-    };
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(test_get_or_exact, value_type, test_value_types)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_EXACT(boolean,         ( true), (false))
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_EXACT(integer,         (   42), (   54))
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_EXACT(floating,        ( 3.14), ( 2.71))
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_EXACT(string,          ("foo"), ("bar"))
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_EXACT(local_time,      (12, 30, 45), (6, 0, 30))
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_EXACT(local_date,      (2019, toml::month_t::Apr, 1),
+                                              (1999, toml::month_t::Jan, 2))
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_EXACT(local_datetime,
+            (toml::local_date(2019, toml::month_t::Apr, 1), toml::local_time(12, 30, 45)),
+            (toml::local_date(1999, toml::month_t::Jan, 2), toml::local_time( 6,  0, 30))
+            )
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_EXACT(offset_datetime,
+            (toml::local_date(2019, toml::month_t::Apr, 1), toml::local_time(12, 30, 45), toml::time_offset( 9, 0)),
+            (toml::local_date(1999, toml::month_t::Jan, 2), toml::local_time( 6,  0, 30), toml::time_offset(-3, 0))
+            )
+    {
+        const typename value_type::array_type init{1,2,3,4,5};
+        const typename value_type::array_type opt {6,7,8,9,10};
+        const value_type v(init);
+        BOOST_TEST(init != opt);
+        BOOST_TEST(init == toml::get_or(v, opt));
+    }
+    {
+        const typename value_type::table_type init{{"key1", 42}, {"key2", "foo"}};
+        const typename value_type::table_type opt {{"key1", 54}, {"key2", "bar"}};
+        const value_type v(init);
+        BOOST_TEST(init != opt);
+        BOOST_TEST(init == toml::get_or(v, opt));
+    }
+}
+#undef TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_EXACT
 
-    toml::Boolean u1 = toml::get_or(table, "value1", raw_v1);
-    toml::Integer u2 = toml::get_or(table, "value2", raw_v2);
-    toml::Float   u3 = toml::get_or(table, "value3", raw_v3);
-    toml::String  u4 = toml::get_or(table, "value4", raw_v4);
-    toml::Array   u5 = toml::get_or(table, "value5", raw_v5);
-    toml::Table   u6 = toml::get_or(table, "value6", raw_v6);
+#define TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_MOVE_EXACT(toml_type, init_expr, opt_expr)\
+    {                                                                \
+        using namespace test;                                        \
+        const toml::toml_type init init_expr ;                       \
+        toml::toml_type       opt  opt_expr ;                        \
+        value_type v(init);                                          \
+        BOOST_TEST(init != opt);                                     \
+        const auto opt_ = toml::get_or(std::move(v), std::move(opt));\
+        BOOST_TEST(init == opt_);                                    \
+    }                                                                \
+    /**/
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(test_get_or_move, value_type, test_value_types)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_MOVE_EXACT(boolean,         ( true), (false))
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_MOVE_EXACT(integer,         (   42), (   54))
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_MOVE_EXACT(floating,        ( 3.14), ( 2.71))
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_MOVE_EXACT(string,          ("foo"), ("bar"))
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_MOVE_EXACT(local_time,      (12, 30, 45), (6, 0, 30))
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_MOVE_EXACT(local_date,      (2019, toml::month_t::Apr, 1),
+                                                   (1999, toml::month_t::Jan, 2))
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_MOVE_EXACT(local_datetime,
+            (toml::local_date(2019, toml::month_t::Apr, 1), toml::local_time(12, 30, 45)),
+            (toml::local_date(1999, toml::month_t::Jan, 2), toml::local_time( 6,  0, 30))
+            )
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_MOVE_EXACT(offset_datetime,
+            (toml::local_date(2019, toml::month_t::Apr, 1), toml::local_time(12, 30, 45), toml::time_offset( 9, 0)),
+            (toml::local_date(1999, toml::month_t::Jan, 2), toml::local_time( 6,  0, 30), toml::time_offset(-3, 0))
+            )
+    {
+        const typename value_type::array_type init{1,2,3,4,5};
+        typename value_type::array_type opt {6,7,8,9,10};
+        value_type v(init);
+        BOOST_TEST(init != opt);
+        const auto opt_ = toml::get_or(std::move(v), std::move(opt));
+        BOOST_TEST(init == opt_);
+    }
+    {
+        const typename value_type::table_type init{{"key1", 42}, {"key2", "foo"}};
+        typename value_type::table_type opt {{"key1", 54}, {"key2", "bar"}};
+        value_type v(init);
+        BOOST_TEST(init != opt);
+        const auto opt_ = toml::get_or(std::move(v), std::move(opt));
+        BOOST_TEST(init == opt_);
+    }
+}
+#undef TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_MOVE_EXACT
+
+
+#define TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_MODIFY(toml_type, init_expr, opt_expr)\
+    {                                                            \
+        using namespace test;                                    \
+        const toml::toml_type init init_expr ;                   \
+        toml::toml_type       opt1 opt_expr ;                    \
+        toml::toml_type       opt2 opt_expr ;                    \
+        value_type v(init);                                      \
+        BOOST_TEST(init != opt1);                                \
+        toml::get_or(v, opt2) = opt1;                            \
+        BOOST_TEST(opt1 == toml::get<toml::toml_type>(v));       \
+    }                                                            \
+    /**/
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(test_get_or_modify, value_type, test_value_types)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_MODIFY(boolean,         ( true), (false))
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_MODIFY(integer,         (   42), (   54))
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_MODIFY(floating,        ( 3.14), ( 2.71))
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_MODIFY(string,          ("foo"), ("bar"))
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_MODIFY(local_time,      (12, 30, 45), (6, 0, 30))
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_MODIFY(local_date,      (2019, toml::month_t::Apr, 1),
+                                              (1999, toml::month_t::Jan, 2))
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_MODIFY(local_datetime,
+            (toml::local_date(2019, toml::month_t::Apr, 1), toml::local_time(12, 30, 45)),
+            (toml::local_date(1999, toml::month_t::Jan, 2), toml::local_time( 6,  0, 30))
+            )
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_MODIFY(offset_datetime,
+            (toml::local_date(2019, toml::month_t::Apr, 1), toml::local_time(12, 30, 45), toml::time_offset( 9, 0)),
+            (toml::local_date(1999, toml::month_t::Jan, 2), toml::local_time( 6,  0, 30), toml::time_offset(-3, 0))
+            )
+    {
+        typename value_type::array_type init{1,2,3,4,5};
+        typename value_type::array_type opt1{6,7,8,9,10};
+        typename value_type::array_type opt2{6,7,8,9,10};
+        BOOST_TEST(init != opt1);
+        value_type v(init);
+        toml::get_or(v, opt2) = opt1;
+        BOOST_TEST(opt1 == toml::get<typename value_type::array_type>(v));
+    }
+    {
+        typename value_type::table_type init{{"key1", 42}, {"key2", "foo"}};
+        typename value_type::table_type opt1{{"key1", 54}, {"key2", "bar"}};
+        typename value_type::table_type opt2{{"key1", 54}, {"key2", "bar"}};
+        value_type v(init);
+        BOOST_TEST(init != opt1);
+        toml::get_or(v, opt2) = opt1;
+        BOOST_TEST(opt1 == toml::get<typename value_type::table_type>(v));
+    }
+}
+#undef TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_MODIFY
+
+#define TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(init_type, opt_type)  \
+    {                                                     \
+        using namespace test;                             \
+        value_type v(init_type);                          \
+        BOOST_TEST(opt_type == toml::get_or(v, opt_type));\
+    }                                                     \
+    /**/
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(test_get_or_fallback, value_type, test_value_types)
+{
+    const toml::boolean         boolean        (true);
+    const toml::integer         integer        (42);
+    const toml::floating        floating       (3.14);
+    const toml::string          string         ("foo");
+    const toml::local_time      local_time     (12, 30, 45);
+    const toml::local_date      local_date     (2019, toml::month_t::Apr, 1);
+    const toml::local_datetime  local_datetime (
+            toml::local_date(2019, toml::month_t::Apr, 1),
+            toml::local_time(12, 30, 45));
+    const toml::offset_datetime offset_datetime(
+            toml::local_date(2019, toml::month_t::Apr, 1),
+            toml::local_time(12, 30, 45), toml::time_offset( 9, 0));
+
+    using array_type = typename value_type::array_type;
+    using table_type = typename value_type::table_type;
+    const array_type array{1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+    const table_type table{{"key1", 42}, {"key2", "foo"}};
+
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(boolean, integer        );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(boolean, floating       );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(boolean, string         );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(boolean, local_time     );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(boolean, local_date     );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(boolean, local_datetime );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(boolean, offset_datetime);
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(boolean, array          );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(boolean, table          );
+
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(integer, boolean        );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(integer, floating       );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(integer, string         );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(integer, local_time     );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(integer, local_date     );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(integer, local_datetime );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(integer, offset_datetime);
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(integer, array          );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(integer, table          );
+
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(floating, boolean        );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(floating, integer        );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(floating, string         );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(floating, local_time     );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(floating, local_date     );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(floating, local_datetime );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(floating, offset_datetime);
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(floating, array          );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(floating, table          );
+
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(string, boolean        );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(string, integer        );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(string, floating       );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(string, local_time     );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(string, local_date     );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(string, local_datetime );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(string, offset_datetime);
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(string, array          );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(string, table          );
+
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(local_time, boolean        );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(local_time, integer        );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(local_time, floating       );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(local_time, string         );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(local_time, local_date     );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(local_time, local_datetime );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(local_time, offset_datetime);
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(local_time, array          );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(local_time, table          );
+
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(local_date, boolean        );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(local_date, integer        );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(local_date, floating       );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(local_date, string         );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(local_date, local_time     );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(local_date, local_datetime );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(local_date, offset_datetime);
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(local_date, array          );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(local_date, table          );
+
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(local_datetime, boolean        );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(local_datetime, integer        );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(local_datetime, floating       );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(local_datetime, string         );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(local_datetime, local_time     );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(local_datetime, local_date     );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(local_datetime, offset_datetime);
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(local_datetime, array          );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(local_datetime, table          );
+
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(offset_datetime, boolean        );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(offset_datetime, integer        );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(offset_datetime, floating       );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(offset_datetime, string         );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(offset_datetime, local_time     );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(offset_datetime, local_date     );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(offset_datetime, local_datetime );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(offset_datetime, array          );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(offset_datetime, table          );
+
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(array, boolean        );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(array, integer        );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(array, floating       );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(array, string         );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(array, local_time     );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(array, local_date     );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(array, local_datetime );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(array, offset_datetime);
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(array, table          );
+
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(table, boolean        );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(table, integer        );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(table, floating       );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(table, string         );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(table, local_time     );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(table, local_date     );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(table, local_datetime );
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(table, offset_datetime);
+    TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK(table, array          );
+}
+#undef TOML11_TEST_GET_OR_FALLBACK
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_get_or_integer)
+{
+    {
+        toml::value v1(42);
+        toml::value v2(3.14);
+        BOOST_TEST(42u == toml::get_or(v1, 0u));
+        BOOST_TEST(0u ==  toml::get_or(v2, 0u));
+    }
+    {
+        toml::value v1(42);
+        toml::value v2(3.14);
+        BOOST_TEST(42u == toml::get_or(std::move(v1), 0u));
+        BOOST_TEST(0u ==  toml::get_or(std::move(v2), 0u));
+    }
 
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u1, raw_v1);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u2, raw_v2);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u3, raw_v3);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u4, raw_v4);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u5.at(0).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), raw_v5.at(0).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>());
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u5.at(1).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), raw_v5.at(1).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>());
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u5.at(2).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), raw_v5.at(2).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>());
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u5.at(3).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), raw_v5.at(3).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>());
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u5.at(4).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), raw_v5.at(4).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>());
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u6.at("key").cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), 42);
 }
 
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_get_or_empty)
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_get_or_floating)
 {
-    toml::Boolean  raw_v1(true);
-    toml::Integer  raw_v2(42);
-    toml::Float    raw_v3(3.14);
-    toml::String   raw_v4("hoge");
-    toml::Array    raw_v5{2,7,1,8,2};
-    toml::Table    raw_v6{{"key", 42}};
-
-    toml::Table    table; // empty!
-
-    toml::Boolean  u1 = toml::get_or(table, std::string("value1"), raw_v1);
-    toml::Integer  u2 = toml::get_or(table, std::string("value2"), raw_v2);
-    toml::Float    u3 = toml::get_or(table, std::string("value3"), raw_v3);
-    toml::String   u4 = toml::get_or(table, std::string("value4"), raw_v4);
-    toml::Array    u5 = toml::get_or(table, std::string("value5"), raw_v5);
-    toml::Table    u6 = toml::get_or(table, std::string("value6"), raw_v6);
-
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u1, raw_v1);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u2, raw_v2);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u3, raw_v3);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u4, raw_v4);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u5.at(0).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), raw_v5.at(0).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>());
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u5.at(1).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), raw_v5.at(1).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>());
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u5.at(2).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), raw_v5.at(2).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>());
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u5.at(3).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), raw_v5.at(3).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>());
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u5.at(4).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), raw_v5.at(4).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>());
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(u6.at("key").cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), 42);
+    {
+        toml::value v1(42);
+        toml::value v2(3.14);
+        BOOST_TEST(2.71f == toml::get_or(v1, 2.71f));
+        BOOST_TEST(static_cast<float>(v2.as_floating()) == toml::get_or(v2, 2.71f));
+    }
+    {
+        toml::value v1(42);
+        toml::value v2(3.14);
+        BOOST_TEST(2.71f                    == toml::get_or(std::move(v1), 2.71f));
+        BOOST_TEST(static_cast<float>(3.14) == toml::get_or(std::move(v2), 2.71f));
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_get_or_string)
+{
+    {
+        toml::value v1("foobar");
+        toml::value v2(42);
+
+        std::string       s1("bazqux");
+        const std::string s2("bazqux");
+
+        BOOST_TEST("foobar" == toml::get_or(v1, s1));
+        BOOST_TEST("bazqux" == toml::get_or(v2, s1));
+
+        std::string& v1r = toml::get_or(v1, s1);
+        std::string& s1r = toml::get_or(v2, s1);
+
+        BOOST_TEST("foobar" == v1r);
+        BOOST_TEST("bazqux" == s1r);
+
+        BOOST_TEST("foobar" == toml::get_or(v1, s2));
+        BOOST_TEST("bazqux" == toml::get_or(v2, s2));
+
+        BOOST_TEST("foobar" == toml::get_or(v1, std::move(s1)));
+        BOOST_TEST("bazqux" == toml::get_or(v2, std::move(s1)));
+    }
+    {
+        toml::value v1("foobar");
+        toml::value v2(42);
+
+        std::string       s1("bazqux");
+        const std::string s2("bazqux");
+
+        BOOST_TEST("foobar" == toml::get_or(std::move(v1), s1));
+        BOOST_TEST("bazqux" == toml::get_or(std::move(v2), s1));
+    }
+    {
+        toml::value v1("foobar");
+        toml::value v2(42);
+
+        BOOST_TEST("foobar" == toml::get_or(v1, "bazqux"));
+        BOOST_TEST("bazqux" == toml::get_or(v2, "bazqux"));
+
+        const char* lit = "bazqux";
+        BOOST_TEST("foobar" == toml::get_or(v1, lit));
+        BOOST_TEST("bazqux" == toml::get_or(v2, lit));
+    }
+    {
+        toml::value v1("foobar");
+        toml::value v2(42);
+
+        BOOST_TEST("foobar" == toml::get_or(std::move(v1), "bazqux"));
+        BOOST_TEST("bazqux" == toml::get_or(std::move(v2), "bazqux"));
+    }
+    {
+        toml::value v1("foobar");
+        toml::value v2(42);
+
+        const char* lit = "bazqux";
+        BOOST_TEST("foobar" == toml::get_or(v1, lit));
+        BOOST_TEST("bazqux" == toml::get_or(v2, lit));
+    }
+
 }

tests/test_lex_aux.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#include <iostream>
+#include <iomanip>
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <toml/region.hpp>
+#include <toml/result.hpp>
+
+#define TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lxr, tkn, expct)                                \
+do {                                                                           \
+    const std::string token   (tkn);                                           \
+    const std::string expected(expct);                                         \
+    toml::detail::location<std::string> loc("test", token);                    \
+    const auto result = lxr::invoke(loc);                                      \
+    BOOST_TEST(result.is_ok());                                                \
+    if(result.is_ok()){                                                        \
+        const auto region = result.unwrap();                                   \
+        BOOST_TEST(region.str() == expected);                                  \
+        BOOST_TEST(region.str().size() == expected.size());                    \
+        BOOST_TEST(static_cast<std::size_t>(std::distance(                     \
+                        loc.begin(), loc.iter())) == region.size());           \
+    } else {                                                                   \
+        std::cerr << "lexer failed with input `";                              \
+        std::cerr << token << "`. expected `" << expected << "`\n";            \
+        std::cerr << "reason: " << result.unwrap_err() << '\n';                \
+    }                                                                          \
+} while(false);                                                                \
+/**/
+
+#define TOML11_TEST_LEX_REJECT(lxr, tkn)                                       \
+do {                                                                           \
+    const std::string token   (tkn);                                           \
+    toml::detail::location<std::string> loc("test", token);                    \
+    const auto result = lxr::invoke(loc);                                      \
+    BOOST_TEST(result.is_err());                                               \
+    const bool loc_same = (loc.begin() == loc.iter());                         \
+    BOOST_TEST(loc_same);                                                      \
+} while(false); /**/

tests/test_lex_boolean.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#define BOOST_TEST_MODULE "test_lex_boolean"
+#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
+#include <toml/lexer.hpp>
+#include "test_lex_aux.hpp"
+
+using namespace toml;
+using namespace detail;
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_correct)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_boolean, "true", "true");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_boolean, "false", "false");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_boolean, "true  # trailing", "true");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_boolean, "false # trailing", "false");
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_invalid)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_REJECT(lex_boolean, "TRUE");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_REJECT(lex_boolean, "FALSE");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_REJECT(lex_boolean, "True");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_REJECT(lex_boolean, "False");
+}

tests/test_lex_datetime.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+#define BOOST_TEST_MODULE "test_lex_datetime"
+#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
+#include <toml/lexer.hpp>
+#include "test_lex_aux.hpp"
+
+using namespace toml;
+using namespace detail;
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_offset_datetime)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_offset_date_time,
+            "1979-05-27T07:32:00Z",
+            "1979-05-27T07:32:00Z");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_offset_date_time,
+            "1979-05-27T07:32:00-07:00",
+            "1979-05-27T07:32:00-07:00");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_offset_date_time,
+            "1979-05-27T07:32:00.999999-07:00",
+            "1979-05-27T07:32:00.999999-07:00");
+
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_offset_date_time,
+            "1979-05-27 07:32:00Z",
+            "1979-05-27 07:32:00Z");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_offset_date_time,
+            "1979-05-27 07:32:00-07:00",
+            "1979-05-27 07:32:00-07:00");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_offset_date_time,
+            "1979-05-27 07:32:00.999999-07:00",
+            "1979-05-27 07:32:00.999999-07:00");
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_local_datetime)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_local_date_time,
+            "1979-05-27T07:32:00",
+            "1979-05-27T07:32:00");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_local_date_time,
+            "1979-05-27T07:32:00.999999",
+            "1979-05-27T07:32:00.999999");
+
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_local_date_time,
+            "1979-05-27 07:32:00",
+            "1979-05-27 07:32:00");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_local_date_time,
+            "1979-05-27 07:32:00.999999",
+            "1979-05-27 07:32:00.999999");
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_local_date)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_local_date, "1979-05-27", "1979-05-27");
+}
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_local_time)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_local_time, "07:32:00", "07:32:00");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_local_time, "07:32:00.999999", "07:32:00.999999");
+}

tests/test_lex_floating.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+#define BOOST_TEST_MODULE "test_lex_floating"
+#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
+#include <toml/lexer.hpp>
+#include <limits>
+#include "test_lex_aux.hpp"
+
+using namespace toml;
+using namespace detail;
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_fractional_valid)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "1.0",               "1.0"              );
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "0.1",               "0.1"              );
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "0.001",             "0.001"            );
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "0.100",             "0.100"            );
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "+3.14",             "+3.14"            );
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "-3.14",             "-3.14"            );
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "3.1415_9265_3589",  "3.1415_9265_3589" );
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "+3.1415_9265_3589", "+3.1415_9265_3589");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "-3.1415_9265_3589", "-3.1415_9265_3589");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "123_456.789",       "123_456.789"      );
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "+123_456.789",      "+123_456.789"     );
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "-123_456.789",      "-123_456.789"     );
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_fractional_invalid)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_REJECT(lex_float, "0.");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_REJECT(lex_float, ".0");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_REJECT(lex_float, "01.0");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_REJECT(lex_float, "3,14");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_REJECT(lex_float, "+-1.0");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_REJECT(lex_float, "1._0");
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_exponential_valid)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "1e10",       "1e10");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "1e+10",      "1e+10");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "1e-10",      "1e-10");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "+1e10",      "+1e10");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "+1e+10",     "+1e+10");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "+1e-10",     "+1e-10");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "-1e10",      "-1e10");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "-1e+10",     "-1e+10");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "-1e-10",     "-1e-10");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "123e-10",    "123e-10");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "1E10",       "1E10");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "1E+10",      "1E+10");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "1E-10",      "1E-10");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "123E-10",    "123E-10");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "1_2_3E-10",  "1_2_3E-10");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "1_2_3E-1_0", "1_2_3E-1_0");
+
+#ifdef TOML11_USE_UNRELEASED_TOML_FEATURES
+    BOOST_TEST_MESSAGE("testing an unreleased toml feature: leading zeroes in float exponent part");
+    // toml-lang/toml master permits leading 0s in exp part (unreleased)
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "1_2_3E-01",  "1_2_3E-01");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "1_2_3E-0_1", "1_2_3E-0_1");
+#endif
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_exponential_invalid)
+{
+    // accept partially
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "1e1E0", "1e1");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "1E1e0", "1E1");
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_both_valid)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "6.02e23",          "6.02e23");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "6.02e+23",         "6.02e+23");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "1.112_650_06e-17", "1.112_650_06e-17");
+
+#ifdef TOML11_USE_UNRELEASED_TOML_FEATURES
+    BOOST_TEST_MESSAGE("testing an unreleased toml feature: leading zeroes in float exponent part");
+    // toml-lang/toml master permits leading 0s in exp part (unreleased)
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "1.0e-07",          "1.0e-07");
+#endif
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_both_invalid)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_REJECT(lex_float, "01e1.0");
+    // accept partially
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "1e1.0",  "1e1");
+
+#ifdef TOML11_USE_UNRELEASED_TOML_FEATURES
+    BOOST_TEST_MESSAGE("testing an unreleased toml feature: leading zeroes in float exponent part");
+    // toml-lang/toml master permits leading 0s in exp part (unreleased)
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "1.0e_01",  "1.0");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "1.0e0__1", "1.0e0");
+#endif
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_special_floating_point)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float,  "inf",  "inf");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "+inf", "+inf");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "-inf", "-inf");
+
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float,  "nan",  "nan");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "+nan", "+nan");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_float, "-nan", "-nan");
+}

tests/test_lex_integer.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+#define BOOST_TEST_MODULE "test_lex_integer"
+#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
+#include <toml/lexer.hpp>
+#include "test_lex_aux.hpp"
+
+using namespace toml;
+using namespace detail;
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_decimal_correct)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "1234",        "1234"       );
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "+1234",       "+1234"      );
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "-1234",       "-1234"      );
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "0",           "0"          );
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "1_2_3_4",     "1_2_3_4"    );
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "+1_2_3_4",    "+1_2_3_4"   );
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "-1_2_3_4",    "-1_2_3_4"   );
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "123_456_789", "123_456_789");
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_decimal_invalid)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "123+45",  "123");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "123-45",  "123");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "01234",   "0");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "123__45", "123");
+
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_REJECT(lex_integer, "_1234");
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_hex_correct)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "0xDEADBEEF",  "0xDEADBEEF" );
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "0xdeadbeef",  "0xdeadbeef" );
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "0xDEADbeef",  "0xDEADbeef" );
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "0xDEAD_BEEF", "0xDEAD_BEEF");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "0xdead_beef", "0xdead_beef");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "0xdead_BEEF", "0xdead_BEEF");
+
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "0xFF",     "0xFF"    );
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "0x00FF",   "0x00FF"  );
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "0x0000FF", "0x0000FF");
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_hex_invalid)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "0xAPPLE",     "0xA");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "0xDEAD+BEEF", "0xDEAD");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "0xDEAD__BEEF", "0xDEAD");
+
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_REJECT(lex_hex_int, "0x_DEADBEEF");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_REJECT(lex_hex_int, "0x+DEADBEEF");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_REJECT(lex_hex_int, "-0xFF"      );
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_REJECT(lex_hex_int, "-0x00FF"    );
+
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "0x_DEADBEEF", "0" );
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "0x+DEADBEEF", "0" );
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "-0xFF"      , "-0" );
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "-0x00FF"    , "-0" );
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_oct_correct)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "0o777",    "0o777"  );
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "0o7_7_7",  "0o7_7_7");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "0o007",    "0o007"  );
+
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_oct_invalid)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "0o77+7", "0o77");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "0o1__0", "0o1");
+
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_REJECT(lex_oct_int, "0o800" );
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_REJECT(lex_oct_int, "-0o777");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_REJECT(lex_oct_int, "0o+777");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_REJECT(lex_oct_int, "0o_10" );
+
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "0o800",  "0");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "-0o777", "-0");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "0o+777", "0");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "0o_10",  "0");
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_bin_correct)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "0b10000",    "0b10000"   );
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "0b010000",   "0b010000"  );
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "0b01_00_00", "0b01_00_00");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_integer, "0b111111",   "0b111111"  );
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_bin_invalid)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_bin_int, "0b11__11", "0b11");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_bin_int, "0b11+11" , "0b11");
+
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_REJECT(lex_bin_int, "-0b10000");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_REJECT(lex_bin_int, "0b_1111" );
+}

tests/test_lex_key_comment.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#define BOOST_TEST_MODULE "lex_key_comment_test"
+#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
+#include <toml/lexer.hpp>
+#include "test_lex_aux.hpp"
+
+using namespace toml;
+using namespace detail;
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_bare_key)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_key, "barekey",  "barekey");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_key, "bare-key", "bare-key");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_key, "bare_key", "bare_key");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_key, "1234",     "1234");
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_quoted_key)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_key, "\"127.0.0.1\"", "\"127.0.0.1\"");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_key, "\"character encoding\"", "\"character encoding\"");
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_key, "\"\xCA\x8E\xC7\x9D\xCA\x9E\"",
+                                    "\"\xCA\x8E\xC7\x9D\xCA\x9E\"");
+#else
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_key, u8"\"ʎǝʞ\"", u8"\"ʎǝʞ\"");
+#endif
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_key, "'key2'", "'key2'");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_key, "'quoted \"value\"'", "'quoted \"value\"'");
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_dotted_key)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_key, "physical.color", "physical.color");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_key, "physical.shape", "physical.shape");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_key, "x.y", "x.y");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_key, "x . y", "x . y");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_key, "x.y.z", "x.y.z");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_key, "x. y .z", "x. y .z");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_key, "x .y. z", "x .y. z");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_key, "x . y . z", "x . y . z");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_key, "x.y.z.w", "x.y.z.w");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_key, "x. y .z. w", "x. y .z. w");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_key, "x . y . z . w", "x . y . z . w");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_key, "site.\"google.com\"", "site.\"google.com\"");
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_comment)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_comment, "#   hoge", "#   hoge");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_comment, "#   \n",   "#   ");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_comment, "#   \r\n", "#   ");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_comment, "# # \n",   "# # ");
+}

tests/test_lex_string.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+#define BOOST_TEST_MODULE "test_lex_string"
+#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
+#include <toml/lexer.hpp>
+#include "test_lex_aux.hpp"
+
+using namespace toml;
+using namespace detail;
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_string)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_string,
+            "\"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog\"",
+            "\"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog\"");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_string,
+            "\'The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog\'",
+            "\'The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog\'");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_ml_basic_string,
+            "\"\"\"The quick brown fox \\\njumps over the lazy dog\"\"\"",
+            "\"\"\"The quick brown fox \\\njumps over the lazy dog\"\"\"");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_ml_literal_string,
+            "'''The quick brown fox \njumps over the lazy dog'''",
+            "'''The quick brown fox \njumps over the lazy dog'''");
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_basic_string)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_string,
+            "\"GitHub Cofounder & CEO\\nLikes tater tots and beer.\"",
+            "\"GitHub Cofounder & CEO\\nLikes tater tots and beer.\"");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_string,
+            "\"192.168.1.1\"",
+            "\"192.168.1.1\"");
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_string,
+            "\"\xE4\xB8\xAD\xE5\x9B\xBD\"",
+            "\"\xE4\xB8\xAD\xE5\x9B\xBD\"");
+#else
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_string,
+            u8"\"中国\"",
+            u8"\"中国\"");
+#endif
+
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_string,
+            "\"You'll hate me after this - #\"",
+            "\"You'll hate me after this - #\"");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_string,
+            "\" And when \\\"'s are in the string, along with # \\\"\"",
+            "\" And when \\\"'s are in the string, along with # \\\"\"");
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_ml_basic_string)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_string,
+        "\"\"\"\nThe quick brown \\\n\n  fox jumps over \\\n  the lazy dog.\"\"\"",
+        "\"\"\"\nThe quick brown \\\n\n  fox jumps over \\\n  the lazy dog.\"\"\"");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_string,
+        "\"\"\"\\\n  The quick brown \\\n\n  fox jumps over \\\n  the lazy dog.\\\n  \"\"\"",
+        "\"\"\"\\\n  The quick brown \\\n\n  fox jumps over \\\n  the lazy dog.\\\n  \"\"\"");
+
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_string,
+        "\"\"\"Here are two quotation marks: \"\". Simple enough.\"\"\"",
+        "\"\"\"Here are two quotation marks: \"\". Simple enough.\"\"\"");
+
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_string,
+        "\"\"\"Here are three quotation marks: \"\"\\\".\"\"\"",
+        "\"\"\"Here are three quotation marks: \"\"\\\".\"\"\"");
+
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_string,
+        "\"\"\"Here are fifteen quotation marks: \"\"\\\"\"\"\\\"\"\"\\\"\"\"\\\"\"\"\\\".\"\"\"",
+        "\"\"\"Here are fifteen quotation marks: \"\"\\\"\"\"\\\"\"\"\\\"\"\"\\\"\"\"\\\".\"\"\"");
+
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_string,
+        "\"\"\"\"This,\" she said, \"is just a pointless statement.\"\"\"\"",
+        "\"\"\"\"This,\" she said, \"is just a pointless statement.\"\"\"\"");
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_literal_string)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_string,
+        "'C:\\Users\\nodejs\\templates'",
+        "'C:\\Users\\nodejs\\templates'");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_string,
+        "'\\\\ServerX\\admin$\\system32\\'",
+        "'\\\\ServerX\\admin$\\system32\\'");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_string,
+        "'Tom \"Dubs\" Preston-Werner'",
+        "'Tom \"Dubs\" Preston-Werner'");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_string,
+        "'<\\i\\c*\\s*>'",
+        "'<\\i\\c*\\s*>'");
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_ml_literal_string)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_string,
+        "'''I [dw]on't need \\d{2} apples'''",
+        "'''I [dw]on't need \\d{2} apples'''");
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_string,
+        "'''\nThe first newline is\ntrimmed in raw strings.\n   All other whitespace\n   is preserved.\n'''",
+        "'''\nThe first newline is\ntrimmed in raw strings.\n   All other whitespace\n   is preserved.\n'''");
+
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_string,
+        "''''That's still pointless', she said.'''",
+        "''''That's still pointless', she said.'''");
+
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_string,
+        "'''Here are fifteen quotation marks: \"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\".'''",
+        "'''Here are fifteen quotation marks: \"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\".'''");
+
+    TOML11_TEST_LEX_ACCEPT(lex_string,
+        "''''This,' she said, 'is just a pointless statement.''''",
+        "''''This,' she said, 'is just a pointless statement.''''");
+}

tests/test_literals.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+#define BOOST_TEST_MODULE "test_literals"
+#ifdef UNITTEST_FRAMEWORK_LIBRARY_EXIST
+#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
+#else
+#define BOOST_TEST_NO_LIB
+#include <boost/test/included/unit_test.hpp>
+#endif
+#include <toml.hpp>
+#include <map>
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_file_as_literal)
+{
+    using namespace toml::literals::toml_literals;
+
+    {
+        const toml::value r{{"a", 42}, {"b", "baz"}};
+        const toml::value v = u8R"(
+            a = 42
+            b = "baz"
+        )"_toml;
+
+        BOOST_TEST(r == v);
+    }
+    {
+        const toml::value r{
+            {"c", 3.14},
+            {"table", toml::table{{"a", 42}, {"b", "baz"}}}
+        };
+        const toml::value v = u8R"(
+            c = 3.14
+            [table]
+            a = 42
+            b = "baz"
+        )"_toml;
+
+        BOOST_TEST(r == v);
+    }
+    {
+        const toml::value r{
+            {"table", toml::table{{"a", 42}, {"b", "baz"}}}
+        };
+        const toml::value v = u8R"(
+            [table]
+            a = 42
+            b = "baz"
+        )"_toml;
+
+        BOOST_TEST(r == v);
+    }
+    {
+        const toml::value r{
+            {"array_of_tables", toml::array{toml::table{}}}
+        };
+        const toml::value v = u8R"(
+            [[array_of_tables]]
+        )"_toml;
+
+        BOOST_TEST(r == v);
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_value_as_literal)
+{
+    using namespace toml::literals::toml_literals;
+
+    {
+        const toml::value v1 = u8"true"_toml;
+        const toml::value v2 = u8"false"_toml;
+
+        BOOST_TEST(v1.is_boolean());
+        BOOST_TEST(v2.is_boolean());
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<bool>(v1));
+        BOOST_TEST(!toml::get<bool>(v2));
+    }
+    {
+        const toml::value v1 = u8"123_456"_toml;
+        const toml::value v2 = u8"0b0010"_toml;
+        const toml::value v3 = u8"0xDEADBEEF"_toml;
+
+        BOOST_TEST(v1.is_integer());
+        BOOST_TEST(v2.is_integer());
+        BOOST_TEST(v3.is_integer());
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<toml::integer>(v1) == 123456);
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<toml::integer>(v2) == 2);
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<toml::integer>(v3) == 0xDEADBEEF);
+    }
+    {
+        const toml::value v1 = u8"3.1415"_toml;
+        const toml::value v2 = u8"6.02e+23"_toml;
+
+        BOOST_TEST(v1.is_floating());
+        BOOST_TEST(v2.is_floating());
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<double>(v1) == 3.1415,  boost::test_tools::tolerance(0.00001));
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<double>(v2) == 6.02e23, boost::test_tools::tolerance(0.0001));
+    }
+    {
+        const toml::value v1 = u8R"("foo")"_toml;
+        const toml::value v2 = u8R"('foo')"_toml;
+        const toml::value v3 = u8R"("""foo""")"_toml;
+        const toml::value v4 = u8R"('''foo''')"_toml;
+
+        BOOST_TEST(v1.is_string());
+        BOOST_TEST(v2.is_string());
+        BOOST_TEST(v3.is_string());
+        BOOST_TEST(v4.is_string());
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::string>(v1) == "foo");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::string>(v2) == "foo");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::string>(v3) == "foo");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::string>(v4) == "foo");
+    }
+    {
+        {
+            const toml::value v1 = u8R"([1,2,3])"_toml;
+            BOOST_TEST(v1.is_array());
+            const bool result = (toml::get<std::vector<int>>(v1) == std::vector<int>{1,2,3});
+            BOOST_TEST(result);
+        }
+        {
+            const toml::value v2 = u8R"([1,])"_toml;
+            BOOST_TEST(v2.is_array());
+            const bool result = (toml::get<std::vector<int>>(v2) == std::vector<int>{1});
+            BOOST_TEST(result);
+        }
+        {
+            const toml::value v3 = u8R"([[1,]])"_toml;
+            BOOST_TEST(v3.is_array());
+            const bool result = (toml::get<std::vector<int>>(toml::get<toml::array>(v3).front()) == std::vector<int>{1});
+            BOOST_TEST(result);
+        }
+        {
+            const toml::value v4 = u8R"([[1],])"_toml;
+            BOOST_TEST(v4.is_array());
+            const bool result = (toml::get<std::vector<int>>(toml::get<toml::array>(v4).front()) == std::vector<int>{1});
+            BOOST_TEST(result);
+        }
+    }
+    {
+        const toml::value v1 = u8R"({a = 42})"_toml;
+
+        BOOST_TEST(v1.is_table());
+        const bool result = toml::get<std::map<std::string,int>>(v1) ==
+                               std::map<std::string,int>{{"a", 42}};
+        BOOST_TEST(result);
+    }
+    {
+        const toml::value v1 = u8"1979-05-27"_toml;
+
+        BOOST_TEST(v1.is_local_date());
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<toml::local_date>(v1) ==
+                   toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27));
+    }
+    {
+        const toml::value v1 = u8"12:00:00"_toml;
+
+        BOOST_TEST(v1.is_local_time());
+        const bool result = toml::get<std::chrono::hours>(v1) == std::chrono::hours(12);
+        BOOST_TEST(result);
+    }
+    {
+        const toml::value v1 = u8"1979-05-27T07:32:00"_toml;
+        BOOST_TEST(v1.is_local_datetime());
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<toml::local_datetime>(v1) ==
+            toml::local_datetime(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27),
+                                 toml::local_time(7, 32, 0)));
+    }
+    {
+        const toml::value v1 = "1979-05-27T07:32:00Z"_toml;
+        BOOST_TEST(v1.is_offset_datetime());
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<toml::offset_datetime>(v1) ==
+            toml::offset_datetime(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27),
+                                  toml::local_time(7, 32, 0), toml::time_offset(0, 0)));
+    }
+}

tests/test_multiple_translation_unit_1.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#include <toml.hpp>
+
+int read_a(const toml::table&);
+
+int main()
+{
+    const std::string content("a = 0");
+    std::istringstream iss(content);
+    const auto data = toml::parse(iss, "test_multiple_translation_unit.toml");
+    return read_a(toml::get<toml::table>(data));
+}

tests/test_multiple_translation_unit_2.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#include <toml.hpp>
+
+int read_a(const toml::table& t)
+{
+    return toml::get<int>(t.at("a"));
+}

tests/test_parse_array.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+#define BOOST_TEST_MODULE "parse_array<toml::value>_test"
+#ifdef UNITTEST_FRAMEWORK_LIBRARY_EXIST
+#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
+#else
+#define BOOST_TEST_NO_LIB
+#include <boost/test/included/unit_test.hpp>
+#endif
+#include <toml/parser.hpp>
+#include "test_parse_aux.hpp"
+
+using namespace toml;
+using namespace detail;
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_oneline_array)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_array<toml::value>, "[]", array());
+    {
+        array a(5);
+        a[0] = toml::value(3); a[1] = toml::value(1); a[2] = toml::value(4);
+        a[3] = toml::value(1); a[4] = toml::value(5);
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_array<toml::value>, "[3,1,4,1,5]", a);
+    }
+    {
+        array a(3);
+        a[0] = toml::value("foo"); a[1] = toml::value("bar");
+        a[2] = toml::value("baz");
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_array<toml::value>, "[\"foo\", \"bar\",  \"baz\"]", a);
+    }
+    {
+        array a(5);
+        a[0] = toml::value(3); a[1] = toml::value(1); a[2] = toml::value(4);
+        a[3] = toml::value(1); a[4] = toml::value(5);
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_array<toml::value>, "[3,1,4,1,5,]", a);
+    }
+    {
+        array a(3);
+        a[0] = toml::value("foo"); a[1] = toml::value("bar");
+        a[2] = toml::value("baz");
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_array<toml::value>, "[\"foo\", \"bar\",  \"baz\",]", a);
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_oneline_array_value)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "[]", toml::value(array()));
+    {
+        array a(5);
+        a[0] = toml::value(3); a[1] = toml::value(1); a[2] = toml::value(4);
+        a[3] = toml::value(1); a[4] = toml::value(5);
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "[3,1,4,1,5]", toml::value(a));
+    }
+    {
+        array a(3);
+        a[0] = toml::value("foo"); a[1] = toml::value("bar");
+        a[2] = toml::value("baz");
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "[\"foo\", \"bar\",  \"baz\"]", toml::value(a));
+    }
+    {
+        array a(5);
+        a[0] = toml::value(3); a[1] = toml::value(1); a[2] = toml::value(4);
+        a[3] = toml::value(1); a[4] = toml::value(5);
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "[3,1,4,1,5,]", toml::value(a));
+    }
+    {
+        array a(3);
+        a[0] = toml::value("foo"); a[1] = toml::value("bar");
+        a[2] = toml::value("baz");
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "[\"foo\", \"bar\",  \"baz\",]", toml::value(a));
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_multiline_array)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_array<toml::value>, "[\n#comment\n]", array());
+    {
+        array a(5);
+        a[0] = toml::value(3); a[1] = toml::value(1); a[2] = toml::value(4);
+        a[3] = toml::value(1); a[4] = toml::value(5);
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_array<toml::value>, "[3,\n1,\n4,\n1,\n5]", a);
+    }
+    {
+        array a(3);
+        a[0] = toml::value("foo"); a[1] = toml::value("bar");
+        a[2] = toml::value("baz");
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_array<toml::value>, "[\"foo\",\n\"bar\",\n\"baz\"]", a);
+    }
+
+    {
+        array a(5);
+        a[0] = toml::value(3); a[1] = toml::value(1); a[2] = toml::value(4);
+        a[3] = toml::value(1); a[4] = toml::value(5);
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_array<toml::value>, "[3,#comment\n1,#comment\n4,#comment\n1,#comment\n5]", a);
+    }
+    {
+        array a(3);
+        a[0] = toml::value("foo"); a[1] = toml::value("b#r");
+        a[2] = toml::value("b#z");
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_array<toml::value>, "[\"foo\",#comment\n\"b#r\",#comment\n\"b#z\"#comment\n]", a);
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_multiline_array_value)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "[\n#comment\n]", toml::value(array()));
+    {
+        array a(5);
+        a[0] = toml::value(3); a[1] = toml::value(1); a[2] = toml::value(4);
+        a[3] = toml::value(1); a[4] = toml::value(5);
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "[3,\n1,\n4,\n1,\n5]", toml::value(a));
+    }
+    {
+        array a(3);
+        a[0] = toml::value("foo"); a[1] = toml::value("bar");
+        a[2] = toml::value("baz");
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "[\"foo\",\n\"bar\",\n\"baz\"]", toml::value(a));
+    }
+
+    {
+        array a(5);
+        a[0] = toml::value(3); a[1] = toml::value(1); a[2] = toml::value(4);
+        a[3] = toml::value(1); a[4] = toml::value(5);
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "[3,#comment\n1,#comment\n4,#comment\n1,#comment\n5]", toml::value(a));
+    }
+    {
+        array a(3);
+        a[0] = toml::value("foo"); a[1] = toml::value("b#r");
+        a[2] = toml::value("b#z");
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "[\"foo\",#comment\n\"b#r\",#comment\n\"b#z\"#comment\n]", toml::value(a));
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_heterogeneous_array)
+{
+#ifndef TOML11_USE_UNRELEASED_TOML_FEATURES
+    BOOST_TEST_MESSAGE("In strict TOML v0.5.0, heterogeneous arrays are not allowed.");
+#else
+    {
+        array a(5);
+        a[0] = toml::value("foo");
+        a[1] = toml::value(3.14);
+        a[2] = toml::value(42);
+        a[3] = toml::value{toml::value("array"), toml::value("of"), toml::value("hetero-array"), toml::value(1)};
+        a[4] = toml::value{{"key", "value"}};
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "[\"foo\", 3.14, 42, [\"array\", \"of\", \"hetero-array\", 1], {key = \"value\"}]", toml::value(a));
+    }
+    {
+        array a(5);
+        a[0] = toml::value("foo");
+        a[1] = toml::value(3.14);
+        a[2] = toml::value(42);
+        a[3] = toml::value{toml::value("array"), toml::value("of"), toml::value("hetero-array"), toml::value(1)};
+        a[4] = toml::value{{"key", "value"}};
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "[\"foo\",\n 3.14,\n 42,\n [\"array\", \"of\", \"hetero-array\", 1],\n {key = \"value\"},\n]", toml::value(a));
+    }
+    {
+        array a(5);
+        a[0] = toml::value("foo");
+        a[1] = toml::value(3.14);
+        a[2] = toml::value(42);
+        a[3] = toml::value{toml::value("array"), toml::value("of"), toml::value("hetero-array"), toml::value(1)};
+        a[4] = toml::value{{"key", "value"}};
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "[\"foo\",#comment\n 3.14,#comment\n 42,#comment\n [\"array\", \"of\", \"hetero-array\", 1],#comment\n {key = \"value\"},#comment\n]#comment", toml::value(a));
+    }
+    {
+        array a(5);
+        a[0] = toml::value("foo");
+        a[1] = toml::value(3.14);
+        a[2] = toml::value(42);
+        a[3] = toml::value{toml::value("array"), toml::value("of"), toml::value("hetero-array"), toml::value(1)};
+        a[4] = toml::value{{"key", "value"}};
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "[\"foo\",\n 3.14,\n 42,\n [\"array\",\n \"of\",\n \"hetero-array\",\n 1],\n {key = \"value\"},\n]", toml::value(a));
+    }
+#endif
+}

tests/test_parse_aux.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#include <iostream>
+#include <iomanip>
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <toml.hpp>
+
+// some of the parsers returns not only a value but also a region.
+#define TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(psr, tkn, expct)                               \
+do {                                                                           \
+    const std::string token(tkn);                                              \
+    toml::detail::location<std::string> loc("test", token);                    \
+    const auto result = psr(loc);                                              \
+    BOOST_TEST(result.is_ok());                                                \
+    if(result.is_ok()){                                                        \
+        BOOST_TEST(result.unwrap().first == expct);                            \
+    } else {                                                                   \
+        std::cerr << "parser " << #psr << " failed with input `";              \
+        std::cerr << token << "`.\n";                                          \
+        std::cerr << "reason: " << result.unwrap_err() << '\n';                \
+    }                                                                          \
+} while(false);                                                                \
+/**/
+
+#define TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(psr, tkn, expct)                         \
+do {                                                                           \
+    const std::string token(tkn);                                              \
+    toml::detail::location<std::string> loc("test", token);                    \
+    const auto result = psr(loc);                                              \
+    BOOST_TEST(result.is_ok());                                                \
+    if(result.is_ok()){                                                        \
+        BOOST_TEST(result.unwrap() == expct);                                  \
+    } else {                                                                   \
+        std::cerr << "parse_value failed with input `";                        \
+        std::cerr << token << "`.\n";                                          \
+        std::cerr << "reason: " << result.unwrap_err() << '\n';                \
+    }                                                                          \
+} while(false);                                                                \
+/**/

tests/test_parse_boolean.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#define BOOST_TEST_MODULE "test_parse_boolean"
+#ifdef UNITTEST_FRAMEWORK_LIBRARY_EXIST
+#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
+#else
+#define BOOST_TEST_NO_LIB
+#include <boost/test/included/unit_test.hpp>
+#endif
+#include <toml/parser.hpp>
+#include "test_parse_aux.hpp"
+
+using namespace toml;
+using namespace detail;
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_boolean)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_boolean,  "true",  true);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_boolean, "false", false);
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_boolean_value)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>,  "true", toml::value( true));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "false", toml::value(false));
+}

tests/test_parse_datetime.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+#define BOOST_TEST_MODULE "parse_datetime_test"
+#ifdef UNITTEST_FRAMEWORK_LIBRARY_EXIST
+#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
+#else
+#define BOOST_TEST_NO_LIB
+#include <boost/test/included/unit_test.hpp>
+#endif
+#include <toml/parser.hpp>
+#include "test_parse_aux.hpp"
+
+using namespace toml;
+using namespace detail;
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_time)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_local_time, "07:32:00",        toml::local_time(7, 32, 0));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_local_time, "07:32:00.99",     toml::local_time(7, 32, 0, 990, 0));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_local_time, "07:32:00.999",    toml::local_time(7, 32, 0, 999, 0));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_local_time, "07:32:00.999999", toml::local_time(7, 32, 0, 999, 999));
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_time_value)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "07:32:00",        toml::value(toml::local_time(7, 32, 0)));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "07:32:00.99",     toml::value(toml::local_time(7, 32, 0, 990, 0)));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "07:32:00.999",    toml::value(toml::local_time(7, 32, 0, 999, 0)));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "07:32:00.999999", toml::value(toml::local_time(7, 32, 0, 999, 999)));
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_date)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_local_date,  "1979-05-27",
+                            toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27));
+}
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_date_value)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "1979-05-27",
+                            value(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27)));
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_datetime)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_local_datetime, "1979-05-27T07:32:00",
+        toml::local_datetime(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27), toml::local_time(7, 32, 0)));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_local_datetime, "1979-05-27T07:32:00.99",
+        toml::local_datetime(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27), toml::local_time(7, 32, 0, 990, 0)));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_local_datetime, "1979-05-27T07:32:00.999999",
+        toml::local_datetime(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27), toml::local_time(7, 32, 0, 999, 999)));
+
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_local_datetime, "1979-05-27t07:32:00",
+        toml::local_datetime(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27), toml::local_time(7, 32, 0)));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_local_datetime, "1979-05-27t07:32:00.99",
+        toml::local_datetime(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27), toml::local_time(7, 32, 0, 990, 0)));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_local_datetime, "1979-05-27t07:32:00.999999",
+        toml::local_datetime(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27), toml::local_time(7, 32, 0, 999, 999)));
+
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_local_datetime, "1979-05-27 07:32:00",
+        toml::local_datetime(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27), toml::local_time(7, 32, 0)));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_local_datetime, "1979-05-27 07:32:00.99",
+        toml::local_datetime(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27), toml::local_time(7, 32, 0, 990, 0)));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_local_datetime, "1979-05-27 07:32:00.999999",
+        toml::local_datetime(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27), toml::local_time(7, 32, 0, 999, 999)));
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_datetime_value)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "1979-05-27T07:32:00",
+        toml::value(toml::local_datetime(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27), toml::local_time(7, 32, 0))));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "1979-05-27T07:32:00.99",
+        toml::value(toml::local_datetime(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27), toml::local_time(7, 32, 0, 990, 0))));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "1979-05-27T07:32:00.999999",
+        toml::value(toml::local_datetime(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27), toml::local_time(7, 32, 0, 999, 999))));
+
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "1979-05-27t07:32:00",
+        toml::value(toml::local_datetime(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27), toml::local_time(7, 32, 0))));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "1979-05-27t07:32:00.99",
+        toml::value(toml::local_datetime(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27), toml::local_time(7, 32, 0, 990, 0))));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "1979-05-27t07:32:00.999999",
+        toml::value(toml::local_datetime(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27), toml::local_time(7, 32, 0, 999, 999))));
+
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "1979-05-27 07:32:00",
+        toml::value(toml::local_datetime(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27), toml::local_time(7, 32, 0))));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "1979-05-27 07:32:00.99",
+        toml::value(toml::local_datetime(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27), toml::local_time(7, 32, 0, 990, 0))));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "1979-05-27 07:32:00.999999",
+        toml::value(toml::local_datetime(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27), toml::local_time(7, 32, 0, 999, 999))));
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_offset_datetime)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_offset_datetime, "1979-05-27T07:32:00Z",
+        toml::offset_datetime(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27),
+                              toml::local_time(7, 32, 0), toml::time_offset(0, 0)));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_offset_datetime, "1979-05-27T07:32:00.99Z",
+        toml::offset_datetime(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27),
+                              toml::local_time(7, 32, 0, 990, 0), toml::time_offset(0, 0)));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_offset_datetime, "1979-05-27T07:32:00.999999Z",
+        toml::offset_datetime(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27),
+                              toml::local_time(7, 32, 0, 999, 999), toml::time_offset(0, 0)));
+
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_offset_datetime, "1979-05-27T07:32:00+09:00",
+        toml::offset_datetime(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27),
+                              toml::local_time(7, 32, 0), toml::time_offset(9, 0)));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_offset_datetime, "1979-05-27T07:32:00.99+09:00",
+        toml::offset_datetime(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27),
+                              toml::local_time(7, 32, 0, 990, 0), toml::time_offset(9, 0)));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_offset_datetime, "1979-05-27T07:32:00.999999+09:00",
+        toml::offset_datetime(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27),
+                              toml::local_time(7, 32, 0, 999, 999), toml::time_offset(9, 0)));
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_offset_datetime_value)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "1979-05-27T07:32:00Z",
+        toml::value(toml::offset_datetime(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27),
+                              toml::local_time(7, 32, 0), toml::time_offset(0, 0))));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "1979-05-27T07:32:00.99Z",
+        toml::value(toml::offset_datetime(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27),
+                              toml::local_time(7, 32, 0, 990, 0), toml::time_offset(0, 0))));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "1979-05-27T07:32:00.999999Z",
+        toml::value(toml::offset_datetime(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27),
+                              toml::local_time(7, 32, 0, 999, 999), toml::time_offset(0, 0))));
+
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "1979-05-27T07:32:00+09:00",
+        toml::value(toml::offset_datetime(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27),
+                              toml::local_time(7, 32, 0), toml::time_offset(9, 0))));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "1979-05-27T07:32:00.99+09:00",
+        toml::value(toml::offset_datetime(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27),
+                              toml::local_time(7, 32, 0, 990, 0), toml::time_offset(9, 0))));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "1979-05-27T07:32:00.999999+09:00",
+        toml::value(toml::offset_datetime(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27),
+                              toml::local_time(7, 32, 0, 999, 999), toml::time_offset(9, 0))));
+}

tests/test_parse_file.cpp

@@ -8,187 +8,884 @@
 #include <toml.hpp>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <fstream>
-
+#include <map>
+#include <deque>
 
 BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_example)
 {
     const auto data = toml::parse("toml/tests/example.toml");
 
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(data.at("title")), "TOML Example");
-    toml::Table owner = toml::get<toml::Table>(data.at("owner"));
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(data, "title") == "TOML Example");
+    const auto& owner = toml::find(data, "owner");
     {
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(owner.at("name")), "Tom Preston-Werner");
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(owner.at("organization")), "GitHub");
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(owner.at("bio")),
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(owner, "name") == "Tom Preston-Werner");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(owner, "organization") == "GitHub");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(owner, "bio") ==
                           "GitHub Cofounder & CEO\nLikes tater tots and beer.");
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<toml::Datetime>(owner.at("dob")),
-                          toml::Datetime(1979, 5, 27, 7, 32, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0));
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<toml::offset_datetime>(owner, "dob") ==
+                          toml::offset_datetime(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27),
+                                                toml::local_time(7, 32, 0), toml::time_offset(0, 0)));
     }
 
-    toml::Table database = toml::get<toml::Table>(data.at("database"));
+    const auto& database = toml::find(data, "database");
     {
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(database.at("server")), "192.168.1.1");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(database, "server") == "192.168.1.1");
         const std::vector<int> expected_ports{8001, 8001, 8002};
-        BOOST_CHECK(toml::get<std::vector<int>>(database.at("ports")) == expected_ports);
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<int>(database.at("connection_max")), 5000);
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<bool>(database.at("enabled")), true);
+        BOOST_CHECK(toml::find<std::vector<int>>(database, "ports") == expected_ports);
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<int >(database, "connection_max") == 5000);
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<bool>(database, "enabled") == true);
     }
 
-    toml::Table servers = toml::get<toml::Table>(data.at("servers"));
+    const auto& servers = toml::find(data, "servers");
     {
-        toml::Table alpha = toml::get<toml::Table>(servers.at("alpha"));
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(alpha.at("ip")), "10.0.0.1");
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(alpha.at("dc")), "eqdc10");
+        toml::table alpha = toml::find<toml::table>(servers, "alpha");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::string>(alpha.at("ip")) == "10.0.0.1");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::string>(alpha.at("dc")) == "eqdc10");
 
-        toml::Table beta = toml::get<toml::Table>(servers.at("beta"));
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(beta.at("ip")), "10.0.0.2");
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(beta.at("dc")), "eqdc10");
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(beta.at("country")), "\xE4\xB8\xAD\xE5\x9B\xBD");
+        toml::table beta = toml::find<toml::table>(servers, "beta");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::string>(beta.at("ip")) == "10.0.0.2");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::string>(beta.at("dc")) == "eqdc10");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::string>(beta.at("country")) == "\xE4\xB8\xAD\xE5\x9B\xBD");
     }
 
-    toml::Table clients = toml::get<toml::Table>(data.at("clients"));
+    const auto& clients = toml::find(data, "clients");
     {
-        toml::Array clients_data = toml::get<toml::Array>(clients.at("data"));
+        toml::array clients_data = toml::find<toml::array>(clients, "data");
+
         std::vector<std::string> expected_name{"gamma", "delta"};
-        BOOST_CHECK(toml::get<std::vector<std::string>>(clients_data.at(0)) ==
-                    expected_name);
+        BOOST_CHECK(toml::get<std::vector<std::string>>(clients_data.at(0)) == expected_name);
+
         std::vector<int> expected_number{1, 2};
-        BOOST_CHECK(toml::get<std::vector<int>>(clients_data.at(1)) ==
-                    expected_number);
+        BOOST_CHECK(toml::get<std::vector<int>>(clients_data.at(1)) == expected_number);
+
         std::vector<std::string> expected_hosts{"alpha", "omega"};
-        BOOST_CHECK(toml::get<std::vector<std::string>>(clients.at("hosts")) ==
-                    expected_hosts);
+        BOOST_CHECK(toml::find<std::vector<std::string>>(clients, "hosts") == expected_hosts);
     }
 
-    std::vector<toml::Table> products =
-        toml::get<std::vector<toml::Table>>(data.at("products"));
+    std::vector<toml::table> products =
+        toml::find<std::vector<toml::table>>(data, "products");
     {
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(products.at(0).at("name")),
-                          "Hammer");
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::int64_t>(products.at(0).at("sku")),
-                          738594937);
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::string>(products.at(0).at("name")) == "Hammer");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::int64_t>(products.at(0).at("sku")) == 738594937);
 
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(products.at(1).at("name")),
-                          "Nail");
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::int64_t>(products.at(1).at("sku")),
-                          284758393);
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(products.at(1).at("color")),
-                          "gray");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::string>(products.at(1).at("name")) == "Nail");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::int64_t>(products.at(1).at("sku")) == 284758393);
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::string>(products.at(1).at("color")) == "gray");
     }
 }
 
 BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_example_stream)
 {
-    std::ifstream ifs("toml/tests/example.toml");
+    std::ifstream ifs("toml/tests/example.toml", std::ios::binary);
     const auto data = toml::parse(ifs);
 
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(data.at("title")), "TOML Example");
-    toml::Table owner = toml::get<toml::Table>(data.at("owner"));
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(data, "title") == "TOML Example");
+    const auto& owner = toml::find(data, "owner");
     {
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(owner.at("name")), "Tom Preston-Werner");
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(owner.at("organization")), "GitHub");
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(owner.at("bio")),
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(owner, "name") == "Tom Preston-Werner");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(owner, "organization") == "GitHub");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(owner, "bio") ==
                           "GitHub Cofounder & CEO\nLikes tater tots and beer.");
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<toml::Datetime>(owner.at("dob")),
-                          toml::Datetime(1979, 5, 27, 7, 32, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0));
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<toml::offset_datetime>(owner, "dob") ==
+                          toml::offset_datetime(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27),
+                                                toml::local_time(7, 32, 0), toml::time_offset(0, 0)));
     }
 
-    toml::Table database = toml::get<toml::Table>(data.at("database"));
+    const auto& database = toml::find(data, "database");
     {
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(database.at("server")), "192.168.1.1");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(database, "server") == "192.168.1.1");
         const std::vector<int> expected_ports{8001, 8001, 8002};
-        BOOST_CHECK(toml::get<std::vector<int>>(database.at("ports")) == expected_ports);
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<int>(database.at("connection_max")), 5000);
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<bool>(database.at("enabled")), true);
+        BOOST_CHECK(toml::find<std::vector<int>>(database, "ports") == expected_ports);
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<int >(database, "connection_max") == 5000);
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<bool>(database, "enabled") == true);
     }
 
-    toml::Table servers = toml::get<toml::Table>(data.at("servers"));
+    const auto& servers = toml::find(data, "servers");
     {
-        toml::Table alpha = toml::get<toml::Table>(servers.at("alpha"));
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(alpha.at("ip")), "10.0.0.1");
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(alpha.at("dc")), "eqdc10");
+        toml::table alpha = toml::find<toml::table>(servers, "alpha");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::string>(alpha.at("ip")) == "10.0.0.1");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::string>(alpha.at("dc")) == "eqdc10");
 
-        toml::Table beta = toml::get<toml::Table>(servers.at("beta"));
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(beta.at("ip")), "10.0.0.2");
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(beta.at("dc")), "eqdc10");
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(beta.at("country")), "\xE4\xB8\xAD\xE5\x9B\xBD");
+        toml::table beta = toml::find<toml::table>(servers, "beta");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::string>(beta.at("ip")) == "10.0.0.2");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::string>(beta.at("dc")) == "eqdc10");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::string>(beta.at("country")) == "\xE4\xB8\xAD\xE5\x9B\xBD");
     }
 
-    toml::Table clients = toml::get<toml::Table>(data.at("clients"));
+    const auto& clients = toml::find(data, "clients");
     {
-        toml::Array clients_data = toml::get<toml::Array>(clients.at("data"));
+        toml::array clients_data = toml::find<toml::array>(clients, "data");
         std::vector<std::string> expected_name{"gamma", "delta"};
-        BOOST_CHECK(toml::get<std::vector<std::string>>(clients_data.at(0)) ==
-                    expected_name);
+        BOOST_CHECK(toml::get<std::vector<std::string>>(clients_data.at(0)) == expected_name);
+
         std::vector<int> expected_number{1, 2};
-        BOOST_CHECK(toml::get<std::vector<int>>(clients_data.at(1)) ==
-                    expected_number);
+        BOOST_CHECK(toml::get<std::vector<int>>(clients_data.at(1)) == expected_number);
+
         std::vector<std::string> expected_hosts{"alpha", "omega"};
-        BOOST_CHECK(toml::get<std::vector<std::string>>(clients.at("hosts")) ==
-                    expected_hosts);
+        BOOST_CHECK(toml::find<std::vector<std::string>>(clients, "hosts") == expected_hosts);
     }
 
-    std::vector<toml::Table> products =
-        toml::get<std::vector<toml::Table>>(data.at("products"));
+    std::vector<toml::table> products =
+        toml::find<std::vector<toml::table>>(data, "products");
     {
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(products.at(0).at("name")),
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::string>(products.at(0).at("name")) ==
                           "Hammer");
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::int64_t>(products.at(0).at("sku")),
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::int64_t>(products.at(0).at("sku")) ==
                           738594937);
 
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(products.at(1).at("name")),
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::string>(products.at(1).at("name")) ==
                           "Nail");
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::int64_t>(products.at(1).at("sku")),
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::int64_t>(products.at(1).at("sku")) ==
                           284758393);
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(products.at(1).at("color")),
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::string>(products.at(1).at("color")) ==
                           "gray");
     }
 }
 
-
 BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_fruit)
 {
     const auto data = toml::parse("toml/tests/fruit.toml");
-    const auto blah = toml::get<std::vector<toml::Table>>(
-                      toml::get<toml::Table>(data.at("fruit")).at("blah"));
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(blah.at(0).at("name")), "apple");
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(blah.at(1).at("name")), "banana");
+    const auto blah = toml::find<toml::array>(toml::find(data, "fruit"), "blah");
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(blah.at(0), "name") == "apple");
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(blah.at(1), "name") == "banana");
     {
-        const auto physical = toml::get<toml::Table>(blah.at(0).at("physical"));
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(physical.at("color")), "red");
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(physical.at("shape")), "round");
+        const auto physical = toml::find(blah.at(0), "physical");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(physical, "color") == "red");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(physical, "shape") == "round");
     }
     {
-        const auto physical = toml::get<toml::Table>(blah.at(1).at("physical"));
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(physical.at("color")), "yellow");
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(physical.at("shape")), "bent");
+        const auto physical = toml::find(blah.at(1), "physical");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(physical, "color") == "yellow");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(physical, "shape") == "bent");
     }
 }
 
 BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_hard_example)
 {
     const auto data = toml::parse("toml/tests/hard_example.toml");
-    const auto the = toml::get<toml::Table>(data.at("the"));
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(the.at("test_string")),
+    const auto the = toml::find(data, "the");
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(the, "test_string") ==
                       "You'll hate me after this - #");
 
-    const auto hard = toml::get<toml::Table>(the.at("hard"));
+    const auto hard = toml::find(the, "hard");
     const std::vector<std::string> expected_the_hard_test_array{"] ", " # "};
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::get<std::vector<std::string>>(hard.at("test_array")) ==
+    BOOST_CHECK(toml::find<std::vector<std::string>>(hard, "test_array") ==
                 expected_the_hard_test_array);
     const std::vector<std::string> expected_the_hard_test_array2{
         "Test #11 ]proved that", "Experiment #9 was a success"};
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::get<std::vector<std::string>>(hard.at("test_array2")) ==
+    BOOST_CHECK(toml::find<std::vector<std::string>>(hard, "test_array2") ==
                 expected_the_hard_test_array2);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(hard.at("another_test_string")),
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(hard, "another_test_string") ==
                       " Same thing, but with a string #");
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(hard.at("harder_test_string")),
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(hard, "harder_test_string") ==
                       " And when \"'s are in the string, along with # \"");
 
-    const auto bit = toml::get<toml::Table>(hard.at("bit#"));
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(bit.at("what?")),
+    const auto bit = toml::find(hard, "bit#");
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(bit, "what?") ==
                       "You don't think some user won't do that?");
     const std::vector<std::string> expected_multi_line_array{"]"};
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::get<std::vector<std::string>>(bit.at("multi_line_array")) ==
+    BOOST_CHECK(toml::find<std::vector<std::string>>(bit, "multi_line_array") ==
                 expected_multi_line_array);
 }
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_hard_example_comment)
+{
+    const auto data = toml::parse<toml::preserve_comments>("toml/tests/hard_example.toml");
+    const auto the = toml::find(data, "the");
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(the, "test_string") ==
+                      "You'll hate me after this - #");
+
+    const auto hard = toml::find(the, "hard");
+    const std::vector<std::string> expected_the_hard_test_array{"] ", " # "};
+    BOOST_CHECK(toml::find<std::vector<std::string>>(hard, "test_array") ==
+                expected_the_hard_test_array);
+    const std::vector<std::string> expected_the_hard_test_array2{
+        "Test #11 ]proved that", "Experiment #9 was a success"};
+    BOOST_CHECK(toml::find<std::vector<std::string>>(hard, "test_array2") ==
+                expected_the_hard_test_array2);
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(hard, "another_test_string") ==
+                      " Same thing, but with a string #");
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(hard, "harder_test_string") ==
+                      " And when \"'s are in the string, along with # \"");
+
+    const auto bit = toml::find(hard, "bit#");
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(bit, "what?") ==
+                      "You don't think some user won't do that?");
+    const std::vector<std::string> expected_multi_line_array{"]"};
+    BOOST_CHECK(toml::find<std::vector<std::string>>(bit, "multi_line_array") ==
+                expected_multi_line_array);
+}
+
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_example_preserve_comment)
+{
+    const auto data = toml::parse<toml::preserve_comments>("toml/tests/example.toml");
+
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(data, "title") == "TOML Example");
+    const auto& owner = toml::find(data, "owner");
+    {
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(owner, "name") == "Tom Preston-Werner");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(owner, "organization") == "GitHub");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(owner, "bio") ==
+                          "GitHub Cofounder & CEO\nLikes tater tots and beer.");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<toml::offset_datetime>(owner, "dob") ==
+                          toml::offset_datetime(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27),
+                                                toml::local_time(7, 32, 0), toml::time_offset(0, 0)));
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find(owner, "dob").comments().at(0) ==
+                          " First class dates? Why not?");
+    }
+
+    const auto& database = toml::find(data, "database");
+    {
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(database, "server") == "192.168.1.1");
+        const std::vector<int> expected_ports{8001, 8001, 8002};
+        BOOST_CHECK(toml::find<std::vector<int>>(database, "ports") == expected_ports);
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<int >(database, "connection_max") == 5000);
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<bool>(database, "enabled") == true);
+    }
+
+    const auto& servers = toml::find(data, "servers");
+    {
+        const auto& alpha = toml::find(servers, "alpha");
+        BOOST_TEST(alpha.comments().at(0) ==
+            " You can indent as you please. Tabs or spaces. TOML don't care.");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(alpha, "ip") == "10.0.0.1");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(alpha, "dc") == "eqdc10");
+
+        const auto& beta = toml::find(servers, "beta");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(beta, "ip") == "10.0.0.2");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(beta, "dc") == "eqdc10");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(beta, "country") ==
+                          "\xE4\xB8\xAD\xE5\x9B\xBD");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find(beta, "country").comments().at(0) ==
+                          " This should be parsed as UTF-8");
+    }
+
+    const auto& clients = toml::find(data, "clients");
+    {
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find(clients, "data").comments().at(0) ==
+                " just an update to make sure parsers support it");
+
+
+        toml::array clients_data = toml::find<toml::array>(clients, "data");
+        std::vector<std::string> expected_name{"gamma", "delta"};
+        BOOST_CHECK(toml::get<std::vector<std::string>>(clients_data.at(0)) ==
+                    expected_name);
+        std::vector<int> expected_number{1, 2};
+        BOOST_CHECK(toml::get<std::vector<int>>(clients_data.at(1)) ==
+                    expected_number);
+        std::vector<std::string> expected_hosts{"alpha", "omega"};
+        BOOST_CHECK(toml::find<std::vector<std::string>>(clients, "hosts") ==
+                    expected_hosts);
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find(clients, "hosts").comments().at(0) ==
+                    " Line breaks are OK when inside arrays");
+    }
+
+    std::vector<toml::table> products =
+        toml::find<std::vector<toml::table>>(data, "products");
+    {
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::string>(products.at(0).at("name")) ==
+                          "Hammer");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::int64_t>(products.at(0).at("sku")) ==
+                          738594937);
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::string>(products.at(1).at("name")) ==
+                          "Nail");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::int64_t>(products.at(1).at("sku")) ==
+                          284758393);
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::string>(products.at(1).at("color")) ==
+                          "gray");
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_example_preserve_stdmap_stddeque)
+{
+    const auto data = toml::parse<toml::preserve_comments, std::map, std::deque
+          >("toml/tests/example.toml");
+
+    static_assert(std::is_same<typename decltype(data)::table_type,
+            std::map<toml::key, typename std::remove_cv<decltype(data)>::type>
+            >::value, "");
+    static_assert(std::is_same<typename decltype(data)::array_type,
+            std::deque<typename std::remove_cv<decltype(data)>::type>
+            >::value, "");
+
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(data, "title") == "TOML Example");
+    const auto& owner = toml::find(data, "owner");
+    {
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(owner, "name") == "Tom Preston-Werner");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(owner, "organization") == "GitHub");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(owner, "bio") ==
+                          "GitHub Cofounder & CEO\nLikes tater tots and beer.");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<toml::offset_datetime>(owner, "dob") ==
+                          toml::offset_datetime(toml::local_date(1979, toml::month_t::May, 27),
+                                                toml::local_time(7, 32, 0), toml::time_offset(0, 0)));
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find(owner, "dob").comments().at(0) ==
+                          " First class dates? Why not?");
+    }
+
+    const auto& database = toml::find(data, "database");
+    {
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(database, "server") == "192.168.1.1");
+        const std::vector<int> expected_ports{8001, 8001, 8002};
+        BOOST_CHECK(toml::find<std::vector<int>>(database, "ports") == expected_ports);
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<int >(database, "connection_max") == 5000);
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<bool>(database, "enabled") == true);
+    }
+
+    const auto& servers = toml::find(data, "servers");
+    {
+        const auto& alpha = toml::find(servers, "alpha");
+        BOOST_TEST(alpha.comments().at(0) ==
+            " You can indent as you please. Tabs or spaces. TOML don't care.");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(alpha, "ip") == "10.0.0.1");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(alpha, "dc") == "eqdc10");
+
+        const auto& beta = toml::find(servers, "beta");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(beta, "ip") == "10.0.0.2");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(beta, "dc") == "eqdc10");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(beta, "country") ==
+                          "\xE4\xB8\xAD\xE5\x9B\xBD");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find(beta, "country").comments().at(0) ==
+                          " This should be parsed as UTF-8");
+    }
+
+    const auto& clients = toml::find(data, "clients");
+    {
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find(clients, "data").comments().at(0) ==
+                " just an update to make sure parsers support it");
+
+
+        toml::array clients_data = toml::find<toml::array>(clients, "data");
+        std::vector<std::string> expected_name{"gamma", "delta"};
+        BOOST_CHECK(toml::get<std::vector<std::string>>(clients_data.at(0)) ==
+                    expected_name);
+        std::vector<int> expected_number{1, 2};
+        BOOST_CHECK(toml::get<std::vector<int>>(clients_data.at(1)) ==
+                    expected_number);
+        std::vector<std::string> expected_hosts{"alpha", "omega"};
+        BOOST_CHECK(toml::find<std::vector<std::string>>(clients, "hosts") ==
+                    expected_hosts);
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find(clients, "hosts").comments().at(0) ==
+                    " Line breaks are OK when inside arrays");
+    }
+
+    std::vector<toml::table> products =
+        toml::find<std::vector<toml::table>>(data, "products");
+    {
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::string>(products.at(0).at("name")) ==
+                          "Hammer");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::int64_t>(products.at(0).at("sku")) ==
+                          738594937);
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::string>(products.at(1).at("name")) ==
+                          "Nail");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::int64_t>(products.at(1).at("sku")) ==
+                          284758393);
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::string>(products.at(1).at("color")) ==
+                          "gray");
+    }
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// after here, the test codes generate the content of a file.
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_file_with_BOM)
+{
+    {
+        const std::string table(
+            "\xEF\xBB\xBF" // BOM
+            "key = \"value\"\n"
+            "[table]\n"
+            "key = \"value\"\n"
+            );
+        std::istringstream iss(table);
+        const auto data = toml::parse(iss, "test_file_with_BOM.toml");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(data, "key") == "value");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(toml::find(data, "table"), "key") == "value");
+    }
+    {
+        const std::string table(
+            "\xEF\xBB\xBF" // BOM
+            "key = \"value\"\n"
+            "[table]\n"
+            "key = \"value\"\n"
+            );
+        {
+            std::ofstream ofs("tmp.toml");
+            ofs << table;
+        }
+        const auto data = toml::parse("tmp.toml");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(data, "key") == "value");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(toml::find(data, "table"), "key") == "value");
+    }
+    {
+        const std::string table(
+            "\xEF\xBB\xBF" // BOM
+            "key = \"value\"\r\n"
+            "[table]\r\n"
+            "key = \"value\"\r\n"
+            );
+        std::istringstream iss(table);
+        const auto data = toml::parse(iss, "test_file_with_BOM_CRLF.toml");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(data, "key") == "value");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(toml::find(data, "table"), "key") == "value");
+    }
+    {
+        const std::string table(
+            "\xEF\xBB\xBF" // BOM
+            "key = \"value\"\r\n"
+            "[table]\r\n"
+            "key = \"value\"\r\n"
+            );
+        {
+            // with text-mode, "\n" is converted to "\r\n" and the resulting
+            // value will be "\r\r\n". To avoid the additional "\r", use binary
+            // mode.
+            std::ofstream ofs("tmp.toml", std::ios_base::binary);
+            ofs.write(table.data(), static_cast<std::streamsize>(table.size()));
+        }
+        const auto data = toml::parse("tmp.toml");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(data, "key") == "value");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(toml::find(data, "table"), "key") == "value");
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_file_without_newline_at_the_end_of_file)
+{
+    {
+        const std::string table(
+            "key = \"value\"\n"
+            "[table]\n"
+            "key = \"value\""
+            );
+        std::istringstream iss(table);
+        const auto data = toml::parse(iss,
+                "test_file_without_newline_at_the_end_of_file.toml");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(data, "key") == "value");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(toml::find(data, "table"), "key") == "value");
+    }
+    {
+        const std::string table(
+            "key = \"value\"\r\n"
+            "[table]\r\n"
+            "key = \"value\""
+            );
+        std::istringstream iss(table);
+        const auto data = toml::parse(iss,
+                "test_file_without_newline_at_the_end_of_file_CRLF.toml");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(data, "key") == "value");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(toml::find(data, "table"), "key") == "value");
+    }
+
+    {
+        const std::string table(
+            "key = \"value\"\n"
+            "[table]\n"
+            "key = \"value\" # comment"
+            );
+        std::istringstream iss(table);
+        const auto data = toml::parse(iss,
+                "test_file_without_newline_at_the_end_of_file_comment.toml");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(data, "key") == "value");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(toml::find(data, "table"), "key") == "value");
+    }
+    {
+        const std::string table(
+            "key = \"value\"\r\n"
+            "[table]\r\n"
+            "key = \"value\" # comment"
+            );
+        std::istringstream iss(table);
+        const auto data = toml::parse(iss,
+                "test_file_without_newline_at_the_end_of_file_comment.toml");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(data, "key") == "value");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(toml::find(data, "table"), "key") == "value");
+    }
+
+    {
+        const std::string table(
+            "key = \"value\"\n"
+            "[table]\n"
+            "key = \"value\" \t"
+            );
+        std::istringstream iss(table);
+        const auto data = toml::parse(iss,
+                "test_file_without_newline_at_the_end_of_file_ws.toml");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(data, "key") == "value");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(toml::find(data, "table"), "key") == "value");
+    }
+    {
+        const std::string table(
+            "key = \"value\"\r\n"
+            "[table]\r\n"
+            "key = \"value\" \t"
+            );
+        std::istringstream iss(table);
+        const auto data = toml::parse(iss,
+                "test_file_without_newline_at_the_end_of_file_ws.toml");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(data, "key") == "value");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(toml::find(data, "table"), "key") == "value");
+    }
+}
+
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_files_end_with_comment)
+{
+    // comment w/o newline
+    {
+        const std::string table(
+            "key = \"value\"\n"
+            "[table]\n"
+            "key = \"value\"\n"
+            "# comment"
+            );
+        std::istringstream iss(table);
+        const auto data = toml::parse(iss,
+                "test_files_end_with_comment.toml");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(data, "key") == "value");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(toml::find(data, "table"), "key") == "value");
+    }
+    {
+        const std::string table(
+            "key = \"value\"\n"
+            "[table]\n"
+            "key = \"value\"\n"
+            "# comment\n"
+            "# one more comment"
+            );
+        std::istringstream iss(table);
+        const auto data = toml::parse(iss,
+                "test_files_end_with_comment.toml");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(data, "key") == "value");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(toml::find(data, "table"), "key") == "value");
+    }
+
+    // comment w/ newline
+
+    {
+        const std::string table(
+            "key = \"value\"\n"
+            "[table]\n"
+            "key = \"value\"\n"
+            "# comment\n"
+            );
+        std::istringstream iss(table);
+        const auto data = toml::parse(iss,
+                "test_files_end_with_comment.toml");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(data, "key") == "value");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(toml::find(data, "table"), "key") == "value");
+    }
+    {
+        const std::string table(
+            "key = \"value\"\n"
+            "[table]\n"
+            "key = \"value\"\n"
+            "# comment\n"
+            "# one more comment\n"
+            );
+        std::istringstream iss(table);
+        const auto data = toml::parse(iss,
+                "test_files_end_with_comment.toml");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(data, "key") == "value");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(toml::find(data, "table"), "key") == "value");
+    }
+
+    // CRLF version
+
+    {
+        const std::string table(
+            "key = \"value\"\r\n"
+            "[table]\r\n"
+            "key = \"value\"\r\n"
+            "# comment"
+            );
+        std::istringstream iss(table);
+        const auto data = toml::parse(iss,
+                "test_files_end_with_comment.toml");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(data, "key") == "value");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(toml::find(data, "table"), "key") == "value");
+    }
+    {
+        const std::string table(
+            "key = \"value\"\r\n"
+            "[table]\r\n"
+            "key = \"value\"\r\n"
+            "# comment\r\n"
+            "# one more comment"
+            );
+        std::istringstream iss(table);
+        const auto data = toml::parse(iss,
+                "test_files_end_with_comment.toml");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(data, "key") == "value");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(toml::find(data, "table"), "key") == "value");
+    }
+    {
+        const std::string table(
+            "key = \"value\"\r\n"
+            "[table]\r\n"
+            "key = \"value\"\r\n"
+            "# comment\r\n"
+            );
+        std::istringstream iss(table);
+        const auto data = toml::parse(iss,
+                "test_files_end_with_comment.toml");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(data, "key") == "value");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(toml::find(data, "table"), "key") == "value");
+    }
+    {
+        const std::string table(
+            "key = \"value\"\r\n"
+            "[table]\r\n"
+            "key = \"value\"\r\n"
+            "# comment\r\n"
+            "# one more comment\r\n"
+            );
+        std::istringstream iss(table);
+        const auto data = toml::parse(iss,
+                "test_files_end_with_comment.toml");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(data, "key") == "value");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(toml::find(data, "table"), "key") == "value");
+    }
+}
+
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_files_end_with_empty_lines)
+{
+    {
+        const std::string table(
+            "key = \"value\"\n"
+            "[table]\n"
+            "key = \"value\"\n"
+            "\n"
+            );
+        std::istringstream iss(table);
+        const auto data = toml::parse(iss,
+                "test_files_end_with_newline.toml");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(data, "key") == "value");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(toml::find(data, "table"), "key") == "value");
+    }
+    {
+        const std::string table(
+            "key = \"value\"\n"
+            "[table]\n"
+            "key = \"value\"\n"
+            "\n"
+            "\n"
+            );
+        std::istringstream iss(table);
+        const auto data = toml::parse(iss,
+                "test_files_end_with_newline.toml");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(data, "key") == "value");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(toml::find(data, "table"), "key") == "value");
+    }
+
+    // with whitespaces
+
+    {
+        const std::string table(
+            "key = \"value\"\n"
+            "[table]\n"
+            "key = \"value\"\n"
+            "  \n"
+            );
+        std::istringstream iss(table);
+        const auto data = toml::parse(iss,
+                "test_files_end_with_newline.toml");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(data, "key") == "value");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(toml::find(data, "table"), "key") == "value");
+    }
+    {
+        const std::string table(
+            "key = \"value\"\n"
+            "[table]\n"
+            "key = \"value\"\n"
+            "  \n"
+            "  \n"
+            );
+        std::istringstream iss(table);
+        const auto data = toml::parse(iss,
+                "test_files_end_with_newline.toml");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(data, "key") == "value");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(toml::find(data, "table"), "key") == "value");
+    }
+    {
+        const std::string table(
+            "key = \"value\"\n"
+            "[table]\n"
+            "key = \"value\"\n"
+            "\n"
+            "  \n"
+            );
+        std::istringstream iss(table);
+        const auto data = toml::parse(iss,
+                "test_files_end_with_newline.toml");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(data, "key") == "value");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(toml::find(data, "table"), "key") == "value");
+    }
+    {
+        const std::string table(
+            "key = \"value\"\n"
+            "[table]\n"
+            "key = \"value\"\n"
+            "  \n"
+            "\n"
+            );
+        std::istringstream iss(table);
+        const auto data = toml::parse(iss,
+                "test_files_end_with_newline.toml");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(data, "key") == "value");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(toml::find(data, "table"), "key") == "value");
+    }
+
+    // with whitespaces but no newline
+    {
+        const std::string table(
+            "key = \"value\"\n"
+            "[table]\n"
+            "key = \"value\"\n"
+            "  "
+            );
+        std::istringstream iss(table);
+        const auto data = toml::parse(iss,
+                "test_files_end_with_newline.toml");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(data, "key") == "value");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(toml::find(data, "table"), "key") == "value");
+    }
+
+
+    // CRLF
+
+    {
+        const std::string table(
+            "key = \"value\"\r\n"
+            "[table]\r\n"
+            "key = \"value\"\r\n"
+            "\r\n"
+            );
+        std::istringstream iss(table);
+        const auto data = toml::parse(iss,
+                "test_files_end_with_newline.toml");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(data, "key") == "value");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(toml::find(data, "table"), "key") == "value");
+    }
+    {
+        const std::string table(
+            "key = \"value\"\r\n"
+            "[table]\r\n"
+            "key = \"value\"\r\n"
+            "\r\n"
+            "\r\n"
+            );
+        std::istringstream iss(table);
+        const auto data = toml::parse(iss,
+                "test_files_end_with_newline.toml");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(data, "key") == "value");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(toml::find(data, "table"), "key") == "value");
+    }
+
+    // with whitespaces
+
+    {
+        const std::string table(
+            "key = \"value\"\r\n"
+            "[table]\r\n"
+            "key = \"value\"\r\n"
+            "  \r\n"
+            );
+        std::istringstream iss(table);
+        const auto data = toml::parse(iss,
+                "test_files_end_with_newline.toml");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(data, "key") == "value");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(toml::find(data, "table"), "key") == "value");
+    }
+    {
+        const std::string table(
+            "key = \"value\"\r\n"
+            "[table]\r\n"
+            "key = \"value\"\r\n"
+            "\r\n"
+            "  \r\n"
+            );
+        std::istringstream iss(table);
+        const auto data = toml::parse(iss,
+                "test_files_end_with_newline.toml");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(data, "key") == "value");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(toml::find(data, "table"), "key") == "value");
+    }
+    {
+        const std::string table(
+            "key = \"value\"\r\n"
+            "[table]\r\n"
+            "key = \"value\"\r\n"
+            "  \r\n"
+            "\r\n"
+            );
+        std::istringstream iss(table);
+        const auto data = toml::parse(iss,
+                "test_files_end_with_newline.toml");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(data, "key") == "value");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(toml::find(data, "table"), "key") == "value");
+    }
+    {
+        const std::string table(
+            "key = \"value\"\r\n"
+            "[table]\r\n"
+            "key = \"value\"\r\n"
+            "  \r\n"
+            "  \r\n"
+            );
+        std::istringstream iss(table);
+        const auto data = toml::parse(iss,
+                "test_files_end_with_newline.toml");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(data, "key") == "value");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(toml::find(data, "table"), "key") == "value");
+    }
+    {
+        const std::string table(
+            "key = \"value\"\r\n"
+            "[table]\r\n"
+            "key = \"value\"\r\n"
+            "  "
+            );
+        std::istringstream iss(table);
+        const auto data = toml::parse(iss,
+                "test_files_end_with_newline.toml");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(data, "key") == "value");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::find<std::string>(toml::find(data, "table"), "key") == "value");
+    }
+}
+

tests/test_parse_floating.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+#define BOOST_TEST_MODULE "parse_floating_test"
+#ifdef UNITTEST_FRAMEWORK_LIBRARY_EXIST
+#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
+#else
+#define BOOST_TEST_NO_LIB
+#include <boost/test/included/unit_test.hpp>
+#endif
+#include <toml/parser.hpp>
+#include <cmath>
+#include "test_parse_aux.hpp"
+
+using namespace toml;
+using namespace detail;
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_fractional)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "1.0",                1.0);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "0.1",                0.1);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "0.001",              0.001);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "0.100",              0.1);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "+3.14",              3.14);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "-3.14",             -3.14);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "3.1415_9265_3589",   3.141592653589);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "+3.1415_9265_3589",  3.141592653589);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "-3.1415_9265_3589", -3.141592653589);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "123_456.789",        123456.789);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "+123_456.789",       123456.789);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "-123_456.789",      -123456.789);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "+0.0",               0.0);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "-0.0",              -0.0);
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_fractional_value)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "1.0",               value( 1.0));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "0.1",               value( 0.1));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "0.001",             value( 0.001));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "0.100",             value( 0.1));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "+3.14",             value( 3.14));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "-3.14",             value(-3.14));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "3.1415_9265_3589",  value( 3.141592653589));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "+3.1415_9265_3589", value( 3.141592653589));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "-3.1415_9265_3589", value(-3.141592653589));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "123_456.789",       value( 123456.789));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "+123_456.789",      value( 123456.789));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "-123_456.789",      value(-123456.789));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "+0.0",              value( 0.0));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "-0.0",              value(-0.0));
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_exponential)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "1e10",       1e10);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "1e+10",      1e10);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "1e-10",      1e-10);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "+1e10",      1e10);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "+1e+10",     1e10);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "+1e-10",     1e-10);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "-1e10",      -1e10);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "-1e+10",     -1e10);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "-1e-10",     -1e-10);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "123e-10",    123e-10);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "1E10",       1e10);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "1E+10",      1e10);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "1E-10",      1e-10);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "123E-10",    123e-10);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "1_2_3E-10",  123e-10);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "1_2_3E-1_0", 123e-10);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "+0e0",        0.0);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "-0e0",       -0.0);
+
+#ifdef TOML11_USE_UNRELEASED_TOML_FEATURES
+    BOOST_TEST_MESSAGE("testing an unreleased toml feature: leading zeroes in float exponent part");
+    // toml-lang/toml master permits leading 0s in exp part (unreleased)
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "1_2_3E-01",  123e-1);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "1_2_3E-0_1", 123e-1);
+#endif
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_exponential_value)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "1e10",       value(1e10));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "1e+10",      value(1e10));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "1e-10",      value(1e-10));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "+1e10",      value(1e10));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "+1e+10",     value(1e10));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "+1e-10",     value(1e-10));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "-1e10",      value(-1e10));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "-1e+10",     value(-1e10));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "-1e-10",     value(-1e-10));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "123e-10",    value(123e-10));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "1E10",       value(1e10));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "1E+10",      value(1e10));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "1E-10",      value(1e-10));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "123E-10",    value(123e-10));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "1_2_3E-10",  value(123e-10));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "1_2_3E-1_0", value(123e-10));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "+0e0",       value( 0.0));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "-0e0",       value(-0.0));
+
+#ifdef TOML11_USE_UNRELEASED_TOML_FEATURES
+    BOOST_TEST_MESSAGE("testing an unreleased toml feature: leading zeroes in float exponent part");
+    // toml-lang/toml master permits leading 0s in exp part (unreleased)
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "1_2_3E-01",  value(123e-1));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "1_2_3E-0_1", value(123e-1));
+#endif
+}
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_fe)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "6.02e23",          6.02e23);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "6.02e+23",         6.02e23);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_floating, "1.112_650_06e-17", 1.11265006e-17);
+}
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_fe_vaule)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "6.02e23",          value(6.02e23));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "6.02e+23",         value(6.02e23));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "1.112_650_06e-17", value(1.11265006e-17));
+
+#ifdef TOML11_USE_UNRELEASED_TOML_FEATURES
+    BOOST_TEST_MESSAGE("testing an unreleased toml feature: leading zeroes in float exponent part");
+    // toml-lang/toml master permits leading 0s in exp part (unreleased)
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "3.141_5e-01",      value(3.1415e-1));
+#endif
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_inf)
+{
+    {
+        const std::string token("inf");
+        toml::detail::location<std::string> loc("test", token);
+        const auto r = parse_floating(loc);
+        BOOST_CHECK(r.is_ok());
+        BOOST_CHECK(std::isinf(r.unwrap().first));
+        BOOST_CHECK(r.unwrap().first > 0.0);
+    }
+    {
+        const std::string token("+inf");
+        toml::detail::location<std::string> loc("test", token);
+        const auto r = parse_floating(loc);
+        BOOST_CHECK(r.is_ok());
+        BOOST_CHECK(std::isinf(r.unwrap().first));
+        BOOST_CHECK(r.unwrap().first > 0.0);
+    }
+    {
+        const std::string token("-inf");
+        toml::detail::location<std::string> loc("test", token);
+        const auto r = parse_floating(loc);
+        BOOST_CHECK(r.is_ok());
+        BOOST_CHECK(std::isinf(r.unwrap().first));
+        BOOST_CHECK(r.unwrap().first < 0.0);
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_nan)
+{
+    {
+        const std::string token("nan");
+        toml::detail::location<std::string> loc("test", token);
+        const auto r = parse_floating(loc);
+        BOOST_CHECK(r.is_ok());
+        BOOST_CHECK(std::isnan(r.unwrap().first));
+    }
+    {
+        const std::string token("+nan");
+        toml::detail::location<std::string> loc("test", token);
+        const auto r = parse_floating(loc);
+        BOOST_CHECK(r.is_ok());
+        BOOST_CHECK(std::isnan(r.unwrap().first));
+    }
+    {
+        const std::string token("-nan");
+        toml::detail::location<std::string> loc("test", token);
+        const auto r = parse_floating(loc);
+        BOOST_CHECK(r.is_ok());
+        BOOST_CHECK(std::isnan(r.unwrap().first));
+    }
+}

tests/test_parse_inline_table.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+#define BOOST_TEST_MODULE "parse_inline_table_test"
+#ifdef UNITTEST_FRAMEWORK_LIBRARY_EXIST
+#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
+#else
+#define BOOST_TEST_NO_LIB
+#include <boost/test/included/unit_test.hpp>
+#endif
+#include <toml/parser.hpp>
+#include "test_parse_aux.hpp"
+
+using namespace toml;
+using namespace detail;
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_inline_table)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_inline_table<toml::value>, "{}", table());
+    {
+        table t;
+        t["foo"] = toml::value(42);
+        t["bar"] = toml::value("baz");
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_inline_table<toml::value>, "{foo = 42, bar = \"baz\"}", t);
+    }
+    {
+        table t;
+        table t_sub;
+        t_sub["name"] = toml::value("pug");
+        t["type"] = toml::value(t_sub);
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_inline_table<toml::value>, "{type.name = \"pug\"}", t);
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_inline_table_value)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "{}", value(table()));
+    {
+        table t;
+        t["foo"] = toml::value(42);
+        t["bar"] = toml::value("baz");
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "{foo = 42, bar = \"baz\"}", value(t));
+    }
+    {
+        table t;
+        table t_sub;
+        t_sub["name"] = toml::value("pug");
+        t["type"] = toml::value(t_sub);
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "{type.name = \"pug\"}", value(t));
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_inline_table_immutability)
+{
+    {
+        std::istringstream stream(std::string(
+                "a = {b = 1}\n"
+                "a.c = 2\n"));
+        BOOST_CHECK_THROW(toml::parse(stream), toml::syntax_error);
+    }
+    {
+        std::istringstream stream(std::string(
+                "a = {b = {c = 1}}\n"
+                "a.b.d = 2\n"));
+        BOOST_CHECK_THROW(toml::parse(stream), toml::syntax_error);
+    }
+}

tests/test_parse_integer.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+#define BOOST_TEST_MODULE "parse_integer_test"
+#ifdef UNITTEST_FRAMEWORK_LIBRARY_EXIST
+#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
+#else
+#define BOOST_TEST_NO_LIB
+#include <boost/test/included/unit_test.hpp>
+#endif
+#include <toml/parser.hpp>
+#include "test_parse_aux.hpp"
+
+using namespace toml;
+using namespace detail;
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_decimal)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_integer,        "1234",       1234);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_integer,       "+1234",       1234);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_integer,       "-1234",      -1234);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_integer,           "0",          0);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_integer,     "1_2_3_4",       1234);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_integer,    "+1_2_3_4",      +1234);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_integer,    "-1_2_3_4",      -1234);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_integer, "123_456_789",  123456789);
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_decimal_value)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>,        "1234", toml::value(     1234));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>,       "+1234", toml::value(     1234));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>,       "-1234", toml::value(    -1234));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>,           "0", toml::value(        0));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>,     "1_2_3_4", toml::value(     1234));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>,    "+1_2_3_4", toml::value(    +1234));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>,    "-1_2_3_4", toml::value(    -1234));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "123_456_789", toml::value(123456789));
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_hex)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_integer, "0xDEADBEEF",  0xDEADBEEF);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_integer, "0xdeadbeef",  0xDEADBEEF);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_integer, "0xDEADbeef",  0xDEADBEEF);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_integer, "0xDEAD_BEEF", 0xDEADBEEF);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_integer, "0xdead_beef", 0xDEADBEEF);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_integer, "0xdead_BEEF", 0xDEADBEEF);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_integer, "0xFF",        0xFF);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_integer, "0x00FF",      0xFF);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_integer, "0x0000FF",    0xFF);
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_hex_value)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "0xDEADBEEF",  value(0xDEADBEEF));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "0xdeadbeef",  value(0xDEADBEEF));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "0xDEADbeef",  value(0xDEADBEEF));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "0xDEAD_BEEF", value(0xDEADBEEF));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "0xdead_beef", value(0xDEADBEEF));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "0xdead_BEEF", value(0xDEADBEEF));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "0xFF",        value(0xFF));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "0x00FF",      value(0xFF));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "0x0000FF",    value(0xFF));
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_oct)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_integer, "0o777",   64*7+8*7+7);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_integer, "0o7_7_7", 64*7+8*7+7);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_integer, "0o007",   7);
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_oct_value)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "0o777",   value(64*7+8*7+7));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "0o7_7_7", value(64*7+8*7+7));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "0o007",   value(7));
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_bin)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_integer, "0b10000",    16);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_integer, "0b010000",   16);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_integer, "0b01_00_00", 16);
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_integer, "0b111111",   63);
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_bin_value)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "0b10000",    value(16));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "0b010000",   value(16));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "0b01_00_00", value(16));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>, "0b111111",   value(63));
+}

tests/test_parse_key.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+#define BOOST_TEST_MODULE "parse_key_test"
+#ifdef UNITTEST_FRAMEWORK_LIBRARY_EXIST
+#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
+#else
+#define BOOST_TEST_NO_LIB
+#include <boost/test/included/unit_test.hpp>
+#endif
+#include <toml/parser.hpp>
+#include "test_parse_aux.hpp"
+
+using namespace toml;
+using namespace detail;
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_bare_key)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_key, "barekey",  std::vector<key>(1, "barekey"));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_key, "bare-key", std::vector<key>(1, "bare-key"));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_key, "bare_key", std::vector<key>(1, "bare_key"));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_key, "1234",     std::vector<key>(1, "1234"));
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_quoted_key)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_key, "\"127.0.0.1\"",          std::vector<key>(1, "127.0.0.1"         ));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_key, "\"character encoding\"", std::vector<key>(1, "character encoding"));
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_key, "\"\xCA\x8E\xC7\x9D\xCA\x9E\"", std::vector<key>(1, "\xCA\x8E\xC7\x9D\xCA\x9E"));
+#else
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_key, "\"ʎǝʞ\"",                std::vector<key>(1, "ʎǝʞ"               ));
+#endif
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_key, "'key2'",                 std::vector<key>(1, "key2"              ));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_key, "'quoted \"value\"'",     std::vector<key>(1, "quoted \"value\""  ));
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_dotted_key)
+{
+    {
+        std::vector<key> keys(2);
+        keys[0] = "physical";
+        keys[1] = "color";
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_key, "physical.color", keys);
+    }
+    {
+        std::vector<key> keys(2);
+        keys[0] = "physical";
+        keys[1] = "shape";
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_key, "physical.shape", keys);
+    }
+    {
+        std::vector<key> keys(4);
+        keys[0] = "x";
+        keys[1] = "y";
+        keys[2] = "z";
+        keys[3] = "w";
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_key, "x.y.z.w", keys);
+    }
+    {
+        std::vector<key> keys(2);
+        keys[0] = "site";
+        keys[1] = "google.com";
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_key, "site.\"google.com\"", keys);
+    }
+}

tests/test_parse_string.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+#define BOOST_TEST_MODULE "parse_string_test"
+#ifdef UNITTEST_FRAMEWORK_LIBRARY_EXIST
+#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
+#else
+#define BOOST_TEST_NO_LIB
+#include <boost/test/included/unit_test.hpp>
+#endif
+#include <toml/parser.hpp>
+#include "test_parse_aux.hpp"
+
+using namespace toml;
+using namespace detail;
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_string)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_string,
+        "\"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog\"",
+        string("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog", string_t::basic));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_string,
+        "\'The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog\'",
+        string("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog", string_t::literal));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_string,
+        "\"\"\"The quick brown fox \\\njumps over the lazy dog\"\"\"",
+        string("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog", string_t::basic));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_string,
+        "'''The quick brown fox \njumps over the lazy dog'''",
+        string("The quick brown fox \njumps over the lazy dog", string_t::literal));
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_string_value)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>,
+        "\"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog\"",
+        toml::value("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog", string_t::basic));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>,
+        "\'The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog\'",
+        toml::value("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog", string_t::literal));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>,
+        "\"\"\"The quick brown fox \\\njumps over the lazy dog\"\"\"",
+        toml::value("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog", string_t::basic));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>,
+        "'''The quick brown fox \njumps over the lazy dog'''",
+        toml::value("The quick brown fox \njumps over the lazy dog", string_t::literal));
+}
+
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_basic_string)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_string,
+        "\"GitHub Cofounder & CEO\\nLikes tater tots and beer.\"",
+        string("GitHub Cofounder & CEO\nLikes tater tots and beer.", string_t::basic));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_string,
+        "\"192.168.1.1\"",
+        string("192.168.1.1", string_t::basic));
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_string,
+        "\"\xE4\xB8\xAD\xE5\x9B\xBD\"",
+        string("\xE4\xB8\xAD\xE5\x9B\xBD", string_t::basic));
+#else
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_string,
+        "\"中国\"",
+        string("中国", string_t::basic));
+#endif
+
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_string,
+        "\"You'll hate me after this - #\"",
+        string("You'll hate me after this - #", string_t::basic));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_string,
+        "\" And when \\\"'s are in the along with # \\\"\"",
+        string(" And when \"'s are in the along with # \"", string_t::basic));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_string,
+        "\"Here are fifteen apostrophes: '''''''''''''''\"",
+        string("Here are fifteen apostrophes: '''''''''''''''", string_t::basic));
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_basic_string_value)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>,
+        "\"GitHub Cofounder & CEO\\nLikes tater tots and beer.\"",
+        value("GitHub Cofounder & CEO\nLikes tater tots and beer.", string_t::basic));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>,
+        "\"192.168.1.1\"",
+        value("192.168.1.1", string_t::basic));
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>,
+        "\"\xE4\xB8\xAD\xE5\x9B\xBD\"",
+        value("\xE4\xB8\xAD\xE5\x9B\xBD", string_t::basic));
+#else
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>,
+        "\"中国\"",
+        value("中国", string_t::basic));
+#endif
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>,
+        "\"You'll hate me after this - #\"",
+        value("You'll hate me after this - #", string_t::basic));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>,
+        "\" And when \\\"'s are in the along with # \\\"\"",
+        value(" And when \"'s are in the along with # \"", string_t::basic));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>,
+        "\"Here are fifteen apostrophes: '''''''''''''''\"",
+        value("Here are fifteen apostrophes: '''''''''''''''", string_t::basic));
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_ml_basic_string)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_string,
+        "\"\"\"\nThe quick brown \\\n\n  fox jumps over \\\n  the lazy dog.\"\"\"",
+        string("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.", string_t::basic));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_string,
+        "\"\"\"\\\n  The quick brown \\\n\n  fox jumps over \\\n  the lazy dog.\\\n  \"\"\"",
+        string("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.", string_t::basic));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_string,
+        "\"\"\"Here are two quotation marks: \"\". Simple enough.\"\"\"",
+        string("Here are two quotation marks: \"\". Simple enough.", string_t::basic));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_string,
+        "\"\"\"Here are three quotation marks: \"\"\\\".\"\"\"",
+        string("Here are three quotation marks: \"\"\".", string_t::basic));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_string,
+        "\"\"\"Here are fifteen quotation marks: \"\"\\\"\"\"\\\"\"\"\\\"\"\"\\\"\"\"\\\".\"\"\"",
+        string("Here are fifteen quotation marks: \"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\".", string_t::basic));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_string,
+        "\"\"\"\"This,\" she said, \"is just a pointless statement.\"\"\"\"",
+        string("\"This,\" she said, \"is just a pointless statement.\"", string_t::basic));
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_ml_basic_string_value)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>,
+        "\"\"\"\nThe quick brown \\\n\n  fox jumps over \\\n  the lazy dog.\"\"\"",
+        value("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.", string_t::basic));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>,
+        "\"\"\"\\\n  The quick brown \\\n\n  fox jumps over \\\n  the lazy dog.\\\n  \"\"\"",
+        value("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.", string_t::basic));
+
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>,
+        "\"\"\"Here are two quotation marks: \"\". Simple enough.\"\"\"",
+        value("Here are two quotation marks: \"\". Simple enough.", string_t::basic));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>,
+        "\"\"\"Here are three quotation marks: \"\"\\\".\"\"\"",
+        value("Here are three quotation marks: \"\"\".", string_t::basic));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>,
+        "\"\"\"Here are fifteen quotation marks: \"\"\\\"\"\"\\\"\"\"\\\"\"\"\\\"\"\"\\\".\"\"\"",
+        value("Here are fifteen quotation marks: \"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\".", string_t::basic));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>,
+        "\"\"\"\"This,\" she said, \"is just a pointless statement.\"\"\"\"",
+        value("\"This,\" she said, \"is just a pointless statement.\"", string_t::basic));
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_literal_string)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_string,
+        "'C:\\Users\\nodejs\\templates'",
+        string("C:\\Users\\nodejs\\templates", string_t::literal));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_string,
+        "'\\\\ServerX\\admin$\\system32\\'",
+        string("\\\\ServerX\\admin$\\system32\\", string_t::literal));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_string,
+        "'Tom \"Dubs\" Preston-Werner'",
+        string("Tom \"Dubs\" Preston-Werner", string_t::literal));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_string,
+        "'<\\i\\c*\\s*>'",
+        string("<\\i\\c*\\s*>", string_t::literal));
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_literal_string_value)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>,
+        "'C:\\Users\\nodejs\\templates'",
+        value("C:\\Users\\nodejs\\templates", string_t::literal));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>,
+        "'\\\\ServerX\\admin$\\system32\\'",
+        value("\\\\ServerX\\admin$\\system32\\", string_t::literal));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>,
+        "'Tom \"Dubs\" Preston-Werner'",
+        value("Tom \"Dubs\" Preston-Werner", string_t::literal));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>,
+        "'<\\i\\c*\\s*>'",
+        value("<\\i\\c*\\s*>", string_t::literal));
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_ml_literal_string)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_string,
+        "'''I [dw]on't need \\d{2} apples'''",
+        string("I [dw]on't need \\d{2} apples", string_t::literal));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_string,
+        "'''\nThe first newline is\ntrimmed in raw strings.\n   All other whitespace\n   is preserved.\n'''",
+        string("The first newline is\ntrimmed in raw strings.\n   All other whitespace\n   is preserved.\n", string_t::literal));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_string,
+        "''''That's still pointless', she said.'''",
+        string("'That's still pointless', she said.", string_t::literal));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_string,
+        "'''Here are fifteen quotation marks: \"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\".'''",
+        string("Here are fifteen quotation marks: \"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\".", string_t::literal));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_string,
+        "''''This,' she said, 'is just a pointless statement.''''",
+        string("'This,' she said, 'is just a pointless statement.'", string_t::literal));
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_ml_literal_string_value)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>,
+        "'''I [dw]on't need \\d{2} apples'''",
+        value("I [dw]on't need \\d{2} apples", string_t::literal));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>,
+        "'''\nThe first newline is\ntrimmed in raw strings.\n   All other whitespace\n   is preserved.\n'''",
+        value("The first newline is\ntrimmed in raw strings.\n   All other whitespace\n   is preserved.\n", string_t::literal));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>,
+        "''''That's still pointless', she said.'''",
+        value("'That's still pointless', she said.", string_t::literal));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>,
+        "'''Here are fifteen quotation marks: \"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\".'''",
+        value("Here are fifteen quotation marks: \"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\".", string_t::literal));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL_VALUE(parse_value<toml::value>,
+        "''''This,' she said, 'is just a pointless statement.''''",
+        value("'This,' she said, 'is just a pointless statement.'", string_t::literal));
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_unicode_escape_sequence)
+{
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_string,
+            "\"\\u03B1\\u03B2\\u03B3\"",
+            string("\xCE\xB1\xCE\xB2\xCE\xB3", string_t::basic));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_string,
+            "\"\\U0001D7AA\"",
+            string("\xF0\x9D\x9E\xAA", string_t::basic));
+#else
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_string,
+            "\"\\u03B1\\u03B2\\u03B3\"",
+            string("αβγ", string_t::basic));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_string,
+            "\"\\U0001D7AA\"",
+            string("𝞪", string_t::basic));
+#endif
+}

tests/test_parse_table.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+#define BOOST_TEST_MODULE "parse_table_test"
+#ifdef UNITTEST_FRAMEWORK_LIBRARY_EXIST
+#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
+#else
+#define BOOST_TEST_NO_LIB
+#include <boost/test/included/unit_test.hpp>
+#endif
+#include <toml/parser.hpp>
+#include <toml/get.hpp>
+#include "test_parse_aux.hpp"
+
+using namespace toml;
+using namespace detail;
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_normal_table)
+{
+    std::string table(
+        "key1 = \"value\"\n"
+        "key2 = 42\n"
+        "key3 = 3.14\n"
+        );
+    location<std::string> loc("test", table);
+
+    const auto result = toml::detail::parse_ml_table<toml::value>(loc);
+    BOOST_TEST(result.is_ok());
+    const auto data = result.unwrap();
+
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::string >(data.at("key1")) == "value");
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::int64_t>(data.at("key2")) == 42);
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::get<double      >(data.at("key3")) == 3.14);
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_nested_table)
+{
+    std::string table(
+        "a.b   = \"value\"\n"
+        "a.c.d = 42\n"
+        );
+    location<std::string> loc("test", table);
+
+    const auto result = toml::detail::parse_ml_table<toml::value>(loc);
+    BOOST_TEST(result.is_ok());
+    const auto data = result.unwrap();
+
+    const auto a = toml::get<toml::table>(data.at("a"));
+    const auto c = toml::get<toml::table>(a.at("c"));
+
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::string >(a.at("b")) == "value");
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::int64_t>(c.at("d")) == 42);
+}

tests/test_parse_table_key.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+#define BOOST_TEST_MODULE "parse_table_key_test"
+#ifdef UNITTEST_FRAMEWORK_LIBRARY_EXIST
+#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
+#else
+#define BOOST_TEST_NO_LIB
+#include <boost/test/included/unit_test.hpp>
+#endif
+#include <toml/parser.hpp>
+#include "test_parse_aux.hpp"
+
+using namespace toml;
+using namespace detail;
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_table_bare_key)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_table_key, "[barekey]",  std::vector<key>(1, "barekey"));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_table_key, "[bare-key]", std::vector<key>(1, "bare-key"));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_table_key, "[bare_key]", std::vector<key>(1, "bare_key"));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_table_key, "[1234]",     std::vector<key>(1, "1234"));
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_table_quoted_key)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_table_key, "[\"127.0.0.1\"]",          std::vector<key>(1, "127.0.0.1"         ));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_table_key, "[\"character encoding\"]", std::vector<key>(1, "character encoding"));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_table_key, "[\"ʎǝʞ\"]",                std::vector<key>(1, "ʎǝʞ"               ));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_table_key, "['key2']",                 std::vector<key>(1, "key2"              ));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_table_key, "['quoted \"value\"']",     std::vector<key>(1, "quoted \"value\""  ));
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_table_dotted_key)
+{
+    {
+        std::vector<key> keys(2);
+        keys[0] = "physical";
+        keys[1] = "color";
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_table_key, "[physical.color]", keys);
+    }
+    {
+        std::vector<key> keys(2);
+        keys[0] = "physical";
+        keys[1] = "shape";
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_table_key, "[physical.shape]", keys);
+    }
+    {
+        std::vector<key> keys(4);
+        keys[0] = "x";
+        keys[1] = "y";
+        keys[2] = "z";
+        keys[3] = "w";
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_table_key, "[x.y.z.w]", keys);
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_table_key, "[x . y . z . w]", keys);
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_table_key, "[x. y .z. w]", keys);
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_table_key, "[x .y. z .w]", keys);
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_table_key, "[ x. y .z . w ]", keys);
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_table_key, "[ x . y . z . w ]", keys);
+    }
+    {
+        std::vector<key> keys(2);
+        keys[0] = "site";
+        keys[1] = "google.com";
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_table_key, "[site.\"google.com\"]", keys);
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_array_of_table_bare_key)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_array_table_key, "[[barekey]]",  std::vector<key>(1, "barekey"));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_array_table_key, "[[bare-key]]", std::vector<key>(1, "bare-key"));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_array_table_key, "[[bare_key]]", std::vector<key>(1, "bare_key"));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_array_table_key, "[[1234]]",     std::vector<key>(1, "1234"));
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_array_of_table_quoted_key)
+{
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_array_table_key, "[[\"127.0.0.1\"]]",          std::vector<key>(1, "127.0.0.1"         ));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_array_table_key, "[[\"character encoding\"]]", std::vector<key>(1, "character encoding"));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_array_table_key, "[[\"ʎǝʞ\"]]",                std::vector<key>(1, "ʎǝʞ"               ));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_array_table_key, "[['key2']]",                 std::vector<key>(1, "key2"              ));
+    TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_array_table_key, "[['quoted \"value\"']]",     std::vector<key>(1, "quoted \"value\""  ));
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_array_of_table_dotted_key)
+{
+    {
+        std::vector<key> keys(2);
+        keys[0] = "physical";
+        keys[1] = "color";
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_array_table_key, "[[physical.color]]", keys);
+    }
+    {
+        std::vector<key> keys(2);
+        keys[0] = "physical";
+        keys[1] = "shape";
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_array_table_key, "[[physical.shape]]", keys);
+    }
+    {
+        std::vector<key> keys(4);
+        keys[0] = "x";
+        keys[1] = "y";
+        keys[2] = "z";
+        keys[3] = "w";
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_array_table_key, "[[x.y.z.w]]", keys);
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_array_table_key, "[[x . y . z . w]]", keys);
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_array_table_key, "[[x. y .z. w]]", keys);
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_array_table_key, "[[x .y. z .w]]", keys);
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_array_table_key, "[[ x. y .z . w ]]", keys);
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_array_table_key, "[[ x . y . z . w ]]", keys);
+
+    }
+    {
+        std::vector<key> keys(2);
+        keys[0] = "site";
+        keys[1] = "google.com";
+        TOML11_TEST_PARSE_EQUAL(parse_array_table_key, "[[site.\"google.com\"]]", keys);
+    }
+}

tests/test_parse_unicode.cpp

@@ -14,11 +14,11 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_hard_example_unicode)
 {
     const auto data = toml::parse("toml/tests/hard_example_unicode.toml");
 
-    const auto the = toml::get<toml::Table>(data.at("the"));
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(the.at("test_string")),
+    const auto the = toml::find<toml::table>(data, "the");
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::string>(the.at("test_string")) ==
                       std::string("\xC3\x9D\xC3\xB4\xC3\xBA\x27\xE2\x84\x93\xE2\x84\x93\x20\xCE\xBB\xC3\xA1\xC6\xAD\xC3\xA8\x20\xE2\x82\xA5\xC3\xA8\x20\xC3\xA1\xC6\x92\xC6\xAD\xC3\xA8\xC5\x99\x20\xC6\xAD\xCE\xBB\xC3\xAF\xC6\xA8\x20\x2D\x20\x23"));
 
-    const auto hard = toml::get<toml::Table>(the.at("hard"));
+    const auto hard = toml::get<toml::table>(the.at("hard"));
     const std::vector<std::string> expected_the_hard_test_array{"] ", " # "};
     BOOST_CHECK(toml::get<std::vector<std::string>>(hard.at("test_array")) ==
                 expected_the_hard_test_array);
@@ -28,13 +28,13 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_hard_example_unicode)
     };
     BOOST_CHECK(toml::get<std::vector<std::string>>(hard.at("test_array2")) ==
                 expected_the_hard_test_array2);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(hard.at("another_test_string")),
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::string>(hard.at("another_test_string")) ==
                       std::string("\xC2\xA7\xC3\xA1\xE2\x82\xA5\xC3\xA8\x20\xC6\xAD\xCE\xBB\xC3\xAF\xC3\xB1\xCF\xB1\x2C\x20\xCE\xB2\xC3\xBA\xC6\xAD\x20\xCF\x89\xC3\xAF\xC6\xAD\xCE\xBB\x20\xC3\xA1\x20\xC6\xA8\xC6\xAD\xC5\x99\xC3\xAF\xC3\xB1\xCF\xB1\x20\x23"));
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(hard.at("harder_test_string")),
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::string>(hard.at("harder_test_string")) ==
                       std::string("\x20\xC3\x82\xC3\xB1\xCE\xB4\x20\xCF\x89\xCE\xBB\xC3\xA8\xC3\xB1\x20\x22\x27\xC6\xA8\x20\xC3\xA1\xC5\x99\xC3\xA8\x20\xC3\xAF\xC3\xB1\x20\xC6\xAD\xCE\xBB\xC3\xA8\x20\xC6\xA8\xC6\xAD\xC5\x99\xC3\xAF\xC3\xB1\xCF\xB1\x2C\x20\xC3\xA1\xE2\x84\x93\xC3\xB4\xC3\xB1\xCF\xB1\x20\xCF\x89\xC3\xAF\xC6\xAD\xCE\xBB\x20\x23\x20\x22"));
 //
-    const auto bit = toml::get<toml::Table>(hard.at(std::string("\xCE\xB2\xC3\xAF\xC6\xAD\x23")));
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(bit.at(std::string("\xCF\x89\xCE\xBB\xC3\xA1\xC6\xAD\x3F"))),
+    const auto bit = toml::get<toml::table>(hard.at(std::string("\xCE\xB2\xC3\xAF\xC6\xAD\x23")));
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::string>(bit.at(std::string("\xCF\x89\xCE\xBB\xC3\xA1\xC6\xAD\x3F"))) ==
         std::string("\xC3\x9D\xC3\xB4\xC3\xBA\x20\xCE\xB4\xC3\xB4\xC3\xB1\x27\xC6\xAD\x20\xC6\xAD\xCE\xBB\xC3\xAF\xC3\xB1\xC6\x99\x20\xC6\xA8\xC3\xB4\xE2\x82\xA5\xC3\xA8\x20\xC3\xBA\xC6\xA8\xC3\xA8\xC5\x99\x20\xCF\x89\xC3\xB4\xC3\xB1\x27\xC6\xAD\x20\xCE\xB4\xC3\xB4\x20\xC6\xAD\xCE\xBB\xC3\xA1\xC6\xAD\x3F"));
     const std::vector<std::string> expected_multi_line_array{"]"};
     BOOST_CHECK(toml::get<std::vector<std::string>>(bit.at("multi_line_array")) ==
@@ -45,11 +45,11 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_hard_example_unicode)
 {
     const auto data = toml::parse("toml/tests/hard_example_unicode.toml");
 
-    const auto the = toml::get<toml::Table>(data.at("the"));
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(the.at("test_string")),
+    const auto the = toml::find<toml::table>(data, "the");
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::string>(the.at("test_string")) ==
                       std::string(u8"Ýôú'ℓℓ λáƭè ₥è áƒƭèř ƭλïƨ - #"));
 
-    const auto hard = toml::get<toml::Table>(the.at("hard"));
+    const auto hard = toml::get<toml::table>(the.at("hard"));
     const std::vector<std::string> expected_the_hard_test_array{"] ", " # "};
     BOOST_CHECK(toml::get<std::vector<std::string>>(hard.at("test_array")) ==
                 expected_the_hard_test_array);
@@ -58,13 +58,13 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_hard_example_unicode)
             std::string(u8"Éжƥèřï₥èñƭ #9 ωáƨ á ƨúççèƨƨ")};
     BOOST_CHECK(toml::get<std::vector<std::string>>(hard.at("test_array2")) ==
                 expected_the_hard_test_array2);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(hard.at("another_test_string")),
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::string>(hard.at("another_test_string")) ==
                       std::string(u8"§á₥è ƭλïñϱ, βúƭ ωïƭλ á ƨƭřïñϱ #"));
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(hard.at("harder_test_string")),
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::string>(hard.at("harder_test_string")) ==
                       std::string(u8" Âñδ ωλèñ \"'ƨ ářè ïñ ƭλè ƨƭřïñϱ, áℓôñϱ ωïƭλ # \""));
 
-    const auto bit = toml::get<toml::Table>(hard.at(std::string(u8"βïƭ#")));
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toml::get<std::string>(bit.at(std::string(u8"ωλáƭ?"))),
+    const auto bit = toml::get<toml::table>(hard.at(std::string(u8"βïƭ#")));
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::get<std::string>(bit.at(std::string(u8"ωλáƭ?"))) ==
                       std::string(u8"Ýôú δôñ'ƭ ƭλïñƙ ƨô₥è úƨèř ωôñ'ƭ δô ƭλáƭ?"));
     const std::vector<std::string> expected_multi_line_array{"]"};
     BOOST_CHECK(toml::get<std::vector<std::string>>(bit.at("multi_line_array")) ==

tests/test_parser.cpp

@@ -1,935 +0,0 @@
-#define BOOST_TEST_MODULE "test_parser"
-#ifdef UNITTEST_FRAMEWORK_LIBRARY_EXIST
-#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
-#else
-#define BOOST_TEST_NO_LIB
-#include <boost/test/included/unit_test.hpp>
-#endif
-#include <toml/acceptor.hpp>
-#include <toml/parser.hpp>
-#include <toml/from_toml.hpp>
-#include <iostream>
-
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_parse_basic_inline_string)
-{
-    typedef toml::parse_basic_inline_string parser;
-    typedef toml::is_basic_inline_string<toml::character> acceptor;
-    {
-        const std::string source("\"simple\"");
-        const std::string expected("simple");
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("\"I'm a string. \\\"You can quote me\\\". Name\\tJos\\u00E9\\nLocation\\tSF.\"");
-        const std::string expected("I'm a string. \"You can quote me\". Name\tJosé\nLocation\tSF.");
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("dummy");
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(!result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == source.begin());
-    }
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_parse_basic_multiline_string)
-{
-    typedef toml::parse_basic_multiline_string parser;
-    typedef toml::is_basic_multiline_string<toml::character> acceptor;
-    {
-        //XXX ifdef windows platform
-        const std::string source("\"\"\"\nRoses are red\nViolets are blue\"\"\"");
-        const std::string expected("Roses are red\nViolets are blue");
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("\"\"\"\nThe quick brown \\\n\n  fox jumps over \\\n    the lazy dog.\"\"\"");
-        const std::string expected("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.");
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("\"\"\"\nThe quick brown \\\n    fox jumps over \\\n    the lazy dog.\\\n    \"\"\"");
-        const std::string expected("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.");
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("dummy");
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(!result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == source.begin());
-    }
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_parse_literal_inline_string)
-{
-    typedef toml::parse_literal_inline_string parser;
-    typedef toml::is_literal_inline_string<toml::character> acceptor;
-    {
-        const std::string source("'C:\\Users\\nodejs\\templates'");
-        const std::string expected("C:\\Users\\nodejs\\templates");
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("'\\\\ServerX\\admin$\\system32\\'");
-        const std::string expected("\\\\ServerX\\admin$\\system32\\");
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("'Tom \"Dubs\" Preston-Werner'");
-        const std::string expected("Tom \"Dubs\" Preston-Werner");
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("'<\\i\\c*\\s*>'");
-        const std::string expected("<\\i\\c*\\s*>");
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("dummy");
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(!result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == source.begin());
-    }
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_parse_literal_multiline_string)
-{
-    typedef toml::parse_literal_multiline_string parser;
-    typedef toml::is_literal_multiline_string<toml::character> acceptor;
-    {
-        const std::string source("'''I [dw]on't need \\d{2} apples'''");
-        const std::string expected("I [dw]on't need \\d{2} apples");
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("'''\nThe first newline is \ntrimmed in raw strings.\n    All other whitespace\n    is preserved.'''");
-        const std::string expected("The first newline is \ntrimmed in raw strings.\n    All other whitespace\n    is preserved.");
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("dummy");
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(!result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == source.begin());
-    }
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_parse_string)
-{
-    typedef toml::parse_string parser;
-    typedef toml::is_string<toml::character> acceptor;
-    {
-        const std::string source("\"string\"");
-        const std::string expected("string");
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("\"\"\"string\"\"\"");
-        const std::string expected("string");
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("'string'");
-        const std::string expected("string");
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("'''string'''");
-        const std::string expected("string");
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("dummy");
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(!result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == source.begin());
-    }
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_integer)
-{
-    typedef toml::parse_integer parser;
-    typedef toml::is_integer<toml::character> acceptor;
-    {
-        const std::string   source("42");
-        const toml::Integer expected(42);
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string   source("+42");
-        const toml::Integer expected(42);
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string   source("-42");
-        const toml::Integer expected(-42);
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string   source("-4_2");
-        const toml::Integer expected(-42);
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("dummy");
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(!result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == source.begin());
-    }
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_float)
-{
-    typedef toml::parse_float parser;
-    typedef toml::is_float<toml::character> acceptor;
-    {
-        const std::string source("42.0");
-        const toml::Float expected(42.0);
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("+42.0");
-        const toml::Float expected(42.0);
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("-42.0");
-        const toml::Float expected(-42.0);
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("-4_2.0");
-        const toml::Float expected(-42.0);
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("-42e0");
-        const toml::Float expected(-42.0);
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("-42.0e0");
-        const toml::Float expected(-42.0);
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("dummy");
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(!result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == source.begin());
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("42");
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(!result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == source.begin());
-    }
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_parse_boolean)
-{
-    typedef toml::parse_boolean parser;
-    typedef toml::is_boolean<toml::character> acceptor;
-    {
-        const std::string   source("true");
-        const toml::Boolean expected(true);
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string   source("false");
-        const toml::Boolean expected(false);
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string   source("dummy");
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(!result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == source.begin());
-    }
-}
-
-
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_parse_local_time)
-{
-    typedef toml::parse_local_time parser;
-    typedef toml::is_local_time<toml::character> acceptor;
-    {
-        const std::string source("12:34:56");
-        const toml::Datetime expected(12, 34, 56, 0, 0);
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("12:34:56.7");
-        const toml::Datetime expected(12, 34, 56, 700, 0);
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("12:34:56.7891");
-        const toml::Datetime expected(12, 34, 56, 789, 100);
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("10");
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(!result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == source.begin());
-    }
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_parse_local_date)
-{
-    typedef toml::parse_local_date parser;
-    typedef toml::is_local_date<toml::character>  acceptor;
-    {
-        const std::string source("1979-09-27");
-        const toml::Datetime expected(1979, 9, 27);
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("10");
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(!result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == source.begin());
-    }
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_parse_local_date_time)
-{
-    typedef toml::parse_local_date_time parser;
-    typedef toml::is_local_date_time<toml::character> acceptor;
-    {
-        const std::string source("1979-09-27T12:34:56");
-        const toml::Datetime expected(1979, 9, 27, 12, 34, 56, 0, 0);
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("1979-09-27T12:34:56.789000");
-        const toml::Datetime expected(1979, 9, 27, 12, 34, 56, 789, 0);
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("1000-11-11");
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(!result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == source.begin());
-    }
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_parse_offset_date_time)
-{
-    typedef toml::parse_offset_date_time parser;
-    typedef toml::is_offset_date_time<toml::character> acceptor;
-    {
-        const std::string source("1979-09-27T12:34:56Z");
-        const toml::Datetime expected(1979, 9, 27, 12, 34, 56, 0, 0, 0, 0);
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("1979-09-27T12:34:56.789000Z");
-        const toml::Datetime expected(1979, 9, 27, 12, 34, 56, 789, 0, 0, 0);
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-
-    {
-        const std::string source("1979-09-27T12:34:56+07:30");
-        const toml::Datetime expected(1979, 9, 27, 12, 34, 56, 0, 0, 7, 30);
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("1979-09-27T12:34:56.789000+07:30");
-        const toml::Datetime expected(1979, 9, 27, 12, 34, 56, 789, 0, 7, 30);
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-
-    {
-        const std::string source("1979-09-27T12:34:56-07:30");
-        const toml::Datetime expected(1979, 9, 27, 12, 34, 56, 0, 0, -7, -30);
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("1979-09-27T12:34:56.789000-07:30");
-        const toml::Datetime expected(1979, 9, 27, 12, 34, 56, 789, 0, -7, -30);
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("1000-11-11");
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(!result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == source.begin());
-    }
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_parse_datetime)
-{
-    typedef toml::parse_datetime parser;
-    typedef toml::is_datetime<toml::character> acceptor;
-    {
-        const std::string source("1979-09-27T12:34:56Z");
-        const toml::Datetime expected(1979, 9, 27, 12, 34, 56, 0, 0, 0, 0);
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("1979-09-27T12:34:56");
-        const toml::Datetime expected(1979, 9, 27, 12, 34, 56, 0, 0);
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("1979-09-27");
-        const toml::Datetime expected(1979, 9, 27);
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("12:34:56");
-        const toml::Datetime expected(12, 34, 56, 0, 0);
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result.first.get(), expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("12");
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(!result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == source.begin());
-    }
-}
-
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_parse_array)
-{
-    typedef toml::parse_array<toml::character> parser;
-    typedef toml::is_array<toml::character>  acceptor;
-    {
-        const std::string source("[1,2,3]");
-        const toml::Array expected{1, 2, 3};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("[1, 2, 3]");
-        const toml::Array expected{1, 2, 3};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("[ 1,2,3 ]");
-        const toml::Array expected{1, 2, 3};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("[ 1 , 2 , 3 ]");
-        const toml::Array expected{1, 2, 3};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("[ 1 \n,#comment\n 2 ,\n 3\n ]");
-        const toml::Array expected{1, 2, 3};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("[ # empty array\n ]");
-        const toml::Array expected{};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("[ \"] \", ' # ', \n']', # ] \n]");
-        const toml::Array expected{"] ", " # ", "]"};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-
-    {
-        const std::string source("[ \"Test #11 ]proved that\", 'Experiment #9 was a success' ]");
-        const toml::Array expected{"Test #11 ]proved that", "Experiment #9 was a success"};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-
-    {
-        const std::string source("[ \"Test #11 ]proved that\", 'Experiment #9 was a success' ]");
-        const toml::Array expected{"Test #11 ]proved that", "Experiment #9 was a success"};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-
-    {
-        const std::string source("[ [1,2,3] , ['a', 'b', 'c'] ]");
-        const toml::Array expected{{1,2,3}, {"a", "b", "c"}};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-
-    {
-        const std::string source("[ {foo=1}, {foo=1, bar=2.0}, {foo=1, bar=2.0, baz='str'} ]");
-        const toml::Array expected{{{"foo", 1}}, {{"foo", 1}, {"bar", 2.0}}, {{"foo", 1}, {"bar", 2.0}, {"baz", "str"}}};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("[dummy]");
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(!result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == source.begin());
-    }
-}
-
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_parse_inline_table)
-{
-    typedef toml::parse_inline_table<toml::character> parser;
-    typedef toml::is_inline_table<toml::character>  acceptor;
-    {
-        const std::string source("{foo=1,bar=2.0,baz='str'}");
-        const toml::Table expected{{"foo", 1}, {"bar", 2.0}, {"baz", "str"}};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("{ foo=1, bar=2.0, baz='str' }");
-        const toml::Table expected{{"foo", 1}, {"bar", 2.0}, {"baz", "str"}};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("{ foo = 1, bar = 2.0, baz = 'str' }");
-        const toml::Table expected{{"foo", 1}, {"bar", 2.0}, {"baz", "str"}};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-
-    {
-        const std::string source("{b=true, i=1, f=2.0, d=1907-03-02T07:32:00, s='str', a=[1,2,3], t={foo=1}}");
-        const toml::Table expected{{"b", true}, {"i", 1}, {"f", 2.0},
-                                   {"d", toml::Datetime(1907,3,2,7,32,0,0,0)},
-                                   {"s", "str"}, {"a", {1, 2, 3}},
-                                   {"t", {{"foo", 1}}}};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("{dummy}");
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(!result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == source.begin());
-    }
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_parse_barekey)
-{
-    typedef toml::parse_barekey parser;
-    typedef toml::is_barekey<toml::character> acceptor;
-    {
-        const std::string source("hoge");
-        const toml::key expected("hoge");
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("bare-key");
-        const toml::key expected("bare-key");
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("bare_key");
-        const toml::key expected("bare_key");
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("42");
-        const toml::key expected("42");
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-}
-
-
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_key_value_pair)
-{
-    typedef toml::parse_key_value_pair<char> parser;
-    typedef toml::is_key_value_pair<char>  acceptor;
-    {
-        const std::string source("key=1");
-        const std::pair<toml::key, toml::value> expected{"key", 1};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("key =\t1");
-        const std::pair<toml::key, toml::value> expected{"key", 1};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("key = true");
-        const std::pair<toml::key, toml::value> expected{"key", true};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("key = -42");
-        const std::pair<toml::key, toml::value> expected{"key", -42};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("key = -42.0");
-        const std::pair<toml::key, toml::value> expected{"key", -42.};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("key = \"string\"");
-        const std::pair<toml::key, toml::value> expected{"key", "string"};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("key = 1901-01-01T00:00:00");
-        const std::pair<toml::key, toml::value> expected{"key", toml::Datetime(1901, 1,1,0,0,0,0,0)};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("key = [1,2,3]");
-        const std::pair<toml::key, toml::value> expected{"key", {1,2,3}};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("key = {foo=1,bar=2.0,baz='3'}");
-        const std::pair<toml::key, toml::value> expected{"key",
-            {{"foo", 1}, {"bar", 2.0}, {"baz", "3"}}};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_table_definition)
-{
-    typedef toml::parse_table_definition parser;
-    typedef toml::is_table_definition<char>  acceptor;
-    {
-        const std::string source("[foo]");
-        const std::vector<toml::key> expected{"foo"};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("[foo.bar.baz]");
-        const std::vector<toml::key> expected{"foo", "bar", "baz"};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("[foo . bar. baz]");
-        const std::vector<toml::key> expected{"foo", "bar", "baz"};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("[foo . \"bar\" . baz]");
-        const std::vector<toml::key> expected{"foo", "bar", "baz"};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("[foo . \"b\\tar\" . baz]");
-        const std::vector<toml::key> expected{"foo", "b\tar", "baz"};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_array_of_table_definition)
-{
-    typedef toml::parse_array_of_table_definition parser;
-    typedef toml::is_array_of_table_definition<char>  acceptor;
-    {
-        const std::string source("[[foo]]");
-        const std::vector<toml::key> expected{"foo"};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("[[foo.bar.baz]]");
-        const std::vector<toml::key> expected{"foo", "bar", "baz"};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("[[foo . bar. baz]]");
-        const std::vector<toml::key> expected{"foo", "bar", "baz"};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("[[foo . \"bar\" . baz]]");
-        const std::vector<toml::key> expected{"foo", "bar", "baz"};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("[[foo . \"b\\tar\" . baz]]");
-        const std::vector<toml::key> expected{"foo", "b\tar", "baz"};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.ok());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.first.get() == expected);
-        BOOST_CHECK(result.second == acceptor::invoke(source.begin(), source.end()));
-    }
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_parse_data)
-{
-    typedef toml::parse_data parser;
-    {
-        const std::string source("#hogehoge");
-        const toml::Table expected{};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result == expected);
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("key = 'value'");
-        const toml::Table expected{{"key", "value"}};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result == expected);
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("key = 'value' #hoge");
-        const toml::Table expected{{"key", "value"}};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result == expected);
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("[table]\nkey = 'value' #hoge");
-        const toml::Table expected{{"table", {{"key", "value"}} }};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result == expected);
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("[table]\n\tkey = 'value'\n\t#hoge");
-        const toml::Table expected{{"table", {{"key", "value"}} }};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result == expected);
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("[table]\n\tkey = 'value'\n\t#hoge");
-        const toml::Table expected{{"table", {{"key", "value"}} }};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result == expected);
-    }
-    {
-        const std::string source("[nested.table]\n\tkey = 'value'\n\t#hoge");
-        const toml::Table expected{{"nested", {{"table", {{"key", "value"}}}}}};
-        const auto result = parser::invoke(source.cbegin(), source.cend());
-        BOOST_CHECK(result == expected);
-    }
-}

tests/test_result.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,441 @@
+#define BOOST_TEST_MODULE "test_result"
+#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <toml/result.hpp>
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_construct)
+{
+    {
+        auto s = toml::ok(42);
+        toml::result<int, std::string> result(s);
+        BOOST_TEST(!!result);
+        BOOST_TEST(result.is_ok());
+        BOOST_TEST(!result.is_err());
+        BOOST_TEST(result.unwrap() == 42);
+    }
+    {
+        const auto s = toml::ok(42);
+        toml::result<int, std::string> result(s);
+        BOOST_TEST(!!result);
+        BOOST_TEST(result.is_ok());
+        BOOST_TEST(!result.is_err());
+        BOOST_TEST(result.unwrap() == 42);
+    }
+    {
+        toml::result<int, std::string> result(toml::ok(42));
+        BOOST_TEST(!!result);
+        BOOST_TEST(result.is_ok());
+        BOOST_TEST(!result.is_err());
+        BOOST_TEST(result.unwrap() == 42);
+    }
+
+    {
+        auto f = toml::err<std::string>("foobar");
+        toml::result<int, std::string> result(f);
+        BOOST_TEST(!result);
+        BOOST_TEST(!result.is_ok());
+        BOOST_TEST(result.is_err());
+        BOOST_TEST(result.unwrap_err() == "foobar");
+    }
+    {
+        const auto f = toml::err<std::string>("foobar");
+        toml::result<int, std::string> result(f);
+        BOOST_TEST(!result);
+        BOOST_TEST(!result.is_ok());
+        BOOST_TEST(result.is_err());
+        BOOST_TEST(result.unwrap_err() == "foobar");
+    }
+    {
+        toml::result<int, std::string> result(toml::err<std::string>("foobar"));
+        BOOST_TEST(!result);
+        BOOST_TEST(!result.is_ok());
+        BOOST_TEST(result.is_err());
+        BOOST_TEST(result.unwrap_err() == "foobar");
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_assignment)
+{
+    {
+        toml::result<int, std::string> result(toml::err<std::string>("foobar"));
+        result = toml::ok(42);
+        BOOST_TEST(!!result);
+        BOOST_TEST(result.is_ok());
+        BOOST_TEST(!result.is_err());
+        BOOST_TEST(result.unwrap() == 42);
+    }
+    {
+        toml::result<int, std::string> result(toml::err<std::string>("foobar"));
+        auto s = toml::ok(42);
+        result = s;
+        BOOST_TEST(!!result);
+        BOOST_TEST(result.is_ok());
+        BOOST_TEST(!result.is_err());
+        BOOST_TEST(result.unwrap() == 42);
+    }
+    {
+        toml::result<int, std::string> result(toml::err<std::string>("foobar"));
+        const auto s = toml::ok(42);
+        result = s;
+        BOOST_TEST(!!result);
+        BOOST_TEST(result.is_ok());
+        BOOST_TEST(!result.is_err());
+        BOOST_TEST(result.unwrap() == 42);
+    }
+    {
+        toml::result<int, std::string> result(toml::err<std::string>("foobar"));
+        result = toml::err<std::string>("hoge");
+        BOOST_TEST(!result);
+        BOOST_TEST(!result.is_ok());
+        BOOST_TEST(result.is_err());
+        BOOST_TEST(result.unwrap_err() == "hoge");
+    }
+    {
+        toml::result<int, std::string> result(toml::err<std::string>("foobar"));
+        auto f = toml::err<std::string>("hoge");
+        result = f;
+        BOOST_TEST(!result);
+        BOOST_TEST(!result.is_ok());
+        BOOST_TEST(result.is_err());
+        BOOST_TEST(result.unwrap_err() == "hoge");
+    }
+    {
+        toml::result<int, std::string> result(toml::err<std::string>("foobar"));
+        const auto f = toml::err<std::string>("hoge");
+        result = f;
+        BOOST_TEST(!result);
+        BOOST_TEST(!result.is_ok());
+        BOOST_TEST(result.is_err());
+        BOOST_TEST(result.unwrap_err() == "hoge");
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_map)
+{
+    {
+        const toml::result<int, std::string> result(toml::ok(42));
+        const auto mapped = result.map(
+                [](const int i) -> int {
+                    return i * 2;
+                });
+
+        BOOST_TEST(!!mapped);
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped.is_ok());
+        BOOST_TEST(!mapped.is_err());
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped.unwrap() == 42 * 2);
+    }
+    {
+        toml::result<std::unique_ptr<int>, std::string>
+            result(toml::ok(std::unique_ptr<int>(new int(42))));
+        const auto mapped = std::move(result).map(
+                [](std::unique_ptr<int> i) -> int {
+                    return *i;
+                });
+
+        BOOST_TEST(!!mapped);
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped.is_ok());
+        BOOST_TEST(!mapped.is_err());
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped.unwrap() == 42);
+    }
+    {
+        const toml::result<int, std::string> result(toml::err<std::string>("hoge"));
+        const auto mapped = result.map(
+                [](const int i) -> int {
+                    return i * 2;
+                });
+
+        BOOST_TEST(!mapped);
+        BOOST_TEST(!mapped.is_ok());
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped.is_err());
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped.unwrap_err() == "hoge");
+    }
+    {
+        toml::result<std::unique_ptr<int>, std::string>
+            result(toml::err<std::string>("hoge"));
+        const auto mapped = std::move(result).map(
+                [](std::unique_ptr<int> i) -> int {
+                    return *i;
+                });
+
+        BOOST_TEST(!mapped);
+        BOOST_TEST(!mapped.is_ok());
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped.is_err());
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped.unwrap_err() == "hoge");
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_map_err)
+{
+    {
+        const toml::result<int, std::string> result(toml::ok(42));
+        const auto mapped = result.map_err(
+                [](const std::string s) -> std::string {
+                    return s + s;
+                });
+
+        BOOST_TEST(!!mapped);
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped.is_ok());
+        BOOST_TEST(!mapped.is_err());
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped.unwrap() == 42);
+    }
+    {
+        toml::result<std::unique_ptr<int>, std::string>
+            result(toml::ok(std::unique_ptr<int>(new int(42))));
+        const auto mapped = std::move(result).map_err(
+                [](const std::string s) -> std::string {
+                    return s + s;
+                });
+
+        BOOST_TEST(!!mapped);
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped.is_ok());
+        BOOST_TEST(!mapped.is_err());
+        BOOST_TEST(*(mapped.unwrap()) == 42);
+    }
+    {
+        const toml::result<int, std::string> result(toml::err<std::string>("hoge"));
+        const auto mapped = result.map_err(
+                [](const std::string s) -> std::string {
+                    return s + s;
+                });
+        BOOST_TEST(!mapped);
+        BOOST_TEST(!mapped.is_ok());
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped.is_err());
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped.unwrap_err() == "hogehoge");
+    }
+    {
+        toml::result<int, std::unique_ptr<std::string>>
+            result(toml::err(std::unique_ptr<std::string>(new std::string("hoge"))));
+        const auto mapped = std::move(result).map_err(
+                [](std::unique_ptr<std::string> p) -> std::string {
+                    return *p;
+                });
+
+        BOOST_TEST(!mapped);
+        BOOST_TEST(!mapped.is_ok());
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped.is_err());
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped.unwrap_err() == "hoge");
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_map_or_else)
+{
+    {
+        const toml::result<int, std::string> result(toml::ok(42));
+        const auto mapped = result.map_or_else(
+                [](const int i) -> int {
+                    return i * 2;
+                }, 54);
+
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped == 42 * 2);
+    }
+    {
+        toml::result<std::unique_ptr<int>, std::string>
+            result(toml::ok(std::unique_ptr<int>(new int(42))));
+        const auto mapped = std::move(result).map_or_else(
+                [](std::unique_ptr<int> i) -> int {
+                    return *i;
+                }, 54);
+
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped == 42);
+    }
+    {
+        const toml::result<int, std::string> result(toml::err<std::string>("hoge"));
+        const auto mapped = result.map_or_else(
+                [](const int i) -> int {
+                    return i * 2;
+                }, 54);
+
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped == 54);
+    }
+    {
+        toml::result<std::unique_ptr<int>, std::string>
+            result(toml::err<std::string>("hoge"));
+        const auto mapped = std::move(result).map_or_else(
+                [](std::unique_ptr<int> i) -> int {
+                    return *i;
+                }, 54);
+
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped == 54);
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_map_err_or_else)
+{
+    {
+        const toml::result<int, std::string> result(toml::ok(42));
+        const auto mapped = result.map_err_or_else(
+                [](const std::string i) -> std::string {
+                    return i + i;
+                }, "foobar");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped == "foobar");
+    }
+    {
+        toml::result<std::unique_ptr<int>, std::string>
+            result(toml::ok(std::unique_ptr<int>(new int(42))));
+        const auto mapped = std::move(result).map_err_or_else(
+                [](const std::string i) -> std::string {
+                    return i + i;
+                }, "foobar");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped == "foobar");
+    }
+    {
+        const toml::result<int, std::string> result(toml::err<std::string>("hoge"));
+        const auto mapped = result.map_err_or_else(
+                [](const std::string i) -> std::string {
+                    return i + i;
+                }, "foobar");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped == "hogehoge");
+    }
+    {
+        toml::result<std::unique_ptr<int>, std::string>
+            result(toml::err<std::string>("hoge"));
+        const auto mapped = result.map_err_or_else(
+                [](const std::string i) -> std::string {
+                    return i + i;
+                }, "foobar");
+
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped == "hogehoge");
+    }
+}
+
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_and_then)
+{
+    {
+        const toml::result<int, std::string> result(toml::ok(42));
+        const auto mapped = result.and_then(
+                [](const int i) -> toml::result<int, std::string> {
+                    return toml::ok(i * 2);
+                });
+
+        BOOST_TEST(!!mapped);
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped.is_ok());
+        BOOST_TEST(!mapped.is_err());
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped.unwrap() == 42 * 2);
+    }
+    {
+        toml::result<std::unique_ptr<int>, std::string>
+            result(toml::ok(std::unique_ptr<int>(new int(42))));
+        const auto mapped = std::move(result).and_then(
+                [](std::unique_ptr<int> i) -> toml::result<int, std::string> {
+                    return toml::ok(*i);
+                });
+
+        BOOST_TEST(!!mapped);
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped.is_ok());
+        BOOST_TEST(!mapped.is_err());
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped.unwrap() == 42);
+    }
+    {
+        const toml::result<int, std::string> result(toml::err<std::string>("hoge"));
+        const auto mapped = result.and_then(
+                [](const int i) -> toml::result<int, std::string> {
+                    return toml::ok(i * 2);
+                });
+
+        BOOST_TEST(!mapped);
+        BOOST_TEST(!mapped.is_ok());
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped.is_err());
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped.unwrap_err() == "hoge");
+    }
+    {
+        toml::result<std::unique_ptr<int>, std::string>
+            result(toml::err<std::string>("hoge"));
+        const auto mapped = std::move(result).and_then(
+                [](std::unique_ptr<int> i) -> toml::result<int, std::string> {
+                    return toml::ok(*i);
+                });
+
+        BOOST_TEST(!mapped);
+        BOOST_TEST(!mapped.is_ok());
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped.is_err());
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped.unwrap_err() == "hoge");
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_or_else)
+{
+    {
+        const toml::result<int, std::string> result(toml::ok(42));
+        const auto mapped = result.or_else(
+                [](const std::string& s) -> toml::result<int, std::string> {
+                    return toml::err(s + s);
+                });
+
+        BOOST_TEST(!!mapped);
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped.is_ok());
+        BOOST_TEST(!mapped.is_err());
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped.unwrap() == 42);
+    }
+    {
+        toml::result<std::unique_ptr<int>, std::string>
+            result(toml::ok(std::unique_ptr<int>(new int(42))));
+        const auto mapped = std::move(result).or_else(
+                [](const std::string& s) -> toml::result<std::unique_ptr<int>, std::string> {
+                    return toml::err(s + s);
+                });
+
+        BOOST_TEST(!!mapped);
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped.is_ok());
+        BOOST_TEST(!mapped.is_err());
+        BOOST_TEST(*mapped.unwrap() == 42);
+    }
+    {
+        const toml::result<int, std::string> result(toml::err<std::string>("hoge"));
+        const auto mapped = result.or_else(
+                [](const std::string& s) -> toml::result<int, std::string> {
+                    return toml::err(s + s);
+                });
+
+        BOOST_TEST(!mapped);
+        BOOST_TEST(!mapped.is_ok());
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped.is_err());
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped.unwrap_err() == "hogehoge");
+    }
+    {
+        toml::result<std::unique_ptr<int>, std::string>
+            result(toml::err<std::string>("hoge"));
+        const auto mapped = std::move(result).or_else(
+                [](const std::string& s) -> toml::result<std::unique_ptr<int>, std::string> {
+                    return toml::err(s + s);
+                });
+
+        BOOST_TEST(!mapped);
+        BOOST_TEST(!mapped.is_ok());
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped.is_err());
+        BOOST_TEST(mapped.unwrap_err() == "hogehoge");
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_and_or_other)
+{
+    {
+        const toml::result<int, std::string> r1(toml::ok(42));
+        const toml::result<int, std::string> r2(toml::err<std::string>("foo"));
+
+        BOOST_TEST(r1 ==    r1.or_other(r2));
+        BOOST_TEST(r2 ==    r1.and_other(r2));
+        BOOST_TEST(42 ==    r1.or_other(r2).unwrap());
+        BOOST_TEST("foo" == r1.and_other(r2).unwrap_err());
+    }
+    {
+        auto r1_gen = []() -> toml::result<int, std::string> {
+            return toml::ok(42);
+        };
+        auto r2_gen = []() -> toml::result<int, std::string> {
+            return toml::err<std::string>("foo");
+        };
+        const auto r3 = r1_gen();
+        const auto r4 = r2_gen();
+
+        BOOST_TEST(r3 == r1_gen().or_other (r2_gen()));
+        BOOST_TEST(r4 == r1_gen().and_other(r2_gen()));
+        BOOST_TEST(42 ==    r1_gen().or_other (r2_gen()).unwrap());
+        BOOST_TEST("foo" == r1_gen().and_other(r2_gen()).unwrap_err());
+    }
+}
+
+

tests/test_serialize_file.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,305 @@
+#define BOOST_TEST_MODULE "test_serialize_file"
+#ifdef UNITTEST_FRAMEWORK_LIBRARY_EXIST
+#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
+#else
+#define BOOST_TEST_NO_LIB
+#include <boost/test/included/unit_test.hpp>
+#endif
+#include <toml.hpp>
+#include <deque>
+#include <map>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <fstream>
+
+template<typename Comment,
+         template<typename ...> class Table,
+         template<typename ...> class Array>
+bool has_comment_inside(const toml::basic_value<Comment, Table, Array>& v)
+{
+    if(!v.comments().empty())
+    {
+        return false;
+    }
+    // v itself does not have a comment.
+    if(v.is_array())
+    {
+        for(const auto& x : v.as_array())
+        {
+            if(has_comment_inside(x))
+            {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if(v.is_table())
+    {
+        for(const auto& x : v.as_table())
+        {
+            if(has_comment_inside(x.second))
+            {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_example)
+{
+    const auto data = toml::parse("toml/tests/example.toml");
+    {
+        std::ofstream ofs("tmp1.toml");
+        ofs << std::setw(80) << data;
+    }
+
+    auto serialized = toml::parse("tmp1.toml");
+    {
+        auto& owner = toml::find(serialized, "owner");
+        auto& bio   = toml::find<std::string>(owner, "bio");
+        const auto CR = std::find(bio.begin(), bio.end(), '\r');
+        if(CR != bio.end())
+        {
+            bio.erase(CR);
+        }
+    }
+    BOOST_TEST(data == serialized);
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_example_map_dq)
+{
+    const auto data = toml::parse<toml::discard_comments, std::map, std::deque>(
+            "toml/tests/example.toml");
+    {
+        std::ofstream ofs("tmp1_map_dq.toml");
+        ofs << std::setw(80) << data;
+    }
+
+    auto serialized = toml::parse<toml::discard_comments, std::map, std::deque>(
+            "tmp1_map_dq.toml");
+    {
+        auto& owner = toml::find(serialized, "owner");
+        auto& bio   = toml::find<std::string>(owner, "bio");
+        const auto CR = std::find(bio.begin(), bio.end(), '\r');
+        if(CR != bio.end())
+        {
+            bio.erase(CR);
+        }
+    }
+    BOOST_TEST(data == serialized);
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_example_with_comment)
+{
+    const auto data = toml::parse<toml::preserve_comments>("toml/tests/example.toml");
+    {
+        std::ofstream ofs("tmp1_com.toml");
+        ofs << std::setw(80) << data;
+    }
+
+    auto serialized = toml::parse<toml::preserve_comments>("tmp1_com.toml");
+    {
+        auto& owner = toml::find(serialized, "owner");
+        auto& bio   = toml::find<std::string>(owner, "bio");
+        const auto CR = std::find(bio.begin(), bio.end(), '\r');
+        if(CR != bio.end())
+        {
+            bio.erase(CR);
+        }
+    }
+    BOOST_TEST(data == serialized);
+    {
+        std::ofstream ofs("tmp1_com1.toml");
+        ofs << std::setw(80) << serialized;
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_example_with_comment_nocomment)
+{
+    {
+        const auto data = toml::parse<toml::preserve_comments>("toml/tests/example.toml");
+        {
+            std::ofstream ofs("tmp1_com_nocomment.toml");
+            ofs << std::setw(80) << toml::nocomment << data;
+        }
+        const auto serialized = toml::parse<toml::preserve_comments>("tmp1_com_nocomment.toml");
+        // check no comment exist
+        BOOST_TEST(!has_comment_inside(serialized));
+    }
+    {
+        const auto data_nocomment = toml::parse("toml/tests/example.toml");
+        auto serialized = toml::parse("tmp1_com_nocomment.toml");
+        {
+            auto& owner = toml::find(serialized, "owner");
+            auto& bio   = toml::find<std::string>(owner, "bio");
+            const auto CR = std::find(bio.begin(), bio.end(), '\r');
+            if(CR != bio.end())
+            {
+                bio.erase(CR);
+            }
+        }
+        // check collectly serialized
+        BOOST_TEST(data_nocomment == serialized);
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_example_with_comment_map_dq)
+{
+    const auto data = toml::parse<toml::preserve_comments, std::map, std::deque>(
+            "toml/tests/example.toml");
+    {
+        std::ofstream ofs("tmp1_com_map_dq.toml");
+        ofs << std::setw(80) << data;
+    }
+
+    auto serialized = toml::parse<toml::preserve_comments, std::map, std::deque>(
+            "tmp1_com_map_dq.toml");
+    {
+        auto& owner = toml::find(serialized, "owner");
+        auto& bio   = toml::find<std::string>(owner, "bio");
+        const auto CR = std::find(bio.begin(), bio.end(), '\r');
+        if(CR != bio.end())
+        {
+            bio.erase(CR);
+        }
+    }
+    BOOST_TEST(data == serialized);
+    {
+        std::ofstream ofs("tmp1_com1_map_dq.toml");
+        ofs << std::setw(80) << serialized;
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_example_with_comment_map_dq_nocomment)
+{
+    {
+        const auto data = toml::parse<toml::preserve_comments, std::map, std::deque>("toml/tests/example.toml");
+        {
+            std::ofstream ofs("tmp1_com_map_dq_nocomment.toml");
+            ofs << std::setw(80) << toml::nocomment << data;
+        }
+        const auto serialized = toml::parse<toml::preserve_comments, std::map, std::deque>("tmp1_com_map_dq_nocomment.toml");
+        BOOST_TEST(!has_comment_inside(serialized));
+    }
+    {
+        const auto data_nocomment = toml::parse("toml/tests/example.toml");
+        auto serialized = toml::parse("tmp1_com_map_dq_nocomment.toml");
+        {
+            auto& owner = toml::find(serialized, "owner");
+            auto& bio   = toml::find<std::string>(owner, "bio");
+            const auto CR = std::find(bio.begin(), bio.end(), '\r');
+            if(CR != bio.end())
+            {
+                bio.erase(CR);
+            }
+        }
+        BOOST_TEST(data_nocomment == serialized);
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_fruit)
+{
+    const auto data = toml::parse("toml/tests/fruit.toml");
+    {
+        std::ofstream ofs("tmp2.toml");
+        ofs << std::setw(80) << data;
+    }
+    const auto serialized = toml::parse("tmp2.toml");
+    BOOST_TEST(data == serialized);
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_fruit_map_dq)
+{
+    const auto data = toml::parse<toml::discard_comments, std::map, std::deque>(
+            "toml/tests/fruit.toml");
+    {
+        std::ofstream ofs("tmp2.toml");
+        ofs << std::setw(80) << data;
+    }
+    const auto serialized = toml::parse<toml::discard_comments, std::map, std::deque>(
+            "tmp2.toml");
+    BOOST_TEST(data == serialized);
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_fruit_with_comments)
+{
+    const auto data = toml::parse<toml::preserve_comments>("toml/tests/fruit.toml");
+    {
+        std::ofstream ofs("tmp2_com.toml");
+        ofs << std::setw(80) << data;
+    }
+    const auto serialized = toml::parse<toml::preserve_comments>("tmp2_com.toml");
+    BOOST_TEST(data == serialized);
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_fruit_with_comments_map_dq)
+{
+    const auto data = toml::parse<toml::preserve_comments, std::map, std::deque>(
+        "toml/tests/fruit.toml");
+    {
+        std::ofstream ofs("tmp2_com.toml");
+        ofs << std::setw(80) << data;
+    }
+    const auto serialized = toml::parse<toml::preserve_comments, std::map, std::deque>("tmp2_com.toml");
+    BOOST_TEST(data == serialized);
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_hard_example)
+{
+    const auto data = toml::parse("toml/tests/hard_example.toml");
+    {
+        std::ofstream ofs("tmp3.toml");
+        ofs << std::setw(80) << data;
+    }
+    const auto serialized = toml::parse("tmp3.toml");
+    BOOST_TEST(data == serialized);
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_hard_example_map_dq)
+{
+    const auto data = toml::parse<toml::discard_comments, std::map, std::deque>(
+            "toml/tests/hard_example.toml");
+    {
+        std::ofstream ofs("tmp3.toml");
+        ofs << std::setw(80) << data;
+    }
+    const auto serialized = toml::parse<toml::discard_comments, std::map, std::deque>(
+            "tmp3.toml");
+    BOOST_TEST(data == serialized);
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_hard_example_with_comment)
+{
+    const auto data = toml::parse<toml::preserve_comments, std::map, std::deque>(
+            "toml/tests/hard_example.toml");
+    {
+        std::ofstream ofs("tmp3_com.toml");
+        ofs << std::setw(80) << data;
+    }
+    const auto serialized = toml::parse<toml::preserve_comments, std::map, std::deque>(
+            "tmp3_com.toml");
+    {
+        std::ofstream ofs("tmp3_com1.toml");
+        ofs << std::setw(80) << serialized;
+    }
+    BOOST_TEST(data == serialized);
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_format_key)
+{
+    {
+        const toml::key key("normal_bare-key");
+        BOOST_TEST("normal_bare-key" == toml::format_key(key));
+    }
+    {
+        const toml::key key("key.include.dots");
+        BOOST_TEST("\"key.include.dots\"" == toml::format_key(key));
+    }
+    {
+        const toml::key key("key-include-unicode-\xE3\x81\x82");
+        BOOST_TEST("\"key-include-unicode-\xE3\x81\x82\"" == toml::format_key(key));
+    }
+    {
+        const toml::key key("special-chars-\\-\"-\b-\f-\r-\n-\t");
+        BOOST_TEST("\"special-chars-\\\\-\\\"-\\b-\\f-\\r-\\n-\\t\"" == toml::format_key(key));
+    }
+}

tests/test_string.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+#define BOOST_TEST_MODULE "test_string"
+#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
+#include <toml.hpp>
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_basic_string)
+{
+    {
+        const toml::string str("basic string");
+        std::ostringstream oss;
+        oss << str;
+        BOOST_TEST(oss.str() == "\"basic string\"");
+    }
+    {
+        const std::string  s1 ("basic string");
+        const toml::string str(s1);
+        std::ostringstream oss;
+        oss << str;
+        BOOST_TEST(oss.str() == "\"basic string\"");
+    }
+    {
+        const toml::string str("basic string", toml::string_t::basic);
+        std::ostringstream oss;
+        oss << str;
+        BOOST_TEST(oss.str() == "\"basic string\"");
+    }
+    {
+        const std::string  s1 ("basic string");
+        const toml::string str(s1, toml::string_t::basic);
+        std::ostringstream oss;
+        oss << str;
+        BOOST_TEST(oss.str() == "\"basic string\"");
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_basic_ml_string)
+{
+    {
+        const toml::string str("basic\nstring");
+        std::ostringstream oss1;
+        oss1 << str;
+        std::ostringstream oss2;
+        oss2 << "\"\"\"\nbasic\nstring\\\n\"\"\"";
+        BOOST_TEST(oss1.str() == oss2.str());
+    }
+    {
+        const std::string  s1 ("basic\nstring");
+        const toml::string str(s1);
+        std::ostringstream oss1;
+        oss1 << str;
+        std::ostringstream oss2;
+        oss2 << "\"\"\"\nbasic\nstring\\\n\"\"\"";
+        BOOST_TEST(oss1.str() == oss2.str());
+    }
+    {
+        const toml::string str("basic\nstring", toml::string_t::basic);
+        std::ostringstream oss1;
+        oss1 << str;
+        std::ostringstream oss2;
+        oss2 << "\"\"\"\nbasic\nstring\\\n\"\"\"";
+        BOOST_TEST(oss1.str() == oss2.str());
+
+    }
+    {
+        const std::string  s1 ("basic\nstring");
+        const toml::string str(s1, toml::string_t::basic);
+        std::ostringstream oss1;
+        oss1 << str;
+        std::ostringstream oss2;
+        oss2 << "\"\"\"\nbasic\nstring\\\n\"\"\"";
+        BOOST_TEST(oss1.str() == oss2.str());
+    }
+}
+
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_literal_string)
+{
+    {
+        const toml::string str("literal string", toml::string_t::literal);
+        std::ostringstream oss;
+        oss << str;
+        BOOST_TEST(oss.str() == "'literal string'");
+    }
+    {
+        const std::string  s1 ("literal string");
+        const toml::string str(s1, toml::string_t::literal);
+        std::ostringstream oss;
+        oss << str;
+        BOOST_TEST(oss.str() == "'literal string'");
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_literal_ml_string)
+{
+    {
+        const toml::string str("literal\nstring", toml::string_t::literal);
+        std::ostringstream oss1;
+        oss1 << str;
+        std::ostringstream oss2;
+        oss2 << "'''\nliteral\nstring'''";
+        BOOST_TEST(oss1.str() == oss2.str());
+
+    }
+    {
+        const std::string  s1 ("literal\nstring");
+        const toml::string str(s1, toml::string_t::literal);
+        std::ostringstream oss1;
+        oss1 << str;
+        std::ostringstream oss2;
+        oss2 << "'''\nliteral\nstring'''";
+        BOOST_TEST(oss1.str() == oss2.str());
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_string_add_assign)
+{
+    // string literal
+    {
+        toml::string str("foo");
+        str += "bar";
+        BOOST_TEST(str.str == "foobar");
+    }
+    // std::string
+    {
+        toml::string str("foo");
+        std::string str2("bar");
+        str += str2;
+        BOOST_TEST(str.str == "foobar");
+    }
+    // toml::string
+    {
+        toml::string str("foo");
+        toml::string str2("bar");
+        str += str2;
+        BOOST_TEST(str.str == "foobar");
+    }
+#if __cplusplus >= 201703L
+    // std::string_view
+    {
+        toml::string str("foo");
+        str += std::string_view("bar");
+        BOOST_TEST(str == "foobar");
+    }
+#endif
+    // std::string += toml::string
+    {
+        std::string  str("foo");
+        toml::string str2("bar");
+        str += str2;
+        BOOST_TEST(str == "foobar");
+    }
+
+
+}
+

tests/test_to_toml.cpp

@@ -1,105 +0,0 @@
-#define BOOST_TEST_MODULE "test_to_toml"
-#ifdef UNITTEST_FRAMEWORK_LIBRARY_EXIST
-#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
-#else
-#define BOOST_TEST_NO_LIB
-#include <boost/test/included/unit_test.hpp>
-#endif
-#include <toml.hpp>
-#include <map>
-#include <list>
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_to_toml_exact)
-{
-    toml::Boolean  b(true);
-    toml::Integer  i(42);
-    toml::Float    f(3.14);
-    toml::String   s("hoge");
-    toml::Datetime d(std::chrono::system_clock::now());
-    toml::Array    a;
-    a.emplace_back(2);
-    a.emplace_back(7);
-    a.emplace_back(1);
-    a.emplace_back(8);
-    a.emplace_back(2);
-    toml::Table    t;
-    t.emplace("val1", true);
-    t.emplace("val2", 42);
-    t.emplace("val3", 3.14);
-    t.emplace("val4", "piyo");
-
-    auto v1 = toml::to_toml(b);
-    auto v2 = toml::to_toml(i);
-    auto v3 = toml::to_toml(f);
-    auto v4 = toml::to_toml(s);
-    auto v5 = toml::to_toml(d);
-    auto v6 = toml::to_toml(a);
-    auto v7 = toml::to_toml(t);
-
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(v1.type(), toml::value_t::Boolean);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(v2.type(), toml::value_t::Integer);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(v3.type(), toml::value_t::Float);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(v4.type(), toml::value_t::String);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(v5.type(), toml::value_t::Datetime);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(v6.type(), toml::value_t::Array);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(v7.type(), toml::value_t::Table);
-
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(v1.cast<toml::value_t::Boolean >(), b);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(v2.cast<toml::value_t::Integer >(), i);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(v3.cast<toml::value_t::Float   >(), f);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(v4.cast<toml::value_t::String  >(), s);
-    const auto& ar = v6.cast<toml::value_t::Array>();
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(ar.at(0).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), a.at(0).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>());
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(ar.at(1).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), a.at(1).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>());
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(ar.at(2).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), a.at(2).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>());
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(ar.at(3).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), a.at(3).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>());
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(ar.at(4).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), a.at(4).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>());
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_to_toml_castable)
-{
-    auto v1 = toml::to_toml(true);
-    auto v2 = toml::to_toml(42ul);
-    auto v3 = toml::to_toml(3.14f);
-    auto v4 = toml::to_toml("hoge");
-
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(v1.type(), toml::value_t::Boolean);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(v2.type(), toml::value_t::Integer);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(v3.type(), toml::value_t::Float);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(v4.type(), toml::value_t::String);
-
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(v1.cast<toml::value_t::Boolean >(), true);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(v2.cast<toml::value_t::Integer >(), 42);
-    BOOST_CHECK_CLOSE_FRACTION(v3.cast<toml::value_t::Float   >(), 3.14, 1e-5);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(v4.cast<toml::value_t::String  >(), "hoge");
-}
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_to_toml_initializer_list)
-{
-    toml::value v1 = toml::to_toml({3,1,4,1,5});
-    toml::value v2 = toml::to_toml({{"hoge", 1}, {"piyo", 3.14}, {"fuga", "string"}});
-
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(v1.type(), toml::value_t::Array);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(v2.type(), toml::value_t::Table);
-
-    const auto& ar = v1.cast<toml::value_t::Array>();
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(ar.at(0).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), 3);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(ar.at(1).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), 1);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(ar.at(2).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), 4);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(ar.at(3).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), 1);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(ar.at(4).cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), 5);
-
-    const auto& tb = v2.cast<toml::value_t::Table>();
-
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(tb.at("hoge").type(), toml::value_t::Integer);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(tb.at("piyo").type(), toml::value_t::Float);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(tb.at("fuga").type(), toml::value_t::String);
-
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(tb.at("hoge").cast<toml::value_t::Integer>(), 1);
-    BOOST_CHECK_CLOSE_FRACTION(tb.at("piyo").cast<toml::value_t::Float>(), 3.14, 1e-3);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(tb.at("fuga").cast<toml::value_t::String>(),  "string");
-
-}
-
-
-

tests/test_traits.cpp

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 #define BOOST_TEST_NO_LIB
 #include <boost/test/included/unit_test.hpp>
 #endif
-#include <toml.hpp>
+#include <toml/types.hpp>
 
 #include <list>
 #include <forward_list>
@@ -37,53 +37,48 @@ typedef std::unordered_map<std::string, dummy_type> std_unordered_map_type;
 
 BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_has_xxx)
 {
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::has_iterator<std::list<dummy_type>>::value);
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::has_iterator<std::forward_list<dummy_type>>::value);
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::has_iterator<std::deque<dummy_type>>::value);
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::has_iterator<std::vector<dummy_type>>::value);
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::has_iterator<std::set<dummy_type>>::value);
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::has_iterator<std::unordered_set<std::string>>::value);
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::has_iterator<std_array_type>::value);
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::has_iterator<std_map_type>::value);
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::has_iterator<std_unordered_map_type>::value);
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::has_iterator<dummy_container<dummy_type>>::value);
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::detail::has_iterator<std::list<dummy_type>>::value);
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::detail::has_iterator<std::forward_list<dummy_type>>::value);
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::detail::has_iterator<std::deque<dummy_type>>::value);
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::detail::has_iterator<std::vector<dummy_type>>::value);
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::detail::has_iterator<std::set<dummy_type>>::value);
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::detail::has_iterator<std::unordered_set<std::string>>::value);
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::detail::has_iterator<std_array_type>::value);
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::detail::has_iterator<std_map_type>::value);
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::detail::has_iterator<std_unordered_map_type>::value);
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::detail::has_iterator<dummy_container<dummy_type>>::value);
 
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::has_value_type<std::list<dummy_type>>::value);
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::has_value_type<std::forward_list<dummy_type>>::value);
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::has_value_type<std::deque<dummy_type>>::value);
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::has_value_type<std::vector<dummy_type>>::value);
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::has_value_type<std_array_type>::value);
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::has_value_type<std::set<dummy_type>>::value);
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::has_value_type<std::unordered_set<std::string>>::value);
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::has_value_type<std_map_type>::value);
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::has_value_type<std_unordered_map_type>::value);
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::has_value_type<dummy_container<dummy_type>>::value);
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::detail::has_value_type<std::list<dummy_type>>::value);
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::detail::has_value_type<std::forward_list<dummy_type>>::value);
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::detail::has_value_type<std::deque<dummy_type>>::value);
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::detail::has_value_type<std::vector<dummy_type>>::value);
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::detail::has_value_type<std_array_type>::value);
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::detail::has_value_type<std::set<dummy_type>>::value);
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::detail::has_value_type<std::unordered_set<std::string>>::value);
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::detail::has_value_type<std_map_type>::value);
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::detail::has_value_type<std_unordered_map_type>::value);
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::detail::has_value_type<dummy_container<dummy_type>>::value);
 
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::has_key_type<std_map_type>::value);
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::has_key_type<std_unordered_map_type>::value);
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::has_mapped_type<std_map_type>::value);
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::has_mapped_type<std_unordered_map_type>::value);
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::detail::has_key_type<std_map_type>::value);
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::detail::has_key_type<std_unordered_map_type>::value);
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::detail::has_mapped_type<std_map_type>::value);
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::detail::has_mapped_type<std_unordered_map_type>::value);
 }
 
 BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_is_xxx)
 {
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::is_container<std::list<dummy_type>>::value);
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::is_container<std::forward_list<dummy_type>>::value);
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::is_container<std::deque<dummy_type>>::value);
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::is_container<std::vector<dummy_type>>::value);
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::is_container<std_array_type>::value);
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::is_container<std::set<dummy_type>>::value);
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::is_container<std::unordered_set<std::string>>::value);
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::is_container<std_map_type>::value);
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::is_container<std_unordered_map_type>::value);
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::is_container<dummy_container<dummy_type>>::value);
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::detail::is_container<std::list<dummy_type>>::value);
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::detail::is_container<std::forward_list<dummy_type>>::value);
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::detail::is_container<std::deque<dummy_type>>::value);
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::detail::is_container<std::vector<dummy_type>>::value);
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::detail::is_container<std_array_type>::value);
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::detail::is_container<std::set<dummy_type>>::value);
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::detail::is_container<std::unordered_set<std::string>>::value);
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::detail::is_container<dummy_container<dummy_type>>::value);
 
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::is_map<std_map_type>::value);
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::is_map<std_unordered_map_type>::value);
+    BOOST_TEST(!toml::detail::is_container<std_map_type>::value);
+    BOOST_TEST(!toml::detail::is_container<std_unordered_map_type>::value);
 
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::is_key_convertible<std_map_type>::value);
-    BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::is_key_convertible<std_unordered_map_type>::value);
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::detail::is_map<std_map_type>::value);
+    BOOST_TEST(toml::detail::is_map<std_unordered_map_type>::value);
 }
-
-
-

tests/test_utility.cpp

@@ -9,56 +9,41 @@
 #include <vector>
 #include <array>
 
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_resize)
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_try_reserve)
 {
     {
-        typedef std::vector<int>  resizable_type;
-        typedef std::array<int,1> non_resizable_type;
-        BOOST_CHECK(toml::detail::has_resize_method<resizable_type>::value);
-        BOOST_CHECK(!toml::detail::has_resize_method<non_resizable_type>::value);
+        // since BOOST_TEST is a macro, it cannot handle commas correctly.
+        // When toml::detail::has_reserve_method<std::array<int, 1>>::value
+        // is passed to a macro, C preprocessor considers
+        // toml::detail::has_reserve_method<std::array<int as the first argument
+        // and 1>>::value as the second argument. We need an alias to avoid
+        // this problem.
+        using reservable_type    = std::vector<int>  ;
+        using nonreservable_type = std::array<int, 1>;
+        BOOST_TEST( toml::detail::has_reserve_method<reservable_type   >::value);
+        BOOST_TEST(!toml::detail::has_reserve_method<nonreservable_type>::value);
     }
-
     {
-        bool thrown = false;
         std::vector<int> v;
-        try
-        {
-            toml::resize(v, 10);
-        }
-        catch(std::exception& ex)
-        {
-            thrown = true;
-        }
-        BOOST_CHECK(!thrown);
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(v.size(), 10);
-    }
-
-    {
-        bool thrown = false;
-        std::array<int, 15> a;
-        try
-        {
-            toml::resize(a, 10);
-        }
-        catch(std::exception& ex)
-        {
-            thrown = true;
-        }
-        BOOST_CHECK(!thrown);
-        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(a.size(), 15);
-    }
-
-    {
-        bool thrown = false;
-        std::array<int, 15> a;
-        try
-        {
-            toml::resize(a, 20);
-        }
-        catch(std::exception& ex)
-        {
-            thrown = true;
-        }
-        BOOST_CHECK(thrown);
+        toml::try_reserve(v, 100);
+        BOOST_TEST(v.capacity() == 100u);
+    }
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_concat_to_string)
+{
+    const std::string cat = toml::concat_to_string("foo", "bar", 42);
+    BOOST_TEST(cat == "foobar42");
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_from_string)
+{
+    {
+        const std::string str("123");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::from_string<int>(str, 0) == 123);
+    }
+    {
+        const std::string str("01");
+        BOOST_TEST(toml::from_string<int>(str, 0) == 1);
     }
 }

tests/test_value_operator.cpp

@@ -1,98 +0,0 @@
-#define BOOST_TEST_MODULE "test_value_operator"
-#ifdef UNITTEST_FRAMEWORK_LIBRARY_EXIST
-#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
-#else
-#define BOOST_TEST_NO_LIB
-#include <boost/test/included/unit_test.hpp>
-#endif
-#include <toml.hpp>
-#include <map>
-#include <list>
-
-BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_value_equal)
-{
-    toml::Boolean  b(true);
-    toml::Integer  i(42);
-    toml::Float    f(3.14);
-    toml::String   s("hoge");
-    toml::Datetime d(std::chrono::system_clock::now());
-    toml::Array    a;
-    a.emplace_back(2);
-    a.emplace_back(7);
-    a.emplace_back(1);
-    a.emplace_back(8);
-    a.emplace_back(2);
-    toml::Table    t;
-    t.emplace("val1", true);
-    t.emplace("val2", 42);
-    t.emplace("val3", 3.14);
-    t.emplace("val4", "piyo");
-
-    toml::value v1(b);
-    toml::value v2(i);
-    toml::value v3(f);
-    toml::value v4(s);
-    toml::value v5(d);
-    toml::value v6(a);
-    toml::value v7(t);
-
-    toml::value u1(b);
-    toml::value u2(i);
-    toml::value u3(f);
-    toml::value u4(s);
-    toml::value u5(d);
-    toml::value u6(a);
-    toml::value u7(t);
-
-    const bool b1 = v1 == u1;
-    const bool b2 = v2 == u2;
-    const bool b3 = v3 == u3;
-    const bool b4 = v4 == u4;
-    const bool b5 = v5 == u5;
-    const bool b6 = v6 == u6;
-    const bool b7 = v7 == u7;
-
-    BOOST_CHECK(b1);
-    BOOST_CHECK(b2);
-    BOOST_CHECK(b3);
-    BOOST_CHECK(b4);
-    BOOST_CHECK(b5);
-    BOOST_CHECK(b6);
-    BOOST_CHECK(b7);
-
-    {
-    const bool n1 = v1 != u1;
-    const bool n2 = v2 != u2;
-    const bool n3 = v3 != u3;
-    const bool n4 = v4 != u4;
-    const bool n5 = v5 != u5;
-    const bool n6 = v6 != u6;
-    const bool n7 = v7 != u7;
-
-    BOOST_CHECK(!n1);
-    BOOST_CHECK(!n2);
-    BOOST_CHECK(!n3);
-    BOOST_CHECK(!n4);
-    BOOST_CHECK(!n5);
-    BOOST_CHECK(!n6);
-    BOOST_CHECK(!n7);
-    }
-
-    {
-    const bool n1 = v1 == u2;
-    const bool n2 = v2 == u3;
-    const bool n3 = v3 == u4;
-    const bool n4 = v4 == u5;
-    const bool n5 = v5 == u6;
-    const bool n6 = v6 == u7;
-    const bool n7 = v7 == u1;
-
-    BOOST_CHECK(!n1);
-    BOOST_CHECK(!n2);
-    BOOST_CHECK(!n3);
-    BOOST_CHECK(!n4);
-    BOOST_CHECK(!n5);
-    BOOST_CHECK(!n6);
-    BOOST_CHECK(!n7);
-    }
-}

tests/test_windows.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#include <windows.h>
+#include <toml.hpp>
+#include <iostream>
+
+int main()
+{
+    using namespace toml::literals::toml_literals;
+    const auto data = u8R"(windows = "defines min and max as a macro")"_toml;
+
+    std::cout << toml::find<std::string>(data, "windows") << std::endl;
+    return 0;
+}

toml.hpp

@@ -33,9 +33,13 @@
 #    error "toml11 requires C++11 or later."
 #endif
 
+#define TOML11_VERSION_MAJOR 3
+#define TOML11_VERSION_MINOR 5
+#define TOML11_VERSION_PATCH 0
+
 #include "toml/parser.hpp"
-#include "toml/to_toml.hpp"
-#include "toml/from_toml.hpp"
+#include "toml/literal.hpp"
+#include "toml/serializer.hpp"
 #include "toml/get.hpp"
 
 #endif// TOML_FOR_MODERN_CPP

toml/acceptor.hpp

@@ -1,777 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef TOML11_ACCEPTOR
-#define TOML11_ACCEPTOR
-#include <type_traits>
-#include <iterator>
-#include <limits>
-#include "exception.hpp"
-
-namespace toml
-{
-
-template<typename charT, charT c>
-struct is_character
-{
-    typedef charT value_type;
-    constexpr static value_type target = c;
-
-    template<typename Iterator, class = typename std::enable_if<
-        std::is_same<typename std::iterator_traits<Iterator>::value_type,
-                     value_type>::value>::type>
-    constexpr static Iterator invoke(Iterator iter, Iterator end)
-    {
-        return iter == end ? iter : *iter == c ? std::next(iter) : iter;
-    }
-};
-
-template<typename charT, charT lw, charT up>
-struct is_in_range
-{
-    typedef charT value_type;
-    constexpr static value_type upper = up;
-    constexpr static value_type lower = lw;
-    static_assert(lower <= upper, "lower <= upper");
-
-    template<typename Iterator, class = typename std::enable_if<
-        std::is_same<typename std::iterator_traits<Iterator>::value_type,
-                     value_type>::value>::type>
-    constexpr static Iterator invoke(Iterator iter, Iterator end)
-    {
-        return iter == end ? iter :
-            (lower <= *iter && *iter <= upper) ? std::next(iter) : iter;
-    }
-};
-
-template<typename headT, typename ... condT>
-struct is_one_of
-{
-    typedef typename headT::value_type value_type;
-    static_assert(
-        std::is_same<value_type, typename is_one_of<condT...>::value_type>::value,
-        "different value_type");
-
-    template<typename Iterator, class = typename std::enable_if<
-        std::is_same<typename std::iterator_traits<Iterator>::value_type,
-                     value_type>::value>::type>
-    static Iterator invoke(Iterator iter, Iterator end)
-    {
-        const Iterator tmp = headT::invoke(iter, end);
-        return (tmp != iter) ? tmp : is_one_of<condT...>::invoke(iter, end);
-    }
-};
-template<typename tailT>
-struct is_one_of<tailT>
-{
-    typedef typename tailT::value_type value_type;
-
-    template<typename Iterator, class = typename std::enable_if<
-        std::is_same<typename std::iterator_traits<Iterator>::value_type,
-                     value_type>::value>::type>
-    static Iterator invoke(Iterator iter, Iterator end)
-    {
-        const Iterator tmp = tailT::invoke(iter, end);
-        return (tmp != iter) ? tmp : iter;
-    }
-};
-
-// just a wrapper for maybe_ignored
-template<typename condT>
-struct is_ignorable
-{
-    typedef typename condT::value_type value_type;
-
-    template<typename Iterator, class = typename std::enable_if<
-        std::is_same<typename std::iterator_traits<Iterator>::value_type,
-                     value_type>::value>::type>
-    static Iterator invoke(Iterator iter, Iterator end)
-    {
-        const Iterator tmp = condT::invoke(iter, end);
-        return (tmp != iter) ? tmp : iter;
-    }
-};
-
-template<typename condT>
-struct maybe_ignored : std::false_type{};
-template<typename condT>
-struct maybe_ignored<is_ignorable<condT>> : std::true_type{};
-
-template<typename headT, typename ... condT>
-struct is_chain_of_impl
-{
-    typedef typename headT::value_type value_type;
-    static_assert(std::is_same<value_type,
-                      typename is_chain_of_impl<condT...>::value_type>::value,
-                  "different value_type");
-
-    constexpr static bool ignorable = maybe_ignored<headT>::value;
-
-    template<typename Iterator, class = typename std::enable_if<
-        std::is_same<typename std::iterator_traits<Iterator>::value_type,
-                     value_type>::value>::type>
-    static Iterator invoke(Iterator iter, Iterator end, Iterator rollback)
-    {
-        const Iterator tmp = headT::invoke(iter, end);
-        return (tmp == iter && !ignorable) ? rollback :
-                is_chain_of_impl<condT...>::invoke(tmp, end, rollback);
-    }
-};
-
-template<typename tailT>
-struct is_chain_of_impl<tailT>
-{
-    typedef typename tailT::value_type value_type;
-    constexpr static bool ignorable = maybe_ignored<tailT>::value;
-
-    template<typename Iterator, class = typename std::enable_if<
-        std::is_same<typename std::iterator_traits<Iterator>::value_type,
-                     value_type>::value>::type>
-    static Iterator invoke(Iterator iter, Iterator end, Iterator rollback)
-    {
-        const Iterator tmp = tailT::invoke(iter, end);
-        return (tmp == iter) ? (ignorable ? iter : rollback) : tmp;
-    }
-};
-
-template<typename headT, typename ...condT>
-struct is_chain_of
-{
-    typedef typename is_chain_of_impl<headT, condT...>::value_type value_type;
-
-    template<typename Iterator, class = typename std::enable_if<
-        std::is_same<typename std::iterator_traits<Iterator>::value_type,
-                     value_type>::value>::type>
-    static Iterator invoke(Iterator iter, Iterator end)
-    {
-        return is_chain_of_impl<headT, condT...>::invoke(iter, end, iter);
-    }
-};
-
-constexpr inline std::size_t repeat_infinite(){return 0ul;}
-
-template<typename condT, std::size_t N>
-struct is_repeat_of
-{
-    typedef typename condT::value_type value_type;
-
-    template<typename Iterator, class = typename std::enable_if<
-        std::is_same<typename std::iterator_traits<Iterator>::value_type,
-                     value_type>::value>::type>
-    static Iterator invoke(Iterator iter, Iterator end)
-    {
-        const Iterator rollback = iter;
-        Iterator tmp;
-        for(auto i=0ul; i<N; ++i)
-        {
-            tmp = condT::invoke(iter, end);
-            if(tmp == iter) return rollback;
-            iter = tmp;
-        }
-        return iter;
-    }
-};
-
-template<typename condT>
-struct is_repeat_of<condT, 0>
-{
-    typedef typename condT::value_type value_type;
-
-    template<typename Iterator, class = typename std::enable_if<
-        std::is_same<typename std::iterator_traits<Iterator>::value_type,
-                     value_type>::value>::type>
-    static Iterator invoke(Iterator iter, Iterator end)
-    {
-        Iterator tmp = condT::invoke(iter, end);
-        while(tmp != iter)
-        {
-            iter = tmp;
-            tmp = condT::invoke(iter, end);
-        }
-        return iter;
-    }
-};
-
-template<typename headT, typename ... tailT>
-struct is_none_of
-{
-    typedef typename headT::value_type value_type;
-    static_assert(
-        std::is_same<value_type, typename is_one_of<tailT...>::value_type>::value,
-        "different value_type");
-
-    template<typename Iterator, class = typename std::enable_if<
-        std::is_same<typename std::iterator_traits<Iterator>::value_type,
-                     value_type>::value>::type>
-    static Iterator invoke(Iterator iter, Iterator end)
-    {
-        const Iterator tmp = headT::invoke(iter, end);
-        return (tmp != iter) ? iter : is_none_of<tailT...>::invoke(iter, end);
-    }
-};
-
-template<typename tailT>
-struct is_none_of<tailT>
-{
-    typedef typename tailT::value_type value_type;
-
-    template<typename Iterator, class = typename std::enable_if<
-        std::is_same<typename std::iterator_traits<Iterator>::value_type,
-                     value_type>::value>::type>
-    static Iterator invoke(Iterator iter, Iterator end)
-    {
-        const Iterator tmp = tailT::invoke(iter, end);
-        return (tmp != iter) ? iter : std::next(iter);
-    }
-};
-
-template<typename notT, typename butT>
-struct is_not_but
-{
-    typedef typename notT::value_type value_type;
-    static_assert(
-        std::is_same<value_type, typename butT::value_type>::value,
-        "different value type");
-
-    template<typename Iterator, class = typename std::enable_if<
-        std::is_same<typename std::iterator_traits<Iterator>::value_type,
-                     value_type>::value>::type>
-    static Iterator invoke(Iterator iter, Iterator end)
-    {
-        return (iter != notT::invoke(iter, end)) ? iter : butT::invoke(iter, end);
-    }
-};
-
-template<typename charT>
-using is_space      = is_character<charT, ' '>;
-template<typename charT>
-using is_tab        = is_character<charT, '\t'>;
-template<typename charT>
-using is_number     = is_in_range<charT, '0', '9'>;
-template<typename charT>
-using is_lowercase  = is_in_range<charT, 'a', 'z'>;
-template<typename charT>
-using is_uppercase  = is_in_range<charT, 'A', 'Z'>;
-template<typename charT>
-using is_alphabet   = is_one_of<is_lowercase<charT>, is_uppercase<charT>>;
-template<typename charT>
-using is_hex = is_one_of<is_number<charT>, is_in_range<charT, 'a', 'f'>,
-                         is_in_range<charT, 'A', 'F'>>;
-template<typename charT>
-using is_whitespace = is_one_of<is_space<charT>, is_tab<charT>>;
-template<typename charT>
-using is_any_num_of_ws =
-    is_ignorable<is_repeat_of<is_whitespace<charT>, repeat_infinite()>>;
-
-template<typename charT>
-using is_newline    = is_one_of<is_character<charT, '\n'>,
-    is_chain_of<is_character<charT, '\r'>, is_character<charT, '\n'>>>;
-template<typename charT>
-using is_barekey_component = is_one_of<is_alphabet<charT>, is_number<charT>,
-    is_character<charT, '_'>, is_character<charT, '-'>>;
-template<typename charT>
-using is_barekey = is_repeat_of<is_barekey_component<charT>, repeat_infinite()>;
-template<typename charT>
-using is_comment =
-    is_chain_of<
-        is_character<charT, '#'>,
-        is_repeat_of<is_none_of<is_newline<charT>>, repeat_infinite()>,
-        is_newline<charT>
-    >;
-
-template<typename charT>
-using is_basic_inline_string_component =
-    is_one_of<
-        is_none_of< is_in_range<charT, '\0', '\31'>, is_character<charT, '\"'>,
-                    is_character<charT, '\\'>, is_newline<charT>>,
-        is_chain_of<is_character<charT, '\\'>, is_character<charT, '\"'>>,
-        is_chain_of<is_character<charT, '\\'>, is_character<charT, '\\'>>,
-        is_chain_of<is_character<charT, '\\'>, is_character<charT, 'b'>>,
-        is_chain_of<is_character<charT, '\\'>, is_character<charT, 't'>>,
-        is_chain_of<is_character<charT, '\\'>, is_character<charT, 'n'>>,
-        is_chain_of<is_character<charT, '\\'>, is_character<charT, 'f'>>,
-        is_chain_of<is_character<charT, '\\'>, is_character<charT, 'r'>>,
-        is_chain_of<is_character<charT, '\\'>, is_character<charT, 'u'>,
-                    is_repeat_of<is_hex<charT>, 4>>,
-        is_chain_of<is_character<charT, '\\'>, is_character<charT, 'U'>,
-                    is_repeat_of<is_hex<charT>, 8>>
-        >;
-template<typename charT>
-using is_basic_inline_string =
-    is_not_but<
-        is_repeat_of<is_character<charT, '\"'>, 3>, // not multiline
-        is_chain_of<
-            is_character<charT, '\"'>,
-            is_ignorable<is_repeat_of<is_basic_inline_string_component<charT>,
-                                      repeat_infinite()>>,
-            is_character<charT, '\"'>
-        >
-    >;
-template<typename charT>
-using is_basic_multiline_string_component =
-    is_one_of<
-        is_none_of< is_in_range<charT, '\0', '\31'>,
-                    is_repeat_of<is_character<charT, '\"'>, 3>,
-                    is_character<charT, '\\'>>,
-        is_newline<charT>,
-        is_chain_of<is_character<charT, '\\'>, is_newline<charT>>,
-        is_chain_of<is_character<charT, '\\'>, is_character<charT, '\"'>>,
-        is_chain_of<is_character<charT, '\\'>, is_character<charT, '\\'>>,
-        is_chain_of<is_character<charT, '\\'>, is_character<charT, 'b'>>,
-        is_chain_of<is_character<charT, '\\'>, is_character<charT, 't'>>,
-        is_chain_of<is_character<charT, '\\'>, is_character<charT, 'n'>>,
-        is_chain_of<is_character<charT, '\\'>, is_character<charT, 'f'>>,
-        is_chain_of<is_character<charT, '\\'>, is_character<charT, 'r'>>,
-        is_chain_of<is_character<charT, '\\'>, is_character<charT, 'u'>,
-                    is_repeat_of<is_hex<charT>, 4>>,
-        is_chain_of<is_character<charT, '\\'>, is_character<charT, 'U'>,
-                    is_repeat_of<is_hex<charT>, 8>>
-        >;
-template<typename charT>
-using is_basic_multiline_string =
-    is_chain_of<
-        is_repeat_of<is_character<charT, '\"'>, 3>,
-        is_ignorable<is_repeat_of<is_basic_multiline_string_component<charT>,
-                                  repeat_infinite()>>,
-        is_repeat_of<is_character<charT, '\"'>, 3>
-    >;
-
-template<typename charT>
-using is_literal_inline_string_component =
-    is_none_of<is_in_range<charT, '\0', '\31'>, is_character<charT, '\''>>;
-
-template<typename charT>
-using is_literal_inline_string =
-    is_not_but<
-        is_repeat_of<is_character<charT, '\''>, 3>,
-        is_chain_of<
-            is_character<charT, '\''>,
-            is_ignorable<is_repeat_of<is_literal_inline_string_component<charT>,
-                                      repeat_infinite()>>,
-            is_character<charT, '\''>
-        >
-    >;
-
-template<typename charT>
-using is_literal_multiline_string_component =
-    is_one_of<
-        is_none_of<is_in_range<charT, '\0', '\31'>,
-                   is_repeat_of<is_character<charT, '\''>, 3>>,
-        is_newline<charT>
-    >;
-
-template<typename charT>
-using is_literal_multiline_string =
-    is_chain_of<
-        is_repeat_of<is_character<charT, '\''>, 3>,
-        is_ignorable<is_repeat_of<is_literal_multiline_string_component<charT>,
-                                  repeat_infinite()>>,
-        is_repeat_of<is_character<charT, '\''>, 3>
-    >;
-
-template<typename charT>
-using is_string =
-    is_one_of<
-        is_basic_inline_string<charT>,
-        is_basic_multiline_string<charT>,
-        is_literal_inline_string<charT>,
-        is_literal_multiline_string<charT>
-    >;
-
-
-template<typename charT>
-using is_sign = is_one_of<is_character<charT, '+'>, is_character<charT, '-'>>;
-template<typename charT>
-using is_nonzero_number = is_in_range<charT, '1', '9'>;
-
-template<typename charT>
-using is_integer_component =
-    is_not_but<
-        is_repeat_of<is_character<charT, '_'>, 2>,
-        is_one_of<
-            is_character<charT, '_'>, is_number<charT>
-        >
-    >;
-template<typename charT>
-using is_integer =
-    is_chain_of<
-        is_ignorable<is_sign<charT>>,
-        is_one_of<
-            is_character<charT, '0'>,
-            is_chain_of<
-                is_nonzero_number<charT>,
-                is_ignorable<is_repeat_of<is_integer_component<charT>,
-                                          repeat_infinite()>
-                >
-            >
-        >
-    >;
-
-template<typename charT>
-using is_fractional_part =
-    is_chain_of<
-        is_character<charT, '.'>,
-        is_repeat_of<is_integer_component<charT>, repeat_infinite()>
-    >;
-template<typename charT>
-using is_exponent_part =
-    is_chain_of<
-        is_one_of<is_character<charT, 'e'>, is_character<charT, 'E'>>,
-        is_integer<charT>
-    >;
-template<typename charT>
-using is_float =
-    is_one_of<
-        is_chain_of<
-            is_integer<charT>,
-            is_fractional_part<charT>,
-            is_exponent_part<charT>
-        >,
-        is_chain_of<
-            is_integer<charT>,
-            is_fractional_part<charT>
-        >,
-        is_chain_of<
-            is_integer<charT>,
-            is_exponent_part<charT>
-        >
-    >;
-
-template<typename charT>
-using is_boolean =
-    is_one_of<
-        is_chain_of<
-            is_character<charT, 't'>,
-            is_character<charT, 'r'>,
-            is_character<charT, 'u'>,
-            is_character<charT, 'e'>
-        >,
-        is_chain_of<
-            is_character<charT, 'f'>,
-            is_character<charT, 'a'>,
-            is_character<charT, 'l'>,
-            is_character<charT, 's'>,
-            is_character<charT, 'e'>
-        >
-    >;
-
-template<typename charT>
-using is_local_time =
-    is_chain_of<
-        is_repeat_of<is_number<charT>, 2>,
-        is_character<charT, ':'>,
-        is_repeat_of<is_number<charT>, 2>,
-        is_character<charT, ':'>,
-        is_repeat_of<is_number<charT>, 2>,
-        is_ignorable<
-            is_chain_of<
-                is_character<charT, '.'>,
-                is_repeat_of<is_number<charT>, repeat_infinite()>
-            >
-        >
-    >;
-
-template<typename charT>
-using is_local_date =
-    is_chain_of<
-        is_repeat_of<is_number<charT>, 4>,
-        is_character<charT, '-'>,
-        is_repeat_of<is_number<charT>, 2>,
-        is_character<charT, '-'>,
-        is_repeat_of<is_number<charT>, 2>
-    >;
-
-template<typename charT>
-using is_local_date_time =
-    is_chain_of<
-        is_local_date<charT>,
-        is_character<charT, 'T'>,
-        is_local_time<charT>
-    >;
-
-template<typename charT>
-using is_offset =
-    is_one_of<
-        is_character<charT, 'Z'>,
-        is_chain_of<
-            is_sign<charT>,
-            is_repeat_of<is_number<charT>, 2>,
-            is_character<charT, ':'>,
-            is_repeat_of<is_number<charT>, 2>
-        >
-    >;
-
-template<typename charT>
-using is_offset_date_time =
-    is_chain_of<
-        is_local_date_time<charT>,
-        is_offset<charT>
-    >;
-
-template<typename charT>
-using is_datetime =
-    is_one_of<
-        is_offset_date_time<charT>,
-        is_local_date_time<charT>,
-        is_local_date<charT>,
-        is_local_time<charT>
-    >;
-
-template<typename charT>
-using is_fundamental_type =
-    is_one_of<
-        is_basic_inline_string<charT>,
-        is_basic_multiline_string<charT>,
-        is_literal_inline_string<charT>,
-        is_literal_multiline_string<charT>,
-        is_offset_date_time<charT>,
-        is_local_date_time<charT>,
-        is_local_date<charT>,
-        is_local_time<charT>,
-        is_boolean<charT>,
-        is_float<charT>,
-        is_integer<charT>
-    >;
-
-template<typename charT>
-using is_skippable_in_array =
-    is_repeat_of<
-        is_one_of<is_whitespace<charT>, is_newline<charT>, is_comment<charT>>,
-        repeat_infinite()
-    >;
-
-template<typename charT>
-struct is_inline_table;
-
-template<typename charT>
-using is_key =
-    is_one_of<
-        is_barekey<charT>,
-        is_string<charT>
-    >;
-
-
-template<typename charT, typename is_array_component>
-using is_fixed_type_array =
-    is_chain_of<
-        is_character<charT, '['>,
-        is_ignorable<
-            is_repeat_of<
-                is_chain_of<
-                    is_ignorable<is_skippable_in_array<charT>>,
-                    is_array_component,
-                    is_ignorable<is_skippable_in_array<charT>>,
-                    is_character<charT, ','>
-                >,
-                repeat_infinite()
-            >
-        >,
-        is_ignorable<
-            is_chain_of<
-                is_ignorable<is_skippable_in_array<charT>>,
-                is_array_component,
-                is_ignorable<is_skippable_in_array<charT>>,
-                is_ignorable<is_character<charT, ','>>
-            >
-        >,
-        is_ignorable<is_skippable_in_array<charT>>,
-        is_character<charT, ']'>
-    >;
-
-template<typename charT>
-struct is_array
-{
-    typedef charT value_type;
-
-    template<typename Iterator, class = typename std::enable_if<
-        std::is_same<typename std::iterator_traits<Iterator>::value_type,
-                     value_type>::value>::type>
-    static Iterator invoke(Iterator iter, Iterator end)
-    {
-        return is_one_of<
-                is_fixed_type_array<charT, is_boolean<charT>>,
-                is_fixed_type_array<charT, is_integer<charT>>,
-                is_fixed_type_array<charT, is_float<charT>>,
-                is_fixed_type_array<charT, is_string<charT>>,
-                is_fixed_type_array<charT, is_datetime<charT>>,
-                is_fixed_type_array<charT, is_array<charT>>,
-                is_fixed_type_array<charT, is_inline_table<charT>>
-            >::invoke(iter, end);
-    }
-};
-
-template<typename charT>
-struct is_inline_table
-{
-    typedef charT value_type;
-
-    template<typename Iterator, class = typename std::enable_if<
-        std::is_same<typename std::iterator_traits<Iterator>::value_type,
-                     value_type>::value>::type>
-    static Iterator invoke(Iterator iter, Iterator end)
-    {
-        typedef is_one_of<is_fundamental_type<charT>,
-                          is_array<charT>, is_inline_table<charT>> is_component;
-
-        typedef is_chain_of<
-            is_any_num_of_ws<charT>,
-            is_key<charT>,
-            is_any_num_of_ws<charT>,
-            is_character<charT, '='>,
-            is_any_num_of_ws<charT>,
-            is_component,
-            is_any_num_of_ws<charT>
-        > is_inline_key_value_pair;
-
-        typedef is_chain_of<
-            is_character<charT, '{'>,
-            is_ignorable<
-                is_repeat_of<
-                    is_chain_of<
-                        is_any_num_of_ws<charT>,
-                        is_inline_key_value_pair,
-                        is_any_num_of_ws<charT>,
-                        is_character<charT, ','>
-                    >,
-                    repeat_infinite()
-                >
-            >,
-            is_ignorable<
-                is_chain_of<
-                    is_any_num_of_ws<charT>,
-                    is_inline_key_value_pair,
-                    is_any_num_of_ws<charT>,
-                    is_ignorable<is_character<charT, ','>>
-                >
-            >,
-            is_any_num_of_ws<charT>,
-            is_character<charT, '}'>
-            > entity;
-        return entity::invoke(iter, end);
-    }
-};
-
-template<typename charT>
-using is_value =
-    is_one_of<is_fundamental_type<charT>, is_array<charT>, is_inline_table<charT>>;
-
-// []
-template<typename charT>
-using is_table_definition =
-    is_chain_of<
-        is_any_num_of_ws<charT>,
-        is_character<charT, '['>,
-        is_any_num_of_ws<charT>,
-        is_key<charT>,
-        is_ignorable<
-            is_repeat_of<
-                is_chain_of<
-                    is_any_num_of_ws<charT>,
-                    is_character<charT, '.'>,
-                    is_any_num_of_ws<charT>,
-                    is_key<charT>,
-                    is_any_num_of_ws<charT>
-                >,
-            repeat_infinite()>
-            >,
-        is_character<charT, ']'>
-    >;
-
-template<typename charT>
-using is_array_of_table_definition =
-    is_chain_of<
-        is_any_num_of_ws<charT>,
-        is_repeat_of<is_character<charT, '['>, 2>,
-        is_any_num_of_ws<charT>,
-        is_key<charT>,
-        is_ignorable<
-            is_repeat_of<
-                is_chain_of<
-                    is_any_num_of_ws<charT>,
-                    is_character<charT, '.'>,
-                    is_any_num_of_ws<charT>,
-                    is_key<charT>,
-                    is_any_num_of_ws<charT>
-                >,
-            repeat_infinite()>
-            >,
-        is_repeat_of<is_character<charT, ']'>, 2>
-    >;
-
-template<typename charT>
-using is_key_value_pair =
-    is_chain_of<
-        is_any_num_of_ws<charT>,
-        is_key<charT>,
-        is_any_num_of_ws<charT>,
-        is_character<charT, '='>,
-        is_any_num_of_ws<charT>,
-        is_value<charT>,
-        is_any_num_of_ws<charT>
-    >;
-
-template<typename charT>
-using is_empty_line =
-    is_chain_of<
-        is_any_num_of_ws<charT>,
-        is_one_of<is_comment<charT>, is_newline<charT>>
-    >;
-
-template<typename charT>
-using is_empty_lines =
-    is_repeat_of<
-        is_chain_of<
-            is_any_num_of_ws<charT>,
-            is_one_of<is_comment<charT>, is_newline<charT>>
-        >,
-        repeat_infinite()
-    >;
-
-template<typename charT>
-using is_table_contents =
-    is_repeat_of<
-        is_one_of<
-            is_empty_lines<charT>,
-            is_chain_of<
-                is_key_value_pair<charT>,
-                is_one_of<
-                    is_comment<charT>,
-                    is_newline<charT>
-                >
-            >
-        >,
-        repeat_infinite()
-    >;
-
-template<typename charT>
-using is_standard_table =
-    is_chain_of<
-        is_table_definition<charT>,
-        is_any_num_of_ws<charT>,
-        is_one_of<is_comment<charT>, is_newline<charT>>,
-        is_table_contents<charT>
-    >;
-
-template<typename charT>
-using is_array_of_table =
-    is_chain_of<
-        is_array_of_table_definition<charT>,
-        is_any_num_of_ws<charT>,
-        is_one_of<is_comment<charT>, is_newline<charT>>,
-        is_table_contents<charT>
-    >;
-
-template<typename charT>
-using is_toml_data =
-    is_chain_of<
-        is_ignorable<is_table_contents<charT>>,
-        is_ignorable<
-            is_repeat_of<
-                is_one_of<
-                    is_standard_table<charT>,
-                    is_array_of_table<charT>
-                >,
-                repeat_infinite()
-            >
-        >
-    >;
-
-}//toml
-#endif// TOML11_ACCEPTOR

toml/color.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+#ifndef TOML11_COLOR_HPP
+#define TOML11_COLOR_HPP
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <ostream>
+
+#ifdef TOML11_COLORIZE_ERROR_MESSAGE
+#define TOML11_ERROR_MESSAGE_COLORIZED true
+#else
+#define TOML11_ERROR_MESSAGE_COLORIZED false
+#endif
+
+namespace toml
+{
+
+// put ANSI escape sequence to ostream
+namespace color_ansi
+{
+namespace detail
+{
+inline int colorize_index()
+{
+    static const int index = std::ios_base::xalloc();
+    return index;
+}
+} // detail
+
+inline std::ostream& colorize(std::ostream& os)
+{
+    // by default, it is zero.
+    os.iword(detail::colorize_index()) = 1;
+    return os;
+}
+inline std::ostream& nocolorize(std::ostream& os)
+{
+    os.iword(detail::colorize_index()) = 0;
+    return os;
+}
+inline std::ostream& reset  (std::ostream& os)
+{if(os.iword(detail::colorize_index()) == 1) {os << "\033[00m";} return os;}
+inline std::ostream& bold   (std::ostream& os)
+{if(os.iword(detail::colorize_index()) == 1) {os << "\033[01m";} return os;}
+inline std::ostream& grey   (std::ostream& os)
+{if(os.iword(detail::colorize_index()) == 1) {os << "\033[30m";} return os;}
+inline std::ostream& red    (std::ostream& os)
+{if(os.iword(detail::colorize_index()) == 1) {os << "\033[31m";} return os;}
+inline std::ostream& green  (std::ostream& os)
+{if(os.iword(detail::colorize_index()) == 1) {os << "\033[32m";} return os;}
+inline std::ostream& yellow (std::ostream& os)
+{if(os.iword(detail::colorize_index()) == 1) {os << "\033[33m";} return os;}
+inline std::ostream& blue   (std::ostream& os)
+{if(os.iword(detail::colorize_index()) == 1) {os << "\033[34m";} return os;}
+inline std::ostream& magenta(std::ostream& os)
+{if(os.iword(detail::colorize_index()) == 1) {os << "\033[35m";} return os;}
+inline std::ostream& cyan   (std::ostream& os)
+{if(os.iword(detail::colorize_index()) == 1) {os << "\033[36m";} return os;}
+inline std::ostream& white  (std::ostream& os)
+{if(os.iword(detail::colorize_index()) == 1) {os << "\033[37m";} return os;}
+} // color_ansi
+
+// ANSI escape sequence is the only and default colorization method currently
+namespace color = color_ansi;
+
+} // toml
+#endif// TOML11_COLOR_HPP

toml/combinator.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,336 @@
+//     Copyright Toru Niina 2017.
+// Distributed under the MIT License.
+#ifndef TOML11_COMBINATOR_HPP
+#define TOML11_COMBINATOR_HPP
+#include <cassert>
+#include <cctype>
+#include <cstdio>
+
+#include <array>
+#include <iomanip>
+#include <iterator>
+#include <limits>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+#include "region.hpp"
+#include "result.hpp"
+#include "traits.hpp"
+#include "utility.hpp"
+
+// they scans characters and returns region if it matches to the condition.
+// when they fail, it does not change the location.
+// in lexer.hpp, these are used.
+
+namespace toml
+{
+namespace detail
+{
+
+// to output character as an error message.
+inline std::string show_char(const char c)
+{
+    // It supress an error that occurs only in Debug mode of MSVC++ on Windows.
+    // I'm not completely sure but they check the value of char to be in the
+    // range [0, 256) and some of the COMPLETELY VALID utf-8 character sometimes
+    // has negative value (if char has sign). So here it re-interprets c as
+    // unsigned char through pointer. In general, converting pointer to a
+    // pointer that has different type cause UB, but `(signed|unsigned)?char`
+    // are one of the exceptions. Converting pointer only to char and std::byte
+    // (c++17) are valid.
+    if(std::isgraph(*reinterpret_cast<unsigned char const*>(std::addressof(c))))
+    {
+        return std::string(1, c);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        std::array<char, 5> buf;
+        buf.fill('\0');
+        const auto r = std::snprintf(
+                buf.data(), buf.size(), "0x%02x", static_cast<int>(c) & 0xFF);
+        (void) r; // Unused variable warning
+        assert(r == static_cast<int>(buf.size()) - 1);
+        return std::string(buf.data());
+    }
+}
+
+template<char C>
+struct character
+{
+    static constexpr char target = C;
+
+    template<typename Cont>
+    static result<region<Cont>, none_t>
+    invoke(location<Cont>& loc)
+    {
+        static_assert(std::is_same<char, typename Cont::value_type>::value,
+                      "internal error: container::value_type should be `char`.");
+
+        if(loc.iter() == loc.end()) {return none();}
+        const auto first = loc.iter();
+
+        const char c = *(loc.iter());
+        if(c != target)
+        {
+            return none();
+        }
+        loc.advance(); // update location
+
+        return ok(region<Cont>(loc, first, loc.iter()));
+    }
+};
+template<char C>
+constexpr char character<C>::target;
+
+// closed interval [Low, Up]. both Low and Up are included.
+template<char Low, char Up>
+struct in_range
+{
+    // assuming ascii part of UTF-8...
+    static_assert(Low <= Up, "lower bound should be less than upper bound.");
+
+    static constexpr char upper = Up;
+    static constexpr char lower = Low;
+
+    template<typename Cont>
+    static result<region<Cont>, none_t>
+    invoke(location<Cont>& loc)
+    {
+        static_assert(std::is_same<char, typename Cont::value_type>::value,
+                      "internal error: container::value_type should be `char`.");
+
+        if(loc.iter() == loc.end()) {return none();}
+        const auto first = loc.iter();
+
+        const char c = *(loc.iter());
+        if(c < lower || upper < c)
+        {
+            return none();
+        }
+
+        loc.advance();
+        return ok(region<Cont>(loc, first, loc.iter()));
+    }
+};
+template<char L, char U> constexpr char in_range<L, U>::upper;
+template<char L, char U> constexpr char in_range<L, U>::lower;
+
+// keep iterator if `Combinator` matches. otherwise, increment `iter` by 1 char.
+// for detecting invalid characters, like control sequences in toml string.
+template<typename Combinator>
+struct exclude
+{
+    template<typename Cont>
+    static result<region<Cont>, none_t>
+    invoke(location<Cont>& loc)
+    {
+        static_assert(std::is_same<char, typename Cont::value_type>::value,
+                      "internal error: container::value_type should be `char`.");
+
+        if(loc.iter() == loc.end()) {return none();}
+        auto first = loc.iter();
+
+        auto rslt = Combinator::invoke(loc);
+        if(rslt.is_ok())
+        {
+            loc.reset(first);
+            return none();
+        }
+        loc.reset(std::next(first)); // XXX maybe loc.advance() is okay but...
+        return ok(region<Cont>(loc, first, loc.iter()));
+    }
+};
+
+// increment `iter`, if matches. otherwise, just return empty string.
+template<typename Combinator>
+struct maybe
+{
+    template<typename Cont>
+    static result<region<Cont>, none_t>
+    invoke(location<Cont>& loc)
+    {
+        static_assert(std::is_same<char, typename Cont::value_type>::value,
+                      "internal error: container::value_type should be `char`.");
+
+        const auto rslt = Combinator::invoke(loc);
+        if(rslt.is_ok())
+        {
+            return rslt;
+        }
+        return ok(region<Cont>(loc));
+    }
+};
+
+template<typename ... Ts>
+struct sequence;
+
+template<typename Head, typename ... Tail>
+struct sequence<Head, Tail...>
+{
+    template<typename Cont>
+    static result<region<Cont>, none_t>
+    invoke(location<Cont>& loc)
+    {
+        static_assert(std::is_same<char, typename Cont::value_type>::value,
+                      "internal error: container::value_type should be `char`.");
+
+        const auto first = loc.iter();
+        const auto rslt = Head::invoke(loc);
+        if(rslt.is_err())
+        {
+            loc.reset(first);
+            return none();
+        }
+        return sequence<Tail...>::invoke(loc, std::move(rslt.unwrap()), first);
+    }
+
+    // called from the above function only, recursively.
+    template<typename Cont, typename Iterator>
+    static result<region<Cont>, none_t>
+    invoke(location<Cont>& loc, region<Cont> reg, Iterator first)
+    {
+        const auto rslt = Head::invoke(loc);
+        if(rslt.is_err())
+        {
+            loc.reset(first);
+            return none();
+        }
+        reg += rslt.unwrap(); // concat regions
+        return sequence<Tail...>::invoke(loc, std::move(reg), first);
+    }
+};
+
+template<typename Head>
+struct sequence<Head>
+{
+    // would be called from sequence<T ...>::invoke only.
+    template<typename Cont, typename Iterator>
+    static result<region<Cont>, none_t>
+    invoke(location<Cont>& loc, region<Cont> reg, Iterator first)
+    {
+        const auto rslt = Head::invoke(loc);
+        if(rslt.is_err())
+        {
+            loc.reset(first);
+            return none();
+        }
+        reg += rslt.unwrap(); // concat regions
+        return ok(reg);
+    }
+};
+
+template<typename ... Ts>
+struct either;
+
+template<typename Head, typename ... Tail>
+struct either<Head, Tail...>
+{
+    template<typename Cont>
+    static result<region<Cont>, none_t>
+    invoke(location<Cont>& loc)
+    {
+        static_assert(std::is_same<char, typename Cont::value_type>::value,
+                      "internal error: container::value_type should be `char`.");
+
+        const auto rslt = Head::invoke(loc);
+        if(rslt.is_ok()) {return rslt;}
+        return either<Tail...>::invoke(loc);
+    }
+};
+template<typename Head>
+struct either<Head>
+{
+    template<typename Cont>
+    static result<region<Cont>, none_t>
+    invoke(location<Cont>& loc)
+    {
+        static_assert(std::is_same<char, typename Cont::value_type>::value,
+                      "internal error: container::value_type should be `char`.");
+        return Head::invoke(loc);
+    }
+};
+
+template<typename T, typename N>
+struct repeat;
+
+template<std::size_t N> struct exactly{};
+template<std::size_t N> struct at_least{};
+struct unlimited{};
+
+template<typename T, std::size_t N>
+struct repeat<T, exactly<N>>
+{
+    template<typename Cont>
+    static result<region<Cont>, none_t>
+    invoke(location<Cont>& loc)
+    {
+        region<Cont> retval(loc);
+        const auto first = loc.iter();
+        for(std::size_t i=0; i<N; ++i)
+        {
+            auto rslt = T::invoke(loc);
+            if(rslt.is_err())
+            {
+                loc.reset(first);
+                return none();
+            }
+            retval += rslt.unwrap();
+        }
+        return ok(std::move(retval));
+    }
+};
+
+template<typename T, std::size_t N>
+struct repeat<T, at_least<N>>
+{
+    template<typename Cont>
+    static result<region<Cont>, none_t>
+    invoke(location<Cont>& loc)
+    {
+        region<Cont> retval(loc);
+
+        const auto first = loc.iter();
+        for(std::size_t i=0; i<N; ++i)
+        {
+            auto rslt = T::invoke(loc);
+            if(rslt.is_err())
+            {
+                loc.reset(first);
+                return none();
+            }
+            retval += rslt.unwrap();
+        }
+        while(true)
+        {
+            auto rslt = T::invoke(loc);
+            if(rslt.is_err())
+            {
+                return ok(std::move(retval));
+            }
+            retval += rslt.unwrap();
+        }
+    }
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+struct repeat<T, unlimited>
+{
+    template<typename Cont>
+    static result<region<Cont>, none_t>
+    invoke(location<Cont>& loc)
+    {
+        region<Cont> retval(loc);
+        while(true)
+        {
+            auto rslt = T::invoke(loc);
+            if(rslt.is_err())
+            {
+                return ok(std::move(retval));
+            }
+            retval += rslt.unwrap();
+        }
+    }
+};
+
+} // detail
+} // toml
+#endif// TOML11_COMBINATOR_HPP

toml/comments.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,465 @@
+//     Copyright Toru Niina 2019.
+// Distributed under the MIT License.
+#ifndef TOML11_COMMENTS_HPP
+#define TOML11_COMMENTS_HPP
+#include <initializer_list>
+#include <iterator>
+#include <string>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+// This file provides mainly two classes, `preserve_comments` and `discard_comments`.
+// Those two are a container that have the same interface as `std::vector<std::string>`
+// but bahaves in the opposite way. `preserve_comments` is just the same as
+// `std::vector<std::string>` and each `std::string` corresponds to a comment line.
+// Conversely, `discard_comments` discards all the strings and ignores everything
+// assigned in it. `discard_comments` is always empty and you will encounter an
+// error whenever you access to the element.
+namespace toml
+{
+struct discard_comments; // forward decl
+
+// use it in the following way
+//
+// const toml::basic_value<toml::preserve_comments> data =
+//     toml::parse<toml::preserve_comments>("example.toml");
+//
+// the interface is almost the same as std::vector<std::string>.
+struct preserve_comments
+{
+    // `container_type` is not provided in discard_comments.
+    // do not use this inner-type in a generic code.
+    using container_type         = std::vector<std::string>;
+
+    using size_type              = container_type::size_type;
+    using difference_type        = container_type::difference_type;
+    using value_type             = container_type::value_type;
+    using reference              = container_type::reference;
+    using const_reference        = container_type::const_reference;
+    using pointer                = container_type::pointer;
+    using const_pointer          = container_type::const_pointer;
+    using iterator               = container_type::iterator;
+    using const_iterator         = container_type::const_iterator;
+    using reverse_iterator       = container_type::reverse_iterator;
+    using const_reverse_iterator = container_type::const_reverse_iterator;
+
+    preserve_comments()  = default;
+    ~preserve_comments() = default;
+    preserve_comments(preserve_comments const&) = default;
+    preserve_comments(preserve_comments &&)     = default;
+    preserve_comments& operator=(preserve_comments const&) = default;
+    preserve_comments& operator=(preserve_comments &&)     = default;
+
+    explicit preserve_comments(const std::vector<std::string>& c): comments(c){}
+    explicit preserve_comments(std::vector<std::string>&& c)
+        : comments(std::move(c))
+    {}
+    preserve_comments& operator=(const std::vector<std::string>& c)
+    {
+        comments = c;
+        return *this;
+    }
+    preserve_comments& operator=(std::vector<std::string>&& c)
+    {
+        comments = std::move(c);
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    explicit preserve_comments(const discard_comments&) {}
+
+    explicit preserve_comments(size_type n): comments(n) {}
+    preserve_comments(size_type n, const std::string& x): comments(n, x) {}
+    preserve_comments(std::initializer_list<std::string> x): comments(x) {}
+    template<typename InputIterator>
+    preserve_comments(InputIterator first, InputIterator last)
+        : comments(first, last)
+    {}
+
+    template<typename InputIterator>
+    void assign(InputIterator first, InputIterator last) {comments.assign(first, last);}
+    void assign(std::initializer_list<std::string> ini)  {comments.assign(ini);}
+    void assign(size_type n, const std::string& val)     {comments.assign(n, val);}
+
+    // Related to the issue #97.
+    //
+    // It is known that `std::vector::insert` and `std::vector::erase` in
+    // the standard library implementation included in GCC 4.8.5 takes
+    // `std::vector::iterator` instead of `std::vector::const_iterator`.
+    // Because of the const-correctness, we cannot convert a `const_iterator` to
+    // an `iterator`. It causes compilation error in GCC 4.8.5.
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && defined(__GNUC_MINOR__) && defined(__GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__) && !defined(__clang__)
+#  if (__GNUC__ * 10000 + __GNUC_MINOR__ * 100 + __GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__) <= 40805
+#    define TOML11_WORKAROUND_GCC_4_8_X_STANDARD_LIBRARY_IMPLEMENTATION
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+#ifdef TOML11_WORKAROUND_GCC_4_8_X_STANDARD_LIBRARY_IMPLEMENTATION
+    iterator insert(iterator p, const std::string& x)
+    {
+        return comments.insert(p, x);
+    }
+    iterator insert(iterator p, std::string&&      x)
+    {
+        return comments.insert(p, std::move(x));
+    }
+    void insert(iterator p, size_type n, const std::string& x)
+    {
+        return comments.insert(p, n, x);
+    }
+    template<typename InputIterator>
+    void insert(iterator p, InputIterator first, InputIterator last)
+    {
+        return comments.insert(p, first, last);
+    }
+    void insert(iterator p, std::initializer_list<std::string> ini)
+    {
+        return comments.insert(p, ini);
+    }
+
+    template<typename ... Ts>
+    iterator emplace(iterator p, Ts&& ... args)
+    {
+        return comments.emplace(p, std::forward<Ts>(args)...);
+    }
+
+    iterator erase(iterator pos) {return comments.erase(pos);}
+    iterator erase(iterator first, iterator last)
+    {
+        return comments.erase(first, last);
+    }
+#else
+    iterator insert(const_iterator p, const std::string& x)
+    {
+        return comments.insert(p, x);
+    }
+    iterator insert(const_iterator p, std::string&&      x)
+    {
+        return comments.insert(p, std::move(x));
+    }
+    iterator insert(const_iterator p, size_type n, const std::string& x)
+    {
+        return comments.insert(p, n, x);
+    }
+    template<typename InputIterator>
+    iterator insert(const_iterator p, InputIterator first, InputIterator last)
+    {
+        return comments.insert(p, first, last);
+    }
+    iterator insert(const_iterator p, std::initializer_list<std::string> ini)
+    {
+        return comments.insert(p, ini);
+    }
+
+    template<typename ... Ts>
+    iterator emplace(const_iterator p, Ts&& ... args)
+    {
+        return comments.emplace(p, std::forward<Ts>(args)...);
+    }
+
+    iterator erase(const_iterator pos) {return comments.erase(pos);}
+    iterator erase(const_iterator first, const_iterator last)
+    {
+        return comments.erase(first, last);
+    }
+#endif
+
+    void swap(preserve_comments& other) {comments.swap(other.comments);}
+
+    void push_back(const std::string& v) {comments.push_back(v);}
+    void push_back(std::string&&      v) {comments.push_back(std::move(v));}
+    void pop_back()                      {comments.pop_back();}
+
+    template<typename ... Ts>
+    void emplace_back(Ts&& ... args) {comments.emplace_back(std::forward<Ts>(args)...);}
+
+    void clear() {comments.clear();}
+
+    size_type size()     const noexcept {return comments.size();}
+    size_type max_size() const noexcept {return comments.max_size();}
+    size_type capacity() const noexcept {return comments.capacity();}
+    bool      empty()    const noexcept {return comments.empty();}
+
+    void reserve(size_type n)                      {comments.reserve(n);}
+    void resize(size_type n)                       {comments.resize(n);}
+    void resize(size_type n, const std::string& c) {comments.resize(n, c);}
+    void shrink_to_fit()                           {comments.shrink_to_fit();}
+
+    reference       operator[](const size_type n)       noexcept {return comments[n];}
+    const_reference operator[](const size_type n) const noexcept {return comments[n];}
+    reference       at(const size_type n)       {return comments.at(n);}
+    const_reference at(const size_type n) const {return comments.at(n);}
+    reference       front()       noexcept {return comments.front();}
+    const_reference front() const noexcept {return comments.front();}
+    reference       back()        noexcept {return comments.back();}
+    const_reference back()  const noexcept {return comments.back();}
+
+    pointer         data()        noexcept {return comments.data();}
+    const_pointer   data()  const noexcept {return comments.data();}
+
+    iterator       begin()        noexcept {return comments.begin();}
+    iterator       end()          noexcept {return comments.end();}
+    const_iterator begin()  const noexcept {return comments.begin();}
+    const_iterator end()    const noexcept {return comments.end();}
+    const_iterator cbegin() const noexcept {return comments.cbegin();}
+    const_iterator cend()   const noexcept {return comments.cend();}
+
+    reverse_iterator       rbegin()        noexcept {return comments.rbegin();}
+    reverse_iterator       rend()          noexcept {return comments.rend();}
+    const_reverse_iterator rbegin()  const noexcept {return comments.rbegin();}
+    const_reverse_iterator rend()    const noexcept {return comments.rend();}
+    const_reverse_iterator crbegin() const noexcept {return comments.crbegin();}
+    const_reverse_iterator crend()   const noexcept {return comments.crend();}
+
+    friend bool operator==(const preserve_comments&, const preserve_comments&);
+    friend bool operator!=(const preserve_comments&, const preserve_comments&);
+    friend bool operator< (const preserve_comments&, const preserve_comments&);
+    friend bool operator<=(const preserve_comments&, const preserve_comments&);
+    friend bool operator> (const preserve_comments&, const preserve_comments&);
+    friend bool operator>=(const preserve_comments&, const preserve_comments&);
+
+    friend void swap(preserve_comments&, std::vector<std::string>&);
+    friend void swap(std::vector<std::string>&, preserve_comments&);
+
+  private:
+
+    container_type comments;
+};
+
+inline bool operator==(const preserve_comments& lhs, const preserve_comments& rhs) {return lhs.comments == rhs.comments;}
+inline bool operator!=(const preserve_comments& lhs, const preserve_comments& rhs) {return lhs.comments != rhs.comments;}
+inline bool operator< (const preserve_comments& lhs, const preserve_comments& rhs) {return lhs.comments <  rhs.comments;}
+inline bool operator<=(const preserve_comments& lhs, const preserve_comments& rhs) {return lhs.comments <= rhs.comments;}
+inline bool operator> (const preserve_comments& lhs, const preserve_comments& rhs) {return lhs.comments >  rhs.comments;}
+inline bool operator>=(const preserve_comments& lhs, const preserve_comments& rhs) {return lhs.comments >= rhs.comments;}
+
+inline void swap(preserve_comments& lhs, preserve_comments& rhs)
+{
+    lhs.swap(rhs);
+    return;
+}
+inline void swap(preserve_comments& lhs, std::vector<std::string>& rhs)
+{
+    lhs.comments.swap(rhs);
+    return;
+}
+inline void swap(std::vector<std::string>& lhs, preserve_comments& rhs)
+{
+    lhs.swap(rhs.comments);
+    return;
+}
+
+template<typename charT, typename traits>
+std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
+operator<<(std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os, const preserve_comments& com)
+{
+    for(const auto& c : com)
+    {
+        os << '#' << c << '\n';
+    }
+    return os;
+}
+
+namespace detail
+{
+
+// To provide the same interface with `preserve_comments`, `discard_comments`
+// should have an iterator. But it does not contain anything, so we need to
+// add an iterator that points nothing.
+//
+// It always points null, so DO NOT unwrap this iterator. It always crashes
+// your program.
+template<typename T, bool is_const>
+struct empty_iterator
+{
+    using value_type        = T;
+    using reference_type    = typename std::conditional<is_const, T const&, T&>::type;
+    using pointer_type      = typename std::conditional<is_const, T const*, T*>::type;
+    using difference_type   = std::ptrdiff_t;
+    using iterator_category = std::random_access_iterator_tag;
+
+    empty_iterator()  = default;
+    ~empty_iterator() = default;
+    empty_iterator(empty_iterator const&) = default;
+    empty_iterator(empty_iterator &&)     = default;
+    empty_iterator& operator=(empty_iterator const&) = default;
+    empty_iterator& operator=(empty_iterator &&)     = default;
+
+    // DO NOT call these operators.
+    reference_type operator*()  const noexcept {std::terminate();}
+    pointer_type   operator->() const noexcept {return nullptr;}
+    reference_type operator[](difference_type) const noexcept {return this->operator*();}
+
+    // These operators do nothing.
+    empty_iterator& operator++()    noexcept {return *this;}
+    empty_iterator  operator++(int) noexcept {return *this;}
+    empty_iterator& operator--()    noexcept {return *this;}
+    empty_iterator  operator--(int) noexcept {return *this;}
+
+    empty_iterator& operator+=(difference_type) noexcept {return *this;}
+    empty_iterator& operator-=(difference_type) noexcept {return *this;}
+
+    empty_iterator  operator+(difference_type) const noexcept {return *this;}
+    empty_iterator  operator-(difference_type) const noexcept {return *this;}
+};
+
+template<typename T, bool C>
+bool operator==(const empty_iterator<T, C>&, const empty_iterator<T, C>&) noexcept {return true;}
+template<typename T, bool C>
+bool operator!=(const empty_iterator<T, C>&, const empty_iterator<T, C>&) noexcept {return false;}
+template<typename T, bool C>
+bool operator< (const empty_iterator<T, C>&, const empty_iterator<T, C>&) noexcept {return false;}
+template<typename T, bool C>
+bool operator<=(const empty_iterator<T, C>&, const empty_iterator<T, C>&) noexcept {return true;}
+template<typename T, bool C>
+bool operator> (const empty_iterator<T, C>&, const empty_iterator<T, C>&) noexcept {return false;}
+template<typename T, bool C>
+bool operator>=(const empty_iterator<T, C>&, const empty_iterator<T, C>&) noexcept {return true;}
+
+template<typename T, bool C>
+typename empty_iterator<T, C>::difference_type
+operator-(const empty_iterator<T, C>&, const empty_iterator<T, C>&) noexcept {return 0;}
+
+template<typename T, bool C>
+empty_iterator<T, C>
+operator+(typename empty_iterator<T, C>::difference_type, const empty_iterator<T, C>& rhs) noexcept {return rhs;}
+template<typename T, bool C>
+empty_iterator<T, C>
+operator+(const empty_iterator<T, C>& lhs, typename empty_iterator<T, C>::difference_type) noexcept {return lhs;}
+
+} // detail
+
+// The default comment type. It discards all the comments. It requires only one
+// byte to contain, so the memory footprint is smaller than preserve_comments.
+//
+// It just ignores `push_back`, `insert`, `erase`, and any other modifications.
+// IT always returns size() == 0, the iterator taken by `begin()` is always the
+// same as that of `end()`, and accessing through `operator[]` or iterators
+// always causes a segmentation fault. DO NOT access to the element of this.
+//
+// Why this is chose as the default type is because the last version (2.x.y)
+// does not contain any comments in a value. To minimize the impact on the
+// efficiency, this is choosed as a default.
+//
+// To reduce the memory footprint, later we can try empty base optimization (EBO).
+struct discard_comments
+{
+    using size_type              = std::size_t;
+    using difference_type        = std::ptrdiff_t;
+    using value_type             = std::string;
+    using reference              = std::string&;
+    using const_reference        = std::string const&;
+    using pointer                = std::string*;
+    using const_pointer          = std::string const*;
+    using iterator               = detail::empty_iterator<std::string, false>;
+    using const_iterator         = detail::empty_iterator<std::string, true>;
+    using reverse_iterator       = detail::empty_iterator<std::string, false>;
+    using const_reverse_iterator = detail::empty_iterator<std::string, true>;
+
+    discard_comments() = default;
+    ~discard_comments() = default;
+    discard_comments(discard_comments const&) = default;
+    discard_comments(discard_comments &&)     = default;
+    discard_comments& operator=(discard_comments const&) = default;
+    discard_comments& operator=(discard_comments &&)     = default;
+
+    explicit discard_comments(const std::vector<std::string>&) noexcept {}
+    explicit discard_comments(std::vector<std::string>&&)      noexcept {}
+    discard_comments& operator=(const std::vector<std::string>&) noexcept {return *this;}
+    discard_comments& operator=(std::vector<std::string>&&)      noexcept {return *this;}
+
+    explicit discard_comments(const preserve_comments&)        noexcept {}
+
+    explicit discard_comments(size_type) noexcept {}
+    discard_comments(size_type, const std::string&) noexcept {}
+    discard_comments(std::initializer_list<std::string>) noexcept {}
+    template<typename InputIterator>
+    discard_comments(InputIterator, InputIterator) noexcept {}
+
+    template<typename InputIterator>
+    void assign(InputIterator, InputIterator)       noexcept {}
+    void assign(std::initializer_list<std::string>) noexcept {}
+    void assign(size_type, const std::string&)      noexcept {}
+
+    iterator insert(const_iterator, const std::string&)                 {return iterator{};}
+    iterator insert(const_iterator, std::string&&)                      {return iterator{};}
+    iterator insert(const_iterator, size_type, const std::string&)      {return iterator{};}
+    template<typename InputIterator>
+    iterator insert(const_iterator, InputIterator, InputIterator)       {return iterator{};}
+    iterator insert(const_iterator, std::initializer_list<std::string>) {return iterator{};}
+
+    template<typename ... Ts>
+    iterator emplace(const_iterator, Ts&& ...)     {return iterator{};}
+    iterator erase(const_iterator)                 {return iterator{};}
+    iterator erase(const_iterator, const_iterator) {return iterator{};}
+
+    void swap(discard_comments&) {return;}
+
+    void push_back(const std::string&) {return;}
+    void push_back(std::string&&     ) {return;}
+    void pop_back()                    {return;}
+
+    template<typename ... Ts>
+    void emplace_back(Ts&& ...) {return;}
+
+    void clear() {return;}
+
+    size_type size()     const noexcept {return 0;}
+    size_type max_size() const noexcept {return 0;}
+    size_type capacity() const noexcept {return 0;}
+    bool      empty()    const noexcept {return true;}
+
+    void reserve(size_type)                    {return;}
+    void resize(size_type)                     {return;}
+    void resize(size_type, const std::string&) {return;}
+    void shrink_to_fit()                       {return;}
+
+    // DO NOT access to the element of this container. This container is always
+    // empty, so accessing through operator[], front/back, data causes address
+    // error.
+
+    reference       operator[](const size_type)       noexcept {return *data();}
+    const_reference operator[](const size_type) const noexcept {return *data();}
+    reference       at(const size_type)       {throw std::out_of_range("toml::discard_comment is always empty.");}
+    const_reference at(const size_type) const {throw std::out_of_range("toml::discard_comment is always empty.");}
+    reference       front()       noexcept {return *data();}
+    const_reference front() const noexcept {return *data();}
+    reference       back()        noexcept {return *data();}
+    const_reference back()  const noexcept {return *data();}
+
+    pointer         data()        noexcept {return nullptr;}
+    const_pointer   data()  const noexcept {return nullptr;}
+
+    iterator       begin()        noexcept {return iterator{};}
+    iterator       end()          noexcept {return iterator{};}
+    const_iterator begin()  const noexcept {return const_iterator{};}
+    const_iterator end()    const noexcept {return const_iterator{};}
+    const_iterator cbegin() const noexcept {return const_iterator{};}
+    const_iterator cend()   const noexcept {return const_iterator{};}
+
+    reverse_iterator       rbegin()        noexcept {return iterator{};}
+    reverse_iterator       rend()          noexcept {return iterator{};}
+    const_reverse_iterator rbegin()  const noexcept {return const_iterator{};}
+    const_reverse_iterator rend()    const noexcept {return const_iterator{};}
+    const_reverse_iterator crbegin() const noexcept {return const_iterator{};}
+    const_reverse_iterator crend()   const noexcept {return const_iterator{};}
+};
+
+inline bool operator==(const discard_comments&, const discard_comments&) noexcept {return true;}
+inline bool operator!=(const discard_comments&, const discard_comments&) noexcept {return false;}
+inline bool operator< (const discard_comments&, const discard_comments&) noexcept {return false;}
+inline bool operator<=(const discard_comments&, const discard_comments&) noexcept {return true;}
+inline bool operator> (const discard_comments&, const discard_comments&) noexcept {return false;}
+inline bool operator>=(const discard_comments&, const discard_comments&) noexcept {return true;}
+
+inline void swap(const discard_comments&, const discard_comments&) noexcept {return;}
+
+template<typename charT, typename traits>
+std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
+operator<<(std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os, const discard_comments&)
+{
+    return os;
+}
+
+} // toml11
+#endif// TOML11_COMMENTS_HPP

toml/datetime.hpp

@@ -1,231 +1,631 @@
-#ifndef TOML11_DATETIME
-#define TOML11_DATETIME
+//     Copyright Toru Niina 2017.
+// Distributed under the MIT License.
+#ifndef TOML11_DATETIME_HPP
+#define TOML11_DATETIME_HPP
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <cstdlib>
+#include <ctime>
+
+#include <array>
 #include <chrono>
 #include <iomanip>
-#include <ctime>
+#include <ostream>
+#include <tuple>
 
 namespace toml
 {
 
-template<typename unsignedT, typename intT>
-struct basic_datetime
+// To avoid non-threadsafe std::localtime. In C11 (not C++11!), localtime_s is
+// provided in the absolutely same purpose, but C++11 is actually not compatible
+// with C11. We need to dispatch the function depending on the OS.
+namespace detail
 {
-    typedef unsignedT number_type;
-    typedef intT      offset_type;
-    constexpr static unsignedT undef    = std::numeric_limits<unsignedT>::max();
-    constexpr static intT      nooffset = std::numeric_limits<intT>::max();
+// TODO: find more sophisticated way to handle this
+#if (defined(_POSIX_C_SOURCE) && _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 1) || defined(_XOPEN_SOURCE) || defined(_BSD_SOURCE) || defined(_SVID_SOURCE) || defined(_POSIX_SOURCE)
+inline std::tm localtime_s(const std::time_t* src)
+{
+    std::tm dst;
+    const auto result = ::localtime_r(src, &dst);
+    if (!result) { throw std::runtime_error("localtime_r failed."); }
+    return dst;
+}
+inline std::tm gmtime_s(const std::time_t* src)
+{
+    std::tm dst;
+    const auto result = ::gmtime_r(src, &dst);
+    if (!result) { throw std::runtime_error("gmtime_r failed."); }
+    return dst;
+}
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
+inline std::tm localtime_s(const std::time_t* src)
+{
+    std::tm dst;
+    const auto result = ::localtime_s(&dst, src);
+    if (result) { throw std::runtime_error("localtime_s failed."); }
+    return dst;
+}
+inline std::tm gmtime_s(const std::time_t* src)
+{
+    std::tm dst;
+    const auto result = ::gmtime_s(&dst, src);
+    if (result) { throw std::runtime_error("gmtime_s failed."); }
+    return dst;
+}
+#else // fallback. not threadsafe
+inline std::tm localtime_s(const std::time_t* src)
+{
+    const auto result = std::localtime(src);
+    if (!result) { throw std::runtime_error("localtime failed."); }
+    return *result;
+}
+inline std::tm gmtime_s(const std::time_t* src)
+{
+    const auto result = std::gmtime(src);
+    if (!result) { throw std::runtime_error("gmtime failed."); }
+    return *result;
+}
+#endif
+} // detail
 
-    unsignedT year;
-    unsignedT month;
-    unsignedT day;
-    unsignedT hour;
-    unsignedT minute;
-    unsignedT second;
-    unsignedT millisecond;
-    unsignedT microsecond;
-    intT      offset_hour;
-    intT      offset_minute;
+enum class month_t : std::uint8_t
+{
+    Jan =  0,
+    Feb =  1,
+    Mar =  2,
+    Apr =  3,
+    May =  4,
+    Jun =  5,
+    Jul =  6,
+    Aug =  7,
+    Sep =  8,
+    Oct =  9,
+    Nov = 10,
+    Dec = 11
+};
 
-    basic_datetime() = default;
-    ~basic_datetime() = default;
-    basic_datetime(const basic_datetime&) = default;
-    basic_datetime(basic_datetime&&) = default;
-    basic_datetime& operator=(const basic_datetime&) = default;
-    basic_datetime& operator=(basic_datetime&&) = default;
+struct local_date
+{
+    std::int16_t year;   // A.D. (like, 2018)
+    std::uint8_t month;  // [0, 11]
+    std::uint8_t day;    // [1, 31]
 
-    basic_datetime(unsignedT y, unsignedT m, unsignedT d)
-        : year(y), month(m), day(d), hour(undef), minute(undef), second(undef),
-          millisecond(undef), microsecond(undef),
-          offset_hour(nooffset), offset_minute(nooffset)
-    {}
-    basic_datetime(unsignedT h, unsignedT m, unsignedT s,
-                   unsignedT ms, unsignedT us)
-        : year(undef), month(undef), day(undef), hour(h), minute(m), second(s),
-          millisecond(ms), microsecond(us),
-          offset_hour(nooffset), offset_minute(nooffset)
-    {}
-    basic_datetime(unsignedT y, unsignedT mth, unsignedT d,
-                   unsignedT h, unsignedT min, unsignedT s,
-                   unsignedT ms, unsignedT us)
-        : year(y), month(mth), day(d), hour(h), minute(min), second(s),
-          millisecond(ms), microsecond(us),
-          offset_hour(nooffset), offset_minute(nooffset)
-    {}
-    basic_datetime(unsignedT y, unsignedT mth, unsignedT d,
-                   unsignedT h, unsignedT min, unsignedT s,
-                   unsignedT ss, unsignedT us, intT oh, intT om)
-        : year(y), month(mth), day(d), hour(h), minute(min), second(s),
-          millisecond(ss), microsecond(us), offset_hour(oh), offset_minute(om)
+    local_date(int y, month_t m, int d)
+        : year (static_cast<std::int16_t>(y)),
+          month(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(m)),
+          day  (static_cast<std::uint8_t>(d))
     {}
 
-    basic_datetime(std::chrono::system_clock::time_point tp);
-    basic_datetime(std::time_t t);
+    explicit local_date(const std::tm& t)
+        : year (static_cast<std::int16_t>(t.tm_year + 1900)),
+          month(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(t.tm_mon)),
+          day  (static_cast<std::uint8_t>(t.tm_mday))
+    {}
+
+    explicit local_date(const std::chrono::system_clock::time_point& tp)
+    {
+        const auto t    = std::chrono::system_clock::to_time_t(tp);
+        const auto time = detail::localtime_s(&t);
+        *this = local_date(time);
+    }
+
+    explicit local_date(const std::time_t t)
+        : local_date(std::chrono::system_clock::from_time_t(t))
+    {}
 
     operator std::chrono::system_clock::time_point() const
     {
-        std::tm time;
-        if(this->year == undef || this->month == undef || this->day == undef)
-        {
-            const auto now = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
-            const auto t = std::chrono::system_clock::to_time_t(now);
-            std::tm* t_ = std::localtime(&t);
-            time.tm_year = t_->tm_year;
-            time.tm_mon  = t_->tm_mon;
-            time.tm_mday = t_->tm_mday;
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            time.tm_year = this->year - 1900;
-            time.tm_mon  = this->month - 1;
-            time.tm_mday = this->day;
-        }
-        time.tm_hour = (this->hour   == undef) ? 0 : this->hour;
-        time.tm_min  = (this->minute == undef) ? 0 : this->minute;
-        time.tm_sec  = (this->second == undef) ? 0 : this->second;
-
-        auto tp = std::chrono::system_clock::from_time_t(std::mktime(&time));
-        tp += std::chrono::milliseconds(this->millisecond);
-        tp += std::chrono::microseconds(this->microsecond);
-        // mktime regards the tm struct as localtime. so adding offset is not needed.
-
-        return tp;
+        // std::mktime returns date as local time zone. no conversion needed
+        std::tm t;
+        t.tm_sec   = 0;
+        t.tm_min   = 0;
+        t.tm_hour  = 0;
+        t.tm_mday  = static_cast<int>(this->day);
+        t.tm_mon   = static_cast<int>(this->month);
+        t.tm_year  = static_cast<int>(this->year) - 1900;
+        t.tm_wday  = 0; // the value will be ignored
+        t.tm_yday  = 0; // the value will be ignored
+        t.tm_isdst = -1;
+        return std::chrono::system_clock::from_time_t(std::mktime(&t));
     }
+
     operator std::time_t() const
     {
         return std::chrono::system_clock::to_time_t(
-               std::chrono::system_clock::time_point(*this));
+                std::chrono::system_clock::time_point(*this));
     }
+
+    local_date() = default;
+    ~local_date() = default;
+    local_date(local_date const&) = default;
+    local_date(local_date&&)      = default;
+    local_date& operator=(local_date const&) = default;
+    local_date& operator=(local_date&&)      = default;
 };
 
-template<typename uT, typename iT>
-basic_datetime<uT, iT>::basic_datetime(std::chrono::system_clock::time_point tp)
+inline bool operator==(const local_date& lhs, const local_date& rhs)
 {
-    const auto t = std::chrono::system_clock::to_time_t(tp);
-    std::tm *time = std::localtime(&t);
-    this->year   = time->tm_year + 1900;
-    this->month  = time->tm_mon + 1;
-    this->day    = time->tm_mday;
-    this->hour   = time->tm_hour;
-    this->minute = time->tm_min;
-    this->second = time->tm_sec;
-    auto t_ = std::chrono::system_clock::from_time_t(std::mktime(time));
-    auto diff = tp - t_;
-    this->millisecond = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds
-        >(diff).count() % 1000;
-    this->microsecond = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds
-        >(diff).count() % 1000;
-
-    std::tm *utc = std::gmtime(&t);
-    int total_offset = (this->hour   - utc->tm_hour) * 60 +
-                       (this->minute - utc->tm_min);
-         if(total_offset >  720) total_offset -= 1440;
-    else if(total_offset < -720) total_offset += 1440;
-    offset_hour   = total_offset / 60;
-    offset_minute = total_offset - (offset_hour * 60);
+    return std::make_tuple(lhs.year, lhs.month, lhs.day) ==
+           std::make_tuple(rhs.year, rhs.month, rhs.day);
+}
+inline bool operator!=(const local_date& lhs, const local_date& rhs)
+{
+    return !(lhs == rhs);
+}
+inline bool operator< (const local_date& lhs, const local_date& rhs)
+{
+    return std::make_tuple(lhs.year, lhs.month, lhs.day) <
+           std::make_tuple(rhs.year, rhs.month, rhs.day);
+}
+inline bool operator<=(const local_date& lhs, const local_date& rhs)
+{
+    return (lhs < rhs) || (lhs == rhs);
+}
+inline bool operator> (const local_date& lhs, const local_date& rhs)
+{
+    return !(lhs <= rhs);
+}
+inline bool operator>=(const local_date& lhs, const local_date& rhs)
+{
+    return !(lhs < rhs);
 }
 
-template<typename uT, typename iT>
-basic_datetime<uT, iT>::basic_datetime(std::time_t t)
-{
-    *this = basic_datetime(std::chrono::system_clock::from_time_t(t));
-}
-
-
-template<typename charT, typename traits, typename uT, typename iT>
+template<typename charT, typename traits>
 std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
-operator<<(std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os, basic_datetime<uT, iT> const& dt)
+operator<<(std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os, const local_date& date)
 {
-    bool date = false;
-    if(dt.year  != basic_datetime<uT, iT>::undef &&
-       dt.month != basic_datetime<uT, iT>::undef &&
-       dt.day   != basic_datetime<uT, iT>::undef)
+    os << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(4) << static_cast<int>(date.year )     << '-';
+    os << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(2) << static_cast<int>(date.month) + 1 << '-';
+    os << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(2) << static_cast<int>(date.day  )    ;
+    return os;
+}
+
+struct local_time
+{
+    std::uint8_t  hour;        // [0, 23]
+    std::uint8_t  minute;      // [0, 59]
+    std::uint8_t  second;      // [0, 60]
+    std::uint16_t millisecond; // [0, 999]
+    std::uint16_t microsecond; // [0, 999]
+    std::uint16_t nanosecond;  // [0, 999]
+
+    local_time(int h, int m, int s,
+               int ms = 0, int us = 0, int ns = 0)
+        : hour  (static_cast<std::uint8_t>(h)),
+          minute(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(m)),
+          second(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(s)),
+          millisecond(static_cast<std::uint16_t>(ms)),
+          microsecond(static_cast<std::uint16_t>(us)),
+          nanosecond (static_cast<std::uint16_t>(ns))
+    {}
+
+    explicit local_time(const std::tm& t)
+        : hour  (static_cast<std::uint8_t>(t.tm_hour)),
+          minute(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(t.tm_min)),
+          second(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(t.tm_sec)),
+          millisecond(0), microsecond(0), nanosecond(0)
+    {}
+
+    template<typename Rep, typename Period>
+    explicit local_time(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period>& t)
     {
-        os << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(4) << dt.year << '-'
-           << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(2) << dt.month << '-'
-           << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(2) << dt.day;
-        date = true;
+        const auto h = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::hours>(t);
+        this->hour = static_cast<std::uint8_t>(h.count());
+        const auto t2 = t - h;
+        const auto m = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::minutes>(t2);
+        this->minute = static_cast<std::uint8_t>(m.count());
+        const auto t3 = t2 - m;
+        const auto s = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::seconds>(t3);
+        this->second = static_cast<std::uint8_t>(s.count());
+        const auto t4 = t3 - s;
+        const auto ms = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(t4);
+        this->millisecond = static_cast<std::uint16_t>(ms.count());
+        const auto t5 = t4 - ms;
+        const auto us = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds>(t5);
+        this->microsecond = static_cast<std::uint16_t>(us.count());
+        const auto t6 = t5 - us;
+        const auto ns = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::nanoseconds>(t6);
+        this->nanosecond = static_cast<std::uint16_t>(ns.count());
     }
-    if(dt.hour   != basic_datetime<uT, iT>::undef &&
-       dt.minute != basic_datetime<uT, iT>::undef &&
-       dt.second != basic_datetime<uT, iT>::undef)
+
+    operator std::chrono::nanoseconds() const
     {
-        if(date) os << 'T';
-        os << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(2) << dt.hour   << ':'
-           << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(2) << dt.minute << ':'
-           << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(2) << dt.second << '.'
-           << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(3) << dt.millisecond
-           << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(3) << dt.microsecond;
+        return std::chrono::nanoseconds (this->nanosecond)  +
+               std::chrono::microseconds(this->microsecond) +
+               std::chrono::milliseconds(this->millisecond) +
+               std::chrono::seconds(this->second) +
+               std::chrono::minutes(this->minute) +
+               std::chrono::hours(this->hour);
     }
-    if(dt.offset_hour   != basic_datetime<uT, iT>::nooffset &&
-       dt.offset_minute != basic_datetime<uT, iT>::nooffset)
+
+    local_time() = default;
+    ~local_time() = default;
+    local_time(local_time const&) = default;
+    local_time(local_time&&)      = default;
+    local_time& operator=(local_time const&) = default;
+    local_time& operator=(local_time&&)      = default;
+};
+
+inline bool operator==(const local_time& lhs, const local_time& rhs)
+{
+    return std::make_tuple(lhs.hour, lhs.minute, lhs.second, lhs.millisecond, lhs.microsecond, lhs.nanosecond) ==
+           std::make_tuple(rhs.hour, rhs.minute, rhs.second, rhs.millisecond, rhs.microsecond, rhs.nanosecond);
+}
+inline bool operator!=(const local_time& lhs, const local_time& rhs)
+{
+    return !(lhs == rhs);
+}
+inline bool operator< (const local_time& lhs, const local_time& rhs)
+{
+    return std::make_tuple(lhs.hour, lhs.minute, lhs.second, lhs.millisecond, lhs.microsecond, lhs.nanosecond) <
+           std::make_tuple(rhs.hour, rhs.minute, rhs.second, rhs.millisecond, rhs.microsecond, rhs.nanosecond);
+}
+inline bool operator<=(const local_time& lhs, const local_time& rhs)
+{
+    return (lhs < rhs) || (lhs == rhs);
+}
+inline bool operator> (const local_time& lhs, const local_time& rhs)
+{
+    return !(lhs <= rhs);
+}
+inline bool operator>=(const local_time& lhs, const local_time& rhs)
+{
+    return !(lhs < rhs);
+}
+
+template<typename charT, typename traits>
+std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
+operator<<(std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os, const local_time& time)
+{
+    os << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(2) << static_cast<int>(time.hour  ) << ':';
+    os << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(2) << static_cast<int>(time.minute) << ':';
+    os << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(2) << static_cast<int>(time.second);
+    if(time.millisecond != 0 || time.microsecond != 0 || time.nanosecond != 0)
     {
-        if(dt.offset_hour == 0 && dt.offset_minute == 0)
+        os << '.';
+        os << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(3) << static_cast<int>(time.millisecond);
+        if(time.microsecond != 0 || time.nanosecond != 0)
         {
-            os << 'Z';
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            char sign = ' ';
-            iT oh = dt.offset_hour;
-            iT om = dt.offset_minute;
-            om += oh * 60;
-            if(om > 0) sign = '+'; else sign='-';
-            oh =  om / 60;
-            om -= oh * 60;
-            os << sign << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(2) << std::abs(oh) << ':'
-                       << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(2) << std::abs(om);
+            os << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(3) << static_cast<int>(time.microsecond);
+            if(time.nanosecond != 0)
+            {
+                os << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(3) << static_cast<int>(time.nanosecond);
+            }
         }
     }
     return os;
 }
 
-template<typename uT, typename iT>
-inline bool
-operator==(basic_datetime<uT, iT> const& lhs, basic_datetime<uT, iT> const& rhs)
+struct time_offset
 {
-    return lhs.year   == rhs.year   && lhs.month  == rhs.month  &&
-           lhs.day    == rhs.day    && lhs.minute == rhs.minute &&
-           lhs.second == rhs.second && lhs.millisecond == rhs.millisecond &&
-           lhs.microsecond == rhs.microsecond &&
-           lhs.offset_hour == rhs.offset_hour &&
-           lhs.offset_minute == rhs.offset_minute;
-}
+    std::int8_t hour;   // [-12, 12]
+    std::int8_t minute; // [-59, 59]
 
-template<typename uT, typename iT>
-inline bool
-operator!=(basic_datetime<uT, iT> const& lhs, basic_datetime<uT, iT> const& rhs)
+    time_offset(int h, int m)
+        : hour  (static_cast<std::int8_t>(h)),
+          minute(static_cast<std::int8_t>(m))
+    {}
+
+    operator std::chrono::minutes() const
+    {
+        return std::chrono::minutes(this->minute) +
+               std::chrono::hours(this->hour);
+    }
+
+    time_offset() = default;
+    ~time_offset() = default;
+    time_offset(time_offset const&) = default;
+    time_offset(time_offset&&)      = default;
+    time_offset& operator=(time_offset const&) = default;
+    time_offset& operator=(time_offset&&)      = default;
+};
+
+inline bool operator==(const time_offset& lhs, const time_offset& rhs)
+{
+    return std::make_tuple(lhs.hour, lhs.minute) ==
+           std::make_tuple(rhs.hour, rhs.minute);
+}
+inline bool operator!=(const time_offset& lhs, const time_offset& rhs)
 {
     return !(lhs == rhs);
 }
-
-template<typename uT, typename iT>
-inline bool
-operator<(basic_datetime<uT, iT> const& lhs, basic_datetime<uT, iT> const& rhs)
+inline bool operator< (const time_offset& lhs, const time_offset& rhs)
 {
-    return std::time_t(lhs) < std::time_t(rhs);
+    return std::make_tuple(lhs.hour, lhs.minute) <
+           std::make_tuple(rhs.hour, rhs.minute);
+}
+inline bool operator<=(const time_offset& lhs, const time_offset& rhs)
+{
+    return (lhs < rhs) || (lhs == rhs);
+}
+inline bool operator> (const time_offset& lhs, const time_offset& rhs)
+{
+    return !(lhs <= rhs);
+}
+inline bool operator>=(const time_offset& lhs, const time_offset& rhs)
+{
+    return !(lhs < rhs);
 }
 
-template<typename uT, typename iT>
-inline bool
-operator<=(basic_datetime<uT, iT> const& lhs, basic_datetime<uT, iT> const& rhs)
+template<typename charT, typename traits>
+std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
+operator<<(std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os, const time_offset& offset)
 {
-    return std::time_t(lhs) <= std::time_t(rhs);
+    if(offset.hour == 0 && offset.minute == 0)
+    {
+        os << 'Z';
+        return os;
+    }
+    int minute = static_cast<int>(offset.hour) * 60 + offset.minute;
+    if(minute < 0){os << '-'; minute = std::abs(minute);} else {os << '+';}
+    os << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(2) << minute / 60 << ':';
+    os << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(2) << minute % 60;
+    return os;
 }
 
-template<typename uT, typename iT>
-inline bool
-operator>(basic_datetime<uT, iT> const& lhs, basic_datetime<uT, iT> const& rhs)
+struct local_datetime
 {
-    return std::time_t(lhs) > std::time_t(rhs);
+    local_date date;
+    local_time time;
+
+    local_datetime(local_date d, local_time t): date(d), time(t) {}
+
+    explicit local_datetime(const std::tm& t): date(t), time(t){}
+
+    explicit local_datetime(const std::chrono::system_clock::time_point& tp)
+    {
+        const auto t = std::chrono::system_clock::to_time_t(tp);
+        std::tm ltime = detail::localtime_s(&t);
+
+        this->date = local_date(ltime);
+        this->time = local_time(ltime);
+
+        // std::tm lacks subsecond information, so diff between tp and tm
+        // can be used to get millisecond & microsecond information.
+        const auto t_diff = tp -
+            std::chrono::system_clock::from_time_t(std::mktime(&ltime));
+        this->time.millisecond = static_cast<std::uint16_t>(
+          std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(t_diff).count());
+        this->time.microsecond = static_cast<std::uint16_t>(
+          std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds>(t_diff).count());
+        this->time.nanosecond = static_cast<std::uint16_t>(
+          std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::nanoseconds >(t_diff).count());
+    }
+
+    explicit local_datetime(const std::time_t t)
+        : local_datetime(std::chrono::system_clock::from_time_t(t))
+    {}
+
+    operator std::chrono::system_clock::time_point() const
+    {
+        using internal_duration =
+            typename std::chrono::system_clock::time_point::duration;
+
+        // Normally DST begins at A.M. 3 or 4. If we re-use conversion operator
+        // of local_date and local_time independently, the conversion fails if
+        // it is the day when DST begins or ends. Since local_date considers the
+        // time is 00:00 A.M. and local_time does not consider DST because it
+        // does not have any date information. We need to consider both date and
+        // time information at the same time to convert it correctly.
+
+        std::tm t;
+        t.tm_sec   = static_cast<int>(this->time.second);
+        t.tm_min   = static_cast<int>(this->time.minute);
+        t.tm_hour  = static_cast<int>(this->time.hour);
+        t.tm_mday  = static_cast<int>(this->date.day);
+        t.tm_mon   = static_cast<int>(this->date.month);
+        t.tm_year  = static_cast<int>(this->date.year) - 1900;
+        t.tm_wday  = 0; // the value will be ignored
+        t.tm_yday  = 0; // the value will be ignored
+        t.tm_isdst = -1;
+
+        // std::mktime returns date as local time zone. no conversion needed
+        auto dt = std::chrono::system_clock::from_time_t(std::mktime(&t));
+        dt += std::chrono::duration_cast<internal_duration>(
+                std::chrono::milliseconds(this->time.millisecond) +
+                std::chrono::microseconds(this->time.microsecond) +
+                std::chrono::nanoseconds (this->time.nanosecond));
+        return dt;
+    }
+
+    operator std::time_t() const
+    {
+        return std::chrono::system_clock::to_time_t(
+                std::chrono::system_clock::time_point(*this));
+    }
+
+    local_datetime() = default;
+    ~local_datetime() = default;
+    local_datetime(local_datetime const&) = default;
+    local_datetime(local_datetime&&)      = default;
+    local_datetime& operator=(local_datetime const&) = default;
+    local_datetime& operator=(local_datetime&&)      = default;
+};
+
+inline bool operator==(const local_datetime& lhs, const local_datetime& rhs)
+{
+    return std::make_tuple(lhs.date, lhs.time) ==
+           std::make_tuple(rhs.date, rhs.time);
+}
+inline bool operator!=(const local_datetime& lhs, const local_datetime& rhs)
+{
+    return !(lhs == rhs);
+}
+inline bool operator< (const local_datetime& lhs, const local_datetime& rhs)
+{
+    return std::make_tuple(lhs.date, lhs.time) <
+           std::make_tuple(rhs.date, rhs.time);
+}
+inline bool operator<=(const local_datetime& lhs, const local_datetime& rhs)
+{
+    return (lhs < rhs) || (lhs == rhs);
+}
+inline bool operator> (const local_datetime& lhs, const local_datetime& rhs)
+{
+    return !(lhs <= rhs);
+}
+inline bool operator>=(const local_datetime& lhs, const local_datetime& rhs)
+{
+    return !(lhs < rhs);
 }
 
-template<typename uT, typename iT>
-inline bool
-operator>=(basic_datetime<uT, iT> const& lhs, basic_datetime<uT, iT> const& rhs)
+template<typename charT, typename traits>
+std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
+operator<<(std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os, const local_datetime& dt)
 {
-    return std::time_t(lhs) >= std::time_t(rhs);
+    os << dt.date << 'T' << dt.time;
+    return os;
 }
 
+struct offset_datetime
+{
+    local_date  date;
+    local_time  time;
+    time_offset offset;
+
+    offset_datetime(local_date d, local_time t, time_offset o)
+        : date(d), time(t), offset(o)
+    {}
+    offset_datetime(const local_datetime& dt, time_offset o)
+        : date(dt.date), time(dt.time), offset(o)
+    {}
+    explicit offset_datetime(const local_datetime& ld)
+        : date(ld.date), time(ld.time), offset(get_local_offset(nullptr))
+          // use the current local timezone offset
+    {}
+    explicit offset_datetime(const std::chrono::system_clock::time_point& tp)
+        : offset(0, 0) // use gmtime
+    {
+        const auto timet = std::chrono::system_clock::to_time_t(tp);
+        const auto tm    = detail::gmtime_s(&timet);
+        this->date = local_date(tm);
+        this->time = local_time(tm);
+    }
+    explicit offset_datetime(const std::time_t& t)
+        : offset(0, 0) // use gmtime
+    {
+        const auto tm    = detail::gmtime_s(&t);
+        this->date = local_date(tm);
+        this->time = local_time(tm);
+    }
+    explicit offset_datetime(const std::tm& t)
+        : offset(0, 0) // assume gmtime
+    {
+        this->date = local_date(t);
+        this->time = local_time(t);
+    }
+
+    operator std::chrono::system_clock::time_point() const
+    {
+        // get date-time
+        using internal_duration =
+            typename std::chrono::system_clock::time_point::duration;
+
+        // first, convert it to local date-time information in the same way as
+        // local_datetime does. later we will use time_t to adjust time offset.
+        std::tm t;
+        t.tm_sec   = static_cast<int>(this->time.second);
+        t.tm_min   = static_cast<int>(this->time.minute);
+        t.tm_hour  = static_cast<int>(this->time.hour);
+        t.tm_mday  = static_cast<int>(this->date.day);
+        t.tm_mon   = static_cast<int>(this->date.month);
+        t.tm_year  = static_cast<int>(this->date.year) - 1900;
+        t.tm_wday  = 0; // the value will be ignored
+        t.tm_yday  = 0; // the value will be ignored
+        t.tm_isdst = -1;
+        const std::time_t tp_loc = std::mktime(std::addressof(t));
+
+        auto tp = std::chrono::system_clock::from_time_t(tp_loc);
+        tp += std::chrono::duration_cast<internal_duration>(
+                std::chrono::milliseconds(this->time.millisecond) +
+                std::chrono::microseconds(this->time.microsecond) +
+                std::chrono::nanoseconds (this->time.nanosecond));
+
+        // Since mktime uses local time zone, it should be corrected.
+        // `12:00:00+09:00` means `03:00:00Z`. So mktime returns `03:00:00Z` if
+        // we are in `+09:00` timezone. To represent `12:00:00Z` there, we need
+        // to add `+09:00` to `03:00:00Z`.
+        //    Here, it uses the time_t converted from date-time info to handle
+        // daylight saving time.
+        const auto ofs = get_local_offset(std::addressof(tp_loc));
+        tp += std::chrono::hours  (ofs.hour);
+        tp += std::chrono::minutes(ofs.minute);
+
+        // We got `12:00:00Z` by correcting local timezone applied by mktime.
+        // Then we will apply the offset. Let's say `12:00:00-08:00` is given.
+        // And now, we have `12:00:00Z`. `12:00:00-08:00` means `20:00:00Z`.
+        // So we need to subtract the offset.
+        tp -= std::chrono::minutes(this->offset);
+        return tp;
+    }
+
+    operator std::time_t() const
+    {
+        return std::chrono::system_clock::to_time_t(
+                std::chrono::system_clock::time_point(*this));
+    }
+
+    offset_datetime() = default;
+    ~offset_datetime() = default;
+    offset_datetime(offset_datetime const&) = default;
+    offset_datetime(offset_datetime&&)      = default;
+    offset_datetime& operator=(offset_datetime const&) = default;
+    offset_datetime& operator=(offset_datetime&&)      = default;
+
+  private:
+
+    static time_offset get_local_offset(const std::time_t* tp)
+    {
+        // get local timezone with the same date-time information as mktime
+        const auto t = detail::localtime_s(tp);
+
+        std::array<char, 6> buf;
+        const auto result = std::strftime(buf.data(), 6, "%z", &t); // +hhmm\0
+        if(result != 5)
+        {
+            throw std::runtime_error("toml::offset_datetime: cannot obtain "
+                                     "timezone information of current env");
+        }
+        const int ofs = std::atoi(buf.data());
+        const int ofs_h = ofs / 100;
+        const int ofs_m = ofs - (ofs_h * 100);
+        return time_offset(ofs_h, ofs_m);
+    }
+};
+
+inline bool operator==(const offset_datetime& lhs, const offset_datetime& rhs)
+{
+    return std::make_tuple(lhs.date, lhs.time, lhs.offset) ==
+           std::make_tuple(rhs.date, rhs.time, rhs.offset);
+}
+inline bool operator!=(const offset_datetime& lhs, const offset_datetime& rhs)
+{
+    return !(lhs == rhs);
+}
+inline bool operator< (const offset_datetime& lhs, const offset_datetime& rhs)
+{
+    return std::make_tuple(lhs.date, lhs.time, lhs.offset) <
+           std::make_tuple(rhs.date, rhs.time, rhs.offset);
+}
+inline bool operator<=(const offset_datetime& lhs, const offset_datetime& rhs)
+{
+    return (lhs < rhs) || (lhs == rhs);
+}
+inline bool operator> (const offset_datetime& lhs, const offset_datetime& rhs)
+{
+    return !(lhs <= rhs);
+}
+inline bool operator>=(const offset_datetime& lhs, const offset_datetime& rhs)
+{
+    return !(lhs < rhs);
+}
+
+template<typename charT, typename traits>
+std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
+operator<<(std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os, const offset_datetime& dt)
+{
+    os << dt.date << 'T' << dt.time << dt.offset;
+    return os;
+}
 
 }//toml
 #endif// TOML11_DATETIME

toml/exception.hpp

@@ -1,23 +1,33 @@
-#ifndef TOML11_EXCEPTION
-#define TOML11_EXCEPTION
+//     Copyright Toru Niina 2017.
+// Distributed under the MIT License.
+#ifndef TOML11_EXCEPTION_HPP
+#define TOML11_EXCEPTION_HPP
 #include <stdexcept>
 #include <string>
 
+#include "source_location.hpp"
+
 namespace toml
 {
 
 struct exception : public std::exception
 {
   public:
+    explicit exception(const source_location& loc): loc_(loc) {}
     virtual ~exception() noexcept override = default;
     virtual const char* what() const noexcept override {return "";}
+    virtual source_location const& location() const noexcept {return loc_;}
+
+  protected:
+    source_location loc_;
 };
 
 struct syntax_error : public toml::exception
 {
   public:
-    explicit syntax_error(const std::string& what_arg) : what_(what_arg){}
-    explicit syntax_error(const char* what_arg)        : what_(what_arg){}
+    explicit syntax_error(const std::string& what_arg, const source_location& loc)
+        : exception(loc), what_(what_arg)
+    {}
     virtual ~syntax_error() noexcept override = default;
     virtual const char* what() const noexcept override {return what_.c_str();}
 
@@ -28,8 +38,9 @@ struct syntax_error : public toml::exception
 struct type_error : public toml::exception
 {
   public:
-    explicit type_error(const std::string& what_arg) : what_(what_arg){}
-    explicit type_error(const char* what_arg)        : what_(what_arg){}
+    explicit type_error(const std::string& what_arg, const source_location& loc)
+        : exception(loc), what_(what_arg)
+    {}
     virtual ~type_error() noexcept override = default;
     virtual const char* what() const noexcept override {return what_.c_str();}
 
@@ -40,10 +51,12 @@ struct type_error : public toml::exception
 struct internal_error : public toml::exception
 {
   public:
-    explicit internal_error(const std::string& what_arg) : what_(what_arg){}
-    explicit internal_error(const char* what_arg)        : what_(what_arg){}
+    explicit internal_error(const std::string& what_arg, const source_location& loc)
+        : exception(loc), what_(what_arg)
+    {}
     virtual ~internal_error() noexcept override = default;
     virtual const char* what() const noexcept override {return what_.c_str();}
+
   protected:
     std::string what_;
 };

toml/format.hpp

@@ -1,386 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef TOML11_FORMAT
-#define TOML11_FORMAT
-#include "value.hpp"
-#include <type_traits>
-#include <iostream>
-#include <sstream>
-#include <iomanip>
-#include <locale>
-
-namespace toml
-{
-
-// synopsis
-// toml::format("key", value, toml::make_inline(80))
-// toml::format("key", value, toml::forceinline)
-// std::cout << toml::make_inline(80) << value;
-// std::cout << toml::forceinline << value;
-
-template<typename traits = std::char_traits<toml::character>,
-         typename alloc = std::allocator<toml::character>>
-std::basic_string<toml::character, traits, alloc>
-format(const value& v);
-
-template<typename traits = std::char_traits<toml::character>,
-         typename alloc = std::allocator<toml::character>>
-std::basic_string<toml::character, traits, alloc>
-format(const value& v, std::size_t mk);
-
-template<typename traits = std::char_traits<toml::character>,
-         typename alloc = std::allocator<toml::character>>
-std::basic_string<toml::character, traits, alloc>
-format(const toml::key& k, const value& v);
-
-template<typename traits = std::char_traits<toml::character>,
-         typename alloc = std::allocator<toml::character>>
-std::basic_string<toml::character, traits, alloc>
-format(const toml::key& k, const value& v, std::size_t mk);
-
-template<value_t Type>
-struct format_impl;
-
-template<> struct format_impl<value_t::Boolean>
-{
-    typedef detail::toml_default_type<value_t::Boolean>::type type;
-
-    std::basic_string<toml::character>
-    operator()(const type& val)
-    {
-        return val ? "true" : "false";
-    }
-};
-
-template<> struct format_impl<value_t::Integer>
-{
-    typedef detail::toml_default_type<value_t::Integer>::type type;
-
-    std::basic_string<toml::character>
-    operator()(const type& val)
-    {
-        return std::to_string(val);
-    }
-};
-
-template<> struct format_impl<value_t::Float>
-{
-    typedef detail::toml_default_type<value_t::Float>::type type;
-
-    std::basic_string<toml::character>
-    operator()(const type& val)
-    {
-        std::basic_ostringstream<toml::character> oss;
-        oss << std::showpoint << val;
-        if(oss.str().back() == '.') oss << '0';
-        return oss.str();
-    }
-};
-
-template<> struct format_impl<value_t::String>
-{
-    typedef detail::toml_default_type<value_t::String>::type type;
-
-    std::size_t max_length;
-
-    format_impl() : max_length(80){}
-    format_impl(std::size_t mx) : max_length(mx){}
-
-    std::basic_string<toml::character>
-    operator()(const type& val)
-    {
-        auto tmp = make_inline(val);
-        if(max_length == std::numeric_limits<std::size_t>::max() ||
-           tmp.size() <= max_length) return tmp;
-        return convert_multiline(std::move(tmp));
-    }
-
-  private:
-
-    std::basic_string<toml::character>
-    make_inline(const std::basic_string<toml::character>& val)
-    {
-        std::basic_string<toml::character> str;
-        str += '"';
-        for(const auto& c : val)
-        {
-            if('\0' < c && c < '\31')
-            {
-                switch(c)
-                {
-                    case '\b': str += "\\b"; break;
-                    case '\t': str += "\\t"; break;
-                    case '\n': str += "\\n"; break;
-                    case '\f': str += "\\f"; break;
-                    case '\r': str += "\\r"; break;
-                    default:
-                    {
-                        str += 'u';
-                        std::basic_ostringstream<toml::character> oss;
-                        oss << std::setw(4) << std::setfill('0') << std::hex
-                            << static_cast<std::int8_t>(c);
-                        auto hexdig = oss.str();
-                        std::transform(hexdig.begin(), hexdig.end(), hexdig.begin(), ::toupper);
-                        str += oss.str();
-                        break;
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-            else if(c == '"')
-            {
-                str += "\\\"";
-            }
-            else if(c == '\\')
-            {
-                str += "\\\\";
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                str += c;
-            }
-        }
-        str += '"';
-        return str;
-    }
-
-    std::basic_string<toml::character>
-    convert_multiline(std::basic_string<toml::character>&& val)
-    {
-        std::basic_string<toml::character> str; str.reserve(val.size() + 6);
-        str += "\"\"\"\n";
-        std::size_t current = 0;
-        for(auto iter = val.begin()+1; iter != val.end()-1; ++iter)
-        {
-            if(*iter != '\\')
-            {
-                if(current + 1 == max_length) str += "\\\n";
-                str += *iter; continue;
-            }
-            assert(std::next(iter) < val.end()-1);
-            if(*std::next(iter) == 'u')
-            {
-                if(current + 5 == max_length) str += "\\\n";
-                assert(iter + 5 < val.end()-1);
-                str += *iter; ++iter;  // u
-                str += *iter; ++iter;  // 0
-                str += *iter; ++iter;  // 1
-                str += *iter; ++iter;  // 2
-                str += *iter; continue;// 3
-            }
-            if(current + 2 == max_length) str += "\\\n";
-            str += *iter; ++iter; str += *iter;
-        }
-        str += "\"\"\"";
-        return str;
-    }
-
-};
-
-template<> struct format_impl<value_t::Datetime>
-{
-    typedef detail::toml_default_type<value_t::Datetime>::type type;
-
-    std::basic_string<toml::character>
-    operator()(const type& val)
-    {
-        std::basic_ostringstream<toml::character> oss;
-        oss << val;
-        return oss.str();
-    }
-};
-
-// TODO max length!
-template<> struct format_impl<value_t::Array>
-{
-    typedef detail::toml_default_type<value_t::Array>::type type;
-
-    std::size_t max_length;
-
-    format_impl() : max_length(80){}
-    format_impl(std::size_t mx) : max_length(mx){}
-
-    std::basic_string<toml::character>
-    operator()(const type& val)
-    {
-        std::basic_string<toml::character> retval;
-        retval += '[';
-        for(const auto& item : val)
-        {
-            auto tmp = format(val, max_length - 1);
-            retval += tmp;
-            retval += ", ";
-            if(tmp.size() * 2 > max_length) retval += '\n';
-        }
-        retval += ']';
-        return retval;
-    }
-};
-
-// TODO max length && inline!
-template<> struct format_impl<value_t::Table>
-{
-    typedef detail::toml_default_type<value_t::Table>::type type;
-
-    std::size_t max_length;
-
-    format_impl() : max_length(80){}
-    format_impl(std::size_t mx) : max_length(mx){}
-
-    std::basic_string<toml::character>
-    operator()(const type& val)
-    {
-        std::basic_string<toml::character> retval;
-        for(const auto& item : val)
-        {
-            retval += item.first;
-            retval += " = ";
-            retval += format(item.second);
-            retval += '\n';
-        }
-        return retval;
-    }
-};
-
-template<typename traits, typename alloc>
-std::basic_string<toml::character, traits, alloc>
-format(const value& v)
-{
-    switch(v.type())
-    {
-        case value_t::Boolean : return format_impl<value_t::Boolean >{}(v.template cast<value_t::Boolean >());
-        case value_t::Integer : return format_impl<value_t::Integer >{}(v.template cast<value_t::Integer >());
-        case value_t::Float   : return format_impl<value_t::Float   >{}(v.template cast<value_t::Float   >());
-        case value_t::String  : return format_impl<value_t::String  >{}(v.template cast<value_t::String  >());
-        case value_t::Datetime: return format_impl<value_t::Datetime>{}(v.template cast<value_t::Datetime>());
-        case value_t::Array   : return format_impl<value_t::Array   >{}(v.template cast<value_t::Array   >());
-        case value_t::Table   : return format_impl<value_t::Table   >{}(v.template cast<value_t::Table   >());
-        case value_t::Empty   : throw std::runtime_error("toml::format: empty value");
-        case value_t::Unknown : throw std::runtime_error("toml::format: unknown value");
-        default: throw std::logic_error("toml::format: unknown enum value");
-    }
-}
-
-template<typename traits, typename alloc>
-std::basic_string<toml::character, traits, alloc>
-format(const value& v, std::size_t inl)
-{
-    switch(v.type())
-    {
-        case value_t::Boolean : return format_impl<value_t::Boolean >{}(v.template cast<value_t::Boolean>());
-        case value_t::Integer : return format_impl<value_t::Integer >{}(v.template cast<value_t::Integer>());
-        case value_t::Float   : return format_impl<value_t::Float   >{}(v.template cast<value_t::Float>());
-        case value_t::String  : return format_impl<value_t::String  >{inl}(v.template cast<value_t::String>());
-        case value_t::Datetime: return format_impl<value_t::Datetime>{}(v.template cast<value_t::Datetime>());
-        case value_t::Array   : return format_impl<value_t::Array   >{inl}(v.template cast<value_t::Array>());
-        case value_t::Table   : return format_impl<value_t::Table   >{inl}(v.template cast<value_t::Table>());
-        case value_t::Empty   : throw std::runtime_error("toml::format: empty value");
-        case value_t::Unknown : throw std::runtime_error("toml::format: unknown value");
-        default: throw std::logic_error("toml::format: unknown enum value");
-    }
-}
-
-template<typename traits, typename alloc>
-std::basic_string<toml::character, traits, alloc>
-format(std::basic_string<toml::character, traits, alloc> key, const value& val)
-{
-    std::basic_string<toml::character, traits, alloc> retval(std::move(key));
-    retval += " = ";
-    retval += format(val);
-    return retval;
-}
-
-template<typename traits, typename alloc>
-std::basic_string<toml::character, traits, alloc>
-format(std::basic_string<toml::character, traits, alloc> key, const value& val, std::size_t mk)
-{
-    std::basic_string<toml::character, traits, alloc> retval(std::move(key));
-    retval += " = ";
-    retval += format(val, mk);
-    return retval;
-}
-
-
-// ----------------------------- stream operators -----------------------------
-
-namespace detail
-{
-
-template<typename T = std::size_t>
-struct inline_limit
-{
-    static_assert(std::is_same<T, std::size_t>::value, "do not instantiate this");
-    static const int index;
-    T limit;
-    inline_limit() = default;
-    ~inline_limit() = default;
-    constexpr inline_limit(T i): limit(i){}
-    constexpr operator T() const {return limit;}
-
-    static void callback(std::ios_base::event ev, std::ios_base& ios, int idx)
-    {
-        void*& info = ios.pword(idx);
-        switch (ev)
-        {
-            case std::ios_base::erase_event:
-            {
-                delete static_cast<std::size_t*>(info);
-                break;
-            }
-            case std::ios_base::copyfmt_event:
-            {
-                info = new std::size_t(*static_cast<std::size_t*>(info));
-                break;
-            }
-            case std::ios_base::imbue_event:
-            {
-                break;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-};
-
-template<typename T>
-const int inline_limit<T>::index = std::ios_base::xalloc();
-
-} //detail
-
-template<typename sizeT, typename traits = std::char_traits<toml::character>>
-std::basic_ostream<toml::character, traits>&
-operator<<(std::basic_ostream<toml::character, traits>& os,
-           const detail::inline_limit<sizeT>& inl)
-{
-    void*& info = os.pword(detail::inline_limit<sizeT>::index);
-    if(!os.bad())
-    {
-        if(info == nullptr)
-        {
-            os.register_callback(detail::inline_limit<sizeT>::callback,
-                                 detail::inline_limit<sizeT>::index);
-            info = new std::size_t(inl.limit);
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            *static_cast<std::size_t*>(info) = inl.limit;
-        }
-    }
-    return os;
-}
-
-constexpr static detail::inline_limit<std::size_t> forceinline(
-        std::numeric_limits<std::size_t>::max());
-
-inline detail::inline_limit<std::size_t> make_inline(std::size_t sz)
-{
-    return detail::inline_limit<std::size_t>(sz);
-}
-
-template<typename T, typename traits = std::char_traits<toml::character>>
-std::basic_ostream<toml::character, traits>&
-operator<<(std::basic_ostream<toml::character, traits>& os,
-           const toml::value& v)
-{
-    std::size_t* info =
-        static_cast<std::size_t*>(os.pword(detail::inline_limit<std::size_t>::index));
-    return os << (info == nullptr ? toml::format(v) : toml::format(v, *info));
-}
-
-}
-#endif // TOML11_FORMAT

toml/from.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+//     Copyright Toru Niina 2019.
+// Distributed under the MIT License.
+#ifndef TOML11_FROM_HPP
+#define TOML11_FROM_HPP
+#include "traits.hpp"
+
+namespace toml
+{
+
+template<typename T>
+struct from;
+// {
+//     static T from_toml(const toml::value& v)
+//     {
+//         // User-defined conversions ...
+//     }
+// };
+
+} // toml
+#endif // TOML11_FROM_HPP

toml/from_toml.hpp

@@ -1,121 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef TOML11_FROM_TOML
-#define TOML11_FROM_TOML
-#include "value.hpp"
-
-namespace toml
-{
-
-template<typename T, toml::value_t vT = toml::detail::check_type<T>(),
-         typename std::enable_if<(vT != toml::value_t::Unknown &&
-         vT != value_t::Empty), std::nullptr_t>::type = nullptr>
-void from_toml(T& x, const toml::value& v)
-{
-    if(v.type() != vT)
-        throw type_error("from_toml: value type: " + stringize(v.type()) +
-                std::string(" is not arguemnt type: ") + stringize(vT));
-    x = v.cast<vT>();
-    return;
-}
-
-template<typename T, toml::value_t vT = toml::detail::check_type<T>(),
-         typename std::enable_if<(vT == toml::value_t::Unknown) &&
-         (!toml::detail::is_map<T>::value) &&
-         toml::detail::is_container<T>::value, std::nullptr_t>::type = nullptr>
-void from_toml(T& x, const toml::value& v)
-{
-    // TODO the case of x is not dynamic container case
-    if(v.type() != value_t::Array)
-        throw type_error("from_toml: value type: " + stringize(v.type()) +
-                         std::string(" is not argument type: Array"));
-    const auto& ar = v.cast<value_t::Array>();
-    try
-    {
-        toml::resize(x, ar.size());
-    }
-    catch(std::invalid_argument& iv)
-    {
-        throw toml::type_error("toml::from_toml: static array size is not enough");
-    }
-    auto iter = x.begin();
-    for(const auto& val : ar)
-    {
-        typename T::value_type v;
-        from_toml(v, val);
-        *iter = std::move(v);
-        ++iter;
-    }
-    return;
-}
-
-template<typename T, toml::value_t vT = toml::detail::check_type<T>(),
-         typename std::enable_if<(vT == toml::value_t::Unknown) &&
-         toml::detail::is_map<T>::value, std::nullptr_t>::type = nullptr>
-void from_toml(T& x, const toml::value& v)
-{
-    if(v.type() != value_t::Table)
-        throw type_error("from_toml: value type: " + stringize(v.type()) +
-                         std::string(" is not argument type: Table"));
-    x.clear();
-    const auto& tb = v.cast<value_t::Table>();
-    for(const auto& kv : tb)
-    {
-        x.insert(kv);
-    }
-    return;
-}
-
-namespace detail
-{
-
-template<typename T>
-constexpr toml::value_t determine_castable_type()
-{
-    return check_type<T>() != toml::value_t::Unknown ? check_type<T>() :
-           toml::detail::is_map<T>::value            ? toml::value_t::Table :
-           toml::detail::is_container<T>::value      ? toml::value_t::Array :
-           toml::value_t::Unknown;
-}
-
-template<std::size_t N, typename ... Ts>
-struct from_toml_tie_impl
-{
-    constexpr static std::size_t   index = sizeof...(Ts) - N;
-    constexpr static toml::value_t type_index =
-        determine_castable_type<
-            typename std::tuple_element<index, std::tuple<Ts...>>::type>();
-
-    static void invoke(std::tuple<Ts& ...> tie, const toml::value& v)
-    {
-        // static_cast is needed because with intel c++ compiler, operator==
-        // is only defined when the two types are strictly equal, and type_index
-        // is const toml::value_t, while v.type() is toml::value_t.
-        if(static_cast<toml::value_t>(type_index) == v.type())
-        {
-            from_toml(std::get<index>(tie), v);
-            return;
-        }
-        return from_toml_tie_impl<N-1, Ts...>::invoke(tie, v);
-    }
-};
-
-template<typename ... Ts>
-struct from_toml_tie_impl<0, Ts...>
-{
-    static void invoke(std::tuple<Ts& ...> tie, const toml::value& v)
-    {
-        return;
-    }
-};
-
-} // detail
-
-template<typename ... Ts>
-void from_toml(std::tuple<Ts& ...> tie, const toml::value& v)
-{
-    detail::from_toml_tie_impl<sizeof...(Ts), Ts...>::invoke(tie, v);
-    return;
-}
-
-
-} // toml
-#endif // TOML11_FROM_TOML

toml/into.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+//     Copyright Toru Niina 2019.
+// Distributed under the MIT License.
+#ifndef TOML11_INTO_HPP
+#define TOML11_INTO_HPP
+#include "traits.hpp"
+
+namespace toml
+{
+
+template<typename T>
+struct into;
+// {
+//     static toml::value into_toml(const T& user_defined_type)
+//     {
+//         // User-defined conversions ...
+//     }
+// };
+
+} // toml
+#endif // TOML11_INTO_HPP

toml/lexer.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,270 @@
+//     Copyright Toru Niina 2017.
+// Distributed under the MIT License.
+#ifndef TOML11_LEXER_HPP
+#define TOML11_LEXER_HPP
+#include <istream>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <fstream>
+
+#include "combinator.hpp"
+
+namespace toml
+{
+namespace detail
+{
+
+// these scans contents from current location in a container of char
+// and extract a region that matches their own pattern.
+// to see the implementation of each component, see combinator.hpp.
+
+using lex_wschar  = either<character<' '>, character<'\t'>>;
+using lex_ws      = repeat<lex_wschar, at_least<1>>;
+using lex_newline = either<character<'\n'>,
+                           sequence<character<'\r'>, character<'\n'>>>;
+using lex_lower   = in_range<'a', 'z'>;
+using lex_upper   = in_range<'A', 'Z'>;
+using lex_alpha   = either<lex_lower, lex_upper>;
+using lex_digit   = in_range<'0', '9'>;
+using lex_nonzero = in_range<'1', '9'>;
+using lex_oct_dig = in_range<'0', '7'>;
+using lex_bin_dig = in_range<'0', '1'>;
+using lex_hex_dig = either<lex_digit, in_range<'A', 'F'>, in_range<'a', 'f'>>;
+
+using lex_hex_prefix = sequence<character<'0'>, character<'x'>>;
+using lex_oct_prefix = sequence<character<'0'>, character<'o'>>;
+using lex_bin_prefix = sequence<character<'0'>, character<'b'>>;
+using lex_underscore = character<'_'>;
+using lex_plus       = character<'+'>;
+using lex_minus      = character<'-'>;
+using lex_sign       = either<lex_plus, lex_minus>;
+
+// digit | nonzero 1*(digit | _ digit)
+using lex_unsigned_dec_int = either<sequence<lex_nonzero, repeat<
+    either<lex_digit, sequence<lex_underscore, lex_digit>>, at_least<1>>>,
+    lex_digit>;
+// (+|-)? unsigned_dec_int
+using lex_dec_int = sequence<maybe<lex_sign>, lex_unsigned_dec_int>;
+
+// hex_prefix hex_dig *(hex_dig | _ hex_dig)
+using lex_hex_int = sequence<lex_hex_prefix, sequence<lex_hex_dig, repeat<
+    either<lex_hex_dig, sequence<lex_underscore, lex_hex_dig>>, unlimited>>>;
+// oct_prefix oct_dig *(oct_dig | _ oct_dig)
+using lex_oct_int = sequence<lex_oct_prefix, sequence<lex_oct_dig, repeat<
+    either<lex_oct_dig, sequence<lex_underscore, lex_oct_dig>>, unlimited>>>;
+// bin_prefix bin_dig *(bin_dig | _ bin_dig)
+using lex_bin_int = sequence<lex_bin_prefix, sequence<lex_bin_dig, repeat<
+    either<lex_bin_dig, sequence<lex_underscore, lex_bin_dig>>, unlimited>>>;
+
+// (dec_int | hex_int | oct_int | bin_int)
+using lex_integer = either<lex_bin_int, lex_oct_int, lex_hex_int, lex_dec_int>;
+
+// ===========================================================================
+
+using lex_inf = sequence<character<'i'>, character<'n'>, character<'f'>>;
+using lex_nan = sequence<character<'n'>, character<'a'>, character<'n'>>;
+using lex_special_float = sequence<maybe<lex_sign>, either<lex_inf, lex_nan>>;
+
+using lex_zero_prefixable_int = sequence<lex_digit, repeat<either<lex_digit,
+    sequence<lex_underscore, lex_digit>>, unlimited>>;
+
+using lex_fractional_part = sequence<character<'.'>, lex_zero_prefixable_int>;
+
+using lex_exponent_part   = sequence<either<character<'e'>, character<'E'>>,
+        maybe<lex_sign>, lex_zero_prefixable_int>;
+
+using lex_float = either<lex_special_float,
+      sequence<lex_dec_int, either<lex_exponent_part,
+      sequence<lex_fractional_part, maybe<lex_exponent_part>>>>>;
+
+// ===========================================================================
+
+using lex_true = sequence<character<'t'>, character<'r'>,
+                          character<'u'>, character<'e'>>;
+using lex_false = sequence<character<'f'>, character<'a'>, character<'l'>,
+                           character<'s'>, character<'e'>>;
+using lex_boolean = either<lex_true, lex_false>;
+
+// ===========================================================================
+
+using lex_date_fullyear = repeat<lex_digit, exactly<4>>;
+using lex_date_month    = repeat<lex_digit, exactly<2>>;
+using lex_date_mday     = repeat<lex_digit, exactly<2>>;
+using lex_time_delim    = either<character<'T'>, character<'t'>, character<' '>>;
+using lex_time_hour     = repeat<lex_digit, exactly<2>>;
+using lex_time_minute   = repeat<lex_digit, exactly<2>>;
+using lex_time_second   = repeat<lex_digit, exactly<2>>;
+using lex_time_secfrac  = sequence<character<'.'>,
+                                   repeat<lex_digit, at_least<1>>>;
+
+using lex_time_numoffset = sequence<either<character<'+'>, character<'-'>>,
+                                    sequence<lex_time_hour, character<':'>,
+                                             lex_time_minute>>;
+using lex_time_offset = either<character<'Z'>, character<'z'>,
+                               lex_time_numoffset>;
+
+using lex_partial_time = sequence<lex_time_hour,   character<':'>,
+                                  lex_time_minute, character<':'>,
+                                  lex_time_second, maybe<lex_time_secfrac>>;
+using lex_full_date    = sequence<lex_date_fullyear, character<'-'>,
+                                  lex_date_month,    character<'-'>,
+                                  lex_date_mday>;
+using lex_full_time    = sequence<lex_partial_time, lex_time_offset>;
+
+using lex_offset_date_time = sequence<lex_full_date, lex_time_delim, lex_full_time>;
+using lex_local_date_time  = sequence<lex_full_date, lex_time_delim, lex_partial_time>;
+using lex_local_date       = lex_full_date;
+using lex_local_time       = lex_partial_time;
+
+// ===========================================================================
+
+using lex_quotation_mark  = character<'"'>;
+using lex_basic_unescaped = exclude<either<in_range<0x00, 0x08>, // 0x09 (tab)
+                                           in_range<0x0a, 0x1F>, // is allowed
+                                           character<0x22>, character<0x5C>,
+                                           character<0x7F>>>;
+
+using lex_escape          = character<'\\'>;
+using lex_escape_unicode_short = sequence<character<'u'>,
+                                          repeat<lex_hex_dig, exactly<4>>>;
+using lex_escape_unicode_long  = sequence<character<'U'>,
+                                          repeat<lex_hex_dig, exactly<8>>>;
+using lex_escape_seq_char = either<character<'"'>, character<'\\'>,
+                                   character<'b'>, character<'f'>,
+                                   character<'n'>, character<'r'>,
+                                   character<'t'>,
+                                   lex_escape_unicode_short,
+                                   lex_escape_unicode_long
+                                   >;
+using lex_escaped      = sequence<lex_escape, lex_escape_seq_char>;
+using lex_basic_char   = either<lex_basic_unescaped, lex_escaped>;
+using lex_basic_string = sequence<lex_quotation_mark,
+                                  repeat<lex_basic_char, unlimited>,
+                                  lex_quotation_mark>;
+
+// After toml post-v0.5.0, it is explicitly clarified how quotes in ml-strings
+// are allowed to be used.
+// After this, the following strings are *explicitly* allowed.
+// - One or two `"`s in a multi-line basic string is allowed wherever it is.
+// - Three consecutive `"`s in a multi-line basic string is considered as a delimiter.
+// - One or two `"`s can appear just before or after the delimiter.
+// ```toml
+// str4 = """Here are two quotation marks: "". Simple enough."""
+// str5 = """Here are three quotation marks: ""\"."""
+// str6 = """Here are fifteen quotation marks: ""\"""\"""\"""\"""\"."""
+// str7 = """"This," she said, "is just a pointless statement.""""
+// ```
+// In the current implementation (v3.3.0), it is difficult to parse `str7` in
+// the above example. It is difficult to recognize `"` at the end of string body
+// collectly. It will be misunderstood as a `"""` delimiter and an additional,
+// invalid `"`. Like this:
+// ```console
+//   what():  [error] toml::parse_table: invalid line format
+//  --> hoge.toml
+//     |
+//  13 | str7 = """"This," she said, "is just a pointless statement.""""
+//     |                                                               ^- expected newline, but got '"'.
+// ```
+// As a quick workaround for this problem, `lex_ml_basic_string_delim` was
+// splitted into two, `lex_ml_basic_string_open` and `lex_ml_basic_string_close`.
+// `lex_ml_basic_string_open` allows only `"""`. `_close` allows 3-5 `"`s.
+// In parse_ml_basic_string() function, the trailing `"`s will be attached to
+// the string body.
+//
+using lex_ml_basic_string_delim = repeat<lex_quotation_mark, exactly<3>>;
+using lex_ml_basic_string_open  = lex_ml_basic_string_delim;
+using lex_ml_basic_string_close = sequence<
+        repeat<lex_quotation_mark, exactly<3>>,
+        maybe<lex_quotation_mark>, maybe<lex_quotation_mark>
+    >;
+
+using lex_ml_basic_unescaped    = exclude<either<in_range<0x00, 0x08>, // 0x09
+                                                 in_range<0x0a, 0x1F>, // is tab
+                                                 character<0x5C>, // backslash
+                                                 character<0x7F>, // DEL
+                                                 lex_ml_basic_string_delim>>;
+
+using lex_ml_basic_escaped_newline = sequence<
+        lex_escape, maybe<lex_ws>, lex_newline,
+        repeat<either<lex_ws, lex_newline>, unlimited>>;
+
+using lex_ml_basic_char = either<lex_ml_basic_unescaped, lex_escaped>;
+using lex_ml_basic_body = repeat<either<lex_ml_basic_char, lex_newline,
+                                        lex_ml_basic_escaped_newline>,
+                                 unlimited>;
+using lex_ml_basic_string = sequence<lex_ml_basic_string_open,
+                                     lex_ml_basic_body,
+                                     lex_ml_basic_string_close>;
+
+using lex_literal_char = exclude<either<in_range<0x00, 0x08>,
+                                        in_range<0x10, 0x19>, character<0x27>>>;
+using lex_apostrophe = character<'\''>;
+using lex_literal_string = sequence<lex_apostrophe,
+                                    repeat<lex_literal_char, unlimited>,
+                                    lex_apostrophe>;
+
+// the same reason as above.
+using lex_ml_literal_string_delim = repeat<lex_apostrophe, exactly<3>>;
+using lex_ml_literal_string_open  = lex_ml_literal_string_delim;
+using lex_ml_literal_string_close = sequence<
+        repeat<lex_apostrophe, exactly<3>>,
+        maybe<lex_apostrophe>, maybe<lex_apostrophe>
+    >;
+
+using lex_ml_literal_char = exclude<either<in_range<0x00, 0x08>,
+                                           in_range<0x10, 0x1F>,
+                                           character<0x7F>,
+                                           lex_ml_literal_string_delim>>;
+using lex_ml_literal_body = repeat<either<lex_ml_literal_char, lex_newline>,
+                                   unlimited>;
+using lex_ml_literal_string = sequence<lex_ml_literal_string_open,
+                                       lex_ml_literal_body,
+                                       lex_ml_literal_string_close>;
+
+using lex_string = either<lex_ml_basic_string,   lex_basic_string,
+                          lex_ml_literal_string, lex_literal_string>;
+
+// ===========================================================================
+
+using lex_comment_start_symbol = character<'#'>;
+using lex_non_eol = either<character<'\t'>, exclude<in_range<0x00, 0x19>>>;
+using lex_comment = sequence<lex_comment_start_symbol,
+                             repeat<lex_non_eol, unlimited>>;
+
+using lex_dot_sep = sequence<maybe<lex_ws>, character<'.'>, maybe<lex_ws>>;
+
+using lex_unquoted_key = repeat<either<lex_alpha, lex_digit,
+                                       character<'-'>, character<'_'>>,
+                                at_least<1>>;
+using lex_quoted_key = either<lex_basic_string, lex_literal_string>;
+using lex_simple_key = either<lex_unquoted_key, lex_quoted_key>;
+using lex_dotted_key = sequence<lex_simple_key,
+                                repeat<sequence<lex_dot_sep, lex_simple_key>,
+                                       at_least<1>
+                                       >
+                                >;
+using lex_key = either<lex_dotted_key, lex_simple_key>;
+
+using lex_keyval_sep = sequence<maybe<lex_ws>,
+                                character<'='>,
+                                maybe<lex_ws>>;
+
+using lex_std_table_open  = character<'['>;
+using lex_std_table_close = character<']'>;
+using lex_std_table       = sequence<lex_std_table_open,
+                                     maybe<lex_ws>,
+                                     lex_key,
+                                     maybe<lex_ws>,
+                                     lex_std_table_close>;
+
+using lex_array_table_open  = sequence<lex_std_table_open,  lex_std_table_open>;
+using lex_array_table_close = sequence<lex_std_table_close, lex_std_table_close>;
+using lex_array_table       = sequence<lex_array_table_open,
+                                       maybe<lex_ws>,
+                                       lex_key,
+                                       maybe<lex_ws>,
+                                       lex_array_table_close>;
+
+} // detail
+} // toml
+#endif // TOML_LEXER_HPP

toml/literal.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+//     Copyright Toru Niina 2019.
+// Distributed under the MIT License.
+#ifndef TOML11_LITERAL_HPP
+#define TOML11_LITERAL_HPP
+#include "parser.hpp"
+
+namespace toml
+{
+inline namespace literals
+{
+inline namespace toml_literals
+{
+
+inline ::toml::value operator"" _toml(const char* str, std::size_t len)
+{
+    ::toml::detail::location<std::vector<char>>
+        loc(/* filename = */ std::string("TOML literal encoded in a C++ code"),
+            /* contents = */ std::vector<char>(str, str + len));
+
+    // if there are some comments or empty lines, skip them.
+    using skip_line = ::toml::detail::repeat<toml::detail::sequence<
+            ::toml::detail::maybe<::toml::detail::lex_ws>,
+            ::toml::detail::maybe<::toml::detail::lex_comment>,
+            ::toml::detail::lex_newline
+        >, ::toml::detail::at_least<1>>;
+    skip_line::invoke(loc);
+
+    // if there are some whitespaces before a value, skip them.
+    using skip_ws = ::toml::detail::repeat<
+        ::toml::detail::lex_ws, ::toml::detail::at_least<1>>;
+    skip_ws::invoke(loc);
+
+    // to distinguish arrays and tables, first check it is a table or not.
+    //
+    // "[1,2,3]"_toml;   // this is an array
+    // "[table]"_toml;   // a table that has an empty table named "table" inside.
+    // "[[1,2,3]]"_toml; // this is an array of arrays
+    // "[[table]]"_toml; // this is a table that has an array of tables inside.
+    //
+    // "[[1]]"_toml;     // this can be both... (currently it becomes a table)
+    // "1 = [{}]"_toml;  // this is a table that has an array of table named 1.
+    // "[[1,]]"_toml;    // this is an array of arrays.
+    // "[[1],]"_toml;    // this also.
+
+    const auto the_front = loc.iter();
+
+    const bool is_table_key = ::toml::detail::lex_std_table::invoke(loc);
+    loc.reset(the_front);
+
+    const bool is_aots_key  = ::toml::detail::lex_array_table::invoke(loc);
+    loc.reset(the_front);
+
+    // If it is neither a table-key or a array-of-table-key, it may be a value.
+    if(!is_table_key && !is_aots_key)
+    {
+        if(auto data = ::toml::detail::parse_value<::toml::value>(loc))
+        {
+            return data.unwrap();
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Note that still it can be a table, because the literal might be something
+    // like the following.
+    // ```cpp
+    // R"( // c++11 raw string literals
+    //   key = "value"
+    //   int = 42
+    // )"_toml;
+    // ```
+    // It is a valid toml file.
+    // It should be parsed as if we parse a file with this content.
+
+    if(auto data = ::toml::detail::parse_toml_file<::toml::value>(loc))
+    {
+        return data.unwrap();
+    }
+    else // none of them.
+    {
+        throw ::toml::syntax_error(data.unwrap_err(),
+                                   source_location(std::addressof(loc)));
+    }
+}
+
+} // toml_literals
+} // literals
+} // toml
+#endif//TOML11_LITERAL_HPP

toml/region.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,525 @@
+//     Copyright Toru Niina 2017.
+// Distributed under the MIT License.
+#ifndef TOML11_REGION_HPP
+#define TOML11_REGION_HPP
+#include <memory>
+#include <vector>
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <initializer_list>
+#include <iterator>
+#include <iomanip>
+#include <cassert>
+#include "color.hpp"
+
+namespace toml
+{
+namespace detail
+{
+
+// helper function to avoid std::string(0, 'c') or std::string(iter, iter)
+template<typename Iterator>
+std::string make_string(Iterator first, Iterator last)
+{
+    if(first == last) {return "";}
+    return std::string(first, last);
+}
+inline std::string make_string(std::size_t len, char c)
+{
+    if(len == 0) {return "";}
+    return std::string(len, c);
+}
+
+// region_base is a base class of location and region that are defined below.
+// it will be used to generate better error messages.
+struct region_base
+{
+    region_base() = default;
+    virtual ~region_base() = default;
+    region_base(const region_base&) = default;
+    region_base(region_base&&     ) = default;
+    region_base& operator=(const region_base&) = default;
+    region_base& operator=(region_base&&     ) = default;
+
+    virtual bool is_ok()           const noexcept {return false;}
+    virtual char front()           const noexcept {return '\0';}
+
+    virtual std::string str()      const {return std::string("unknown region");}
+    virtual std::string name()     const {return std::string("unknown file");}
+    virtual std::string line()     const {return std::string("unknown line");}
+    virtual std::string line_num() const {return std::string("?");}
+
+    // length of the region
+    virtual std::size_t size()     const noexcept {return 0;}
+    // number of characters in the line before the region
+    virtual std::size_t before()   const noexcept {return 0;}
+    // number of characters in the line after the region
+    virtual std::size_t after()    const noexcept {return 0;}
+
+    virtual std::vector<std::string> comments() const {return {};}
+    // ```toml
+    // # comment_before
+    // key = "value" # comment_inline
+    // ```
+};
+
+// location represents a position in a container, which contains a file content.
+// it can be considered as a region that contains only one character.
+//
+// it contains pointer to the file content and iterator that points the current
+// location.
+template<typename Container>
+struct location final : public region_base
+{
+    using const_iterator  = typename Container::const_iterator;
+    using difference_type = typename const_iterator::difference_type;
+    using source_ptr      = std::shared_ptr<const Container>;
+
+    static_assert(std::is_same<char, typename Container::value_type>::value,"");
+    static_assert(std::is_same<std::random_access_iterator_tag,
+        typename std::iterator_traits<const_iterator>::iterator_category>::value,
+        "container should be randomly accessible");
+
+    location(std::string name, Container cont)
+      : source_(std::make_shared<Container>(std::move(cont))), line_number_(1),
+        source_name_(std::move(name)), iter_(source_->cbegin())
+    {}
+    location(const location&) = default;
+    location(location&&)      = default;
+    location& operator=(const location&) = default;
+    location& operator=(location&&)      = default;
+    ~location() = default;
+
+    bool is_ok() const noexcept override {return static_cast<bool>(source_);}
+    char front() const noexcept override {return *iter_;}
+
+    // this const prohibits codes like `++(loc.iter())`.
+    const const_iterator iter()  const noexcept {return iter_;}
+
+    const_iterator begin() const noexcept {return source_->cbegin();}
+    const_iterator end()   const noexcept {return source_->cend();}
+
+    // XXX `location::line_num()` used to be implemented using `std::count` to
+    // count a number of '\n'. But with a long toml file (typically, 10k lines),
+    // it becomes intolerably slow because each time it generates error messages,
+    // it counts '\n' from thousands of characters. To workaround it, I decided
+    // to introduce `location::line_number_` member variable and synchronize it
+    // to the location changes the point to look. So an overload of `iter()`
+    // which returns mutable reference is removed and `advance()`, `retrace()`
+    // and `reset()` is added.
+    void advance(difference_type n = 1) noexcept
+    {
+        this->line_number_ += static_cast<std::size_t>(
+                std::count(this->iter_, std::next(this->iter_, n), '\n'));
+        this->iter_ += n;
+        return;
+    }
+    void retrace(difference_type n = 1) noexcept
+    {
+        this->line_number_ -= static_cast<std::size_t>(
+                std::count(std::prev(this->iter_, n), this->iter_, '\n'));
+        this->iter_ -= n;
+        return;
+    }
+    void reset(const_iterator rollback) noexcept
+    {
+        // since c++11, std::distance works in both ways for random-access
+        // iterators and returns a negative value if `first > last`.
+        if(0 <= std::distance(rollback, this->iter_)) // rollback < iter
+        {
+            this->line_number_ -= static_cast<std::size_t>(
+                    std::count(rollback, this->iter_, '\n'));
+        }
+        else // iter < rollback [[unlikely]]
+        {
+            this->line_number_ += static_cast<std::size_t>(
+                    std::count(this->iter_, rollback, '\n'));
+        }
+        this->iter_ = rollback;
+        return;
+    }
+
+    std::string str()  const override {return make_string(1, *this->iter());}
+    std::string name() const override {return source_name_;}
+
+    std::string line_num() const override
+    {
+        return std::to_string(this->line_number_);
+    }
+
+    std::string line() const override
+    {
+        return make_string(this->line_begin(), this->line_end());
+    }
+
+    const_iterator line_begin() const noexcept
+    {
+        using reverse_iterator = std::reverse_iterator<const_iterator>;
+        return std::find(reverse_iterator(this->iter()),
+                         reverse_iterator(this->begin()), '\n').base();
+    }
+    const_iterator line_end() const noexcept
+    {
+        return std::find(this->iter(), this->end(), '\n');
+    }
+
+    // location is always points a character. so the size is 1.
+    std::size_t size() const noexcept override
+    {
+        return 1u;
+    }
+    std::size_t before() const noexcept override
+    {
+        const auto sz = std::distance(this->line_begin(), this->iter());
+        assert(sz >= 0);
+        return static_cast<std::size_t>(sz);
+    }
+    std::size_t after() const noexcept override
+    {
+        const auto sz = std::distance(this->iter(), this->line_end());
+        assert(sz >= 0);
+        return static_cast<std::size_t>(sz);
+    }
+
+    source_ptr const& source() const& noexcept {return source_;}
+    source_ptr&&      source() &&     noexcept {return std::move(source_);}
+
+  private:
+
+    source_ptr     source_;
+    std::size_t    line_number_;
+    std::string    source_name_;
+    const_iterator iter_;
+};
+
+// region represents a range in a container, which contains a file content.
+//
+// it contains pointer to the file content and iterator that points the first
+// and last location.
+template<typename Container>
+struct region final : public region_base
+{
+    using const_iterator = typename Container::const_iterator;
+    using source_ptr     = std::shared_ptr<const Container>;
+
+    static_assert(std::is_same<char, typename Container::value_type>::value,"");
+    static_assert(std::is_same<std::random_access_iterator_tag,
+        typename std::iterator_traits<const_iterator>::iterator_category>::value,
+        "container should be randomly accessible");
+
+    // delete default constructor. source_ never be null.
+    region() = delete;
+
+    region(const location<Container>& loc)
+      : source_(loc.source()), source_name_(loc.name()),
+        first_(loc.iter()), last_(loc.iter())
+    {}
+    region(location<Container>&& loc)
+      : source_(loc.source()), source_name_(loc.name()),
+        first_(loc.iter()), last_(loc.iter())
+    {}
+
+    region(const location<Container>& loc, const_iterator f, const_iterator l)
+      : source_(loc.source()), source_name_(loc.name()), first_(f), last_(l)
+    {}
+    region(location<Container>&& loc, const_iterator f, const_iterator l)
+      : source_(loc.source()), source_name_(loc.name()), first_(f), last_(l)
+    {}
+
+    region(const region&) = default;
+    region(region&&)      = default;
+    region& operator=(const region&) = default;
+    region& operator=(region&&)      = default;
+    ~region() = default;
+
+    region& operator+=(const region& other)
+    {
+        // different regions cannot be concatenated
+        assert(this->begin() == other.begin() && this->end() == other.end() &&
+               this->last_   == other.first_);
+
+        this->last_ = other.last_;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    bool is_ok() const noexcept override {return static_cast<bool>(source_);}
+    char front() const noexcept override {return *first_;}
+
+    std::string str()  const override {return make_string(first_, last_);}
+    std::string line() const override
+    {
+        if(this->contain_newline())
+        {
+            return make_string(this->line_begin(),
+                    std::find(this->line_begin(), this->last(), '\n'));
+        }
+        return make_string(this->line_begin(), this->line_end());
+    }
+    std::string line_num() const override
+    {
+        return std::to_string(1 + std::count(this->begin(), this->first(), '\n'));
+    }
+
+    std::size_t size() const noexcept override
+    {
+        const auto sz = std::distance(first_, last_);
+        assert(sz >= 0);
+        return static_cast<std::size_t>(sz);
+    }
+    std::size_t before() const noexcept override
+    {
+        const auto sz = std::distance(this->line_begin(), this->first());
+        assert(sz >= 0);
+        return static_cast<std::size_t>(sz);
+    }
+    std::size_t after() const noexcept override
+    {
+        const auto sz = std::distance(this->last(), this->line_end());
+        assert(sz >= 0);
+        return static_cast<std::size_t>(sz);
+    }
+
+    bool contain_newline() const noexcept
+    {
+        return std::find(this->first(), this->last(), '\n') != this->last();
+    }
+
+    const_iterator line_begin() const noexcept
+    {
+        using reverse_iterator = std::reverse_iterator<const_iterator>;
+        return std::find(reverse_iterator(this->first()),
+                         reverse_iterator(this->begin()), '\n').base();
+    }
+    const_iterator line_end() const noexcept
+    {
+        return std::find(this->last(), this->end(), '\n');
+    }
+
+    const_iterator begin() const noexcept {return source_->cbegin();}
+    const_iterator end()   const noexcept {return source_->cend();}
+    const_iterator first() const noexcept {return first_;}
+    const_iterator last()  const noexcept {return last_;}
+
+    source_ptr const& source() const& noexcept {return source_;}
+    source_ptr&&      source() &&     noexcept {return std::move(source_);}
+
+    std::string name() const override {return source_name_;}
+
+    std::vector<std::string> comments() const override
+    {
+        // assuming the current region (`*this`) points a value.
+        // ```toml
+        // a = "value"
+        //     ^^^^^^^- this region
+        // ```
+        using rev_iter = std::reverse_iterator<const_iterator>;
+
+        std::vector<std::string> com{};
+        {
+            // find comments just before the current region.
+            // ```toml
+            // # this should be collected.
+            // # this also.
+            // a = value # not this.
+            // ```
+
+            // # this is a comment for `a`, not array elements.
+            // a = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+            if(this->first() == std::find_if(this->line_begin(), this->first(),
+                [](const char c) noexcept -> bool {return c == '[' || c == '{';}))
+            {
+                auto iter = this->line_begin(); // points the first character
+                while(iter != this->begin())
+                {
+                    iter = std::prev(iter);
+
+                    // range [line_start, iter) represents the previous line
+                    const auto line_start   = std::find(
+                            rev_iter(iter), rev_iter(this->begin()), '\n').base();
+                    const auto comment_found = std::find(line_start, iter, '#');
+                    if(comment_found == iter)
+                    {
+                        break; // comment not found.
+                    }
+
+                    // exclude the following case.
+                    // > a = "foo" # comment // <-- this is not a comment for b but a.
+                    // > b = "current value"
+                    if(std::all_of(line_start, comment_found,
+                            [](const char c) noexcept -> bool {
+                                return c == ' ' || c == '\t';
+                            }))
+                    {
+                        // unwrap the first '#' by std::next.
+                        auto str = make_string(std::next(comment_found), iter);
+                        if(str.back() == '\r') {str.pop_back();}
+                        com.push_back(std::move(str));
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    iter = line_start;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if(com.size() > 1)
+        {
+            std::reverse(com.begin(), com.end());
+        }
+
+        {
+            // find comments just after the current region.
+            // ```toml
+            // # not this.
+            // a = value # this one.
+            // a = [ # not this (technically difficult)
+            //
+            // ] # and this.
+            // ```
+            // The reason why it's difficult is that it requires parsing in the
+            // following case.
+            // ```toml
+            // a = [ 10 # this comment is for `10`. not for `a` but `a[0]`.
+            // # ...
+            // ] # this is apparently a comment for a.
+            //
+            // b = [
+            // 3.14 ] # there is no way to add a comment to `3.14` currently.
+            //
+            // c = [
+            //   3.14 # do this if you need a comment here.
+            // ]
+            // ```
+            const auto comment_found =
+                std::find(this->last(), this->line_end(), '#');
+            if(comment_found != this->line_end()) // '#' found
+            {
+                // table = {key = "value"} # what is this for?
+                // the above comment is not for "value", but {key="value"}.
+                if(comment_found == std::find_if(this->last(), comment_found,
+                    [](const char c) noexcept -> bool {
+                        return !(c == ' ' || c == '\t' || c == ',');
+                    }))
+                {
+                    // unwrap the first '#' by std::next.
+                    auto str = make_string(std::next(comment_found), this->line_end());
+                    if(str.back() == '\r') {str.pop_back();}
+                    com.push_back(std::move(str));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return com;
+    }
+
+  private:
+
+    source_ptr     source_;
+    std::string    source_name_;
+    const_iterator first_, last_;
+};
+
+// to show a better error message.
+inline std::string format_underline(const std::string& message,
+        const std::vector<std::pair<region_base const*, std::string>>& reg_com,
+        const std::vector<std::string>& helps = {},
+        const bool colorize = TOML11_ERROR_MESSAGE_COLORIZED)
+{
+    assert(!reg_com.empty());
+
+    const auto line_num_width = static_cast<int>(std::max_element(
+        reg_com.begin(), reg_com.end(),
+        [](std::pair<region_base const*, std::string> const& lhs,
+           std::pair<region_base const*, std::string> const& rhs)
+        {
+            return lhs.first->line_num().size() < rhs.first->line_num().size();
+        }
+    )->first->line_num().size());
+
+    std::ostringstream retval;
+
+    if(colorize)
+    {
+        retval << color::colorize; // turn on ANSI color
+    }
+
+    // XXX
+    // Here, before `colorize` support, it does not output `[error]` prefix
+    // automatically. So some user may output it manually and this change may
+    // duplicate the prefix. To avoid it, check the first 7 characters and
+    // if it is "[error]", it removes that part from the message shown.
+    if(message.size() > 7 && message.substr(0, 7) == "[error]")
+    {
+        retval << color::bold << color::red << "[error]" << color::reset
+               << color::bold << message.substr(7) << color::reset << '\n';
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        retval << color::bold << color::red << "[error] " << color::reset
+               << color::bold << message << color::reset << '\n';
+    }
+
+    for(auto iter = reg_com.begin(); iter != reg_com.end(); ++iter)
+    {
+        // if the filenames are the same, print "..."
+        if(iter != reg_com.begin() &&
+           std::prev(iter)->first->name() == iter->first->name())
+        {
+            retval << color::bold << color::blue << "\n ...\n" << color::reset;
+        }
+        else // if filename differs, print " --> filename.toml"
+        {
+            if(iter != reg_com.begin()) {retval << '\n';}
+            retval << color::bold << color::blue << " --> " << color::reset
+                   << iter->first->name() << '\n';
+            // add one almost-empty line for readability
+            retval << make_string(static_cast<std::size_t>(line_num_width + 1), ' ')
+                   << color::bold << color::blue << " | "  << color::reset << '\n';
+        }
+        const region_base* const reg = iter->first;
+        const std::string&   comment = iter->second;
+
+        retval << ' ' << color::bold << color::blue << std::setw(line_num_width)
+               << std::right << reg->line_num() << " | "  << color::reset
+               << reg->line() << '\n';
+
+        retval << make_string(static_cast<std::size_t>(line_num_width + 1), ' ')
+               << color::bold << color::blue << " | " << color::reset
+               << make_string(reg->before(), ' ');
+
+        if(reg->size() == 1)
+        {
+            // invalid
+            // ^------
+            retval << color::bold << color::red
+                   << '^' << make_string(reg->after(), '-') << color::reset;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            // invalid
+            // ~~~~~~~
+            const auto underline_len = (std::min)(reg->size(), reg->line().size());
+            retval << color::bold << color::red
+                   << make_string(underline_len, '~') << color::reset;
+        }
+        retval << ' ';
+        retval << comment;
+    }
+
+    if(!helps.empty())
+    {
+        retval << '\n';
+        retval << make_string(static_cast<std::size_t>(line_num_width + 1), ' ');
+        retval << color::bold << color::blue << " | " << color::reset;
+        for(const auto& help : helps)
+        {
+            retval << color::bold << "\nHint: " << color::reset;
+            retval << help;
+        }
+    }
+    return retval.str();
+}
+
+} // detail
+} // toml
+#endif// TOML11_REGION_H

toml/result.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,717 @@
+//     Copyright Toru Niina 2017.
+// Distributed under the MIT License.
+#ifndef TOML11_RESULT_HPP
+#define TOML11_RESULT_HPP
+#include "traits.hpp"
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <utility>
+#include <new>
+#include <string>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <cassert>
+
+namespace toml
+{
+
+template<typename T>
+struct success
+{
+    using value_type = T;
+    value_type value;
+
+    explicit success(const value_type& v)
+        noexcept(std::is_nothrow_copy_constructible<value_type>::value)
+        : value(v)
+    {}
+    explicit success(value_type&& v)
+        noexcept(std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<value_type>::value)
+        : value(std::move(v))
+    {}
+
+    template<typename U>
+    explicit success(U&& v): value(std::forward<U>(v)) {}
+
+    template<typename U>
+    explicit success(const success<U>& v): value(v.value) {}
+    template<typename U>
+    explicit success(success<U>&& v): value(std::move(v.value)) {}
+
+    ~success() = default;
+    success(const success&) = default;
+    success(success&&)      = default;
+    success& operator=(const success&) = default;
+    success& operator=(success&&)      = default;
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+struct failure
+{
+    using value_type = T;
+    value_type value;
+
+    explicit failure(const value_type& v)
+        noexcept(std::is_nothrow_copy_constructible<value_type>::value)
+        : value(v)
+    {}
+    explicit failure(value_type&& v)
+        noexcept(std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<value_type>::value)
+        : value(std::move(v))
+    {}
+
+    template<typename U>
+    explicit failure(U&& v): value(std::forward<U>(v)) {}
+
+    template<typename U>
+    explicit failure(const failure<U>& v): value(v.value) {}
+    template<typename U>
+    explicit failure(failure<U>&& v): value(std::move(v.value)) {}
+
+    ~failure() = default;
+    failure(const failure&) = default;
+    failure(failure&&)      = default;
+    failure& operator=(const failure&) = default;
+    failure& operator=(failure&&)      = default;
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+success<typename std::remove_cv<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type>
+ok(T&& v)
+{
+    return success<
+        typename std::remove_cv<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type
+        >(std::forward<T>(v));
+}
+template<typename T>
+failure<typename std::remove_cv<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type>
+err(T&& v)
+{
+    return failure<
+        typename std::remove_cv<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type
+        >(std::forward<T>(v));
+}
+
+inline success<std::string> ok(const char* literal)
+{
+    return success<std::string>(std::string(literal));
+}
+inline failure<std::string> err(const char* literal)
+{
+    return failure<std::string>(std::string(literal));
+}
+
+
+template<typename T, typename E>
+struct result
+{
+    using value_type = T;
+    using error_type = E;
+    using success_type = success<value_type>;
+    using failure_type = failure<error_type>;
+
+    result(const success_type& s): is_ok_(true)
+    {
+        auto tmp = ::new(std::addressof(this->succ)) success_type(s);
+        assert(tmp == std::addressof(this->succ));
+        (void)tmp;
+    }
+    result(const failure_type& f): is_ok_(false)
+    {
+        auto tmp = ::new(std::addressof(this->fail)) failure_type(f);
+        assert(tmp == std::addressof(this->fail));
+        (void)tmp;
+    }
+    result(success_type&& s): is_ok_(true)
+    {
+        auto tmp = ::new(std::addressof(this->succ)) success_type(std::move(s));
+        assert(tmp == std::addressof(this->succ));
+        (void)tmp;
+    }
+    result(failure_type&& f): is_ok_(false)
+    {
+        auto tmp = ::new(std::addressof(this->fail)) failure_type(std::move(f));
+        assert(tmp == std::addressof(this->fail));
+        (void)tmp;
+    }
+
+    template<typename U>
+    result(const success<U>& s): is_ok_(true)
+    {
+        auto tmp = ::new(std::addressof(this->succ)) success_type(s.value);
+        assert(tmp == std::addressof(this->succ));
+        (void)tmp;
+    }
+    template<typename U>
+    result(const failure<U>& f): is_ok_(false)
+    {
+        auto tmp = ::new(std::addressof(this->fail)) failure_type(f.value);
+        assert(tmp == std::addressof(this->fail));
+        (void)tmp;
+    }
+    template<typename U>
+    result(success<U>&& s): is_ok_(true)
+    {
+        auto tmp = ::new(std::addressof(this->succ)) success_type(std::move(s.value));
+        assert(tmp == std::addressof(this->succ));
+        (void)tmp;
+    }
+    template<typename U>
+    result(failure<U>&& f): is_ok_(false)
+    {
+        auto tmp = ::new(std::addressof(this->fail)) failure_type(std::move(f.value));
+        assert(tmp == std::addressof(this->fail));
+        (void)tmp;
+    }
+
+    result& operator=(const success_type& s)
+    {
+        this->cleanup();
+        this->is_ok_ = true;
+        auto tmp = ::new(std::addressof(this->succ)) success_type(s);
+        assert(tmp == std::addressof(this->succ));
+        (void)tmp;
+        return *this;
+    }
+    result& operator=(const failure_type& f)
+    {
+        this->cleanup();
+        this->is_ok_ = false;
+        auto tmp = ::new(std::addressof(this->fail)) failure_type(f);
+        assert(tmp == std::addressof(this->fail));
+        (void)tmp;
+        return *this;
+    }
+    result& operator=(success_type&& s)
+    {
+        this->cleanup();
+        this->is_ok_ = true;
+        auto tmp = ::new(std::addressof(this->succ)) success_type(std::move(s));
+        assert(tmp == std::addressof(this->succ));
+        (void)tmp;
+        return *this;
+    }
+    result& operator=(failure_type&& f)
+    {
+        this->cleanup();
+        this->is_ok_ = false;
+        auto tmp = ::new(std::addressof(this->fail)) failure_type(std::move(f));
+        assert(tmp == std::addressof(this->fail));
+        (void)tmp;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template<typename U>
+    result& operator=(const success<U>& s)
+    {
+        this->cleanup();
+        this->is_ok_ = true;
+        auto tmp = ::new(std::addressof(this->succ)) success_type(s.value);
+        assert(tmp == std::addressof(this->succ));
+        (void)tmp;
+        return *this;
+    }
+    template<typename U>
+    result& operator=(const failure<U>& f)
+    {
+        this->cleanup();
+        this->is_ok_ = false;
+        auto tmp = ::new(std::addressof(this->fail)) failure_type(f.value);
+        assert(tmp == std::addressof(this->fail));
+        (void)tmp;
+        return *this;
+    }
+    template<typename U>
+    result& operator=(success<U>&& s)
+    {
+        this->cleanup();
+        this->is_ok_ = true;
+        auto tmp = ::new(std::addressof(this->succ)) success_type(std::move(s.value));
+        assert(tmp == std::addressof(this->succ));
+        (void)tmp;
+        return *this;
+    }
+    template<typename U>
+    result& operator=(failure<U>&& f)
+    {
+        this->cleanup();
+        this->is_ok_ = false;
+        auto tmp = ::new(std::addressof(this->fail)) failure_type(std::move(f.value));
+        assert(tmp == std::addressof(this->fail));
+        (void)tmp;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    ~result() noexcept {this->cleanup();}
+
+    result(const result& other): is_ok_(other.is_ok())
+    {
+        if(other.is_ok())
+        {
+            auto tmp = ::new(std::addressof(this->succ)) success_type(other.as_ok());
+            assert(tmp == std::addressof(this->succ));
+            (void)tmp;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            auto tmp = ::new(std::addressof(this->fail)) failure_type(other.as_err());
+            assert(tmp == std::addressof(this->fail));
+            (void)tmp;
+        }
+    }
+    result(result&& other): is_ok_(other.is_ok())
+    {
+        if(other.is_ok())
+        {
+            auto tmp = ::new(std::addressof(this->succ)) success_type(std::move(other.as_ok()));
+            assert(tmp == std::addressof(this->succ));
+            (void)tmp;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            auto tmp = ::new(std::addressof(this->fail)) failure_type(std::move(other.as_err()));
+            assert(tmp == std::addressof(this->fail));
+            (void)tmp;
+        }
+    }
+
+    template<typename U, typename F>
+    result(const result<U, F>& other): is_ok_(other.is_ok())
+    {
+        if(other.is_ok())
+        {
+            auto tmp = ::new(std::addressof(this->succ)) success_type(other.as_ok());
+            assert(tmp == std::addressof(this->succ));
+            (void)tmp;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            auto tmp = ::new(std::addressof(this->fail)) failure_type(other.as_err());
+            assert(tmp == std::addressof(this->fail));
+            (void)tmp;
+        }
+    }
+    template<typename U, typename F>
+    result(result<U, F>&& other): is_ok_(other.is_ok())
+    {
+        if(other.is_ok())
+        {
+            auto tmp = ::new(std::addressof(this->succ)) success_type(std::move(other.as_ok()));
+            assert(tmp == std::addressof(this->succ));
+            (void)tmp;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            auto tmp = ::new(std::addressof(this->fail)) failure_type(std::move(other.as_err()));
+            assert(tmp == std::addressof(this->fail));
+            (void)tmp;
+        }
+    }
+
+    result& operator=(const result& other)
+    {
+        this->cleanup();
+        if(other.is_ok())
+        {
+            auto tmp = ::new(std::addressof(this->succ)) success_type(other.as_ok());
+            assert(tmp == std::addressof(this->succ));
+            (void)tmp;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            auto tmp = ::new(std::addressof(this->fail)) failure_type(other.as_err());
+            assert(tmp == std::addressof(this->fail));
+            (void)tmp;
+        }
+        is_ok_ = other.is_ok();
+        return *this;
+    }
+    result& operator=(result&& other)
+    {
+        this->cleanup();
+        if(other.is_ok())
+        {
+            auto tmp = ::new(std::addressof(this->succ)) success_type(std::move(other.as_ok()));
+            assert(tmp == std::addressof(this->succ));
+            (void)tmp;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            auto tmp = ::new(std::addressof(this->fail)) failure_type(std::move(other.as_err()));
+            assert(tmp == std::addressof(this->fail));
+            (void)tmp;
+        }
+        is_ok_ = other.is_ok();
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template<typename U, typename F>
+    result& operator=(const result<U, F>& other)
+    {
+        this->cleanup();
+        if(other.is_ok())
+        {
+            auto tmp = ::new(std::addressof(this->succ)) success_type(other.as_ok());
+            assert(tmp == std::addressof(this->succ));
+            (void)tmp;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            auto tmp = ::new(std::addressof(this->fail)) failure_type(other.as_err());
+            assert(tmp == std::addressof(this->fail));
+            (void)tmp;
+        }
+        is_ok_ = other.is_ok();
+        return *this;
+    }
+    template<typename U, typename F>
+    result& operator=(result<U, F>&& other)
+    {
+        this->cleanup();
+        if(other.is_ok())
+        {
+            auto tmp = ::new(std::addressof(this->succ)) success_type(std::move(other.as_ok()));
+            assert(tmp == std::addressof(this->succ));
+            (void)tmp;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            auto tmp = ::new(std::addressof(this->fail)) failure_type(std::move(other.as_err()));
+            assert(tmp == std::addressof(this->fail));
+            (void)tmp;
+        }
+        is_ok_ = other.is_ok();
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    bool is_ok()  const noexcept {return is_ok_;}
+    bool is_err() const noexcept {return !is_ok_;}
+
+    operator bool() const noexcept {return is_ok_;}
+
+    value_type&       unwrap() &
+    {
+        if(is_err())
+        {
+            throw std::runtime_error("toml::result: bad unwrap: " +
+                                     format_error(this->as_err()));
+        }
+        return this->succ.value;
+    }
+    value_type const& unwrap() const&
+    {
+        if(is_err())
+        {
+            throw std::runtime_error("toml::result: bad unwrap: " +
+                                     format_error(this->as_err()));
+        }
+        return this->succ.value;
+    }
+    value_type&&      unwrap() &&
+    {
+        if(is_err())
+        {
+            throw std::runtime_error("toml::result: bad unwrap: " +
+                                     format_error(this->as_err()));
+        }
+        return std::move(this->succ.value);
+    }
+
+    value_type&       unwrap_or(value_type& opt) &
+    {
+        if(is_err()) {return opt;}
+        return this->succ.value;
+    }
+    value_type const& unwrap_or(value_type const& opt) const&
+    {
+        if(is_err()) {return opt;}
+        return this->succ.value;
+    }
+    value_type        unwrap_or(value_type opt) &&
+    {
+        if(is_err()) {return opt;}
+        return this->succ.value;
+    }
+
+    error_type&       unwrap_err() &
+    {
+        if(is_ok()) {throw std::runtime_error("toml::result: bad unwrap_err");}
+        return this->fail.value;
+    }
+    error_type const& unwrap_err() const&
+    {
+        if(is_ok()) {throw std::runtime_error("toml::result: bad unwrap_err");}
+        return this->fail.value;
+    }
+    error_type&&      unwrap_err() &&
+    {
+        if(is_ok()) {throw std::runtime_error("toml::result: bad unwrap_err");}
+        return std::move(this->fail.value);
+    }
+
+    value_type&       as_ok() &      noexcept {return this->succ.value;}
+    value_type const& as_ok() const& noexcept {return this->succ.value;}
+    value_type&&      as_ok() &&     noexcept {return std::move(this->succ.value);}
+
+    error_type&       as_err() &      noexcept {return this->fail.value;}
+    error_type const& as_err() const& noexcept {return this->fail.value;}
+    error_type&&      as_err() &&     noexcept {return std::move(this->fail.value);}
+
+
+    // prerequisities
+    // F: T -> U
+    // retval: result<U, E>
+    template<typename F>
+    result<detail::return_type_of_t<F, value_type&>, error_type>
+    map(F&& f) &
+    {
+        if(this->is_ok()){return ok(f(this->as_ok()));}
+        return err(this->as_err());
+    }
+    template<typename F>
+    result<detail::return_type_of_t<F, value_type const&>, error_type>
+    map(F&& f) const&
+    {
+        if(this->is_ok()){return ok(f(this->as_ok()));}
+        return err(this->as_err());
+    }
+    template<typename F>
+    result<detail::return_type_of_t<F, value_type &&>, error_type>
+    map(F&& f) &&
+    {
+        if(this->is_ok()){return ok(f(std::move(this->as_ok())));}
+        return err(std::move(this->as_err()));
+    }
+
+    // prerequisities
+    // F: E -> F
+    // retval: result<T, F>
+    template<typename F>
+    result<value_type, detail::return_type_of_t<F, error_type&>>
+    map_err(F&& f) &
+    {
+        if(this->is_err()){return err(f(this->as_err()));}
+        return ok(this->as_ok());
+    }
+    template<typename F>
+    result<value_type, detail::return_type_of_t<F, error_type const&>>
+    map_err(F&& f) const&
+    {
+        if(this->is_err()){return err(f(this->as_err()));}
+        return ok(this->as_ok());
+    }
+    template<typename F>
+    result<value_type, detail::return_type_of_t<F, error_type&&>>
+    map_err(F&& f) &&
+    {
+        if(this->is_err()){return err(f(std::move(this->as_err())));}
+        return ok(std::move(this->as_ok()));
+    }
+
+    // prerequisities
+    // F: T -> U
+    // retval: U
+    template<typename F, typename U>
+    detail::return_type_of_t<F, value_type&>
+    map_or_else(F&& f, U&& opt) &
+    {
+        if(this->is_err()){return std::forward<U>(opt);}
+        return f(this->as_ok());
+    }
+    template<typename F, typename U>
+    detail::return_type_of_t<F, value_type const&>
+    map_or_else(F&& f, U&& opt) const&
+    {
+        if(this->is_err()){return std::forward<U>(opt);}
+        return f(this->as_ok());
+    }
+    template<typename F, typename U>
+    detail::return_type_of_t<F, value_type&&>
+    map_or_else(F&& f, U&& opt) &&
+    {
+        if(this->is_err()){return std::forward<U>(opt);}
+        return f(std::move(this->as_ok()));
+    }
+
+    // prerequisities
+    // F: E -> U
+    // retval: U
+    template<typename F, typename U>
+    detail::return_type_of_t<F, error_type&>
+    map_err_or_else(F&& f, U&& opt) &
+    {
+        if(this->is_ok()){return std::forward<U>(opt);}
+        return f(this->as_err());
+    }
+    template<typename F, typename U>
+    detail::return_type_of_t<F, error_type const&>
+    map_err_or_else(F&& f, U&& opt) const&
+    {
+        if(this->is_ok()){return std::forward<U>(opt);}
+        return f(this->as_err());
+    }
+    template<typename F, typename U>
+    detail::return_type_of_t<F, error_type&&>
+    map_err_or_else(F&& f, U&& opt) &&
+    {
+        if(this->is_ok()){return std::forward<U>(opt);}
+        return f(std::move(this->as_err()));
+    }
+
+    // prerequisities:
+    // F: func T -> U
+    // toml::err(error_type) should be convertible to U.
+    // normally, type U is another result<S, F> and E is convertible to F
+    template<typename F>
+    detail::return_type_of_t<F, value_type&>
+    and_then(F&& f) &
+    {
+        if(this->is_ok()){return f(this->as_ok());}
+        return err(this->as_err());
+    }
+    template<typename F>
+    detail::return_type_of_t<F, value_type const&>
+    and_then(F&& f) const&
+    {
+        if(this->is_ok()){return f(this->as_ok());}
+        return err(this->as_err());
+    }
+    template<typename F>
+    detail::return_type_of_t<F, value_type&&>
+    and_then(F&& f) &&
+    {
+        if(this->is_ok()){return f(std::move(this->as_ok()));}
+        return err(std::move(this->as_err()));
+    }
+
+    // prerequisities:
+    // F: func E -> U
+    // toml::ok(value_type) should be convertible to U.
+    // normally, type U is another result<S, F> and T is convertible to S
+    template<typename F>
+    detail::return_type_of_t<F, error_type&>
+    or_else(F&& f) &
+    {
+        if(this->is_err()){return f(this->as_err());}
+        return ok(this->as_ok());
+    }
+    template<typename F>
+    detail::return_type_of_t<F, error_type const&>
+    or_else(F&& f) const&
+    {
+        if(this->is_err()){return f(this->as_err());}
+        return ok(this->as_ok());
+    }
+    template<typename F>
+    detail::return_type_of_t<F, error_type&&>
+    or_else(F&& f) &&
+    {
+        if(this->is_err()){return f(std::move(this->as_err()));}
+        return ok(std::move(this->as_ok()));
+    }
+
+    // if *this is error, returns *this. otherwise, returns other.
+    result and_other(const result& other) const&
+    {
+        return this->is_err() ? *this : other;
+    }
+    result and_other(result&& other) &&
+    {
+        return this->is_err() ? std::move(*this) : std::move(other);
+    }
+
+    // if *this is okay, returns *this. otherwise, returns other.
+    result or_other(const result& other) const&
+    {
+        return this->is_ok() ? *this : other;
+    }
+    result or_other(result&& other) &&
+    {
+        return this->is_ok() ? std::move(*this) : std::move(other);
+    }
+
+    void swap(result<T, E>& other)
+    {
+        result<T, E> tmp(std::move(*this));
+        *this = std::move(other);
+        other = std::move(tmp);
+        return ;
+    }
+
+  private:
+
+    static std::string format_error(std::exception const& excpt)
+    {
+        return std::string(excpt.what());
+    }
+    template<typename U, typename std::enable_if<!std::is_base_of<
+        std::exception, U>::value, std::nullptr_t>::type = nullptr>
+    static std::string format_error(U const& others)
+    {
+        std::ostringstream oss; oss << others;
+        return oss.str();
+    }
+
+    void cleanup() noexcept
+    {
+        if(this->is_ok_) {this->succ.~success_type();}
+        else             {this->fail.~failure_type();}
+        return;
+    }
+
+  private:
+
+    bool      is_ok_;
+    union
+    {
+        success_type succ;
+        failure_type fail;
+    };
+};
+
+template<typename T, typename E>
+void swap(result<T, E>& lhs, result<T, E>& rhs)
+{
+    lhs.swap(rhs);
+    return;
+}
+
+// this might be confusing because it eagerly evaluated, while in the other
+// cases operator && and || are short-circuited.
+//
+// template<typename T, typename E>
+// inline result<T, E>
+// operator&&(const result<T, E>& lhs, const result<T, E>& rhs) noexcept
+// {
+//     return lhs.is_ok() ? rhs : lhs;
+// }
+//
+// template<typename T, typename E>
+// inline result<T, E>
+// operator||(const result<T, E>& lhs, const result<T, E>& rhs) noexcept
+// {
+//     return lhs.is_ok() ? lhs : rhs;
+// }
+
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// re-use result<T, E> as a optional<T> with none_t
+
+namespace detail
+{
+struct none_t {};
+inline bool operator==(const none_t&, const none_t&) noexcept {return true;}
+inline bool operator!=(const none_t&, const none_t&) noexcept {return false;}
+inline bool operator< (const none_t&, const none_t&) noexcept {return false;}
+inline bool operator<=(const none_t&, const none_t&) noexcept {return true;}
+inline bool operator> (const none_t&, const none_t&) noexcept {return false;}
+inline bool operator>=(const none_t&, const none_t&) noexcept {return true;}
+template<typename charT, typename traitsT>
+std::basic_ostream<charT, traitsT>&
+operator<<(std::basic_ostream<charT, traitsT>& os, const none_t&)
+{
+    os << "none";
+    return os;
+}
+inline failure<none_t> none() noexcept {return failure<none_t>{none_t{}};}
+} // detail
+} // toml11
+#endif// TOML11_RESULT_H

toml/serializer.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,788 @@
+//     Copyright Toru Niina 2019.
+// Distributed under the MIT License.
+#ifndef TOML11_SERIALIZER_HPP
+#define TOML11_SERIALIZER_HPP
+#include <cstdio>
+
+#include <limits>
+
+#include "lexer.hpp"
+#include "value.hpp"
+
+namespace toml
+{
+
+// This function serialize a key. It checks a string is a bare key and
+// escapes special characters if the string is not compatible to a bare key.
+// ```cpp
+// std::string k("non.bare.key"); // the key itself includes `.`s.
+// std::string formatted = toml::format_key(k);
+// assert(formatted == "\"non.bare.key\"");
+// ```
+//
+// This function is exposed to make it easy to write a user-defined serializer.
+// Since toml restricts characters available in a bare key, generally a string
+// should be escaped. But checking whether a string needs to be surrounded by
+// a `"` and escaping some special character is boring.
+template<typename charT, typename traits, typename Alloc>
+std::basic_string<charT, traits, Alloc>
+format_key(const std::basic_string<charT, traits, Alloc>& key)
+{
+    // check the key can be a bare (unquoted) key
+    detail::location<toml::key> loc(key, key);
+    detail::lex_unquoted_key::invoke(loc);
+    if(loc.iter() == loc.end())
+    {
+        return key; // all the tokens are consumed. the key is unquoted-key.
+    }
+
+    //if it includes special characters, then format it in a "quoted" key.
+    std::basic_string<charT, traits, Alloc> serialized("\"");
+    for(const char c : key)
+    {
+        switch(c)
+        {
+            case '\\': {serialized += "\\\\"; break;}
+            case '\"': {serialized += "\\\""; break;}
+            case '\b': {serialized += "\\b";  break;}
+            case '\t': {serialized += "\\t";  break;}
+            case '\f': {serialized += "\\f";  break;}
+            case '\n': {serialized += "\\n";  break;}
+            case '\r': {serialized += "\\r";  break;}
+            default  : {serialized += c;      break;}
+        }
+    }
+    serialized += "\"";
+    return serialized;
+}
+
+template<typename charT, typename traits, typename Alloc>
+std::basic_string<charT, traits, Alloc>
+format_keys(const std::vector<std::basic_string<charT, traits, Alloc>>& keys)
+{
+    std::basic_string<charT, traits, Alloc> serialized;
+    if(keys.empty()) {return serialized;}
+
+    for(const auto& ky : keys)
+    {
+        serialized += format_key(ky);
+        serialized += charT('.');
+    }
+    serialized.pop_back(); // remove the last dot '.'
+    return serialized;
+}
+
+template<typename Value>
+struct serializer
+{
+    static_assert(detail::is_basic_value<Value>::value,
+                  "toml::serializer is for toml::value and its variants, "
+                  "toml::basic_value<...>.");
+
+    using value_type           = Value;
+    using key_type             = typename value_type::key_type            ;
+    using comment_type         = typename value_type::comment_type        ;
+    using boolean_type         = typename value_type::boolean_type        ;
+    using integer_type         = typename value_type::integer_type        ;
+    using floating_type        = typename value_type::floating_type       ;
+    using string_type          = typename value_type::string_type         ;
+    using local_time_type      = typename value_type::local_time_type     ;
+    using local_date_type      = typename value_type::local_date_type     ;
+    using local_datetime_type  = typename value_type::local_datetime_type ;
+    using offset_datetime_type = typename value_type::offset_datetime_type;
+    using array_type           = typename value_type::array_type          ;
+    using table_type           = typename value_type::table_type          ;
+
+    serializer(const std::size_t w              = 80u,
+               const int         float_prec     = std::numeric_limits<toml::floating>::max_digits10,
+               const bool        can_be_inlined = false,
+               const bool        no_comment     = false,
+               std::vector<toml::key> ks        = {})
+        : can_be_inlined_(can_be_inlined), no_comment_(no_comment),
+          float_prec_(float_prec), width_(w), keys_(std::move(ks))
+    {}
+    ~serializer() = default;
+
+    std::string operator()(const boolean_type& b) const
+    {
+        return b ? "true" : "false";
+    }
+    std::string operator()(const integer_type i) const
+    {
+        return std::to_string(i);
+    }
+    std::string operator()(const floating_type f) const
+    {
+        const auto fmt = "%.*g";
+        const auto bsz = std::snprintf(nullptr, 0, fmt, this->float_prec_, f);
+        // +1 for null character(\0)
+        std::vector<char> buf(static_cast<std::size_t>(bsz + 1), '\0');
+        std::snprintf(buf.data(), buf.size(), fmt, this->float_prec_, f);
+
+        std::string token(buf.begin(), std::prev(buf.end()));
+        if(token.back() == '.') // 1. => 1.0
+        {
+            token += '0';
+        }
+
+        const auto e = std::find_if(
+            token.cbegin(), token.cend(), [](const char c) noexcept -> bool {
+                return c == 'e' || c == 'E';
+            });
+        const auto has_exponent = (token.cend() != e);
+        const auto has_fraction = (token.cend() != std::find(
+            token.cbegin(), token.cend(), '.'));
+
+        if(!has_exponent && !has_fraction)
+        {
+            // the resulting value does not have any float specific part!
+            token += ".0";
+        }
+        return token;
+    }
+    std::string operator()(const string_type& s) const
+    {
+        if(s.kind == string_t::basic)
+        {
+            if(std::find(s.str.cbegin(), s.str.cend(), '\n') != s.str.cend() ||
+               std::find(s.str.cbegin(), s.str.cend(), '\"') != s.str.cend())
+            {
+                // if linefeed or double-quote is contained,
+                // make it multiline basic string.
+                const auto escaped = this->escape_ml_basic_string(s.str);
+                std::string open("\"\"\"");
+                std::string close("\"\"\"");
+                if(escaped.find('\n') != std::string::npos ||
+                   this->width_ < escaped.size() + 6)
+                {
+                    // if the string body contains newline or is enough long,
+                    // add newlines after and before delimiters.
+                    open += "\n";
+                    close = std::string("\\\n") + close;
+                }
+                return open + escaped + close;
+            }
+
+            // no linefeed. try to make it oneline-string.
+            std::string oneline = this->escape_basic_string(s.str);
+            if(oneline.size() + 2 < width_ || width_ < 2)
+            {
+                const std::string quote("\"");
+                return quote + oneline + quote;
+            }
+
+            // the line is too long compared to the specified width.
+            // split it into multiple lines.
+            std::string token("\"\"\"\n");
+            while(!oneline.empty())
+            {
+                if(oneline.size() < width_)
+                {
+                    token += oneline;
+                    oneline.clear();
+                }
+                else if(oneline.at(width_-2) == '\\')
+                {
+                    token += oneline.substr(0, width_-2);
+                    token += "\\\n";
+                    oneline.erase(0, width_-2);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    token += oneline.substr(0, width_-1);
+                    token += "\\\n";
+                    oneline.erase(0, width_-1);
+                }
+            }
+            return token + std::string("\\\n\"\"\"");
+        }
+        else // the string `s` is literal-string.
+        {
+            if(std::find(s.str.cbegin(), s.str.cend(), '\n') != s.str.cend() ||
+               std::find(s.str.cbegin(), s.str.cend(), '\'') != s.str.cend() )
+            {
+                std::string open("'''");
+                if(this->width_ + 6 < s.str.size())
+                {
+                    open += '\n'; // the first newline is ignored by TOML spec
+                }
+                const std::string close("'''");
+                return open + s.str + close;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                const std::string quote("'");
+                return quote + s.str + quote;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    std::string operator()(const local_date_type& d) const
+    {
+        std::ostringstream oss;
+        oss << d;
+        return oss.str();
+    }
+    std::string operator()(const local_time_type& t) const
+    {
+        std::ostringstream oss;
+        oss << t;
+        return oss.str();
+    }
+    std::string operator()(const local_datetime_type& dt) const
+    {
+        std::ostringstream oss;
+        oss << dt;
+        return oss.str();
+    }
+    std::string operator()(const offset_datetime_type& odt) const
+    {
+        std::ostringstream oss;
+        oss << odt;
+        return oss.str();
+    }
+
+    std::string operator()(const array_type& v) const
+    {
+        if(!v.empty() && v.front().is_table())// v is an array of tables
+        {
+            // if it's not inlined, we need to add `[[table.key]]`.
+            // but if it can be inlined,
+            // ```
+            // table.key = [
+            //   {...},
+            //   # comment
+            //   {...},
+            // ]
+            // ```
+            if(this->can_be_inlined_)
+            {
+                std::string token;
+                if(!keys_.empty())
+                {
+                    token += format_key(keys_.back());
+                    token += " = ";
+                }
+                bool failed = false;
+                token += "[\n";
+                for(const auto& item : v)
+                {
+                    // if an element of the table has a comment, the table
+                    // cannot be inlined.
+                    if(this->has_comment_inside(item.as_table()))
+                    {
+                        failed = true;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    if(!no_comment_)
+                    {
+                        for(const auto& c : item.comments())
+                        {
+                            token += '#';
+                            token += c;
+                            token += '\n';
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    const auto t = this->make_inline_table(item.as_table());
+
+                    if(t.size() + 1 > width_ || // +1 for the last comma {...},
+                       std::find(t.cbegin(), t.cend(), '\n') != t.cend())
+                    {
+                        failed = true;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    token += t;
+                    token += ",\n";
+                }
+                if(!failed)
+                {
+                    token += "]\n";
+                    return token;
+                }
+                // if failed, serialize them as [[array.of.tables]].
+            }
+
+            std::string token;
+            for(const auto& item : v)
+            {
+                if(!no_comment_)
+                {
+                    for(const auto& c : item.comments())
+                    {
+                        token += '#';
+                        token += c;
+                        token += '\n';
+                    }
+                }
+                token += "[[";
+                token += format_keys(keys_);
+                token += "]]\n";
+                token += this->make_multiline_table(item.as_table());
+            }
+            return token;
+        }
+        if(v.empty())
+        {
+            return std::string("[]");
+        }
+
+        // not an array of tables. normal array.
+        // first, try to make it inline if none of the elements have a comment.
+        if(!this->has_comment_inside(v))
+        {
+            const auto inl = this->make_inline_array(v);
+            if(inl.size() < this->width_ &&
+               std::find(inl.cbegin(), inl.cend(), '\n') == inl.cend())
+            {
+                return inl;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // if the length exceeds this->width_, print multiline array.
+        // key = [
+        //   # ...
+        //   42,
+        //   ...
+        // ]
+        std::string token;
+        std::string current_line;
+        token += "[\n";
+        for(const auto& item : v)
+        {
+            if(!item.comments().empty() && !no_comment_)
+            {
+                // if comment exists, the element must be the only element in the line.
+                // e.g. the following is not allowed.
+                // ```toml
+                // array = [
+                // # comment for what?
+                // 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
+                // ]
+                // ```
+                if(!current_line.empty())
+                {
+                    if(current_line.back() != '\n')
+                    {
+                        current_line += '\n';
+                    }
+                    token += current_line;
+                    current_line.clear();
+                }
+                for(const auto& c : item.comments())
+                {
+                    token += '#';
+                    token += c;
+                    token += '\n';
+                }
+                token += toml::visit(*this, item);
+                if(token.back() == '\n') {token.pop_back();}
+                token += ",\n";
+                continue;
+            }
+            std::string next_elem;
+            next_elem += toml::visit(*this, item);
+
+            // comma before newline.
+            if(next_elem.back() == '\n') {next_elem.pop_back();}
+
+            // if current line does not exceeds the width limit, continue.
+            if(current_line.size() + next_elem.size() + 1 < this->width_)
+            {
+                current_line += next_elem;
+                current_line += ',';
+            }
+            else if(current_line.empty())
+            {
+                // if current line was empty, force put the next_elem because
+                // next_elem is not splittable
+                token += next_elem;
+                token += ",\n";
+                // current_line is kept empty
+            }
+            else // reset current_line
+            {
+                assert(current_line.back() == ',');
+                token += current_line;
+                token += '\n';
+                current_line = next_elem;
+                current_line += ',';
+            }
+        }
+        if(!current_line.empty())
+        {
+            if(current_line.back() != '\n') {current_line += '\n';}
+            token += current_line;
+        }
+        token += "]\n";
+        return token;
+    }
+
+    // templatize for any table-like container
+    std::string operator()(const table_type& v) const
+    {
+        // if an element has a comment, then it can't be inlined.
+        // table = {# how can we write a comment for this? key = "value"}
+        if(this->can_be_inlined_ && !(this->has_comment_inside(v)))
+        {
+            std::string token;
+            if(!this->keys_.empty())
+            {
+                token += format_key(this->keys_.back());
+                token += " = ";
+            }
+            token += this->make_inline_table(v);
+            if(token.size() < this->width_ &&
+               token.end() == std::find(token.begin(), token.end(), '\n'))
+            {
+                return token;
+            }
+        }
+
+        std::string token;
+        if(!keys_.empty())
+        {
+            token += '[';
+            token += format_keys(keys_);
+            token += "]\n";
+        }
+        token += this->make_multiline_table(v);
+        return token;
+    }
+
+  private:
+
+    std::string escape_basic_string(const std::string& s) const
+    {
+        //XXX assuming `s` is a valid utf-8 sequence.
+        std::string retval;
+        for(const char c : s)
+        {
+            switch(c)
+            {
+                case '\\': {retval += "\\\\"; break;}
+                case '\"': {retval += "\\\""; break;}
+                case '\b': {retval += "\\b";  break;}
+                case '\t': {retval += "\\t";  break;}
+                case '\f': {retval += "\\f";  break;}
+                case '\n': {retval += "\\n";  break;}
+                case '\r': {retval += "\\r";  break;}
+                default  : {retval += c;      break;}
+            }
+        }
+        return retval;
+    }
+
+    std::string escape_ml_basic_string(const std::string& s) const
+    {
+        std::string retval;
+        for(auto i=s.cbegin(), e=s.cend(); i!=e; ++i)
+        {
+            switch(*i)
+            {
+                case '\\': {retval += "\\\\"; break;}
+                // One or two consecutive "s are allowed.
+                // Later we will check there are no three consecutive "s.
+                //   case '\"': {retval += "\\\""; break;}
+                case '\b': {retval += "\\b";  break;}
+                case '\t': {retval += "\\t";  break;}
+                case '\f': {retval += "\\f";  break;}
+                case '\n': {retval += "\n";   break;}
+                case '\r':
+                {
+                    if(std::next(i) != e && *std::next(i) == '\n')
+                    {
+                        retval += "\r\n";
+                        ++i;
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        retval += "\\r";
+                    }
+                    break;
+                }
+                default: {retval += *i; break;}
+            }
+        }
+        // Only 1 or 2 consecutive `"`s are allowed in multiline basic string.
+        // 3 consecutive `"`s are considered as a closing delimiter.
+        // We need to check if there are 3 or more consecutive `"`s and insert
+        // backslash to break them down into several short `"`s like the `str6`
+        // in the following example.
+        // ```toml
+        // str4 = """Here are two quotation marks: "". Simple enough."""
+        // # str5 = """Here are three quotation marks: """."""  # INVALID
+        // str5 = """Here are three quotation marks: ""\"."""
+        // str6 = """Here are fifteen quotation marks: ""\"""\"""\"""\"""\"."""
+        // ```
+        auto found_3_quotes = retval.find("\"\"\"");
+        while(found_3_quotes != std::string::npos)
+        {
+            retval.replace(found_3_quotes, 3, "\"\"\\\"");
+            found_3_quotes = retval.find("\"\"\"");
+        }
+        return retval;
+    }
+
+    // if an element of a table or an array has a comment, it cannot be inlined.
+    bool has_comment_inside(const array_type& a) const noexcept
+    {
+        // if no_comment is set, comments would not be written.
+        if(this->no_comment_) {return false;}
+
+        for(const auto& v : a)
+        {
+            if(!v.comments().empty()) {return true;}
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+    bool has_comment_inside(const table_type& t) const noexcept
+    {
+        // if no_comment is set, comments would not be written.
+        if(this->no_comment_) {return false;}
+
+        for(const auto& kv : t)
+        {
+            if(!kv.second.comments().empty()) {return true;}
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    std::string make_inline_array(const array_type& v) const
+    {
+        assert(!has_comment_inside(v));
+        std::string token;
+        token += '[';
+        bool is_first = true;
+        for(const auto& item : v)
+        {
+            if(is_first) {is_first = false;} else {token += ',';}
+            token += visit(serializer((std::numeric_limits<std::size_t>::max)(),
+                                      this->float_prec_, true), item);
+        }
+        token += ']';
+        return token;
+    }
+
+    std::string make_inline_table(const table_type& v) const
+    {
+        assert(!has_comment_inside(v));
+        assert(this->can_be_inlined_);
+        std::string token;
+        token += '{';
+        bool is_first = true;
+        for(const auto& kv : v)
+        {
+            // in inline tables, trailing comma is not allowed (toml-lang #569).
+            if(is_first) {is_first = false;} else {token += ',';}
+            token += format_key(kv.first);
+            token += '=';
+            token += visit(serializer((std::numeric_limits<std::size_t>::max)(),
+                                      this->float_prec_, true), kv.second);
+        }
+        token += '}';
+        return token;
+    }
+
+    std::string make_multiline_table(const table_type& v) const
+    {
+        std::string token;
+
+        // print non-table stuff first. because after printing [foo.bar], the
+        // remaining non-table values will be assigned into [foo.bar], not [foo]
+        for(const auto& kv : v)
+        {
+            if(kv.second.is_table() || is_array_of_tables(kv.second))
+            {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            if(!kv.second.comments().empty() && !no_comment_)
+            {
+                for(const auto& c : kv.second.comments())
+                {
+                    token += '#';
+                    token += c;
+                    token += '\n';
+                }
+            }
+            const auto key_and_sep    = format_key(kv.first) + " = ";
+            const auto residual_width = (this->width_ > key_and_sep.size()) ?
+                                        this->width_ - key_and_sep.size() : 0;
+            token += key_and_sep;
+            token += visit(serializer(residual_width, this->float_prec_, true),
+                           kv.second);
+            if(token.back() != '\n')
+            {
+                token += '\n';
+            }
+        }
+
+        // normal tables / array of tables
+
+        // after multiline table appeared, the other tables cannot be inline
+        // because the table would be assigned into the table.
+        // [foo]
+        // ...
+        // bar = {...} # <- bar will be a member of [foo].
+        bool multiline_table_printed = false;
+        for(const auto& kv : v)
+        {
+            if(!kv.second.is_table() && !is_array_of_tables(kv.second))
+            {
+                continue; // other stuff are already serialized. skip them.
+            }
+
+            std::vector<toml::key> ks(this->keys_);
+            ks.push_back(kv.first);
+
+            auto tmp = visit(serializer(this->width_, this->float_prec_,
+                !multiline_table_printed, this->no_comment_, ks),
+                kv.second);
+
+            if((!multiline_table_printed) &&
+               std::find(tmp.cbegin(), tmp.cend(), '\n') != tmp.cend())
+            {
+                multiline_table_printed = true;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                // still inline tables only.
+                tmp += '\n';
+            }
+
+            if(!kv.second.comments().empty() && !no_comment_)
+            {
+                for(const auto& c : kv.second.comments())
+                {
+                    token += '#';
+                    token += c;
+                    token += '\n';
+                }
+            }
+            token += tmp;
+        }
+        return token;
+    }
+
+    bool is_array_of_tables(const value_type& v) const
+    {
+        if(!v.is_array()) {return false;}
+        const auto& a = v.as_array();
+        return !a.empty() && a.front().is_table();
+    }
+
+  private:
+
+    bool        can_be_inlined_;
+    bool        no_comment_;
+    int         float_prec_;
+    std::size_t width_;
+    std::vector<toml::key> keys_;
+};
+
+template<typename C,
+         template<typename ...> class M, template<typename ...> class V>
+std::string
+format(const basic_value<C, M, V>& v, std::size_t w = 80u,
+       int fprec = std::numeric_limits<toml::floating>::max_digits10,
+       bool no_comment = false, bool force_inline = false)
+{
+    using value_type = basic_value<C, M, V>;
+    // if value is a table, it is considered to be a root object.
+    // the root object can't be an inline table.
+    if(v.is_table())
+    {
+        std::ostringstream oss;
+        if(!v.comments().empty())
+        {
+            oss << v.comments();
+            oss << '\n'; // to split the file comment from the first element
+        }
+        const auto serialized = visit(serializer<value_type>(w, fprec, no_comment, false), v);
+        oss << serialized;
+        return oss.str();
+    }
+    return visit(serializer<value_type>(w, fprec, force_inline), v);
+}
+
+namespace detail
+{
+template<typename charT, typename traits>
+int comment_index(std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>&)
+{
+    static const int index = std::ios_base::xalloc();
+    return index;
+}
+} // detail
+
+template<typename charT, typename traits>
+std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
+nocomment(std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os)
+{
+    // by default, it is zero. and by defalut, it shows comments.
+    os.iword(detail::comment_index(os)) = 1;
+    return os;
+}
+
+template<typename charT, typename traits>
+std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
+showcomment(std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os)
+{
+    // by default, it is zero. and by defalut, it shows comments.
+    os.iword(detail::comment_index(os)) = 0;
+    return os;
+}
+
+template<typename charT, typename traits, typename C,
+         template<typename ...> class M, template<typename ...> class V>
+std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
+operator<<(std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os, const basic_value<C, M, V>& v)
+{
+    using value_type = basic_value<C, M, V>;
+
+    // get status of std::setw().
+    const auto w     = static_cast<std::size_t>(os.width());
+    const int  fprec = static_cast<int>(os.precision());
+    os.width(0);
+
+    // by defualt, iword is initialized byl 0. And by default, toml11 outputs
+    // comments. So `0` means showcomment. 1 means nocommnet.
+    const bool no_comment = (1 == os.iword(detail::comment_index(os)));
+
+    if(!no_comment && v.is_table() && !v.comments().empty())
+    {
+        os << v.comments();
+        os << '\n'; // to split the file comment from the first element
+    }
+    // the root object can't be an inline table. so pass `false`.
+    const auto serialized = visit(serializer<value_type>(w, fprec, no_comment, false), v);
+    os << serialized;
+
+    // if v is a non-table value, and has only one comment, then
+    // put a comment just after a value. in the following way.
+    //
+    // ```toml
+    // key = "value" # comment.
+    // ```
+    //
+    // Since the top-level toml object is a table, one who want to put a
+    // non-table toml value must use this in a following way.
+    //
+    // ```cpp
+    // toml::value v;
+    // std::cout << "user-defined-key = " << v << std::endl;
+    // ```
+    //
+    // In this case, it is impossible to put comments before key-value pair.
+    // The only way to preserve comments is to put all of them after a value.
+    if(!no_comment && !v.is_table() && !v.comments().empty())
+    {
+        os << " #";
+        for(const auto& c : v.comments()) {os << c;}
+    }
+    return os;
+}
+
+} // toml
+#endif// TOML11_SERIALIZER_HPP

toml/source_location.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+//     Copyright Toru Niina 2019.
+// Distributed under the MIT License.
+#ifndef TOML11_SOURCE_LOCATION_HPP
+#define TOML11_SOURCE_LOCATION_HPP
+#include <cstdint>
+
+#include "region.hpp"
+
+namespace toml
+{
+
+// A struct to contain location in a toml file.
+// The interface imitates std::experimental::source_location,
+// but not completely the same.
+//
+// It would be constructed by toml::value. It can be used to generate
+// user-defined error messages.
+//
+// - std::uint_least32_t line() const noexcept
+//   - returns the line number where the region is on.
+// - std::uint_least32_t column() const noexcept
+//   - returns the column number where the region starts.
+// - std::uint_least32_t region() const noexcept
+//   - returns the size of the region.
+//
+// +-- line()       +-- region of interest (region() == 9)
+// v            .---+---.
+// 12 | value = "foo bar"
+//              ^
+//              +-- column()
+//
+// - std::string const& file_name() const noexcept;
+//   - name of the file.
+// - std::string const& line_str() const noexcept;
+//   - the whole line that contains the region of interest.
+//
+struct source_location
+{
+  public:
+
+    source_location()
+        : line_num_(0), column_num_(0), region_size_(0),
+          file_name_("unknown file"), line_str_("")
+    {}
+
+    explicit source_location(const detail::region_base* reg)
+        : line_num_(0), column_num_(0), region_size_(0),
+          file_name_("unknown file"), line_str_("")
+    {
+        if(reg)
+        {
+            if(reg->line_num() != detail::region_base().line_num())
+            {
+                line_num_ = static_cast<std::uint_least32_t>(
+                        std::stoul(reg->line_num()));
+            }
+            column_num_  = static_cast<std::uint_least32_t>(reg->before() + 1);
+            region_size_ = static_cast<std::uint_least32_t>(reg->size());
+            file_name_   = reg->name();
+            line_str_    = reg->line();
+        }
+    }
+
+    ~source_location() = default;
+    source_location(source_location const&) = default;
+    source_location(source_location &&)     = default;
+    source_location& operator=(source_location const&) = default;
+    source_location& operator=(source_location &&)     = default;
+
+    std::uint_least32_t line()      const noexcept {return line_num_;}
+    std::uint_least32_t column()    const noexcept {return column_num_;}
+    std::uint_least32_t region()    const noexcept {return region_size_;}
+
+    std::string const&  file_name() const noexcept {return file_name_;}
+    std::string const&  line_str()  const noexcept {return line_str_;}
+
+  private:
+
+    std::uint_least32_t line_num_;
+    std::uint_least32_t column_num_;
+    std::uint_least32_t region_size_;
+    std::string         file_name_;
+    std::string         line_str_;
+};
+
+} // toml
+#endif// TOML11_SOURCE_LOCATION_HPP

toml/storage.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+//     Copyright Toru Niina 2017.
+// Distributed under the MIT License.
+#ifndef TOML11_STORAGE_HPP
+#define TOML11_STORAGE_HPP
+#include "utility.hpp"
+
+namespace toml
+{
+namespace detail
+{
+
+// this contains pointer and deep-copy the content if copied.
+// to avoid recursive pointer.
+template<typename T>
+struct storage
+{
+    using value_type = T;
+
+    explicit storage(value_type const& v): ptr(toml::make_unique<T>(v)) {}
+    explicit storage(value_type&&      v): ptr(toml::make_unique<T>(std::move(v))) {}
+    ~storage() = default;
+    storage(const storage& rhs): ptr(toml::make_unique<T>(*rhs.ptr)) {}
+    storage& operator=(const storage& rhs)
+    {
+        this->ptr = toml::make_unique<T>(*rhs.ptr);
+        return *this;
+    }
+    storage(storage&&) = default;
+    storage& operator=(storage&&) = default;
+
+    bool is_ok() const noexcept {return static_cast<bool>(ptr);}
+
+    value_type&       value() &      noexcept {return *ptr;}
+    value_type const& value() const& noexcept {return *ptr;}
+    value_type&&      value() &&     noexcept {return std::move(*ptr);}
+
+  private:
+    std::unique_ptr<value_type> ptr;
+};
+
+} // detail
+} // toml
+#endif// TOML11_STORAGE_HPP

toml/string.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
+//     Copyright Toru Niina 2017.
+// Distributed under the MIT License.
+#ifndef TOML11_STRING_HPP
+#define TOML11_STRING_HPP
+#include <cstdint>
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <string>
+
+#if __cplusplus >= 201703L
+#if __has_include(<string_view>)
+#include <string_view>
+#endif
+#endif
+
+namespace toml
+{
+
+enum class string_t : std::uint8_t
+{
+    basic   = 0,
+    literal = 1,
+};
+
+struct string
+{
+    string()  = default;
+    ~string() = default;
+    string(const string& s) = default;
+    string(string&& s)      = default;
+    string& operator=(const string& s) = default;
+    string& operator=(string&& s)      = default;
+
+    string(const std::string& s): kind(string_t::basic), str(s){}
+    string(const std::string& s, string_t k):   kind(k), str(s){}
+    string(const char* s):        kind(string_t::basic), str(s){}
+    string(const char* s,        string_t k):   kind(k), str(s){}
+
+    string(std::string&& s): kind(string_t::basic), str(std::move(s)){}
+    string(std::string&& s, string_t k):   kind(k), str(std::move(s)){}
+
+    string& operator=(const std::string& s)
+    {kind = string_t::basic; str = s; return *this;}
+    string& operator=(std::string&& s)
+    {kind = string_t::basic; str = std::move(s); return *this;}
+
+    operator std::string&       () &      noexcept {return str;}
+    operator std::string const& () const& noexcept {return str;}
+    operator std::string&&      () &&     noexcept {return std::move(str);}
+
+    string& operator+=(const char*        rhs) {str += rhs; return *this;}
+    string& operator+=(const char         rhs) {str += rhs; return *this;}
+    string& operator+=(const std::string& rhs) {str += rhs; return *this;}
+    string& operator+=(const string&      rhs) {str += rhs.str; return *this;}
+
+#if __cplusplus >= 201703L
+    explicit string(std::string_view s): kind(string_t::basic), str(s){}
+    string(std::string_view s, string_t k): kind(k), str(s){}
+
+    string& operator=(std::string_view s)
+    {kind = string_t::basic; str = s; return *this;}
+
+    explicit operator std::string_view() const noexcept
+    {return std::string_view(str);}
+
+    string& operator+=(const std::string_view& rhs) {str += rhs; return *this;}
+#endif
+
+    string_t    kind;
+    std::string str;
+};
+
+inline bool operator==(const string& lhs, const string& rhs)
+{
+    return lhs.kind == rhs.kind && lhs.str == rhs.str;
+}
+inline bool operator!=(const string& lhs, const string& rhs)
+{
+    return !(lhs == rhs);
+}
+inline bool operator<(const string& lhs, const string& rhs)
+{
+    return (lhs.kind == rhs.kind) ? (lhs.str < rhs.str) : (lhs.kind < rhs.kind);
+}
+inline bool operator>(const string& lhs, const string& rhs)
+{
+    return rhs < lhs;
+}
+inline bool operator<=(const string& lhs, const string& rhs)
+{
+    return !(rhs < lhs);
+}
+inline bool operator>=(const string& lhs, const string& rhs)
+{
+    return !(lhs < rhs);
+}
+
+inline bool
+operator==(const string& lhs, const std::string& rhs) {return lhs.str == rhs;}
+inline bool
+operator!=(const string& lhs, const std::string& rhs) {return lhs.str != rhs;}
+inline bool
+operator< (const string& lhs, const std::string& rhs) {return lhs.str <  rhs;}
+inline bool
+operator> (const string& lhs, const std::string& rhs) {return lhs.str >  rhs;}
+inline bool
+operator<=(const string& lhs, const std::string& rhs) {return lhs.str <= rhs;}
+inline bool
+operator>=(const string& lhs, const std::string& rhs) {return lhs.str >= rhs;}
+
+inline bool
+operator==(const std::string& lhs, const string& rhs) {return lhs == rhs.str;}
+inline bool
+operator!=(const std::string& lhs, const string& rhs) {return lhs != rhs.str;}
+inline bool
+operator< (const std::string& lhs, const string& rhs) {return lhs <  rhs.str;}
+inline bool
+operator> (const std::string& lhs, const string& rhs) {return lhs >  rhs.str;}
+inline bool
+operator<=(const std::string& lhs, const string& rhs) {return lhs <= rhs.str;}
+inline bool
+operator>=(const std::string& lhs, const string& rhs) {return lhs >= rhs.str;}
+
+inline bool
+operator==(const string& lhs, const char* rhs) {return lhs.str == std::string(rhs);}
+inline bool
+operator!=(const string& lhs, const char* rhs) {return lhs.str != std::string(rhs);}
+inline bool
+operator< (const string& lhs, const char* rhs) {return lhs.str <  std::string(rhs);}
+inline bool
+operator> (const string& lhs, const char* rhs) {return lhs.str >  std::string(rhs);}
+inline bool
+operator<=(const string& lhs, const char* rhs) {return lhs.str <= std::string(rhs);}
+inline bool
+operator>=(const string& lhs, const char* rhs) {return lhs.str >= std::string(rhs);}
+
+inline bool
+operator==(const char* lhs, const string& rhs) {return std::string(lhs) == rhs.str;}
+inline bool
+operator!=(const char* lhs, const string& rhs) {return std::string(lhs) != rhs.str;}
+inline bool
+operator< (const char* lhs, const string& rhs) {return std::string(lhs) <  rhs.str;}
+inline bool
+operator> (const char* lhs, const string& rhs) {return std::string(lhs) >  rhs.str;}
+inline bool
+operator<=(const char* lhs, const string& rhs) {return std::string(lhs) <= rhs.str;}
+inline bool
+operator>=(const char* lhs, const string& rhs) {return std::string(lhs) >= rhs.str;}
+
+template<typename charT, typename traits>
+std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
+operator<<(std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os, const string& s)
+{
+    if(s.kind == string_t::basic)
+    {
+        if(std::find(s.str.cbegin(), s.str.cend(), '\n') != s.str.cend())
+        {
+            // it contains newline. make it multiline string.
+            os << "\"\"\"\n";
+            for(auto i=s.str.cbegin(), e=s.str.cend(); i!=e; ++i)
+            {
+                switch(*i)
+                {
+                    case '\\': {os << "\\\\"; break;}
+                    case '\"': {os << "\\\""; break;}
+                    case '\b': {os << "\\b";  break;}
+                    case '\t': {os << "\\t";  break;}
+                    case '\f': {os << "\\f";  break;}
+                    case '\n': {os << '\n';   break;}
+                    case '\r':
+                    {
+                        // since it is a multiline string,
+                        // CRLF is not needed to be escaped.
+                        if(std::next(i) != e && *std::next(i) == '\n')
+                        {
+                            os << "\r\n";
+                            ++i;
+                        }
+                        else
+                        {
+                            os << "\\r";
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    default: {os << *i; break;}
+                }
+            }
+            os << "\\\n\"\"\"";
+            return os;
+        }
+        // no newline. make it inline.
+        os << "\"";
+        for(const auto c : s.str)
+        {
+            switch(c)
+            {
+                case '\\': {os << "\\\\"; break;}
+                case '\"': {os << "\\\""; break;}
+                case '\b': {os << "\\b";  break;}
+                case '\t': {os << "\\t";  break;}
+                case '\f': {os << "\\f";  break;}
+                case '\n': {os << "\\n";  break;}
+                case '\r': {os << "\\r";  break;}
+                default  : {os << c;      break;}
+            }
+        }
+        os << "\"";
+        return os;
+    }
+    // the string `s` is literal-string.
+    if(std::find(s.str.cbegin(), s.str.cend(), '\n') != s.str.cend() ||
+       std::find(s.str.cbegin(), s.str.cend(), '\'') != s.str.cend() )
+    {
+        // contains newline or single quote. make it multiline.
+        os << "'''\n" << s.str << "'''";
+        return os;
+    }
+    // normal literal string
+    os << '\'' << s.str << '\'';
+    return os;
+}
+
+} // toml
+#endif// TOML11_STRING_H

toml/to_toml.hpp

@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef TOML11_TO_TOML
-#define TOML11_TO_TOML
-#include "value.hpp"
-
-namespace toml
-{
-
-template<typename T, toml::value_t vT = toml::detail::check_type<T>(),
-         typename std::enable_if<(vT != toml::value_t::Unknown &&
-         vT != value_t::Empty), std::nullptr_t>::type = nullptr>
-inline toml::value to_toml(T&& x)
-{
-    return toml::value(std::forward<T>(x));
-}
-
-template<typename T, toml::value_t vT = toml::detail::check_type<T>(),
-         typename std::enable_if<(vT == toml::value_t::Unknown) &&
-         (!toml::detail::is_map<T>::value) &&
-         toml::detail::is_container<T>::value, std::nullptr_t>::type = nullptr>
-toml::value to_toml(T&& x)
-{
-    toml::Array tmp; tmp.reserve(std::distance(std::begin(x), std::end(x)));
-    for(auto iter = std::begin(x); iter != std::end(x); ++iter)
-        tmp.emplace_back(*iter);
-    return toml::value(std::move(tmp));
-}
-
-template<typename T, toml::value_t vT = toml::detail::check_type<T>(),
-         typename std::enable_if<(vT == toml::value_t::Unknown) &&
-         toml::detail::is_map<T>::value, std::nullptr_t>::type = nullptr>
-toml::value to_toml(T&& x)
-{
-    toml::Table tmp;
-    for(auto iter = std::begin(x); iter != std::end(x); ++iter)
-        tmp.emplace(iter->first, to_toml(iter->second));
-    return toml::value(std::move(tmp));
-}
-
-template<typename T>
-inline toml::value to_toml(std::initializer_list<T> init)
-{
-    return toml::value(std::move(init));
-}
-
-inline toml::value
-to_toml(std::initializer_list<std::pair<std::string, toml::value>> init)
-{
-    return toml::value(std::move(init));
-}
-
-} // toml
-#endif // TOML11_TO_TOML

toml/traits.hpp

@@ -1,14 +1,29 @@
-#ifndef TOML11_TRAITS
-#define TOML11_TRAITS
+//     Copyright Toru Niina 2017.
+// Distributed under the MIT License.
+#ifndef TOML11_TRAITS_HPP
+#define TOML11_TRAITS_HPP
+#include <chrono>
+#include <forward_list>
+#include <string>
+#include <tuple>
 #include <type_traits>
+#include <utility>
+
+#if __cplusplus >= 201703L
+#if __has_include(<string_view>)
+#include <string_view>
+#endif // has_include(<string_view>)
+#endif // cplusplus   >= C++17
 
 namespace toml
 {
+template<typename C, template<typename ...> class T, template<typename ...> class A>
+class basic_value;
+
 namespace detail
 {
-
-template<typename T>
-using unwrap_t = typename std::decay<T>::type;
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// check whether type T is a kind of container/map class
 
 struct has_iterator_impl
 {
@@ -30,11 +45,43 @@ struct has_mapped_type_impl
     template<typename T> static std::true_type  check(typename T::mapped_type*);
     template<typename T> static std::false_type check(...);
 };
-struct has_resize_method_impl
+struct has_reserve_method_impl
 {
-    constexpr static std::size_t dummy=0;
-    template<typename T> static std::true_type  check(decltype(std::declval<T>().resize(dummy))*);
     template<typename T> static std::false_type check(...);
+    template<typename T> static std::true_type  check(
+        decltype(std::declval<T>().reserve(std::declval<std::size_t>()))*);
+};
+struct has_push_back_method_impl
+{
+    template<typename T> static std::false_type check(...);
+    template<typename T> static std::true_type  check(
+        decltype(std::declval<T>().push_back(std::declval<typename T::value_type>()))*);
+};
+struct is_comparable_impl
+{
+    template<typename T> static std::false_type check(...);
+    template<typename T> static std::true_type  check(
+        decltype(std::declval<T>() < std::declval<T>())*);
+};
+
+struct has_from_toml_method_impl
+{
+    template<typename T, typename C,
+             template<typename ...> class Tb, template<typename ...> class A>
+    static std::true_type  check(
+        decltype(std::declval<T>().from_toml(
+                std::declval<::toml::basic_value<C, Tb, A>>()))*);
+
+    template<typename T, typename C,
+             template<typename ...> class Tb, template<typename ...> class A>
+    static std::false_type check(...);
+};
+struct has_into_toml_method_impl
+{
+    template<typename T>
+    static std::true_type  check(decltype(std::declval<T>().into_toml())*);
+    template<typename T>
+    static std::false_type check(...);
 };
 
 /// Intel C++ compiler can not use decltype in parent class declaration, here
@@ -52,20 +99,201 @@ struct has_key_type    : decltype(has_key_type_impl::check<T>(nullptr)){};
 template<typename T>
 struct has_mapped_type : decltype(has_mapped_type_impl::check<T>(nullptr)){};
 template<typename T>
-struct has_resize_method : decltype(has_resize_method_impl::check<T>(nullptr)){};
+struct has_reserve_method : decltype(has_reserve_method_impl::check<T>(nullptr)){};
+template<typename T>
+struct has_push_back_method : decltype(has_push_back_method_impl::check<T>(nullptr)){};
+template<typename T>
+struct is_comparable : decltype(is_comparable_impl::check<T>(nullptr)){};
+
+template<typename T, typename C,
+         template<typename ...> class Tb, template<typename ...> class A>
+struct has_from_toml_method
+: decltype(has_from_toml_method_impl::check<T, C, Tb, A>(nullptr)){};
+
+template<typename T>
+struct has_into_toml_method
+: decltype(has_into_toml_method_impl::check<T>(nullptr)){};
 
 #ifdef __INTEL_COMPILER
-#undef decltype(...)
+#undef decltype
 #endif
 
-template<typename T>
-struct is_container : std::integral_constant<bool,
-    has_iterator<T>::value && has_value_type<T>::value>{};
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// C++17 and/or/not
+
+#if __cplusplus >= 201703L
+
+using std::conjunction;
+using std::disjunction;
+using std::negation;
+
+#else
+
+template<typename ...> struct conjunction : std::true_type{};
+template<typename T>   struct conjunction<T> : T{};
+template<typename T, typename ... Ts>
+struct conjunction<T, Ts...> :
+    std::conditional<static_cast<bool>(T::value), conjunction<Ts...>, T>::type
+{};
+
+template<typename ...> struct disjunction : std::false_type{};
+template<typename T>   struct disjunction<T> : T {};
+template<typename T, typename ... Ts>
+struct disjunction<T, Ts...> :
+    std::conditional<static_cast<bool>(T::value), T, disjunction<Ts...>>::type
+{};
 
 template<typename T>
-struct is_map : std::integral_constant<bool,
-    has_iterator<T>::value && has_key_type<T>::value &&
-    has_mapped_type<T>::value>{};
+struct negation : std::integral_constant<bool, !static_cast<bool>(T::value)>{};
+
+#endif
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// type checkers
+
+template<typename T> struct is_std_pair : std::false_type{};
+template<typename T1, typename T2>
+struct is_std_pair<std::pair<T1, T2>> : std::true_type{};
+
+template<typename T> struct is_std_tuple : std::false_type{};
+template<typename ... Ts>
+struct is_std_tuple<std::tuple<Ts...>> : std::true_type{};
+
+template<typename T> struct is_std_forward_list : std::false_type{};
+template<typename T>
+struct is_std_forward_list<std::forward_list<T>> : std::true_type{};
+
+template<typename T> struct is_chrono_duration: std::false_type{};
+template<typename Rep, typename Period>
+struct is_chrono_duration<std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period>>: std::true_type{};
+
+template<typename T>
+struct is_map : conjunction< // map satisfies all the following conditions
+    has_iterator<T>,         // has T::iterator
+    has_value_type<T>,       // has T::value_type
+    has_key_type<T>,         // has T::key_type
+    has_mapped_type<T>       // has T::mapped_type
+    >{};
+template<typename T> struct is_map<T&>                : is_map<T>{};
+template<typename T> struct is_map<T const&>          : is_map<T>{};
+template<typename T> struct is_map<T volatile&>       : is_map<T>{};
+template<typename T> struct is_map<T const volatile&> : is_map<T>{};
+
+template<typename T>
+struct is_container : conjunction<
+    negation<is_map<T>>,                         // not a map
+    negation<std::is_same<T, std::string>>,      // not a std::string
+#if __cplusplus >= 201703L
+    negation<std::is_same<T, std::string_view>>, // not a std::string_view
+#endif
+    has_iterator<T>,                             // has T::iterator
+    has_value_type<T>                            // has T::value_type
+    >{};
+template<typename T> struct is_container<T&>                : is_container<T>{};
+template<typename T> struct is_container<T const&>          : is_container<T>{};
+template<typename T> struct is_container<T volatile&>       : is_container<T>{};
+template<typename T> struct is_container<T const volatile&> : is_container<T>{};
+
+template<typename T>
+struct is_basic_value: std::false_type{};
+template<typename T> struct is_basic_value<T&>                : is_basic_value<T>{};
+template<typename T> struct is_basic_value<T const&>          : is_basic_value<T>{};
+template<typename T> struct is_basic_value<T volatile&>       : is_basic_value<T>{};
+template<typename T> struct is_basic_value<T const volatile&> : is_basic_value<T>{};
+template<typename C, template<typename ...> class M, template<typename ...> class V>
+struct is_basic_value<::toml::basic_value<C, M, V>>: std::true_type{};
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// C++14 index_sequence
+
+#if __cplusplus >= 201402L
+
+using std::index_sequence;
+using std::make_index_sequence;
+
+#else
+
+template<std::size_t ... Ns> struct index_sequence{};
+
+template<typename IS, std::size_t N> struct push_back_index_sequence{};
+template<std::size_t N, std::size_t ... Ns>
+struct push_back_index_sequence<index_sequence<Ns...>, N>
+{
+    typedef index_sequence<Ns..., N> type;
+};
+
+template<std::size_t N>
+struct index_sequence_maker
+{
+    typedef typename push_back_index_sequence<
+        typename index_sequence_maker<N-1>::type, N>::type type;
+};
+template<>
+struct index_sequence_maker<0>
+{
+    typedef index_sequence<0> type;
+};
+template<std::size_t N>
+using make_index_sequence = typename index_sequence_maker<N-1>::type;
+
+#endif // __cplusplus >= 2014
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// C++14 enable_if_t
+
+#if __cplusplus >= 201402L
+
+using std::enable_if_t;
+
+#else
+
+template<bool B, typename T>
+using enable_if_t = typename std::enable_if<B, T>::type;
+
+#endif // __cplusplus >= 2014
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// return_type_of_t
+
+#if __cplusplus >= 201703L
+
+template<typename F, typename ... Args>
+using return_type_of_t = std::invoke_result_t<F, Args...>;
+
+#else
+// result_of is deprecated after C++17
+template<typename F, typename ... Args>
+using return_type_of_t = typename std::result_of<F(Args...)>::type;
+
+#endif
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// is_string_literal
+//
+// to use this, pass `typename remove_reference<T>::type` to T.
+
+template<typename T>
+struct is_string_literal:
+disjunction<
+    std::is_same<const char*, T>,
+    conjunction<
+        std::is_array<T>,
+        std::is_same<const char, typename std::remove_extent<T>::type>
+        >
+    >{};
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// C++20 remove_cvref_t
+
+template<typename T>
+struct remove_cvref
+{
+    using type = typename std::remove_cv<
+        typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type;
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+using remove_cvref_t = typename remove_cvref<T>::type;
 
 }// detail
 }//toml

toml/types.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+//     Copyright Toru Niina 2017.
+// Distributed under the MIT License.
+#ifndef TOML11_TYPES_HPP
+#define TOML11_TYPES_HPP
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "comments.hpp"
+#include "datetime.hpp"
+#include "string.hpp"
+#include "traits.hpp"
+
+namespace toml
+{
+
+template<typename Comment, // discard/preserve_comment
+         template<typename ...> class Table, // map-like class
+         template<typename ...> class Array> // vector-like class
+class basic_value;
+
+using character = char;
+using key = std::string;
+
+using boolean        = bool;
+using integer        = std::int64_t;
+using floating       = double; // "float" is a keyward, cannot use it here.
+// the following stuffs are structs defined here, so aliases are not needed.
+// - string
+// - offset_datetime
+// - offset_datetime
+// - local_datetime
+// - local_date
+// - local_time
+
+// default toml::value and default array/table. these are defined after defining
+// basic_value itself.
+// using value = basic_value<discard_comments, std::unordered_map, std::vector>;
+// using array = typename value::array_type;
+// using table = typename value::table_type;
+
+enum class value_t : std::uint8_t
+{
+    empty           =  0,
+    boolean         =  1,
+    integer         =  2,
+    floating        =  3,
+    string          =  4,
+    offset_datetime =  5,
+    local_datetime  =  6,
+    local_date      =  7,
+    local_time      =  8,
+    array           =  9,
+    table           = 10,
+};
+
+template<typename charT, typename traits>
+inline std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
+operator<<(std::basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os, value_t t)
+{
+    switch(t)
+    {
+        case value_t::boolean         : os << "boolean";         return os;
+        case value_t::integer         : os << "integer";         return os;
+        case value_t::floating        : os << "floating";        return os;
+        case value_t::string          : os << "string";          return os;
+        case value_t::offset_datetime : os << "offset_datetime"; return os;
+        case value_t::local_datetime  : os << "local_datetime";  return os;
+        case value_t::local_date      : os << "local_date";      return os;
+        case value_t::local_time      : os << "local_time";      return os;
+        case value_t::array           : os << "array";           return os;
+        case value_t::table           : os << "table";           return os;
+        case value_t::empty           : os << "empty";           return os;
+        default                       : os << "unknown";         return os;
+    }
+}
+
+template<typename charT = char,
+         typename traits = std::char_traits<charT>,
+         typename alloc = std::allocator<charT>>
+inline std::basic_string<charT, traits, alloc> stringize(value_t t)
+{
+    std::basic_ostringstream<charT, traits, alloc> oss;
+    oss << t;
+    return oss.str();
+}
+
+namespace detail
+{
+
+// helper to define a type that represents a value_t value.
+template<value_t V>
+using value_t_constant = std::integral_constant<value_t, V>;
+
+// meta-function that convertes from value_t to the exact toml type that corresponds to.
+// It takes toml::basic_value type because array and table types depend on it.
+template<value_t t, typename Value> struct enum_to_type                      {using type = void                      ;};
+template<typename Value> struct enum_to_type<value_t::empty          , Value>{using type = void                      ;};
+template<typename Value> struct enum_to_type<value_t::boolean        , Value>{using type = boolean                   ;};
+template<typename Value> struct enum_to_type<value_t::integer        , Value>{using type = integer                   ;};
+template<typename Value> struct enum_to_type<value_t::floating       , Value>{using type = floating                  ;};
+template<typename Value> struct enum_to_type<value_t::string         , Value>{using type = string                    ;};
+template<typename Value> struct enum_to_type<value_t::offset_datetime, Value>{using type = offset_datetime           ;};
+template<typename Value> struct enum_to_type<value_t::local_datetime , Value>{using type = local_datetime            ;};
+template<typename Value> struct enum_to_type<value_t::local_date     , Value>{using type = local_date                ;};
+template<typename Value> struct enum_to_type<value_t::local_time     , Value>{using type = local_time                ;};
+template<typename Value> struct enum_to_type<value_t::array          , Value>{using type = typename Value::array_type;};
+template<typename Value> struct enum_to_type<value_t::table          , Value>{using type = typename Value::table_type;};
+
+// meta-function that converts from an exact toml type to the enum that corresponds to.
+template<typename T, typename Value>
+struct type_to_enum : std::conditional<
+    std::is_same<T, typename Value::array_type>::value, // if T == array_type,
+    value_t_constant<value_t::array>,                   // then value_t::array
+    typename std::conditional<                          // else...
+        std::is_same<T, typename Value::table_type>::value, // if T == table_type
+        value_t_constant<value_t::table>,               // then value_t::table
+        value_t_constant<value_t::empty>                // else value_t::empty
+        >::type
+    >::type {};
+template<typename Value> struct type_to_enum<boolean        , Value>: value_t_constant<value_t::boolean        > {};
+template<typename Value> struct type_to_enum<integer        , Value>: value_t_constant<value_t::integer        > {};
+template<typename Value> struct type_to_enum<floating       , Value>: value_t_constant<value_t::floating       > {};
+template<typename Value> struct type_to_enum<string         , Value>: value_t_constant<value_t::string         > {};
+template<typename Value> struct type_to_enum<offset_datetime, Value>: value_t_constant<value_t::offset_datetime> {};
+template<typename Value> struct type_to_enum<local_datetime , Value>: value_t_constant<value_t::local_datetime > {};
+template<typename Value> struct type_to_enum<local_date     , Value>: value_t_constant<value_t::local_date     > {};
+template<typename Value> struct type_to_enum<local_time     , Value>: value_t_constant<value_t::local_time     > {};
+
+// meta-function that checks the type T is the same as one of the toml::* types.
+template<typename T, typename Value>
+struct is_exact_toml_type : disjunction<
+    std::is_same<T, boolean        >,
+    std::is_same<T, integer        >,
+    std::is_same<T, floating       >,
+    std::is_same<T, string         >,
+    std::is_same<T, offset_datetime>,
+    std::is_same<T, local_datetime >,
+    std::is_same<T, local_date     >,
+    std::is_same<T, local_time     >,
+    std::is_same<T, typename Value::array_type>,
+    std::is_same<T, typename Value::table_type>
+    >{};
+template<typename T, typename V> struct is_exact_toml_type<T&, V>               : is_exact_toml_type<T, V>{};
+template<typename T, typename V> struct is_exact_toml_type<T const&, V>         : is_exact_toml_type<T, V>{};
+template<typename T, typename V> struct is_exact_toml_type<T volatile&, V>      : is_exact_toml_type<T, V>{};
+template<typename T, typename V> struct is_exact_toml_type<T const volatile&, V>: is_exact_toml_type<T, V>{};
+
+} // detail
+} // toml
+#endif// TOML11_TYPES_H

toml/utility.hpp

@@ -1,42 +1,92 @@
-#ifndef TOML11_UTILITY
-#define TOML11_UTILITY
-#include "traits.hpp"
-#include <utility>
+//     Copyright Toru Niina 2017.
+// Distributed under the MIT License.
+#ifndef TOML11_UTILITY_HPP
+#define TOML11_UTILITY_HPP
 #include <memory>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <utility>
+
+#include "traits.hpp"
+
+#if __cplusplus >= 201402L
+#  define TOML11_MARK_AS_DEPRECATED(msg) [[deprecated(msg)]]
+#elif defined(__GNUC__)
+#  define TOML11_MARK_AS_DEPRECATED(msg) __attribute__((deprecated(msg)))
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
+#  define TOML11_MARK_AS_DEPRECATED(msg) __declspec(deprecated(msg))
+#else
+#  define TOML11_MARK_AS_DEPRECATED
+#endif
 
 namespace toml
 {
 
+#if __cplusplus >= 201402L
+
+using std::make_unique;
+
+#else
+
 template<typename T, typename ... Ts>
 inline std::unique_ptr<T> make_unique(Ts&& ... args)
 {
     return std::unique_ptr<T>(new T(std::forward<Ts>(args)...));
 }
 
+#endif // __cplusplus >= 2014
+
 namespace detail
 {
-
-template<typename T>
-inline void resize_impl(T& container, std::size_t N, std::true_type)
+template<typename Container>
+void try_reserve_impl(Container& container, std::size_t N, std::true_type)
 {
-    container.resize(N);
-    return ;
+    container.reserve(N);
+    return;
+}
+template<typename Container>
+void try_reserve_impl(Container&, std::size_t, std::false_type) noexcept
+{
+    return;
+}
+} // detail
+
+template<typename Container>
+void try_reserve(Container& container, std::size_t N)
+{
+    if(N <= container.size()) {return;}
+    detail::try_reserve_impl(container, N, detail::has_reserve_method<Container>{});
+    return;
+}
+
+namespace detail
+{
+inline std::string concat_to_string_impl(std::ostringstream& oss)
+{
+    return oss.str();
+}
+template<typename T, typename ... Ts>
+std::string concat_to_string_impl(std::ostringstream& oss, T&& head, Ts&& ... tail)
+{
+    oss << std::forward<T>(head);
+    return concat_to_string_impl(oss, std::forward<Ts>(tail) ... );
+}
+} // detail
+
+template<typename ... Ts>
+std::string concat_to_string(Ts&& ... args)
+{
+    std::ostringstream oss;
+    oss << std::boolalpha << std::fixed;
+    return detail::concat_to_string_impl(oss, std::forward<Ts>(args) ...);
 }
 
 template<typename T>
-inline void resize_impl(T& container, std::size_t N, std::false_type)
+T from_string(const std::string& str, T opt)
 {
-    if(container.size() >= N) return;
-    else throw std::invalid_argument("not resizable type");
-}
-
-}
-
-template<typename T>
-inline void resize(T& container, std::size_t N)
-{
-    if(container.size() == N) return;
-    else return detail::resize_impl(container, N, detail::has_resize_method<T>());
+    T v(opt);
+    std::istringstream iss(str);
+    iss >> v;
+    return v;
 }
 
 }// toml